1、 an empty street an empty housea hole inside heartIm all alone and the roomsare getting smallerI wonder how i wonder whyI wonder where they arethe days we hadthe songs we sang togetherand oh! my love Im holding on foreverreaching for a lovethat seems so farso i say a litter prayerno my dream will ta

2、ke me therewhere the skies are blue to see youonce again my loveEnglish Basic Tenses (時態時態)他昨天他昨天來來了了. 他已經他已經來來了了.他明天他明天來來.漢語借助漢語借助詞匯手段詞匯手段而非詞的形態變化來表示而非詞的形態變化來表示動作的發生動作的發生,而英語主要通過而英語主要通過謂語動詞時態謂語動詞時態變化變化來表現來表現.任何句子都要先注意任何句子都要先注意時態時態.He came yesterday.He has come.He will come tomorrow.一般過去時一般過去時 ( The

3、 Simple Past Tense )一般現在時一般現在時 ( The Simple Present tense 一般將來時一般將來時( The Simple Future Tense )現在進行時現在進行時(The Present Continuous Tense)過去進行時過去進行時(The Past Continuous Tense)現在完成時現在完成時(The Present Perfect Tense) 過去完成時過去完成時 (The Past Perfect Tense)過去將來時過去將來時(The Simple Past Future Tense)How did you spe

4、nd your childhood?(3 sentences or more,使用實意動使用實意動詞和系動詞詞和系動詞, 注意動詞形式變化注意動詞形式變化)Example: I _ (spend) my childhood happily with my old friends. We always _(play) football and basketball together and we _ (not) have so much homework to do as now. We _ (be) happy at that time. spentplayed didntwere 一般過去時

5、一般過去時 ( The Simple Past Tense )1.結構結構: 謂動用動詞過去式謂動用動詞過去式2.用法用法: 在在過去時間里所發生過去時間里所發生的動作或存在的的動作或存在的狀態。狀態。常與表示過去時間的時間狀語連用。常與表示過去時間的時間狀語連用。如如 yesterday, last week, an hour ago, in 1982等。等。How is your daily life as a high school student?(3 sentences or more,使用實意動詞和系動詞使用實意動詞和系動詞, 注意動詞形式變化注意動詞形式變化)二二. 一般現在時一

6、般現在時 ( The Present Indefinite )1.結構結構:主語為主語為第三人稱單數第三人稱單數,謂動要變化謂動要變化,其其余人稱用原形余人稱用原形. I study hard every day and I get along well with my classmates, but sometimes I miss my families.2. 用法用法:1) 經常性或習慣性經常性或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻率的時的動作，常與表示頻率的時間狀語連用，如間狀語連用，如often/ usually, every, sometimes, at, on Sunday。2)表示不受時間

7、限制的表示不受時間限制的科學事實或客觀真理科學事實或客觀真理。The earth moves around the sun.3) 表示已表示已安排或計劃好將來必定會發生安排或計劃好將來必定會發生的動作的動作或存在的狀態或存在的狀態, 一般用于一般用于be, come, go, start, begin, leave, arrive, return等動詞中，常與時等動詞中，常與時間狀語連用如：間狀語連用如：The meeting starts at 2:00 p.m.Dad said to me, “I will buy a computer for you if you can pass th

8、e exam.” Dad told me (that) he _ (buy) a computer for me if I could pass the exam.would buy.過去將來時過去將來時(The past future simple Tense)1. 用法用法: 過去將來時表示立足于過去某一時間看過去將來時表示立足于過去某一時間看將要發生的動作或存在的狀態將要發生的動作或存在的狀態, 常用于賓語從句常用于賓語從句中中.2.結構結構: Should / would+動詞原形動詞原形The boy promised he would work hard.I told my par

9、ents I should return early.2).其他形式其他形式 was (were) going to was (were) to +動詞原形動詞原形 was (were) about to猶如 pictureHow will you spend your Spring Festival holiday?I willIm going to三三. 一般將來時一般將來時( The Simple Future Tense ) will / be going to do2. be +to do，按，按計劃或正式安排計劃或正式安排將發生的事。將發生的事。We are to have an

10、exam this week.3. be about to do, 表示表示馬上做某事馬上做某事, 不能與明確不能與明確表示將來的時間狀語連用表示將來的時間狀語連用.He is about to leave for Beijing.What are they doing now?They are having a class.四四. 現在進行時現在進行時(The Present Continuous Tense)2. 用法：用法：1) 表示表示現在現在( 指說話時指說話時)正在發生正在發生的事情。的事情。We are having English class now.2) 表示表示目前這段時間

11、內目前這段時間內正在進行的動作正在進行的動作,但說但說話時動作未必正在進行。話時動作未必正在進行。She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.1.結構結構: be (am, are, is)+ doing3) 現在進行時用來表示現在進行時用來表示按計劃即將發生的按計劃即將發生的動作動作,多用于表示多用于表示移動移動的動詞的動詞,如如: come, go, start, arrive, leave, stay.I m leaving tomorrow.Are you staying here till next week?On August 8, 2008, th

12、e 29th Olimpic Games was opening in Beijing.What were you doing on that day?五五. 過去進行時過去進行時(The Past Continuous Tense)1. 結構：結構：was/ were + doing2. 用法用法:表示過去某時或某段時間正在進行的動表示過去某時或某段時間正在進行的動作或狀態。作或狀態。常用的時間狀語常用的時間狀語at ten yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, whileEnglish, boring or funny?Q1: Ho

13、w old were you when you first started learning English?Q2: How long have you learnt English?A: We have learnt English for many years since we were 6 years old.六六. 現在完成時現在完成時(The present Perfect Tense) 1. 結構結構: have (has) +過去分詞過去分詞2.用法用法: 1). 現在完成時表示過去某一時間開始，一直延現在完成時表示過去某一時間開始，一直延續到現在的動作或狀態續到現在的動作或狀態

14、, 通常用于延續性動詞通常用于延續性動詞. 常常與表示延續性的時間狀語連用與表示延續性的時間狀語連用,如如:so far, up to now, recently, in the past 6 years, since,for 等等等等 I have lived in Zhuhai for 3 years.2).表示發生在過去的某一動作表示發生在過去的某一動作對現在造成的影響對現在造成的影響或結果或結果,常用的時間狀語有常用的時間狀語有: just ,already, yet,ever, never, once等等等等.We have finished our lunch already.Ha

15、ve you ever tried this method?比較一般過去時與現在完成時比較一般過去時與現在完成時 1). 一般過去時只表示發生在過去的動作或存一般過去時只表示發生在過去的動作或存在的狀態在的狀態, 不涉及對現在的影響不涉及對現在的影響；現在完成；現在完成時表示發生在過去的動作或狀態時表示發生在過去的動作或狀態一直延續到一直延續到現在現在,或強調過去的事情對現在的造成的影響或強調過去的事情對現在的造成的影響。 My family lived in Zhuhai ten years ago. （現在不在了（現在不在了) My family have lived in Zhuhai

16、for 10 years. (目前還在珠海目前還在珠海) 2). 過去時常過去時常與具體的表示過去的時間狀語連用與具體的表示過去的時間狀語連用，而現在完成時通常與而現在完成時通常與不確定的不確定的或或包括現在在內包括現在在內的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語. I studied in Zhongshan university in 2000.(2000年表示具體的過去時間）年表示具體的過去時間）I have studied in Zhongshan university since 2000. (since 2000表示從表示從2000年至今年至今,包包括現在在內括現在

17、在內)I have just bought an apartment. (just表示不表示不確定的時間狀語）確定的時間狀語）注意：注意：非延續性動詞的非延續性動詞的否定形式否定形式可以與表示延續時間可以與表示延續時間的狀語連用。即動作不發生的狀態是可以持續的狀語連用。即動作不發生的狀態是可以持續的。的。I have received his letter for a month. （錯）（錯） I havent received his letter for almost a month. （對）（對）比較比較since和和for since +時間點時間點, 用來說明動作起始時間用來說明動

18、作起始時間 for+ 時間段時間段, 用來說明動作延續時間長度。用來說明動作延續時間長度。I have lived here for more than twenty years.I have lived here since I was born.七七.過去完成時過去完成時 (The past perfect Tense)結構結構: had + 過去分詞過去分詞 概念：表示過去的過去概念：表示過去的過去-|-|-|-過去之前過去之前 過去現在將來過去現在將來 You graduated (畢業畢業) from Junior Middle School in July 2009. You ha

19、d stayed there for 3 years when you graduated.When the police arrived, the thieves _(run away).When I came into the classroom, my dear students _ (begin) reading. had run awayhad begunExercisesI usually _ up at 6:00, but yesterday I _ up at 7:00 and tomorrow I _ up at 6:30. (get)Listen! Someone _ (k

20、nock) at the door.I _ (be) in Beijing for two years.How often _ Andy _ (surf) the internet?He fell asleep while he _ (read) a book.getwill getgotis knocking have been doessurfwas reading6. I _ never _ (hear) of that man before.7. My brother often _ (go) for walks last summer.8. Lily said she _ (put)

21、 on the new dress the next day.9. _ the story _ (happen) in London in 1949?10. What _ his mother _ (do) when he opened the door?haveheardwentwould Did happenwasdoing11. If it _ (not rain) tomorrow, they _ (go) fishing. 12. _ your mother _ the piano every Sunday?13. They _ (not) call you the day afte

22、r tomorrow.14. Tom _ (work) there since two years ago.15. By the time I _ (walk) into the classroom, the teacher _ (start) teaching. doesnt rainwill go Does has workedwont walkedhad startedplay Jenny Jenny _ (be) a foreign girl. She _ (come) from the United States. Look, she _ (draw) pictures in the

23、 living room. Two years ago, her parents _ (move) to China. Jenny _ (not have) any friends, so she _ (feel) lonely. But now, she _ (have) many Chinese friends and _ (study) with them everyday. Jenny _ (visit) her grandparents in the United States next month.iscomesis drawingmoveddidnt havefelthasstu

24、dieswill visitOne good turn deserves another I _ (have) dinner at a restaurant when Tony Steele came in. Tony _ (work) in a lawyers office years ago, but he _ (work) at a bank now. He _ (get) a good salary, but he always _ (borrow) money from his friends and never _ (pay) it back. Tony _ (see) me an

25、d _ (come) and _ (sit) at the same table. He _ never _ (borrow) money from me. While he _ (eat), I _ (ask) him to lend me twenty pounds. To my surprise, he _ (give) me the money immediately. I have never borrowed any money from you, Tony said, so now you can pay for my dinner! was havingworkedis wor

26、kingaskedsawcamehassatgavewas eatingborrowsgetspaysborrowed動詞的語態動詞的語態 語態有兩種：主動語態和被動語態。語態有兩種：主動語態和被動語態。主語是動作的發出者為主動語態；主語是動作的發出者為主動語態； 主語是動作的接受者為被動語態。主語是動作的接受者為被動語態。We watched a film last night.I drink milk everyday.A film _. Milk _. Summary (總結總結): is / was +done (p.p)was watched by us last nightis d

27、runk by me everydayWill/ would be done新電腦下周將投入使用。新電腦下周將投入使用。The new computers will be used next week.媽媽告訴我我的自行車明天去修。媽媽告訴我我的自行車明天去修。My mother told me that my bike would be repaired the next day.am/ is /are being donewas/ were being done中國國家大劇院正在建設當中。中國國家大劇院正在建設當中。The National Opera Building is being

28、built at present. has/ have been donehad been done這個問題已經得到了圓滿的解決。這個問題已經得到了圓滿的解決。The problem has been well solved.昨天晚上我到超市的時候，牛奶已經賣完了。昨天晚上我到超市的時候，牛奶已經賣完了。The milk had been sold when I got to the supermarket last night. 不及物動詞或動詞短語無被動語態不及物動詞或動詞短語無被動語態比較：比較： rise是不及物動詞；是不及物動詞；raise是及物動詞。是及物動詞。 The price

29、 has been risen.The price has risen. The price has raised. The price has been raised.The accident was happened last week.The accident happened last week.(錯錯)(對對)(錯錯)(對對)(錯錯)(對對) 要想正確地使用被動語要想正確地使用被動語態，就須注意哪些動詞態，就須注意哪些動詞是及物的，哪些是不及是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特別是一詞多義物的。特別是一詞多義的動詞往往有兩種用法。的動詞往往有兩種用法。解決這一問題唯有在學解決這一問題唯有在學

30、習過程中多留意積累。習過程中多留意積累。一般現在時一般現在時: be( am/are/is) + p.p.( 過去分詞過去分詞)一般過去時一般過去時: be(was/ were) + p.p.一般將來時一般將來時: will be + p.p.過去將來時過去將來時: would be + p.p.現在進行時現在進行時: be( am/are/is)+ being+ p.p.過去進行時過去進行時:be(was/ were )+ being+ p.p.現在完成時現在完成時: have/ has+ been + p.p.過去完成時過去完成時:had + been + p.p.高中英語教學大納中要求掌

31、握的只有八種：高中英語教學大納中要求掌握的只有八種：一般現在時，一般過去時，一般將來時，一般現在時，一般過去時，一般將來時，現在進行時，過去進行時，現在完成時，現在進行時，過去進行時，現在完成時，過去完成時，過去將來時。過去完成時，過去將來時。另外現在完成進行時，過去完成進行時和另外現在完成進行時，過去完成進行時和將來完成時也比較常用。將來完成時也比較常用。動詞時態和語態動詞時態和語態 時態 主動 被動 一般現在時一般現在時 do be( am/are/is) + done 一般過去時一般過去時 did be(was/ were) + done 一般將來時一般將來時 Will do will

32、be + done 過去將來時過去將來時 Would do would be + done 現在進行現在進行 be( am/are/is)+doing be( am/are/is)+ being+ done 過去進行時過去進行時 be(was/ were )+doing be(was/ were )+ being+ done 現在完成時現在完成時 have/ has+ been +doing have/ has+ been + done 過去完成時過去完成時 had + been +doing had + been +doneChallenge yourself!1、對於這個問題，關注很少。、

33、對於這個問題，關注很少。Little attention was paid to this problem.2、課堂上應該鼓勵小組討論。、課堂上應該鼓勵小組討論。 Group discussion should be encouraged in class.3、據報導，這里將修建一條新的馬路。、據報導，這里將修建一條新的馬路。It is reported that a new road will be built here.4、必須采取措施來防止河流受到污染。、必須采取措施來防止河流受到污染。 Measures should be taken to stop the river from be

34、ing polluted.動詞時態的一些典型用法動詞時態的一些典型用法 1. 在條件狀語從句、時間狀語從句、讓步狀語從句中，在條件狀語從句、時間狀語從句、讓步狀語從句中，主將從現主將從現。 The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she arrives. Can I join your club, Dad? You can when you get a bit older. Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. He will work

35、 wherever he is wanted. 2. 語境中的過去時，往往表示語境中的過去時，往往表示“剛才，剛剛剛才，剛剛”之意，暗示之意，暗示現在已現在已“不再這樣不再這樣”。 Come on in, Peter. I want to show you something. Oh, how nice of you ! I never thought you were going to bring me a gift. Your phone number again? I didnt quite catch it. Nancy is not coming tonight. But she p

36、romised !3. 用一般過去時表示過去經常發生的動作用一般過去時表示過去經常發生的動作 (也可用也可用 “used to do”或或 “would do” 代替代替)。During the vacation I often swam/ would swim in the sea. I used to smoke. 4. 表示愿望、打算一類的詞，如：表示愿望、打算一類的詞，如：hope, expect, mean, intend, want, think, suppose等，等，其過去完成時表示過去未曾實現的愿望或意圖。其過去完成時表示過去未曾實現的愿望或意圖。I had hoped to

37、 see more of ShangHai. I had meant to help you, but I was too busy at the moment. I had thought you would come tomorrow. 5. 某些固定句式中的動詞時態是固定的、約定某些固定句式中的動詞時態是固定的、約定俗成的。俗成的。 It / This is the first time I have come here. It was the third time (that) he had made the same mistake. It is / has been two mon

38、ths since I gave up smoking. It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time. I was about to go out when the telephone rang. They were reading when Tom shouted in pain. Hardly (No sooner) had I got home when (than) the rain poured down. It + be + 一段時間一段時間 + before 從句從句It wont be long before

39、he succeeds. ( = He will succeed soom.)It was ten years before they met again. ( = They met again ten years later. )高考對于進行體的常考點高考對于進行體的常考點 一個長動作作為背景，被一個短動作打斷，長一個長動作作為背景，被一個短動作打斷，長動作往往用進行體，短動作用一般體。如：動作往往用進行體，短動作用一般體。如：My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. The students were

40、 writing busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she had left in the office. Tom slipped into the house when no one was looking. As she was reading the newspaper, Granny fell asleep. The reporter said that the UFO was traveling east to west when he saw it. 表示動作的未完性、暫時性。如：表示動作的未完性、暫時性。如： Have you m

41、oved into the new house ? Not yet. The rooms are being painted. I dont really work here; I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives. Shirley was writing a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has finished it. Selecting a mobile phone for a personal use is no easy task be

42、cause technology is changing so rapidly. 表示計劃、安排要做的事。如：表示計劃、安排要做的事。如：Ive won a holiday for two days to Florida. I am taking my mum. What were you doing when Tony phoned you ? I had just finished my work and was starting to take a shower. 表示現在或當時發展中的或正在進行的表示現在或當時發展中的或正在進行的情況。情況。I dont think Jim saw me; he was just staring into space. I first met Lisa 3 years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time. Is this raincoat yours ? No, mine is hanging there behind the door. Hey, look where you are going ! Oh, Im terribly sorry, I wasnt noticing. 主動和被動主動和被動 一、一、 get + 過去分詞可以表示被動，此結構比