1、MottoLesson 14Do you speak English?鄭州恩特英語鄭州恩特英語 Defoe listen to the tape write down what you heard as much as possible:Listen to the tape1. Sentence StructuresAs soon as he had got into the car, I said good morning to him in French and he replied in the same language. I had an amusing experience las

2、t year. After I had left a small village in the south of France, I drove on to the next town. On the way, a young man waved to me. I stopped and he asked me for a lift. As soon as he had got into the car, I said good morning to him in French and he replied in the same language. Apart from a few word

3、s, I do not know any French at all. Neither of us spoke during the journey. I had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, very slowly, Do you speak English? As I soon learnt, he was English himself!MottoThat man is the richest whose pleasure are the cheapest. Henry David Thoreau2.

4、 Notesamusing adj. 好笑的好笑的, 有趣的有趣的The story is amusing. (好笑的好笑的)amused adj. 感到好笑的感到好笑的(要笑出要笑出聲聲)amuse v. 使發(fā)笑，使愉快使發(fā)笑，使愉快The story amused me.funny adj. 好笑的好笑的(不一定要笑出不一定要笑出聲可以指貶義聲可以指貶義)，開心的，令人開心，開心的，令人開心的的interesting / funny storyexperience n. 經(jīng)歷經(jīng)歷(可數(shù)可數(shù))He has a lot of experiences. n. 經(jīng)驗(yàn)，體驗(yàn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，體驗(yàn)(不可數(shù)不可數(shù))

5、Does she have any experience in teaching? vt. 經(jīng)驗(yàn)，體驗(yàn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，體驗(yàn)The village has experienced great changes since 1980.experienced adj. 有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的wave v. 招手招手wave to sb. 向某人招手向某人招手lift n. 搭便車搭便車A give B a lift. 讓某人搭便車讓某人搭便車take a bus/taxi/lift 乘公共汽乘公共汽車車/乘出租汽車乘出租汽車/搭便車搭便車 B wants to take a lift. 某人想某人想搭便車搭便車thu

6、mb lift 拇指便車拇指便車(向過路車向過路車輛豎起拇指表示要求免費(fèi)搭車輛豎起拇指表示要求免費(fèi)搭車)reply v. 回答回答reply與與answer的區(qū)別：的區(qū)別： 作為不及物動(dòng)詞是一樣的作為不及物動(dòng)詞是一樣的 : 作為及物動(dòng)詞就不一樣了作為及物動(dòng)詞就不一樣了 : answer sth. answer the letter 回信回信reply to sth. I will reply to the letter. language n. 語言語言native language 母語母語mother tongue 母語母語(口口語中用語中用)My mother tongue is Chi

7、nese.journey n. 旅行旅行 所有的旅行，所有的旅行，偏重于陸地旅行偏重于陸地旅行g(shù)o on a journey3 days journey(三天路程三天路程)trip n. 短距離旅行或出差短距離旅行或出差(時(shí)間或距離上較短時(shí)間或距離上較短)go on a trip = go on businesstravel n. 周游周游(長(zhǎng)途旅行長(zhǎng)途旅行)tour n. 游玩游玩(為了玩為了玩)tourist n. 游客游客voyage n. 旅行旅行(海上海上)flight n. 空中飛行空中飛行【Text】After I had left a small village in the

8、south of France, I drove on to the next town.after引導(dǎo)的從句如果一個(gè)是過去時(shí)，引導(dǎo)的從句如果一個(gè)是過去時(shí)，一個(gè)是過去完成時(shí)，那一定是從句用一個(gè)是過去完成時(shí)，那一定是從句用過去完成時(shí)；過去完成時(shí)；before引導(dǎo)的從句表引導(dǎo)的從句表示示“在在之前之前”，主句發(fā)生在從句之，主句發(fā)生在從句之前前, 主句用過去完成時(shí)。主句用過去完成時(shí)。drive on 繼續(xù)開往繼續(xù)開往(on加在動(dòng)加在動(dòng)詞的后面表示繼續(xù)詞的后面表示繼續(xù))My heart will go on 副詞副詞on緊跟在動(dòng)詞后面時(shí)可以表示緊跟在動(dòng)詞后面時(shí)可以表示“向前向前”、“繼續(xù)下去繼續(xù)下去”

9、等意義：等意義：He talked on until everybody had gone. 表達(dá)方位的表達(dá)方式一共有表達(dá)方位的表達(dá)方式一共有3個(gè)介詞：個(gè)介詞：in(在在里面里面),on(接壤接壤)，to(沒有相接的沒有相接的, 是相離的是相離的)A is to the east of B (A B不相不相接接)A is on the east of B (A B接壤接壤)A is in the east of B (A在在B里面里面)On the way, a young man waved to me.on the way 在路上在路上, 在途在途中中wave to sb. 沖某人揮手沖某

10、人揮手As soon as he had got into the car, I said good morning to him in French and he replied in the same language.as soon as 一一就就，后一定要，后一定要加一個(gè)句子加一個(gè)句子(時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)間狀語從句), 強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作幾乎是連在一起的，動(dòng)作幾乎是連在一起的，“一一” 后面的后面的先發(fā)生。此狀語從句先發(fā)生。此狀語從句, 一旦遇到將來時(shí)一旦遇到將來時(shí), 變?yōu)橐话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí)As soon as you arrive, you must call me.表示用某種語

11、言作為交際手段時(shí)介詞表示用某種語言作為交際手段時(shí)介詞用用in，表示講某種語言時(shí)可以不加介，表示講某種語言時(shí)可以不加介詞。詞。I speak English.I say a word in Chinese.reply 要想加賓語要加要想加賓語要加 to (+要回答要回答的內(nèi)容的內(nèi)容)，而，而in the same language 在句中作狀語在句中作狀語, 不是不是replay所應(yīng)回答的問題所應(yīng)回答的問題(賓語賓語), 故用故用inApart from a few words, I do not know any French at all. apart from 除除以外以外not at a

12、ll一點(diǎn)都不，表強(qiáng)一點(diǎn)都不，表強(qiáng)調(diào)調(diào)I had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, very slowly, Do you speak English?nearly 將要將要when的翻譯要看具體情況的翻譯要看具體情況, 在這在這里譯為里譯為“就在此時(shí)就在此時(shí).Do you speak English? 你說你說英語嗎英語嗎? 你是說英語國(guó)家的人嗎你是說英語國(guó)家的人嗎?(問的是一個(gè)事實(shí)，不是問會(huì)說英語問的是一個(gè)事實(shí)，不是問會(huì)說英語嗎嗎)Do you swim? 你去游泳嗎你去游泳嗎?Can you swim? 你

13、會(huì)游泳嗎你會(huì)游泳嗎?As I soon learnt, he was English himself!I learn 我得知；我得知；I know 我知道我知道(我本來就知道我本來就知道)As+主語主語+V，從句，從句 (As my mother said/As I heard/ learnt) 正如正如himself反身代詞單獨(dú)放在句尾反身代詞單獨(dú)放在句尾, 起起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用強(qiáng)調(diào)作用I read English myself.【Key structures】 過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)：由：由had+過去分詞構(gòu)過去分詞構(gòu)成，過去完成時(shí)一定要以一個(gè)過去成，過去完成時(shí)一定要以一個(gè)過去時(shí)態(tài)作鋪墊時(shí)態(tài)作鋪墊,

14、 這個(gè)動(dòng)作一定要發(fā)生這個(gè)動(dòng)作一定要發(fā)生在在had done之后。之后。在用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)的句子中，常用在用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)的句子中，常用連詞連詞when，after，as soon as，until，by that time等。等。常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的副詞如常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的副詞如already，just，never，neverbefore也常與過去完成時(shí)也常與過去完成時(shí)連用，以強(qiáng)調(diào)事件發(fā)生的先后次序：連用，以強(qiáng)調(diào)事件發(fā)生的先后次序：I didnt know that she was a famous actress until you had told me.沒有明確的時(shí)間狀語時(shí)，通過上下沒有明

15、確的時(shí)間狀語時(shí)，通過上下文可以看出動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后。文可以看出動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后。【Special Difficulties】Ask與與Ask For：ask v. 問，詢問；請(qǐng)求，要求，邀請(qǐng)問，詢問；請(qǐng)求，要求，邀請(qǐng)ask a question/ask sb. 問問(一個(gè)一個(gè)問題問題)/問某人問某人I asked (Mary) a question.ask for 要，要求要，要求(某樣?xùn)|西某樣?xùn)|西)I asked for a cup of coffee, but they gave me a cup of tea.Except, Except for與與Apart from都表示都表示“除除以外

16、以外”，有時(shí)可互換，有時(shí)可互換，但但except不用于句首，不用于句首，except for和和apart from則可以。則可以。Everyone has helped in some way apart from/except for/except you.apart from習(xí)慣上喜歡放句首習(xí)慣上喜歡放句首, apart from=except/besides如果除了整體之外，還有這個(gè)人也做如果除了整體之外，還有這個(gè)人也做了了(包括包括)，是加號(hào)，是加號(hào)=besides；如果；如果除了整體之外，這個(gè)人沒有做除了整體之外，這個(gè)人沒有做(排除排除)，是減號(hào)是減號(hào)=except；若放句首，統(tǒng)一

17、若放句首，統(tǒng)一用用apart from代替代替except/besidesI invited everyone except George. /Except for George I invited everyone. (減號(hào)減號(hào))except forexcept for含有對(duì)整體中的某一含有對(duì)整體中的某一個(gè)方面不滿意，個(gè)方面不滿意，except for except for 可以可以不放在句首不放在句首, , 強(qiáng)調(diào)整體當(dāng)中某一強(qiáng)調(diào)整體當(dāng)中某一方面除外方面除外, , 剩下的整體都不錯(cuò)剩下的整體都不錯(cuò). .The article is very good except for The artic

18、le is very good except for his handwriting.his handwriting.Except for his height, he is very Except for his height, he is very excellent.excellent.Which ofWhich of，Either ofEither of，Neither ofNeither of與與Both ofBoth of上面這些短語都可用于指兩個(gè)上面這些短語都可用于指兩個(gè)人或兩件事人或兩件事either of either of 兩者當(dāng)中的任何一個(gè)兩者當(dāng)中的任何一個(gè)neither of of 兩者都不兩者都不which of which of 那一個(gè)那一個(gè)both of both of 兩者都兩者都 兩個(gè)或更多的人或事物中偏愛哪一兩個(gè)或更多的人或事物中偏愛哪一個(gè)或選擇哪一個(gè)時(shí)，可用個(gè)或選擇哪一個(gè)時(shí)，可用which .Which of the two do you prefer? either與與neither都是對(duì)兩個(gè)人或都是對(duì)兩個(gè)人或物而言物而言(后接單數(shù)名詞后接單數(shù)名詞)。ei