1、襄陽一中 高二年級 導學提綱 英語必修五 編寫：秦訓學 審核：何冬琴 使用時間 姓名： 考號： Book5 Unit4 Period4 Grammar 1.學習目標 系統復習不定式的用法。 2.學法指導 在老師的指導下觀看課件完成練習， 學生先認真閱讀道學提綱，并以小組為單位研討重難點，核對 答案，總結規律。 知識鏈接： 在英語中，主語和謂語的語序通常是主語在前，謂語在后。但有時謂語的全部或者一部 分（通常是助動詞或情態動詞）卻提到主語的前面，這種語序叫做“倒裝”。分類：1).全部倒裝; 2).部分倒裝; 3).特殊倒裝句式， 寫出不定式在句中的成分。 1.To do that sort of

2、 thing is foolish. （ ） 主語 2. I want to see you this evening. （ ） 賓語 3. All you have to do is to finish it quickly. （ ） 表語 4.We found a house to live in. （ ） 定語 5.She came here to study English. （ ） 狀語 6.I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation. （ ） 賓補3. 解析 不定式或不定式短語可起名詞，形容詞和副詞的

3、作用，在句中做主語，賓語，表語，定語，狀語和賓語 補足語。一、不定式的功能 1.主語：不定式做主語時，可以直接放在謂語動詞之前。 eg: To make a new dress takes her a lot of time. Not to get there in time is your fault. 注：常用it做形式主語，將to do放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。 2.做表語：主語+系動詞+不定式 eg: My wish is to be a scientist. The main thing is to keep our room clean. The house is to let

4、. She is to return next week. It was about to leave when it started to rain. 3.做定語: eg: I have a lot of work to do. Give me a piece of paper to write on. She is the best person to finish the work. There is no need for him to come. He has no time to read the book. 4.做狀語:目的、結果、原因 eg: He stopped to hav

5、e a look.目的 He ran so fast as to get to school in time.目的 The question is too difficult to answer.結果 They worked hard enough to finish their work.結果 Im very sorry to see you.原因 He was afraid to leave him home.原因5.做賓語: 不定式做賓語的情況，一般表示將來的行為,這時謂語和不定式的動作都是主語發出的. eg. He wanted to buy a set of furniture. I

6、 find it worthwhile to study Politics.6.做賓補(與賓語之間的關系實際上是邏輯上的主謂關系) eg.He saked me to develop a new software with him. The officer ordered his soliders to move on.7.獨立成分。to tell the truth 、to be frank等常用作插入語 eg.To tell the truth, I don't agree with you.8.不定式與wh-、how連用在句中做主語，表語，賓語 eg How to solve t

7、he problm is very important. I don't know how to say. The question is when to start the meeting. 二、不定式的形式 時態: 三態 to do/ to be doing/ to have done1.一般式表示的動作通常與句中謂語動作同時或在其后發生（被動 to be done) eg: We saw him go to the shop. I plan to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.2.進行式表示不定式的動作正在進行. eg: He pr

8、etended to be working hard.3.完成式表示不定式動作在謂語動作/狀態前發生.(被動 to have been done) eg: Im glad to have seen your mother. No harm seems to have been done. 三、動詞不定式to的幾種常見省略 1.感官動詞和使役動詞在主動語態中不需要帶to，即我們常說的“一覺二聽三讓五看”：feel、listen to 、 hear 、let、make、have、see、watch、notice、observe、look at. eg. He noticed Tom take a

9、branch of flowers in his hand. The teacher has us write a composition every week. The person was seen to enter the shop by us . (被動語態） 2.在had better，would rather，rather than之后省略to。 eg.You'd better not tell him the news . Rather than wait anyone, I decided to go home by taxi. 3由 all， what 引導

10、的主語從句或者主語被only, first, one, least 或形容詞最高級修飾時，而且從句中含 有do時，其表語如果是動詞不定式，則往往省去to。 eg.All I did was empty the bottle. What I wanted to do was drive all night.4.常用的結構may well do，may as well do (還是好了)及but或except后接不定式時，如果它們前面 有實義動詞do便可省略to。 eg.We might as well put up here for tonight. There is nothing he co

11、uld do but play all day long。 I had no choice but to give up.（無實義動詞do） 5在had better，would rather，rather than之后省略to。 eg.You'd better not tell him the news . Rather than wait anyone, I decided to go home by taxi. 6.不定式做help后的賓語補足語或賓語時，可帶to也可不帶。 eg. Can I help（to）carry it for you? I helped him（to）m

12、end the bike. 四、不定式小品詞to和介詞to 1.下列to為不定的小品詞，后接動詞原形：be about to,have to,ought to,tooto,in order to,used to等。 Eg .You ought to follow your father's advice. 2.下列to為介詞，后接名詞、代詞或V-ing形式：pay attention to,look forward to,be/get used to(習慣于),lead to,stick to,belong to,devote oneself to等。如： Eg. I'm lo

13、oking forward to seeing you again. 五、不定式的主動形式表被動含義 eg.I want to have something to read. I need a pen to write with. What to do next has not been decided. The car is to let. 問題記錄 _ _ 自測試題 1.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier _ it more difficult. (MET99) A. not make B. not to make

14、C. not making D. do not make 2. Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job. (NMET2000) A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects 3.Charles Babbage is generally considered _the first computer. (MET1998) A.to invent B. inventing C. to have invented C. having invented

15、4.Allen had to call a taxi because the box was much too heavy _ all the way home. A. to carry B. carrying C. to be carried D. Carried 5.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. (NMET95) A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 6.Little Jim should love _ to

16、 the theatre this evening. (MET 97) A.to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking 7.There are five pairs _,but Im at a loss which to buy.(1999上海高考) A.to be chosen    B. to choose from  C. to choose  D. for choosing 8._late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm. (2001年北京春

17、季高考) A. To sleep  B. Sleeping  C. Sleep  D. Having sleep 9.With a lot of difficult problems _,the newly-elected president is having a hard time. A.settled B. settling C.to settle D. being settled 10. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role_in making the e

18、arth a better place to live. (2003上海春季高考) A.to have played B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing 11. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state run companies are trying _their products more competitive. ( 2002上海春季高考) A.to make B. making C. to have made D.having mad

19、e 12. The teacher asked us_so much noise. (2003北京春季高考) A.don't make B. not make C. not making D. not to make 13. I _ you the exciting news, but you were not at home. A. meant telling B. meant to tellC. meant to having told D. meant to telling 14. Tom kept quiet about the accident _ lose his job.

20、 A. so not as to B. so as not to C. so as to not D. not so as to 15. My friend, David, was not used _ by air, so he felt unwell. A. to travel B. to traveling C. traveling D. travel 16. When I went out it happened _. A. to rain B. rain C. to be raining D. raining 17. I felt it an honour _ to speak he

21、re. A. asking B. having asked C. to ask D. to be asked 18. No matter how busy he is, he _ at least 15 minutes a day. A. makes a rule read B. makes a rule reading C. makes it a rule read D. makes it a rule to read 19. If Mary doesnt come to work on time, she may be fired. Surely she is not so foolish

22、 _ it. A. as not to realize B. not as to realize C. that she didnt realizeD. as not realizing 20.I ought to _ him the news, but I forgot to do so. A. remember to tellB. remember telling C. have remembered to tell D. have remembered telling 當堂檢測 用括號里詞的正確形式填空。 1. Mary is always the first student _(ans

23、wer) the teachers questions in class. to answer 2. Mum ,why do you always ask me to eat an egg every day? - _(get)enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up. to get 3.Would you be so kind as _(help)us out? -With pleasure. to help 4. Wet umbrellas are not allowed _(take) into this hotel accor

24、ding to the rule.to be taken 5. Robert is said _ _ (study)abroad, but I didnt know what country he studied in.to have studied 6. In Australia he made a lot of friends_ (get)a very practical knowledge of English. to get 7.You had better _ (have)your hair cut. have 8.The boy told his father that he wo

25、uld rather _ (become) an astronaut.become   9.Paul doesn't have to be made _. He always works hard.to learn 10. - I usually go there by train.     - Why not try _ (go)by boat for a change? going 11. He wants to do nothing but (go)out go. 12. He wants to believe anyth