1、代詞1、代詞的定義：代詞是代替名詞并起到名詞作用的詞2、代詞的種類(lèi)人稱(chēng)代詞用來(lái)指代人或物的代詞。它必須在人稱(chēng)、數(shù)（單、復(fù)數(shù)）上與被指代的 名詞保持一致。物主代詞表示所有關(guān)系的代詞，分為形容詞性物主代詞和名 詞性物主代詞。反身代詞強(qiáng)調(diào)的是某人自己。女口myself, yourself, himself, itself 等。指示代詞表示 這個(gè)、那個(gè)、這些、那些”指向性的代詞，主要有 this，that，these, those。疑問(wèn)代詞who, whom, whose, which, what 等用于弓丨出特殊疑問(wèn)句的代詞。不定代詞不明確代替哪個(gè)具體名詞的代詞。如some, any, all,bo

2、th, every, much, many 等。人稱(chēng)只有 each other 禾口 one another 兩個(gè)，都表示 相互 的意思，但兩者有一定的區(qū)別。each 物 her 表示兩物者之間的相互，one ano ther 表示三者或三者以上的 相互。第一人稱(chēng)第二人稱(chēng)第三人稱(chēng)相互代詞3、人稱(chēng)代詞、物主代詞和反身代詞的用法代詞的形式變化表三種代詞用法特別注意。I.人稱(chēng)代詞的順序：?jiǎn)螖?shù)：你，她(他)，我【you, she/he and】；復(fù)數(shù)：我們，你們，他們【we, you, thej。e.g: 1. You, she and I are in the same schoo 你我他我們一個(gè)學(xué)

3、校。2. We, you and they are all from Beijing.大家都是北京人。II. it的特殊用法：it除了指事”或物”以外，還常用于指時(shí)間、天氣、距離、不知性別 的人、形式主語(yǔ)和形式賓語(yǔ)等。e.g: 1t s a rainy day tod 今天是下雨天。2.It is about ten mi nu tes alkfrom here.從這里步行大概要十分鐘。3.-Who is knocking at the door? 誰(shuí)在敲門(mén)？-It is Tom.是湯姆4.It is important to learn English.學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)很重要5.1 think it

4、 important to keep healthy.保持健康很重要III.常用的含有反身代詞的固定詞組。by on eself 獨(dú)自help on eself to 隨便吃.make on eself at home 另 S 拘束，像在自己家一樣enjoy on eself 玩得開(kāi)心teach on eself 自學(xué)say to on eself 自言自語(yǔ)look at on eself in the mirror 照鏡子5、不定代詞的用法不定代詞是不明確代替哪個(gè)具體名詞的代詞。常用的不定代詞有：one, on es, both, all,either, neither, other, an

5、other, none, each, every, some, any, many, much, (a)few, (a)little 等。 還有由some-, any-, no-禾口 every-合成的不定代詞。I. one禾口ones的用法。one/ones 指人或物，可作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)。one 用來(lái)替代前面的單數(shù)名詞，ones 用來(lái)替代前面的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，以避免重復(fù)。e.g: 1.1 lost my old camera; this is a new one.我丟了舊的照相機(jī)，這個(gè)是新的2. Red apples often taste better than green one 直蘋(píng)果比青

6、蘋(píng)果甜。II. either, neither, both和all的用法。either 兩者中的任何一個(gè)neither 兩者都不both 兩者都，反義詞是 neitherall 三者或以上都，反義詞是nonee.g: I.There are a lot of trees on either side of the street.路兩邊有很多樹(shù)。2. Both of his pare nts are teachers.他的父母都是老師。3. All of the stude nts are happy on Childre n所有 s 的孩子兒童節(jié)都很開(kāi)心。III. the other, ano

7、ther的用法。the other 表示（兩者中的）另一個(gè)an other 表示（三個(gè)或以上中的）另一個(gè)e.g: 1.1 have two un cles. One is a policema n and the other is a doctor.我有兩個(gè)叔叔，一個(gè)是警察，另一個(gè)是醫(yī)生。2.Here are three apples. One is red, another is green and the third is yellow. 這里有三個(gè)蘋(píng)果，一個(gè)是紅的，另外一個(gè)是青的，第三個(gè)是黃的。IV. others禾口the others的用法。others 表示另一些（人或物），不包括

8、所有其余的。the others 表示所有其余的。e.g:1.After class, some students are talking with each other, and others are playing games.下 課后，一些同學(xué)正在聊天，另一些正在玩游戲。2.1 have got ten pencils. Two of them are red and the others are blue.我有十支筆，兩個(gè)是紅色的，其余的是藍(lán)色的。V.some禾口any的用法。some 一般用于肯定句中，any 多用于否定句和一般疑問(wèn)句中。VI. （a）few禾口little的用法。f

9、ew, little:幾乎沒(méi)有（否定語(yǔ)氣）a few, a little: 一些，少數(shù)（肯定語(yǔ)氣）few, a few 指可數(shù)的事物，只能與可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)搭配little, a little 指不可數(shù)事物，只能與不可數(shù)名詞搭配e.g:1. Let s buy some milk. There is little in the fridge 讓我們?nèi)ベI(mǎi)些牛奶，冰箱里沒(méi)有了。2. He has a few friends. He often plays with them.VIII. some-, any-, every和no-可以分另U禾口-thing, -body, -one構(gòu)成的合成不定代詞用

10、法。some 扌勾成的不定代詞多用于肯定句中，any-構(gòu)成的不定代詞用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中。e.g: 1.1 have something to tell you.我有些事情要告訴你。2. Do you see an ybody in the room?你有沒(méi)有看到房間里有人。修飾合成不定代詞的定語(yǔ)要放在它們后面。e.g: Something terrible happened during our trip to that mountain.去往山上的 旅途中，發(fā)生了件嚴(yán)重的事情。代詞練習(xí)一、根據(jù)句意用適當(dāng)?shù)娜朔Q(chēng)代詞、物主代詞或反身代詞填空：1. Mary works in a book st

11、ore. _ likes_ work very much.2. Nobody taught _. She learned it all by_.3. Please help_ to the fruit, my frie nds!4. Joh n and I are in the same school. _ go to school together.5. Everybody likes that sport, do _?6. She is a frie nd of_ . We got to know each other two years ago.7. This little boy is

12、 not old eno ugh to dress _ .8. Her sister makes all _ own dresses.9. I have many frie nds. Some of_ are good at En glish.10. May I use _ bike?_ is being repairi ng.11. Have you fini shed your homework?Yes, I fini shed_ just now.12. Everybody is here except Ann and_ frie nd Jane._are in the library

13、now.13. The poor boy cut_ whe n_ was peeli ng an apple.14. _ is importa nt to protect our en vir onment.15. I d like to do the cooking_ because I enjoy_ own cooking.三、選擇填空：1. Whd s singing over there?_is Sandy s sister.A. That B. It C. She D. This2. _ will spe nd the summer holiday in Hawaii.A. She,

14、 you and I B. You, she and I C. I, you and she D. Her, me and you3. Betwee n you and_ , he is not a real frie nd.A. me B. I C. he D. his4. My uncle bought a new bike for_.A. theirs B.they C. me D. I5. Mr. Smith ofte n praises_for his progress in studies.A. he B. him C. I D. me6.Heres a postcard for

15、you, Jim!Oh,_is from my frie nd, Mary.A. he B. it C. sheD. it s7. Dont shake yeung tree._leaves are falling off. You should look after_ .A. It, it B. ItsC Its, it D. It, it8. Little Baby knows that he should not take the things that do not belong to_ .A. he B. his C. her D. him9. Did you enjoy_ last

16、 ni ght, Lucy and Lily?A. yourselves B. yourself C. you D. your time10. Among those lovely toys, the brow n toy dog was give n by_.A. he B. his C. himD. he s11.Hi, Judy.Hi, Jaso n. Come in. Make_ at home.A. yourself B. us C. yourselves D. you12. Mum ofte n war ns the boy_swim_ in the sea because its

17、 dan gerous.A. dont, aloBe not, by himself C. not to, by himself D. not to, Ionely13. Her pare nts_school teachers.A. all are B. are all C. are both D. both are14. Yesterday I saw_enjoy_ in the park.A. her, hers B. they, them C. She, herself D. them, themselves15. It was not good for the mother to l

18、eave her little son all by_ .A. yourself B. himself C. herself D. itself16. Have you see n the three apples on the table? You can take_ of them.A. the one B. somethi ng C. any thi ng D. any17. The boys thought_easy to win the football match and they deserved to lose.A. this B. that C. / D. it18. You

19、r sweater is differe nt from_, so I want_, too.A. min e, it B. mine, one C. my, one D. my, it19. These trousers dont fit me._ are too long and_ asedctoA. Some, others B. Some, the others C. These, those D. These, the other20. There are _ ways of doing that. Why not try_ ?A. some, one B. another, it

20、C. other, another D. no, the other21. _is three plus four? _ seve n.A. How many, They are B. What number, It sC. How much, They are D. What, It is22. We all know James Herriot was a famous doctor for animals, but _of us remember whe n he wasborn.A. few B. a few C. little D. a little23. Wherever you

21、live, you should do_ aro und your n eighborhood.A. any thi ng possible B. impossible somethi ngC. somethi ng possible D. impossible any thi ng24. How，many bananas do you have in your basket? _ .A. Neither B. No one C. Nothi ng D. None25. Chi na is larger tha n_ country in Asia.A. any B. any other C.

22、 all the D. some四、選詞填空：A. ano ther, other, others, the other, the others1.1 only found Jim and Tom there. Where are _?2. Of these three girls one comes from China and _ two come from Japa n.3. This sweater is a little too big for me. Can I try on _ ?4. Some like black tea, _ prefer green tea.5. I do

23、n t like these colors. Show me some , please.6. Have you any_ books on this subject?7. Saying is one thi ng and doing is_.8. It is always hard to tell the twins one from _ .B. few, a few, little, a little1. There is a little bird in the tree, but only_ people saw it.2. Could I have _ words with you,

24、 Miss White?3. We don t like him, because he does_ for other people.4. He has_ friends here and he seldom goes out on weekend.5. She read_ and wrote eve n less.6. There is only _ water in the pot.7. Quite_ of them have been to the Great Wall.8. Tell me _ about your illness.C. n either, none, either1. I know _ of the two students.2. I only know these writers by name, and I have read _ of their books.3. He doesn t agree with_of his parents on many things.4. I tried on two dres