1、定語從句語法歸納及練習一、基本概念（一） 定語從句在復合句中作定語，修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。（二）先行詞被定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞。一般情況下，定語從句緊跟先行詞。但也有因各種原因 定語從句與先行詞被分割的現象。（三）關系代詞和關系副詞定語從句的引導詞。與先行詞關系密切，因此緊跟先行詞，并在定語從句中充當一個成分。 關系代詞有：who, whom, which, that 和whose,另外，as也可充當關系代詞。關系代詞 在定語從句中充當主語、賓語、表語和定語。關系副詞有： when, where和why。在定語 從句中充當狀語。二、關系代詞的用法（一）基本用法根據先行詞的不同，和

2、在從句中所充當的成分不同，選用不同的關系代詞。如下表:關系詞先行詞從句成分例句備注who人主語，賓語Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?關系代whom人賓語Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am workingThe boy (whom) she loved died in the war.whom,which 和 that 在從旬 中做賓語時，常可以省略， 但介詞提前時后面關系代 詞/、能省略，也不可以用 that詞whose人，物定語I like those books whoseto

3、pics are about history.The boy whose father works abroad is my classmate.that人，物主語，賓語A plane is a machine that can fly.She is the pop star （that） I want to see very much.which物主語，賓語The book （which） I gave you was worth $10.The picture which was about the accident was terrible.as人，物主語，賓語He is such a

4、person as is respected by all of us.This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.as做賓語一般不省略例如：（注意關系代詞在定語從句中所充當的成分） Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week ? （作主 語） I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published.（作主語） The plan that/which they argued abou

5、t was settled at last.（作賓語） This is the new secretary （who/whom/that） I would like to introduce to you . （作賓語） The soldier whoselegs were badly woundedwas operated on without delay. （作 定語）注意：關系代詞在定語從句中充當賓語時可以省略，充當主語時則不能。（見上例）（二）關系代詞that代替which的一些情況which, that在代替物時，一般可以通用。但在有些情況下，只用that o 先行詞是最高級形容詞或

6、它的前面有最高級形容詞修飾時。例如： This is the best that has been used against pollution .E English is the most difficult subjectthat you will learn during these years 先行詞是序數詞，或它前面有一個序數詞時。例如： This is the last place (that) I want to visit It is the first American movie of this kindthat I ve ever seen .(3) 先行詞是 all,

7、much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等代詞時。例如： You should hand in all that you have . We haven t got much that we can offer you . 先行詞前面有 the only, the very, any, few, little, no, all, much, every等修飾時。例如： The only thing that we can do is to give you some money. The little money

8、( that) he had was stolen.(三)宜用who,而不用that的一些情況(1) 先行詞是 one, ones, anyone 時。例如： One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth. Don t tell anyone about the news who oughtn t to know it .先行詞是those時。例如： Those who were not fit for their work could not see the beautiful clothes madeof t

9、he magic cloth.(四)其它情況 先行詞既有人又有物時。例如： Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about ? The bike and its rider that had run over an old man were taken to the police station. 主句已有疑問詞 who或which時。例如： Which is the bike that you lost ? Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting ?(五)與

10、whose有關的問題whose是代詞的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。例如： I saw a woman whose bag was stolen . Please show me the book whose cover is red . 當whose表示物與物的所有格關系時，亦可用 of which的形式。例如： The building whose roof you can see from here is a new restaurant.fThe building, the roof of which you can see from here, is a new restauran

11、t.或fThe building, of which the roof you can see from here is a new restaurant.三、介詞前提的問題關系代詞在定語從句中充當介詞賓語時，介詞可以前提至關系代詞前。例如：Have you seen the pen (which) I wrote the note with just now ?(which 作介詞with的賓語) f Have you seen the pen with which I wrote the note just now ?但是，要注意的是：介詞前提后，先行詞是人或物，關系代詞分別只能用whom

12、f口 which,而不再用that或whd介詞前提后，關系代詞不再能省略。 有些含有介詞的短語動詞中的介詞不能前提，如： look for, look after, take careof等。例如： 錯誤：Who is the old man to that you were talking to ?正確： Whois the old manto whomyou were talking ?或 Who is the old man(that/ whom) you were talking to ? 錯誤：These are the sheep of which the boy took car

13、e正確：These are the sheep (which/that) the boy took care of .四、關系代詞在從句中作主語時，從句中的主謂一致關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞在人稱和數上應與先行詞一致。例如： Who is the guy that is reading over there? The number of people that are going to the exhibition is expected to be over 25,000. All that needs to be donehas been done. He is one

14、of the students who use computer a lot for study. Timmy is the only one of the pupils that has failed the exam例中的all意為“一切”，作單數。例中沒通過考試的學生事實上只有一人，因此謂語動詞也用單數。that 與 which, who, whom 的用法區別:情況用法說明例句只用that的情況1 . 先行詞為 all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代詞時。2 . 先行詞被 all, any, every, each,

15、much, little, no, some, few等修飾時3 .先行詞后形容詞最高級和序數詞修飾時4 .先行詞既指人又指物時5 .先行詞被the only, the very 修飾時6 .句中已經有who或which時，為了避免 重復時1. He told me everything that he knows.2. All the books that you offered have been given out.3. This is the best film that I have ever read.4. We talked about the persons and thing

16、s that we remembered.5. He is the only man that I want to see.6. Who is the man that is making a speech?只用which,1.在非限制性定語從句中，只能用 which1. He has a son, who has gonewho, whom 的情況指代物，用 who/whomf人2 .在由“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從 句中，只能用 which指物，whomf旨人。3 .先行詞本身是that時，關系詞用which, 先行詞為those, one, he 時多用 whdabroad for f

17、urther study.2. I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.3. Those who respect others are usually respected by others.高一定語從句專項練習（1）A. where B. to which C. which D.factory well visit next week is notthatfar from here.engineer myfather works is about 50years old.place interested me most was the

18、Childrens Palace.A. Which B. where C. what D.in whichyou know the man?A. whom I spoke B. to who spokeC. I spoke to D. that I spokeis the hotel last month.A. which they stayed B. at that they stayedC. where they stayed at D. where they stayedyou know the year the ChineseCommunist Party was founded?A.

19、 which B. that C. when D. on whichis the day Ill never forget.A. which B. on which C. in whichD. whenin which changes have taken place in the factory we are working since then.A. where B. that C. whichD. thereis one of the best films.A. that have been shown this year B. that have shownC. that has be

20、en shown this year D. that you talked you lend me the book the other day?A. about which you talked B. which you talkedC. about that you talked D. that you talked pen he is writing is mine.which which which which arrived at a farmhouse, in front of sat a small boy.A. whom B. who C. which D.whom whom

21、which D. with whomthere anyone in your class family isin the country?A. who B. whos C. whichD. whosem interested in you have said.A. all that what C. that D.whichwant to use the same dictionary wasused yesterday.A. which B. who C. what D.asisnt such a man he used to be.A. who B. whom C. that D. asis

22、 good at English, we all know.A. that B. as C. whom D.whatMing, to the concert enjoyed it verymuch.A. I went with B. with whom I wentC. with who I went went with himdont like as you read.A. the novels B. the such novelsC. such novels D. same novelstalked a lot about things and persons they remembere

23、d in the school.A. which B. that C. whomD. whatletter is from mysister, is workingin Beijing.A. which B. that C. whomD. whoour factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of are women.A. them B. which C. whomD. whore the only person Ive ever metcould do it.A. who;/ B./; whomC. whom;/D./; wholost a b

24、ook, I cant remember now.A. whose title B. its titleC. the title of it D. the title of thatsummer we visited the West Lake, Hangzhou is famous in the world.which that which D whathave bought such a watch wasadvertised on TV.A. that B. which C. asD. itcan never forget the day we workedtogether and th

25、e day we spenttogether.; which ; when; that which; whenway he looks at problems is wrong.A. which B. whose C. whatD./is the reason he didnt come to themeeting.A. in which B. with which C. that D. for whichmachine, for many years, is stillworking perfectly.which I have looked B. which I havelooked af

26、terC. that I have looked after D. I have looked afterreason he didnt come was hewas ill.A. why; that B. that; whyC. for that; hat D. for which;whatis working hard, will make him passthe final exam.whichis not the way I do it.A./ which whichhave two grammars, are of great use.A. all of which B. eithe

27、r of whichC. both of that D. both of which want to use the same tools used inyour factory a few days ago.was B. which was were D. which neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, was very kind ofthem.A. who B. which C. thatD. itis the magazine I copied theparagraph.A. that B. which C. fr

28、om that D.from whichis not such a man would leave hiswork half done.A. that B. which C. who D.as39. You can depend on whatever promise he makes.A. / B. why C. when D. whose40. Smoking, is a bad habit, is,however, popular.A. that B. which C. it D.though41. - Did you ask the guard happened?- Yes, he t

29、old me all he knew.; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that42. I shall never forget those years I lived on the farm with the farmers, has a great effect on my life.; who ; which C. which; that D. when;which43. The number of the people who carsincreasing.; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own;

30、are44. During the days , he worked asa servant at the Browns.follow followed45. Is oxygen the only gas helps fireburn?A. that B. / C. which D. it46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, he could see was going on inside house.A. which; what B. through which;whatthat; what D. what; that47. Is some

31、German friends visitedlast week?A. this schoolB. this theschoolC. this school one D. this school where48. John got beaten in the game, hadbeen expected.A. as B. that C. what D. who49. I have bought two ballpens, writes well.A. none of them B. neither of themC. neither of which D. none of which50. Al

32、l that can be eaten eaten up.A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been高一 定語從句專項練習（ 2）1. Nearly all the streets are in straight lines, from east to west. Thoserun from north to south are called avenues.A. running; that B. run; who C. running; who D. run; that2. This is the case he s had allhi

33、s money stolen.A. when B. where C. that D. onwhich3. Mr. Smith will pay a visit to Beijing this autumn, we will enjoy theOlympic Games in 2008.A. where B. when C. which D. how4. The artist will not paint people or animals but he will paint anythingA. that the little girl asks him B.the little girl a

34、sks him toC. for the little girl to ask him D.what the little girl asks him5. Howdid you get in touch with the travel agent, Robin? Oh, that s easy. I surfed the Internet and then called one thetelephone number is provided.A. which B. in which C. of whichD. whose6. October 15 th is my birthday, Iwil

35、l never forget.A. when B. that C. what D.which7. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point hecan walk correctly and safely.A. when B. where C. whichD. whose8. There are several research centers in China a certain disease calledBird Flu is being studied.A. which B. where C. when

36、D. what9. I hope that the little I havebeen able to do does good to them all.A. which B. what C. that D. when10. The time is not far away moderncommunications will become widespread in China s vast countryside.A. as B. when C. until D. before11.is known to everybody, Taiwanis a part of China. We mus

37、t unify it.A. It B. As C. Which D. What12. I shall never forget the dayShen Zhou V was launched,has a great effect on my life.A. when, which B. that, which C. which, that D. when, that13. The bread my wife makes is much better than you can buy at a store.A. that which B. one thatC. that of which D.

38、this of which14. There is no such place you dreamof in all this world.15. The people, had been damagedby the flood, were given help by the Red Cross.A. all whose homes B. all of whose homesC. all their homes D. all oftheir homes16. The humansare destroying nature day by day, of course, will cause se

39、vere punishment from it sooner or later.A. who B. when C. on which D. which17. Is this research center youvisited the modern equipment last year?A. where B. that C. the one thatD. the one where18. Some pictures of the river brought the days back to the old they swam in it.A. when B. that C. who D.wh

40、ere19. The man showed us so heavy a stone no man can lift.A. that B. as C. which D.and20. He stayed there for quite a long time, during time he learned muchspoken English.A. that B. this C. which D.SameA. that B. what C. which D. as(4)真題回顧1. We went through a period communications were very difficul

41、t in rural areas. （2008 上海 ）A. which B. whose C. in whichD. with which2. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree theycan be controlled on purpose. （2007 重慶 ）A. with which B. to which C. ofwhich D. for which3. Animals suffered at the hands of Man they were destroyed by peo

42、ple to make way for agricultural had to provide food for more people. （2008 江西 ）A. in whichB. for which C. sothat D. in that4. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from their parents speakat home. （2008 浙江 ）A. what B. thatC. whichD. one5. You can only be sure of you have atpresent; you cannot be sure of something you might get in the future. （2007A. that; what B. what; / C.which; that D. /; that6. Women dri