1、學習必備歡迎下載高中英語定語從句講解及練習定語從句是高中重點知識，也是高考常考點，大家也不容易掌握，這篇文章主要教你關系代詞引導的 定語從句關系副詞引導的定語從句判斷關系代詞與關系副詞限制性和非限制性定語從句等內容，有例題講解定語從句在句中做定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現在先行詞之后，由關系詞（關系代詞或關系副詞）引出。關系代詞有： who, whom, whose, that, which 等。關系副詞有： when, where, why 等。1.1 1關系代詞引導的定語從句關系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當主語、賓語、定語

2、等成分。關系代詞 在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數要和先行詞保持一致。1） who, whom, that這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中作主語和賓語。例如：Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想見的人嗎？ （ who/that在從句中作主語）He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天見的那個人。（whom/that在從句中作賓語）2） whose用來指人或物，（只用作定語，若指物，它還可以同 of which互換）。例如：They rushed over to he

3、lp the man whose car had broken down. 那人車壞了, 大家者B跑過去幫忙。Please pass me the book whose （of which ） cover is green. 請遞給我那本綠皮的書。3） which, that所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等。例如：A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.農村出現了前所未有的繁榮。（which / that在句中作賓語）The package （whi

4、ch / that ） you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that 在句中作賓語）1.2 2關系副詞引導的定語從句關系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語。1）關系副詞 when, where, why的含義相當于“介詞+ which結構，因此常常和介詞+ which結構交替使 用。例如：There are occasions when （on which ） one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的時候。Beijing is the place where （in w

5、hich ） I was born. 北京是我的出生地。Is this the reason why （for which ） he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎？2） that代替關系副詞，可以用于表示時間、地點、方式、理由的名詞后取代 when, where, why和介+which引導的定語從句，在口語中 that常被省略。例如：His father died the year （that / when / in which ） he was born. 他父親在他出生那年逝世了。He is unlikely to find the place （

6、that / where / in which ） he lived forty years ago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住過的地方。1.3 3判斷關系代詞與關系副詞方法一：用關系代詞，還是關系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞后面無賓語，就必須要求用關系代詞；而不及物動詞則要求用關系副詞。例如：This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 這是我去年呆過的山村。Ill never forget the days when I worked together with you. 我永遠不會忘記與你共事的日子。判斷改錯：

7、（錯）This is the mountain village where I visited last year.（錯）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.（對） This is the mountain village （which ） I visited last year.（對） Ill never forget the days （which） I spent in the countryside.習慣上總把表地點或時間的名詞與關系副詞where, when聯系在一起。此兩題錯在關系詞的誤用上。方法

8、二：準確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分（主、謂、賓、定、狀），也能正確選擇出關系代詞/關 系副詞。例 1. Is this museum you visited a few days age?A. where B. that C. on which D. the one例 2. Is this the museum the exhibition was held.A. where B. that C. on which D. the one例 1 變為肯定句：This museum is you visited a few days ago.例 2 變為肯定句：This is the museu

9、m the exhibition was held.在句1中，所缺部分為賓語，而 where, that, on which都不能起到賓語白作用，只有 the one既做了主句 的表語，又可做從句的賓語，可以省略關系代詞，所以應選 D。而句2中，主、謂、賓俱全，從句部分為句子的狀語表地點，既可用副詞where,又因in the museum詞組，可用介詞in + which引導地點狀語。而此題中，介詞 on用的不對，所以選 A。關系詞的選擇依據在從句中所做的成分，先行詞在從句中做主、 定、賓語時，選擇關系代詞（who, whom,that, which, whose ）;先行詞在從句中做狀語時

10、， 應選擇關系副詞（where地點狀語，when時間狀語，why原 因狀語）。1.4 4限制性和非限制性定語從句1）定語從句有限制性和非限制性兩種。限制性定語從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不 明確；非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明，去掉了也不會影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常用逗號 分開。例如：This is the house which we bought last month.這是我們上個月買的那幢房子。（限制性）The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.這幢房子很漂亮，是我們上個月買的。（非限制f生）2）當

11、先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時，其后的定語從句通常是非限制性的。例如：Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.查理.史密斯去年退休了，他曾經是我的老師。My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.我去年買的的那幢房子帶著個漂亮的花園。This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 這本小說很動人，我已經讀了三遍。3）非限制性定語從句還酢將整個上句作為先行

12、詞，對其講彳T修飾，這時從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數。例如：He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.他似乎沒抓住我的意思，這使我心煩。Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液態水變為蒸汽，這就叫做蒸發。說明：關系代詞that和關系副詞 why不能引導非限制性定語從句。1.5 5介詞+關系詞1）介詞后面的關系詞不能省略。2） that前不能有介詞。3） 某此在從句中充當時間：地點或原因狀語的 ”介詞 +關系詞結構可以同關系

13、副詞 when 和 where 百換。例如 This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 這是我兩年前住過的房子。This is the house where I lived two years ago.Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 還記得你加入我們俱樂部的那一天嗎？Do you remember the day when you joined our club?18.6 as, which非限定性定語從句由as, which引導的非限定性定語從句，as和whi

14、ch可代整個主句，相當于 and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。例如：As we know, smoking is harmful to ones health. 如我們所知， 吸煙有害健康。The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. 太陽使地，球暖起來.委文對我彳門人類彳艮重要。典型例題1) Alice received an invitation from her boss,came as a surprise.A. it B. that C. which D. he答案C.此為非限定性從

15、句，不能用 that修飾，而用 which., it和he都使后句成為句子，兩個獨立的句子不能單以逗號連接。況且選he句意不通。2) The weather turned out to be very good,was more than we could expect.A. what B. which C. that D. it答案Bo which可代替句子，用于非限定性定語從句，而what不可。That不能用于非限定性定語從句，it不為連詞，使由逗號連接的兩個句子并在一起在英語語法上行不通。3) It rained hard yesterday,prevented me from goin

16、g to the park.A. that B. which C. as D. it答案B. as和which在引導非限制性定語從句時，這兩個關系代詞都指主句所表達的整個意思，且在定 語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。但不同之處主要有兩點：(1) as 引導的定語從句可置于句首，而 which 不可。(2) as代表前面的整個主句并在從句中作主語時，從句中的謂語必須是系動詞；若為行為動詞，則從句中的關系代詞只能用which.。在本題中，prevent由于是行為動詞，所以正確選項應為B。as例1. the same句s suchas中的as是一種固定結構，和一樣。例如：I have got into

17、the same trouble as he (has).我碰到了跟他一樣的麻煩。例2. as可引導非限制性從句，常帶有 正如。例如：As we know, smoking is harmful to ones health. 如我們所知，吸煙有害健康。As is known, smoking is harmful to ones health.As是關系代詞。例1中的as作know的賓語；例2中，它充當從句的主語，謂語動詞know要用被動式。O18.9關系代詞that的用法1)不用that的情況a)引導非限定性定語從句時。例如:(錯) The tree, that is four hundr

18、ed years old, is very famous here.b) 介詞后不能用。例如： We depend on the land from which we get our food. 我們依賴土地獲得食物。We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.2) 只酢用that作為定語從句的關系代詞的情況1 ) 在 there be 句型中，只用 that, 不用 which。2 )在不定代詞， 如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little 等作先行詞時，只

19、用 that,不用which.3 )先行詞有 the only, the very 修飾時，只用 that。4 )先行詞為序數詞、數詞、形容詞最高級時，只用that。.5 )先行詞既有人，又有物時。例如:All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需的只是供油問題。Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police. 那賊最終把偷的全部東西交給了警察。定語從句6 .The place interested me most was the Childrens Palace.

20、A. Which B. where C. what D. in which7 .Do you know the man?A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke8 .This is the hotel last month.A. which they stayedB. at that they stayedC. where they stayed atD. where they stayed9 .Do you know the year the Chinese Communist Party was founde

21、d?A. which B. thatC. whenD. on which10 That is the day Ill never forget.A. which B. on whichC. in which D. when11 The factory well visit next week is not far from here.A. where B. to which C. whichD. in which12 Great changes have taken place since then in the factory we are working.A. whereB. thatC.

22、 whichD. there13 This is one of the best films.A. that have been shown this yearB. that have shownC. that has been shown this yearD. that you talked14 Can you lend me the book the other day?A. about which you talked B. which you talkedC. about that you talkedD. that you talked15 .The pen he is writi

23、ng is mine.A. with whichB. in whichC. on which D. by which16 .They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of sat a small boy.A. whom B. who C. which D. that17 .The engineer my father works is about 50 years old.A. to whom B. on whomC. with whichD. with whom13.It there anyone in your class family is in the

24、 country?A. who B. whos C. whichD. whose1.1 Im interested in you have said.A. all that B. all what C. thatD. which1.2 I want to use the same dictionary was used yesterday.A. which B. whoC. whatD. as16 .He isnt such a man he used to be.A. whoB. whomC. thatD. as17 .He is good at English,we all know.A.

25、 that B. as C. whom D. what 18.Li Ming,to the concert enjoyed it very much.A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him 19.I dont like as you read.A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels 20.He talked a lot about things and persons they remembered in

26、the school.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. what21.The letter is from my sister,is working in Beijing.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. who22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of are women.A. themB. whichC. whom D. who23.Youre the only person Ive ever met could do it.A. who;/ B./; whom C. whom;/ D./

27、; who24.I lost a book,I cant remember now.A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that25.Last summer we visited the West Lake,Hangzhou is famous in the world.A. for whichB. for thatC. in whichD. what1.1 I have bought such a watch was advertised on TVA. that B. whichC. as D. it

28、1.2 I can never forget the day we worked together and the day we spent together.A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when28 .The way he looks at problems is wrong.A. whichB. whose C. what D./29 .This is the reason he didnt come to the meeting.A. in whichB. with whichC. thatD. for

29、 which30 .This machine,for many years, is still working perfectly.A. after which I have lookedB. which I have looked afterC. that I have looked afterD. I have looked after31 .The reason he didnt come was he was ill.A. why; that B.that;why C. for that;that D.for which;what32 .He is working hard,will

30、make him pass the final exam.A.that B.which C.for which D.who33 .That is not the way I do it.A./ B.which C.for which D.with which34.I have two grammars,are of great use.A. all of which B. either of whichC. both of thatD. both of which35.I want to use the same tools used in your factory a few days ag

31、o.A. as was B. which was C. as were D. which36. My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble,was very kind of them.A. who B. which C. that D. it37. This is the magazine I copied the paragraph.A. that B. whichC. from that D. from which38. He is not such a man would leave his work half don

32、e.A. that B. which C. who D. as39. You can depend on whatever promise he makes.A. / B. why C. when D. whose40. Smoking,is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A. that B. which C. itD. though41. - Did you ask the guard happened? - Yes, he told me all he knew.A. what; that B. what; what C. which; which D

33、. that; that42. I shall never forget those years I lived on the farm withthe farmers,has a great effect on my life.A. when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; which43. The number of the people who cars increasing.A. owns; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are44. During the days, he worked a

34、s a servant at the Browns.A. followed B. following C. to follow D. that followed45. Is oxygen the only gas helps fire burn?A. that B. / C. which D. it46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall,he could see was going on inside house.A. which; what B. through which; what C. through that; what D. what;

35、 that47. Is some German friends visited last week?A. this school B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where48. John got beaten in the game,had been expected.A. as B. that C. what D. who49. I have bought two ballpens,writes well.A. none of them B. neither of them C. neither of which D

36、. none of which50. All that can be eaten eaten up.A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been參考答案一.單項選擇定語從句 15 A C A B A 610 B C C A D 1115 C B D D A 1620 D C A B B 2126 B BB A D D參考答案及解析1. A. which用作關系代詞，在定語從句中作主語。2. C.和誰講話”要說speak to sb.本題全句應為 Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom 是關系代詞，

37、 作介詞to的賓語，可以省略。3. D. where是關系副詞，表示地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語。4. C. when是關系副詞，表示時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。5. A. which是關系代詞，在從句中作forget的賓語。其他幾個答案都不能作賓語。6. C.解析同第5題。7. A.解析見第3題。8. A.本句話的先行詞應該是films,因此，關系代詞that是負數概念，其謂語動詞應用復述的被動語態havebeen shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠詞 the,則the one應該視為先行詞。9. A.談到某事物”應說talk about sth.。about是介詞，其后要用 wh

38、ich作賓語，不能用that。10. A. with which是介詞+關系代詞結構，常用來引導定語從句.with有用的意思，介詞之后只能用 which,不 能用that. with which在定語從句中作狀語 ，即he is writing with a pen.11. C. in front of which 即 in front of a farmhouse. In front of which 在從句中作狀語.12. D. with whom 弓 I導定語從句 .with whom 放在從句中即為 :my father works with the engineer.13. D. w

39、hose引導定語從句，在從句中作主語family的定語.14. A. that引導定語從句，因為先行詞是all,所以只能選用that引導.15. D. the same 是as定用法，as引導定語從句時，可以作主語，賓語或表語.在本句話中，as作從句的主語.16. D. such 曷固定用法，as引導定語從句時，可以作主語，賓語或表語.在本題中，as作表語.17. B. as作關系代詞可以單獨用來引導非限制性定語從句。這時as所指代的不是主句中某個名詞，而往往指代整個主句的含義。as在從句中可以作主語、賓語。從句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中，as作賓語.18. B. Li Ming

40、enjoyed it very much 是主句,with whom I went to the concert 是定語從句 .with whom 放在從句中 為:I went to the concert with Li Ming.19. C. as引導定語從句時通常構成sucha或the sameas固定搭配，其中 such和same修飾其后的名詞，as為關系代詞，指代其前的名詞引導定語從句。as在從句中可以作主語、表語或賓語。Such修飾單數名詞時，要用such a.本題中such books, such直接修飾復數名詞.20. B. things和persons是先行詞.當定語從句要修

41、飾的先行詞是既表示人，又表示物的名詞時，其關系代詞要用that.21. D. who引導非限制性定語從句,who作從句的主語.22. C. two thirds of whom 即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers.23. D.先行詞person后有兩個定語從句，第一個從句省略了關系代詞whom.因為，whom作從句中met的賓語，可以省略.第二個從句 who could do it.who在從句中作主語，不可省略.24. A. whose title引導非限制性定語從句 ,whose title也可以說成the title of which25. A. for which引導定語從句，使用介詞for,是來自于從句中的固定短語be famous for以.而聞名”.26. C.當先行詞被such修飾時，引導定語從句的關系代詞要用as. As在本從句中作主語.27. A.兩個先行詞the day都是表示時間的名詞，但第一個空白處要填的關系詞在從句中作狀語，因此要用關系副詞when.第二個空白處要填的關系詞在從句中作動詞spent的賓語，因此要用關系代詞 wh