1、.句子種類真題再現(xiàn)1He is a shy man, _he is not afraid of anything or anyone. A. so B. but C. or D. as2. I wonder_ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.By working out every day. A. where B. how C. why D. if3. You have to move out of the way _ the truck cannot get past you.A. so B. or C. and D. but4.

2、 At school, some students are active _ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.A. while B. although C. so D. as5. _ at the door before you enter my room, please.A. Knock B. Knocking C. Knocked D. To knock6. Jane wont join us for dinner tonight and_. A. neither wont Tom B. Tom won

3、t either C. Tom will too D. so will Tom7. The young man couldnt afford a new car. _, he bought a used one. A. Besides B. Otherwise C. Instead D. Still8. Bring the flowers into a warm room theyll soon open.A. or B. and C. but D. for9.Someone wants you on the phone. nobody knows I am here. A. Although

4、 B. And C. But D. So答案與解析1. B。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)判斷此題考察連詞，翻譯前后兩句的含義，應(yīng)該是轉(zhuǎn)折2. B。考察主從復(fù)合句中的賓語(yǔ)從句。句中I是主語(yǔ)，wonder是謂語(yǔ)，how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句在整個(gè)句子中做賓語(yǔ)。連接副詞how是賓語(yǔ)從句中的方式狀語(yǔ)。句子是用表示方式的介詞by答復(fù)的，所以是針對(duì)方式題提問的，故用how。3. B。此處or表示“否那么。句意：你必須躲開，否那么卡車過不去。4. A。題干句意為：在學(xué)校，一些學(xué)生很活潑而一些卻很害羞，然而他們都可能彼此成為好朋友。根據(jù)句意選while，表示兩個(gè)分句中兩種情況的比照。5. A。縱觀題干，before后引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

5、，因此before前面為一個(gè)完好的單句，用動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成祈使句。6. B。題干中有并列連詞and，并且根據(jù)句意，空格處表示“這種情況也適用于湯姆，前一個(gè)分句為否認(rèn)形式，假如用倒裝形式，須用neither will Tom，否那么選擇B，表達(dá)同樣的意義。7. C。題干中為兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的單句，需要填入C項(xiàng)才符合邏輯。8. B。空格前后為獨(dú)立的句子，根據(jù)前后句的邏輯，需要填入and構(gòu)成“祈使句+and+將來(lái)時(shí)句型。9. C。此題的答語(yǔ)是承接第一句話而來(lái)，并且和第一句話構(gòu)成的語(yǔ)境形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，填入并列連詞but。知識(shí)講解英語(yǔ)中的句子按交際用處分為：陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感慨句、THERE-BE存在句陳述句

6、陳述句說(shuō)明一個(gè)事實(shí)或陳述一個(gè)看法，有肯定式和否認(rèn)式，語(yǔ)序是主語(yǔ)在前謂語(yǔ)在后。She arrived early. He is six years old.She cannot have arrived now.She didnt hear of you before.半否認(rèn)句：在英語(yǔ)中，有些單詞如seldom, scarcely, hardly, little, few, barely等，都含有否認(rèn)意義，其所表達(dá)的否認(rèn)意義，很接近never, not, no, none等詞，不過語(yǔ)氣較弱，而且在否認(rèn)意義上留有余地，不像never, not, no, none等詞絕對(duì)。由半否認(rèn)式表示的否認(rèn)句稱為

7、“半否認(rèn)句或準(zhǔn)否認(rèn)句。I hardly know anything about it.部分否認(rèn)句：當(dāng)句子中出現(xiàn)表示全部概念的詞，如all全體，both兩者，every每個(gè)，everybody每個(gè)人，everything每件事，everywhere每個(gè)地方，always常常，altogether全體，entirely全部，wholly全部等，假如用not否認(rèn)這些詞就使句子產(chǎn)生部分否認(rèn)，表示“不都，并非都的部分否認(rèn)意義。All that glitters is not gold. A man of learning is not always a man of wisdom.I dont like

8、 both the films.some用于否認(rèn)句的四種場(chǎng)合：1. 用于部分否認(rèn)的句子中。 I do not like any of the films. 這些電影中我一部也不喜歡。I dont like some of the films. 這些電影中的某一些我不喜歡。I dont like some one of the films. 這些電影中某一部我不喜歡。2. 用于否認(rèn)句，但在否認(rèn)范圍之外。 Some of the students didnt see the film. 其中有些學(xué)生沒有看這部電影。3. 用于否認(rèn)句表示特別的強(qiáng)調(diào)。如：All of you must pay, not

9、 just some. 你們所有人都必須付錢，而不只是一些人付錢。4. 用于否認(rèn)句介詞without之后。如：There is no fire without some smoke. 有火就有煙。注：假設(shè)在without后用any，那么所表示的語(yǔ)氣很強(qiáng)，含有“沒有任何“沒有一點(diǎn)兒之意。 He came without any money. 他來(lái)時(shí)身無(wú)分文 全否認(rèn)句：用either，never，no，no one，nobody，none，neither.nor，nor，not，nothing，no way，nowhere等否認(rèn)詞引導(dǎo)的句子。I like neither Cathy nor Mar

10、y. 全部否認(rèn)句雙重否認(rèn)雙重否認(rèn)的結(jié)果是肯定的。 There was no one who did not feel sympathy for the victims of the accident.沒有人不同情那位意外的犧牲者。never.without.型雙重否認(rèn)，其意為：沒有決不；要一定會(huì)The dog never crosses a street without stopping at the curb 路邊.雙重否認(rèn)用于表示肯定的內(nèi)容時(shí)，因形式上仍屬否認(rèn)句，所以附加問句為肯定形。 No Japanese breakfast is complete without misosoup味噌

11、湯, is it?否認(rèn)轉(zhuǎn)移：最常見的否認(rèn)轉(zhuǎn)移情況是，在表示“看法的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞上的否認(rèn)形式，語(yǔ)義上卻是否認(rèn)后面的賓語(yǔ)從句。此類動(dòng)詞有think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, anticipate, fancy, consider, find 感到, guess, be supposed to, figure等。I dont believe Ive met you before. 我認(rèn)為我沒有見過你。I dont think you will be late. 我認(rèn)為你不會(huì)遲到。I dont suppose he cares, does he? 我看他不在乎

12、，對(duì)吧？He doesnt expect we need worry. 他認(rèn)為我們不必著急。一些表示否認(rèn)含義的短語(yǔ):anything but 決不 =notat allfar from 完全不 fail to 無(wú)法 =do not, cannottooto 太，以致無(wú)法the last+名詞+to不定式關(guān)系代詞從句; 最不much still less 更別提know better than to 還沒笨到but in vain 但卻無(wú)法辦到more than 無(wú)法be above 是之力所不能及，無(wú)法be free from 沒有，不疑問句疑問句分為一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句、反意疑

13、問句。一般疑問句 一般疑問句用來(lái)詢問一件事，這類問句一般由助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或be動(dòng)詞開頭，答案通常是yes或no，也有用其他形式答復(fù)的。Do they like skating？Have you anything to say? Did someone phone me last night?Havent you been to the UK?I dont know.一般疑問句也有用否認(rèn)形式開頭的，它一般都傳達(dá)某種情緒，如責(zé)難、驚奇或贊嘆等。在答復(fù)這種疑問句時(shí)要注意，假設(shè)答復(fù)是肯定的，要用no，否那么用yes。Cant you understand it? No, I cant.Isnt it

14、 a beautiful lake?特殊疑問句 特殊疑問詞有who, whose, what, which, where, when, why, how等。假如疑問詞作主語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)，即對(duì)主語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)提問，其語(yǔ)序是陳述句的語(yǔ)序：疑問詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞其他成分。Who was the first man in space?對(duì)句子的其他部分提問用倒裝語(yǔ)序。 Who are you talking about?How old is he？特殊疑問句還有一些簡(jiǎn)單形式，即省略句子的某些成分，例如：Why not go alone? Why get so angry? How/What about ta

15、king a rest?復(fù)雜特殊疑問句：What do you think he has done? 選擇疑問句選擇疑問句提出兩種或兩種以上的答案以供選擇，看哪一種是正確的。以一般疑問句為根底：Is he six or seven years old？Is he a teacher or a doctor or a policeman? Shall I help you or can you manage?以特殊疑問句為根底：Which do you prefer, red wine or white wine? How shall we go there? By bus or by trai

16、n?反意疑問句反意疑問句由兩部分組成，前面是陳述句，后面是簡(jiǎn)短問句，假如前面是肯定句，后面一般為否認(rèn)句，假如前面是否認(rèn)句，那么后面為肯定問句。祈使句的反意疑問句：Close your books, will you?Dont forget to bring your notebook, will you?Let us go out for a walk, will you?Lets go out for a walk, shall we?含有推測(cè)語(yǔ)氣的句子的反意疑問句：You must have a lot of homework today, dont you?He cant be happ

17、y about it, is he?Mum must have heard about it, hasnt she?You must have stayed up late last night, didnt you?He couldnt have found the correct answer, has he?He must be waiting for you outside, isnt he?It must have rained last night, didnt it?He must have finished his homework, hasnt he?含有賓語(yǔ)從句的反意疑問句

18、：He said he could come and help me when I had trouble, didnt he?He didnt believe they should say such a thing to him, did he?主句主語(yǔ)是第一人稱如今時(shí)，動(dòng)詞為think, guess, suppose, believe, expect等詞時(shí)：He thinks he is right, doesnt he?I think he is right, isnt he?I dont think/believe/suppose/expect/imagine he is right

19、, is he?Everyone/everybody/someone/somebody went there, didnt they?No one/nobody went there, did they?Everything, anything, to do, doing, that he does it, this, that is right, isnt it? Nothing is right, is it?Everything is going on well, isnt it?These/Those are your books, arent they?含否認(rèn)副詞never, har

20、dly和否認(rèn)前綴的反意疑問句：He never likes you, does he?He dislikes you, doesnt he?They seldom went out, did they?They are unable to go out, arent they?He has a book, doesnt he/hasnt he?He has to buy a book, doesnt he?“used to do的反意疑問句： He used to get up early, didnt he?He used to get up early, usednt he?Im tire

21、d, arent I?對(duì)反意疑問句的答復(fù)：Yes后跟肯定句，No 后面跟否認(rèn)句。You dont care about it, do you?Yes, I do. No, I dont. It is none of my business.Dont forget to bring your homework.No, I wont.祈使句 祈使句是表達(dá)命令、要求、懇求、勸告等的句子，通常省略主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形放在句首。Be quiet, please. Dont make any noise!有時(shí)，為了指明是向誰(shuí)發(fā)出命令或提出懇求，可以帶上主語(yǔ)。You call a taxi. Dont yo

22、u forget it.Be quiet, boys. Dont talk in class.“No ing形式開頭的祈使句表示“制止、不準(zhǔn)。No parking!No littering!還有一些祈使句中沒有動(dòng)詞。Away with him!Off with your coat!Not so fast!帶第一、三人稱的祈使句 Let me try again. Lets go. Let us go.Lets not say anything about it. /Dont lets say 祈使句加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣：Do be careful of my broken leg. Do let me h

23、ave another try. 感慨句 感慨句指的就是用以表示喜怒哀樂等強(qiáng)烈感情的句子。 Wonderful! 真棒!Good heavens! 天哪!英語(yǔ)的感慨句通常以how和what開頭，其中what修飾名詞，how 修飾形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞。 1. What +名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！What a surprise! 真是沒料到的事!What fools they are! 他們多傻啊!2. What+形容詞+名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！What a fine day! 多好的天氣呀!What a slow train this is! 這列火車開得多慢呀!注意：以上兩條中，假如是單數(shù)名詞，其前必需要有

24、不定冠詞；假如是不可數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞，那么其前不用不定冠詞。3.How+形容詞或副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！How nice! 多好呀!How beautiful the city is! 這座城市多么美麗！4. How +形容詞+ a +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！How tall a boy he is! 他是一個(gè)多高的孩子啊!How interesting a story it is! 這是個(gè)多有趣的故事啊！注意：這類構(gòu)造中的名詞必須是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，不能是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，也不能是不可數(shù)名詞，且名詞前的不定冠詞不能省略。5. How +主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！How he worked! 他多么肯干啊!How I mi

25、ssed you! 我多么想念你啊!How he wished for a drink! 他多希望能有點(diǎn)東西喝!這類感慨句可為how的面省略了一個(gè)不言而喻的副詞。第一句可視為在how之后省略了副詞hard，第二、三句可視為在how之后省略了副詞much。“THERE-BE存在句的詳細(xì)用法見知識(shí)導(dǎo)學(xué)“句子成分及簡(jiǎn)單句根本句型按構(gòu)造分，句子可分為簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句、復(fù)合句、并列復(fù)合句簡(jiǎn)單句 假如句子只包含一個(gè)主語(yǔ)或并列主語(yǔ)和一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)或并列謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)造，而句子各個(gè)成分都只由單詞或短語(yǔ)表示，它就是簡(jiǎn)單句。Blue and white make light blue.The train left late th

26、at night and arrived at dawn the next morning.He often reads English in the morning.Tom and Mike are Americans.All roads lead to Rome. Is he a superman?He got up, dressed quickly, washed himself and went out.Dont be shy. The man dressed in black seems to be a spy.并列句 并列句包含兩個(gè)或更多互相獨(dú)立的主謂構(gòu)造，分句由并列連詞來(lái)連接。表

27、示連接兩個(gè)同等概念，常用and, not onlybut also, neithernor, 等連接。The teachers name is Smith, and the students name is John. Government make laws and the police enforce them.并列句表示選擇關(guān)系，常用的連詞有or, eitheror, otherwise等。Hurry up, or youll miss the train.并列句表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，常用的連詞有but, still, however, yet, while, when等。He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively 并列句表示因果關(guān)系，常用的連詞有so, for, therefore等。It was too late for me to arrive home that night, so I decided to live in a hotel.主從復(fù)合句 復(fù)合句含有兩個(gè)或兩