1、2014屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)全方位配套訓(xùn)練人教版必修一Unit 2 English around the World閱讀理解3第組ACanadian EnglishCanadian English is affected by both British and American English.In vocabulary there are a lot of US influences： Canadians use billboard，gas，truck and wrench rather than hoarding，petrol，lorry and spanner；but on the oth

2、er hand，they agree with the British in saying blinds，braces，porridge and tap rather than shades，suspenders，oatmeal and faucet.South African EnglishSince 1994 South Africa has had eleven official languages：English，Afrikaans (having developed from Dutch)，Zulu，Xhosa，and other largely regional African l

3、anguages.English is the first language of only about 10 percent of the population，but the second language of many others.The English of native Afrikaners has influenced the“standard” English of white South Africans，examples being such informal usages as the affirmative (肯定的)no，as in “How are you？No，

4、Im fine.” and the all-purpose response “is it”，as in “She had a baby last week，is it？”Indian EnglishTogether with Hindi，English is used across India，but it can also be a speakers first，second， or third language.The grammar of Indian English has many distinguishing features，of which perhaps the best-

5、known are the use of the present continuous tense，as in “He is having very much of property”，and the use of “isnt it” as an ordinary question tag，“We are meeting tomorrow，isnt it？”The first example shows another characteristic of the language，which is using “in” or “of” in idiomatic phrases.Verbs ar

6、e also used differently，with speakers often dropping a preposition or object altogether，“I insisted immediate payment”，while double possessives(所有格)“our these prices” (instead of the British English “these prices of ours”)are common.1.What does the underlined word “distinguishing” mean in Paragraph

7、3?A.differentB.sameC.shortD.missing2.According to the passage，which group of words is all in American form?A.Billboard，gas，blinds and braces.B.Hoarding，petrol，porridge and tap.C.Truck，wrench，shades and suspenders.D.Lorry，spanner，oatmeal and faucet.3.What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A.Dutch is one

8、of the official languages in South Africa.B.Zulu is one of the official languages in South Africa.C.Less than 10% of the South African people speak English as their second language.D.More than 10% of the South African people speak English as their mother tongue.4.How many distinguishing features of

9、Indian English grammar are mentioned in the passage?A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了三種不同的英語：加拿大英語、南非英語以及印度英語。1.A 詞義猜測題。由下文的例子看出此處意為“不同的，多樣的”。2.C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段內(nèi)容“.Canadians use billboard，gas，truck and wrench rather than hoarding，petrol，lorry and spanner；but on the other hand，they agree with the British in

10、saying blinds，braces，porridge and tap rather than shades，suspenders，oatmeal and faucet.”可知。3.B 推理判斷題。由第二段前兩句可知。4.D 由第三段可知，一共提到了五處不同：the use of the present continuous tense；the use of “isnt it” as an ordinary question tag；using “in” or “of” in idiomatic phrases；verbs are also used differently以及double

11、 possessives。BDo you know what really troubles me? For some reason，words with silent letters have always bothered me.For example，consider these words：know，design，island，school，wrist，naughty，and salmon.All of these words have at least one letter that is not typically pronounced，and these words are ju

12、st a very small part of words with silent letters in them.Some words are even worse，consider this word：colonel.Not only are some letters not pronounced，but letters that are not even there are pronounced.Even foreign languages，especially French，are guilty of this needless complexity and confusion.I k

13、now there must be some main historical reasons why the words are spelled and pronounced the way they are，but that does not mean bad traditions must continue to survive.Especially if they are no longer logical.Unfortunately，there is very little that anyone can do for it，because theres no group of peo

14、ple who can change or have the right to change the English language for everyone.However，the only thing we can do is to make changes in the way we talk and write in hopes that it catches on.For example，I pronounce the letter “l(fā)” in salmon on purpose to make people annoyed and to sound more different

15、 or complicated.I even pronounce colonel the correct or French way.I can only hope these two minor changes to the English language make sense to you，and you will help to keep up these minor changes forever in your everyday life.5.We can learn from the passage .A.colonel is pronounced /klnl/B.salmon

16、is pronounced /smn/C.all the words with silent letters come from FrenchD.linguists will solve the problem of dumb letters6.Which of the following is the main reason for silent letters?A.French language.B.Historical reasons.C.Some linguists.D.Bad traditions.7.The underlined phrase “catches on” probab

17、ly means “ ”.A.becomes popularB.gets acrossC.follows the fashionsD.doesnt fall behind8.Which of the following is the best title for this passage?A.Troubles in everyday lifeB.Traps in English wordsC.Words with silent lettersD.Necessary changes of languages【語篇解讀】不知道你注意到了沒有？英語中有些單詞中的字母是不發(fā)音的。這是由于長期的歷史原因

18、造成的。我們?cè)撛鯓訉?duì)待它們呢？5.B 推理判斷題。由第一段第四句“All of these words have at least one letter that is not typically pronounced.”可知，“know，design，island，school，wrist，naughty和salmon”這些單詞中至少有一個(gè)字母不發(fā)音，再由第四段中“.I pronounce the letter l in salmon on purpose.”可知，salmon單詞中的字母l不發(fā)音，所以B項(xiàng)正確。由第二段可知，colonel單詞的發(fā)音規(guī)則是有一些字母不發(fā)音，但是不在該單詞拼寫

19、之中的有些字母還會(huì)發(fā)音，所以A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；由第三段可知，法語只是這一現(xiàn)象的主要原因，所以C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；由第四段中“Unfortunately，there is very little that anyone can do for it，because theres no group of people who can change or have the right to change the English language for everyone.”可知，D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。6.B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段第二句話“I know there must be some main historical reaso

20、ns why the words are spelled and pronounced the way they are.”可知，造成英語中有些字母不發(fā)音的主要原因是歷史原因。7.A 詞義猜測題。所在句句意“但是我們可以做的唯一的事情就是在我們說和寫的方式上做些改變，希望這會(huì)流行起來”。8.C 主旨大意題。由文章大意可知，全文討論了英語單詞中的字母不發(fā)音的原因和我們對(duì)此的態(tài)度。COnly a hundred years ago，people seldom traveled far out of their birthplace.Books were very expensive and the

21、re were few national newspapers and no radio or TV.In fact，most people spent their time talking and listening.And only a little reading and writing went on and many people were unable to read or write.For this reason，native dialects(方言)grew up and people spoke as their parents and grandparents did.A

22、 Cornwall woman who traveled just as far as London would find that people spoke a completely different language.Sometimes it is hard to take in just how much things have changed.You always have books around，read magazines and newspapers，and have different TV or radio programs.You and everyone around

23、 you，often travel not just in British islands but all of the world.Modern science has changed our life and distances have been made shorter.It might have taken a Cornwall woman three days to travel to London.Now it takes less than two hours by air，less than four by train and less than six by road.Th

24、e result of this is that the language we use is becoming more national and the dialects are dying out.Writing，printing (印刷) and broadcasting (廣播) have speeded up this change as one dialect has come to be used by more and more people.This is the dialect called Standard English which was first used ou

25、tside London in the south and east Midlands.9.From the passage we know that a century ago .A.people wouldnt like to leave their birthplaceB.there were neither books nor newspapersC.most people couldnt read or writeD.people learned to read and write from their family members10.If a Cornwall woman wen

26、t to London a hundred years ago，she would find .A.London was not far from her birthplaceB.London was a strange cityC.she could easily understand London peopleD.she could hardly understand London people11.Things have changed so much that people are not any more.A.watching TV and listening to the radi

27、oB.reading books and magazinesC.travelling just within British islandsD.travelling all over the world12.English is becoming more national because .A.distances have been made shorter by modern scienceB.it takes a Cornwall woman less time to travel to LondonC.the capital of England has been moved to a

28、 place near CornwallD.people mustnt speak dialects in England【語篇解讀】本文講述的是方言的發(fā)展和變化。9.C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段第四句“And only a little reading and writing went on and many people were unable to read or write.”可知。10.D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由短文第一段最后一句“A Cornwall woman who traveled just as far as London would find that people spoke a

29、completely different language.”可知。11.C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“You and everyone around you，often travel not just in British islands but all of the world.”可知。12.A 推理判斷題。本題的理解必須聯(lián)系第二段和第三段。其中第二段寫的是變化，第三段說的是結(jié)果。請(qǐng)看相關(guān)的句子：“Modern science has changed our life and distances have been made shorter.”和“The result of this

30、is that the language we use is becoming more national and the dialects are dying out.”。DOnce a New Zealand teacher asked where I live.“In the white building，” I answered.“At our university both girls and boys live in the same dormitory，” I added.Beyond my expectation，however，my effort(努力) to show I

31、am speaking American English(AE) turned out to be something else.The New Zealander seemed very puzzled at my answer.With a half smile，she asked，“Really? Do they live in the same room？”“Oh，no.They live in different rooms but in the same building.” I reacted quickly.Later I got to know the word “dormi

32、tory”.In AE it means one building while it means one room in British English (BE).The New Zealander misunderstood me because she spoke New Zealander English(NE)，which，as we know，is much related to BE.Nowadays，not a few English learners，who try to catch up with the fashion，choose to speak AE.Yet，the

33、problem is that they cannot speak pure AE，but half AE and half BE instead.I think it necessary to keep one style in order to avoid misunderstanding.13.Which of the following is RIGHT?A.AE and BE are two different languages.B.There are some differences between AE and BE.C.New Zealanders speak BE.D.Ne

34、w Zealanders cannot understand Americans.14.What I said to the New Zealander is .A.really pure AEB.really pure BEC.half AE and half BED.not English at all15.According to the passage， .A.few people speak AEB.more people speak BEC.BE is becoming fashionableD.AE is becoming fashionable16.The writer wro

35、te the passage in order to .A.tell us a funny storyB.warn us not to make mistakesC.tell us the differences between AE and BED.encourage us to speak one style of English【語篇解讀】本文講述了由美式英語和新西蘭英語(與英式英語很相近)的差異引起的誤解。13.B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。閱讀全文可知A、C、D三項(xiàng)與文意不符，而由第五段“Later I got to know the word dormitory.In AE it means o

36、ne building while it means one room in British English(BE).”可知，美式英語和英式英語之間是有區(qū)別的，故選B。14.A 推理判斷題。由第二段中“.my effort to show I am speaking American English(AE) turned out to be something else.”和第五段“In AE it means one building while it means one room in British English(BE).”可知，“我”對(duì)這個(gè)新西蘭人說的是純正的美式英語。15.D 細(xì)節(jié)

37、理解題。由倒數(shù)第三段“.not a few English learners，who try to catch up with the fashion，choose to speak AE.”可知美式英語越來越流行。not a few相當(dāng)于many，即許多。16.D 推理判斷題。由文章最后一句“I think it necessary to keep one style in order to avoid misunderstanding.”可知，作者希望只說一種風(fēng)格的語言，以避免誤解，故選D。EAs you are students of English，its very possible

38、that youll be interested in England.Thats where the language was first spoken.But England is often called by other names.This often confuses people and I wonder if you know what these names mean.So，now I would like to tell you about this matter of names.I believe that you have heard people use the n

39、amesEngland，Britain or Great Britain.Lets see what each of these names means.If you look at a map of Europe，youll see a group of islandsone larger island off the northwest coast，one smaller and many tiny ones.These make up what is called the British Isles.The largest island of the British Isles is B

40、ritain.It is also called Great Britain.The smaller island is Ireland.Britain is divided into three parts：Scotland，Wales and England.But sometimes the word “England” is used instead of “Britain”.Why so?In ancient times，what is Britain now used to be three different countries.People in these different

41、 countries spoke different languages.Over many years the three countries became one.England is the largest and richest of the three and it has the most people.So the English people take it for granted that their own name stands for the whole island.Theres another thing that confuses people：sometimes you