1、八年級上冊課堂筆記（ 1-6 單元）Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation？1，一般過去時基本結構：主語 +動詞過去式+其他；否定形式：was / were + not;在行為動詞前加 didn't,同時還原動詞；一般疑問句： Was/Were+主語+其他？Did+主語+動詞原形+其他？2 ，動詞過去式規則變化：直接加ed ；以不發音e 結尾的單詞，直接加 d ；以輔音字母 +y 結尾的，變y 為 i 加 ed ；以元音字母+y 結尾的，直接加 ed ；以重讀閉音節結尾的，雙寫最后的輔音字母+ed不規則變化的動詞過去式（見書本最后一頁）3 ， go on

2、 vacation 去度假 be on vacation 在度假4 ， anyone 任何人，只用于指人，一般用在否定句、疑問句中，后面不接of 短語。做主語時位于動詞用單數。 Eg ： Is there anyone at home？any one 任何一個，指人或物，后面接of 短語。 Eg： You can take any one of these books.5， adj 修飾不定代詞后置anything special something importantenough 作 adv ，修飾adj/ adv 后置 old enough fast enoughelse 作 adj ，修

3、飾疑問代詞和不定代詞后置what else who else something else6， quite a few/ little 相當多7， How/ what about+V-ing/ n/ 代詞 , 怎么樣？（表建議、詢問）8， most students= most of the students“ one of +the most +adj +n 復數”表示“最, 之一”Eg ： He is one of the most famous writers in China.A most +adj +n 非常 Eg ： Hangzhou is a most beautiful cit

4、y.9， buy/ get sb sth= buy/ get sth for sb10， what do you think of/ about , ？ = how do you like , ？你認為 , 怎么樣？11， have fun ， enjoy oneself ， have a good/ great/ wonderful time+V-ing,12，主語+ seem+（ to be） +表語（n/adj）eg： Tom seems to be a smart boy/ happy.It seems that從句 eg： It seems that he understand.主語

5、+ seem to do stheg： He seems to understand.13, adj 以-ing 結尾"令人 ，的" exciting , interesting, relaxing, boring以 -ed 結尾“人感到 , 的” excited ， interested， relaxed ， bored14，詢問價格：How much is ,? What s the price of, ?表示價格高低：, be expensive/ cheapThe price of , is high/ low15， get to, arrive in/at, re

6、ach, 到達（如果后面接地點的副詞 home ， here 或 there , 就不用介詞in ,at, to ）16， decide（ not） to dodecide that 從句decide+疑問詞+不定式17， try （ not） to do sth 盡力try doing sth 嘗試try/ do one s best to do sthtry it on試穿（動副結構）try out試驗 have a try試一試18， feel like 感覺像 feel like doing sth/ want to do sth/ would like to do sth19 a l

7、ot of= lots of =plenty of20 in the past 在過去21 enjoy/ like doing22感嘆句：How+adj+ 主謂！How+adj+a/an +n 單 +主謂！What+ a/an +adj+ n 單 +主謂！What+ adj+ n 復/ 不可數+主謂！23 more than=over 超過 less than 少于 more or less 或多或少24 wait for 等待25 too many “太多”修飾可數名詞復數too much “太多”修飾不可數名詞much too “實在太”修飾形容詞或副詞26 , because+R句bec

8、ause of +n/ V-ing /代詞27 enough 作 adj 修飾 n enough time enough moneyhave enough, to do sth eg： I have enough time to finish the work. enough 作 adv 修飾 adj/ adv old enough fast enough, enough for sb to do sth eg： The job is easy enough for me to do. not, enough to do The book isn t easy enough for me to

9、 read.too, to,The book is too difficult for me to read.50, that,The book is so difficult that I can t read.28 the next day 第二天29 remember/ forget+to do 要做+doing 做過30 Stop sb from doing sth 阻止Stop to do 停下來去做其他事Stop doing 停止正在做的事31 another two hours=two more hours32 at the top of 在 , 頂端名列 , 之前 強調點on

10、the top of 在 , 上面強調面33 find out 查明弄清find 找到（結果） look for 尋找（過程）34 go on with/ doing sth 繼續原來的事go on to do sth 繼續做別的事35 so +adj +that + 結果狀語從句“如此 , 以致 , ”eg： I was so busy that I didn t go to sleep for 3 days.so that 引導目的狀語從句以便為了（ in order to ）eg： they got up early so that they could catch the early

11、bus.so +adj + （ a/ an+n 單數）that It is so important a meeting that I can t miss it.such+ a/ an+ adj + n 單數 +that It is such an important meeting that I can t miss it.such+ adj+n 復數/不可數+thatUnit 2 How often do you exercise？1 How 如何（方式）how long 多長（時間）答語常用“ （For/ about +）時間段”how far 多遠（距離）答語常用"（It

12、'+s 數詞 + miles/ meters/ kilometershow often多久一次（頻率）答語常用" Always/ often/ every day/ "或"次數+時間” 等表頻率的狀語How soon 多快，多久以后，常用在將來時中。答語常用“ in +時間段”how many 多少（接可數名詞） how much （接不可數名詞）2， exercise 作 v 鍛煉，運動作 c 操，練習 do morning/ eye exercises作 uc 鍛煉 take much/ more exercise3, at+鐘點 at 7 o 

13、9;clockat noon/ at night （during/ in the day ） at this/ that time at the age ofon+ 具體某天、星期、特指的一天、紀念日、節日on April 1 st on Sunday on a cold winter morning on Teachers Dayin +上午、下午、晚上、年、月、季節、年代、世紀in the morning/ afternoon/ eveningin 1999 in August in autumn in 1960s in the 21 st century4， help sb （ to ）

14、 do sthhelp sb with sthwith sb s help= with the help of sb5， do（ the） housework= do chores6，頻度副詞（行前be 后）Always usually often sometimes seldom hardly never7， sometimes 有時（頻度副詞） sometime （將來）有朝一日， （曾經）某天Some times 幾次，幾倍some time 一段時間（前面用介詞 for ）8， go shopping= do some shopping9， once twice three times

15、10， at once， right now ， right away ， in a minute ， in a moment， in no time 立刻，馬上once more 再一次，重新once upon a time 從前，曾經11， every day 每天 everyday 日常的，每天的12， on the internet13， what s your favorite program ？ =what program do you like best ？14， free 空閑的in one s free time be free自由的as free as a fishfree

16、dom n. 自由免費的 The best things in life are free.15， be full =be busy 忙的 be busy doing sth/ be busy with sthbe full of 充滿eg： The bottle is full of milk.16， How come ？怎么會？為什么？17， may be 為情態動詞 +動詞原形，在句子中做謂語， maybe 是副詞，表示可能，大概，一般放在句首（perhaps）。18， stay up doing sth 熬夜做某事19， stay/ keep healthy20， at least=n

17、o less than21， ask sb about sth22， the result of, 的結果be in good/ bad/ poor health be good/ bad for one s health at most=no more thanask sb（ not ） to do sth ask sb for help/ advice/ information as a result 結果23， be surprised that/ be surprised at/ be surprised to do 對 , 很驚訝To one s surprise 另某人驚訝的是in

18、 surprise 驚訝地24， the answer to the question ， a key to the door， a ticket to the ball game 25， although=though （與 but 不能連用）Even though/ if 即使，盡管as though/ if 仿佛，好像26， by 介詞 +n/ v-ing/ 代詞 通過 , 方式by oneself 獨自地 by the way 順便問 /說一下 by chance/ accident 偶然地by mistake 錯誤地 learn by heart 記住27， the best way

19、/ time to do 做某事最好的方式/時間28, 4個花費：人 +spend/ spends/ spent+時間/錢 + （in） doing sth/ on sth spend time with sb 人+pay/ pays/ paid + 錢+for sthIt takes/ took sb + 時間 +to do sth物 +cost/ costs/ cost +sb +錢29, die v.死亡，消失 died過去式dead adj 死亡的，無生命的 dead dog have/ has been dead for, =died , agodyingadj 垂死的，快死的dea

20、thn 死亡the death of,30， before it s too late 趁來得及31， “數字 +percent of+ n ”作主語，謂語動詞取決于 nEg ： Twenty percent of the students exercise every day.Twenty percent of time passes.32， no one =nobody 指人，回答who ， anyone， anybody 的提問None指人或物，可接 of短語，（all>3）回答how many/ much, any,及有特定范圍（ which ）的提問nothing 指物，回答w

21、hat ， anything 的提問Unit 3 I m more outgoing than my sister.1，比較級，最高級變化規則一般在詞尾+ er或est;以e結尾的加r或st;重讀閉音節雙寫輔音字母+ er或est;輔音字母+y結尾的，改y為i+ er或est;多音節詞和部分雙音節詞，力口 more或most。不規則變化見書本P1142，比較級用法基本句型：主語+be+比較級+than+比較對象兩者相比較用比較級 eg： Who do you think is more outgoing ， Lily or Lucy ？Very, more, quite, so, too 等修

22、飾原級；much, a little , a lot, a bit, far , even等修飾比較級eg： I m much/ a little / a lot / a bit /farmore outgoing than my sister.I m even worse now.不能與人或事物自身相比較eg： He is taller than any other student in his class.China is larger than any country in Africa.比較對象要一致（that代替不可數名詞，those代替可數名詞復數，所有格，ones）eg： The

23、 weather in Harbin is much colder than that in Wuhan.The students of Class One study harder than those of Class Two.My bike is newer than Tom s.比較級中出現 of the two/ twins結構時，adj比較級前要+the,不可用thanEg ： Tom is the taller of the two brothers.“ get/ become+ 比較級 +and + 比較級”表示“變得越來越, ” (多音節或部分雙音節用 “more and m

24、ore+原級)Eg: It gets warmer and warmer when spring comes.You re getting more and more beautiful.“ the+ 比較級 ,the+ 比較級, ”表示“越 , 就越 , ”Eg: The more you exercise, the stronger you will be.“As, as”中間接原級，表示“與，一樣”，否定為“ not as/ so, as”表示“不如”Eg: He is as tall as his father.He is not as/ so tall as his father.“

25、比較級+than” (more/ less + 原級+than)與“not as/ so, as”可以互換Eg: I m taller than you.You re shorter than me.You re not as/ so tall as me.比 , 大 /多/長/寬幾倍用“主語Chinese is more important than Biology.Biology is less important than ChineseBiology is not as/ so important as Chinese+be+, times+ 比較級 +than+ 比較對象”Eg: O

26、ur classroom is twice larger than yours.重幾斤，高幾公分，大幾歲 ，用“主語+be+數量詞+比較級+than+比較對象”Eg: I m six years older than you.3, loudly 大聲地響亮地（多含噪音之意）aloud 大聲地出聲地（強調出聲） read aloud call aloud for helploud 大聲地高聲地常與speak shout laugh talk 連用響亮的大聲的 loud voice4, fast 強調速度快run/ drive fastquickly 強調動作、行動快soon 強調時間間隔短5,

27、competition 體育書法朗讀音樂等比賽match 體育競技比賽球類比賽race 速度方面的競賽賽跑賽龍舟等6, win+ 比賽獎項beat+人，團隊7, ago 以前用于一般過去時放在一段時間后before 在 , 以前通常用于完成時放在時間點或事件之前8, the same a尹be different from be similar to =be like9, be good at+ V-ing=do well in 擅長于be good for 對 , 有益 （ be bad for 對 , 有害）be good to 對 , 友好 （ good 可用 friendly nice

28、 kind 替換）be good with 和 , 相處好 =get on/ along well with10, true/ truly 指故事、說法、答案等與標準事實、實際情況相符real/ really 指人或事客觀存在不是想象的11, take care of=look after 照顧care for照料、關心某人，喜歡某人、某物care about關心，計較，在乎12, make sb do sthmake sb/ sth +adj make me happymake sb +n.We made him monitor.make sb + 過去分詞She spoke aloud t

29、o make herself heard.make it約定時間，做成某事，及時抵達 Let s make it at 10:00.Don't worry. He 'll make it.13, both位置：行前be后both of them/ us=they/ we bothboth作主語，謂語動詞用復數not both為部分否定，全部否定要用either, not或者neitherboth, and, =not only, but （also）, 否定為： neither, nor14, be popular with sb受某人歡迎be popular in/ at在某

30、地受歡迎15, it is +adj+for sb +to do sth （adj 修飾 to do sth） It is important for me to learn English. it is +adj+of sb +to do sth （adj 修飾 sb） It is kind/ friendly/ nice of you to help me.16, bring out使顯現出17, share sth with sb 和某人分享18, other "其他的，另外的“，后接名詞復數，有時other+n復數=others another "又一（個），另一（

31、個）"，泛指總數為三個或三個以上中的任意一個，后接名詞單數。the other "（兩者中的）另一個“，常與one連用，“one, the other,"表示"一個，另 一個,”19, heart learn sth by heart 用心記 lose heart 灰心20, break the law/ rules/ world record 違法 /違規 /打破世界紀錄 Break off 打斷 break away from 擺脫，脫離 break into 破門而入break in 插嘴Break down 出故障 break out 爆發 br

32、eak up 散火 break one's words 食言 Have a break/ rest 休息會兒21, laugh 發笑 laugh at 嘲笑Smile微笑 smile at,微笑22,定語從句：在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞。引導定語從句的詞稱為關系詞。關系詞位于先行詞和定語從句之間，起聯系作用，同時又作定語從句的一個成分。定語從句的關系詞引導定語的關系代詞有：that, who （whom, whose）, which;關系副詞（在定語從句中只能作狀語，且不能省略）有：when, where, why等。關系詞的選擇主要

33、取決于兩個因素：（1）先行詞是什么（2）先行詞在定語從句中作什么成分。關系代詞（that, who, which , whose, whom）引導的定語從句。that/ who在從句中作主語，先行詞為人。Eg : The girl that/ who is reading is my sister.that/ which在從句中作主語或賓語，先行詞為物。Eg : The book that/ which is on the desk belongs to Tom.（主）He came back for the book that/ which he had forgotten.(賓)whose

34、在從句中作定語，先行詞為人或物。Eg : This is the pencil whose point is broken.That is the girl whose mother died two years ago.whom/that在從句中作賓語，先行詞為人。Eg : The girl whom/ that I spoke to is my cousin.關系副詞(when/ where/ why)引導的定語從句。When在從句中作時間狀語，其先彳亍局是表示時間的詞( day/ year/ season等)。例如：我永遠不會忘記我入團的那一天。I shall never forget

35、the day I joined the League.解放軍戰士在人們最需要的時刻來到。The PLA men come at the time the people need them most.Where在定語從句中作地點狀語，其先行詞是表示地點的詞( place/ town/ home/ house) 例如：你還記得我們初次見面的地方嗎？Do you still remember the place we first met?近來你去過你成長的小城嗎？Have you been to the town you grew up recently?Why在從句中作原因狀語，其先行詞是rea

36、son。例如：沒有人知道他為什么上學總遲到。Nobody knows the reason he is often late for school23, call sb at +電話號碼24, information【UC】通過學習、閱讀、觀察等得到的信息、情報、資料(側重內容) news UC廣播、電視等報道的新聞、消息(強調新鮮、及時) a piece of news message C 口信、短信、信息(強調傳遞) take a message for sbleave a message to sb25, who do you think should get the job ? =in

37、 your opinion , who should get the job ?Unit 4 What's the best movie theate r1,最高級的用法 用于三者或三者以上的比較eg: Which do you like best , Chinese, Math or English ?"one of+最高級+n.復數"表示"最，之一"Eg: Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century.“the +序數詞+最高級+n.單數+范圍”表示“在，范圍內，是第幾，”Eg: Hai

38、nan is the second largest island in China. 先行詞被最高級或序數詞修飾，只能用 that引導定語從句Eg: My cousin is the funniest person (that) I know.This is the first letter (that) I received from my sister. Of all +n.復數；of the + 數(> 3) + n.復數；in/ at+地點2, Comfort v.使舒適，安慰comfortable adj. 舒適的( - uncomfortable)comfortably ad

39、v.舒適地3, Voice嗓音(說話聲、歌聲、笑聲、鳥鳴聲) in a low voice小聲地Noise雜音Sound任何可以聽到的聲音4, be close to 靠近5， choose-chose choose from 從 , 中選擇 choose to do sth 選擇做某事6， Can I ask you some/ a few questions?7, Welcome to+地點8， So far= until now= up to now 至今為止9， Around/ near here= in the neighborhood10， thanks for +n/ V-ing

40、Thanks for your help/ thanks for helping me.Thanks for your invitation/ thanks for inviting/ asking me. Thank you/ Thanks No problem/ You re welcome/ That s all right/ Not at all/ It s a pleasure/ My pleasure/ That s OK.11, talent n.天資，才能 talented adj.有天賦的 （funtalented）Have a talent for （doing） sth.

41、 對（做）某事有天賦12， around the world= all over the world13， have, in common 有相同特征in common with 同 , 一樣14， Kind of 相當于副詞，修飾形容詞或副詞，意為“稍微，有點” ，與 a little/ bit 相近A kind of 意為“一種” ， some kinds of 意為“幾種” ， different kinds of 意為“不同種類的” ， all kinds of 意為“各種各樣的” 。這里的 kind 是“種，類，屬”的意思。15， and so on 等等16， be up to 是

42、 , 的職責，由 , 決定 be up to sb to do sth 應由某人做某事17， play a role/ part in doing sth 在, 中扮演角色，在 , 中發揮作用，有影響18， 部分否定： all ， both， everyone， everybody ， everything ， everywhere ， every， each， always 等與 not 連用表示部分否定。全 部 否 定 ： all none ， both neither ， everyone no one/ nobody/ not anyone ， everything nothing/

43、not anything ， every no， always never19， make up 編造（故事、謊言）20, take seriously 認真對待21， for example 例如 follow the example of , 以 , 為榜樣give an example 舉例 set anexample to給,樹立榜樣 such as例如22， come true23， finish+ n/ v-ing24， crowd v. 擁擠 eg： They crowd into the room.n.人群 eg： There was a big crowd at the fo

44、otball match.A crowd of students are waiting for the busCrowded adj. 擁擠的Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show？1， 不定式做賓語： want/ hope/ expect/ plan to do2， Learn, from 從 , 學習 learn sth by heart 熟記 learn sth by oneself 自學3， Plan to do sth/ plan on sth 計劃、打算做某事Plan for sth 考慮到某事make a plan for, 為 , 制定

45、計劃4， Hope to do/ hope that 希望 （沒有 hope sb to do 的表達）I hope so/ I hope not5， Happen to sb/ sth 某人 /物發生不幸的事eg ： What happened to him ？Happen to do/ it happens that 碰巧Happen偶然發生take place事先安排的、人為的發生6， Expect （sb） to do/ expect that 期待7, One day某天 （過去、斗哥來）some day 某天 （斗哥來）the other day=a few days ago 前幾

46、天8, Mean v.意味著（三單為 means）Means n.方法、工具、手段 by means ofMeaning n. 意義、含義the meaning ofMeaningless adj. 毫無意義的9， Mind v. 介意 would/ do you mind （one s）（not） doing sth?I don t mind them.make up one s mind 下決心change one s mind 改變主意 never mind 沒關系、不必擔心keep in one s mind 記住10， think of 認為、想起think about 認為、考慮t

47、hink over 仔細考慮11, be famous for因為，而著名 be famous as作為，而著名12, appear v.出現（disappear消失） appearance n.出現、露面、夕卜表13， come out 出版、發表，出來，開花14, succeed v成功 succeed in （doing） sth 成功地做某事Success n 成功Successful adj. 成功的 be successful in （doing） sth 成功地做某事Successfully adv. 成功地15, reason結論性原因cause起因 excuse借口16, danger n.危險 be in great danger處于極大危險中out of danger脫離危險endanger v. 使遭遇危險，危及dangerous adj.危險的endangered adj.有滅絕危險的17, luck n.運氣lucky adj.幸運的（-unlucky 不幸的）一luckily adv.幸運地18, be ready to do sth 愿意做某事get ready to do sth 準備去做某事get ready for