1、1Unit 3Discovering useful words and expressions:Discovering useful words and expressions:Find the correct word for each of the following meanings.1 _ mistake1 _ mistake2 _ to allow something to happen2 _ to allow something to happen3 _ someone who writes books3 _ someone who writes books4 _ to try t

2、o find or get something4 _ to try to find or get something5 _ a thin paper cover for a letter5 _ a thin paper cover for a letter6 _ the place where someone was born6 _ the place where someone was born7 _ a man who works in a business7 _ a man who works in a business8 _ unusual, exciting or dangerous

3、 experience8 _ unusual, exciting or dangerous experiencefaultpermitseekenvelopebirthplaceauthorbusinessmanadventureDiscovering useful words and expressions:Discovering useful words and expressions:9 _ ability to wait fro a ling time or to accept 9 _ ability to wait fro a ling time or to accept troub

4、le without getting angrytrouble without getting angry 10 _ part of a play during which there is no 10 _ part of a play during which there is no change in time or placechange in time or place11 _ path at the side of a road for people to 11 _ path at the side of a road for people to walk onwalk on12 _

5、 a long written story in which the 12 _ a long written story in which the characters and events are not usually realcharacters and events are not usually realpatiencescenenovelpavementFind the correct word for each of the following meanings.Explain the usage and meaning of each italicized word in ea

6、ch sentence.A He wandered around Tibet for about a month. His experience is unbelievable.B The professor wandered from the subject of his speech.walk slowly without a clear directionstop paying attentionA Please keep a complete account of the money we have spent.B I opened an account at the bank dow

7、nstairs.An arrangement what the bank keeps your moneyWhat you ownExplain the usage and meaning of each italicized word in each sentence.A It was her fault. We were late because she took so long finishing her lunch.B It sounds as if there is a fault in that computer.make a mistake and be blamed for i

8、tsomething that is wrong with a machineExplain the usage and meaning of each italicized word in each sentence.A The museum sits on the exact spot where the gold was first discovered. B That dress has a dirty spot right in the middle.C She spotted her friend among the passengers who got off the train

9、particular place or areaa small mark on somethingfindExplain the usage and meaning of each italicized word in each sentence.A We walked down a long passage to the back of the office building.B I couldnt afford the passage to Australia.C The old bridge isnt strong enough to allow the passage of heavy

10、 vehicles.long narrow area with walls on both sidesfaremovement of people or cars along a roadExplain the usage and meaning of each italicized word in each sentence.Use some of the words and phrases in the correct form to complete the stories.bring up go ahead account for by accident on the contrary

11、 to be honest 1 Yesterday when I was wandering on the pavement near a park, I met an old neighbour _. He was so happy to see me again and he talked a lot about my grandparents who _ me _. _, I didnt want him to _ with his story. It wasnt because I had no _ to listen to him, but because it was still

12、very painful for me to think about my dear grandma who died five years ago.by accident brought upTo be honestgo aheadpatience2 He was such a stubborn businessman that he didnt _ anybody to disagree with him. He thought his marketing plan was perfect, but _, it was not and it failed. Obviously, it wa

13、s his _ because he did not listen to other peoples advice. His attitude _ his loss.permiton the contraryfaultaccounted for Use some of the words and phrases in the correct form to complete the stories.bring up go ahead account for by accident on the contrary to be honest 名詞性從句名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞，可分別作主句的主語(yǔ)、相當(dāng)

14、于名詞，可分別作主句的主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。 因此，名詞性從句可分為因此，名詞性從句可分為主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句 、賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句和和同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句。1、賓語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中起賓語(yǔ)作用，可以作賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中起賓語(yǔ)作用，可以作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，也可以作也可以作介詞的賓語(yǔ)介詞的賓語(yǔ)。引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句詞有。引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句詞有連詞連詞that，if，whether；連接代詞連接代詞who，whose，what，which；連接連接副詞副詞when，where，how， why等。等。e.g. I think (that) women can

15、 reach very high achievements in many fields of science.2) I wonder whether/if she remembered how many babies she had delivered.3) Do you know who/whom Jack was speaking to?4) He asked whose car it was.5) Pay attention to what the doctor said.6) Please tell me when the earthquake took place.7) Will

16、you tell me how I can keep fit and healthy?連接詞的選擇：連接詞的選擇：The Object ClauseThe Object Clause做動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)做動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ) (1)大部分賓語(yǔ)從句直接跟在動(dòng)詞后：大部分賓語(yǔ)從句直接跟在動(dòng)詞后： (2)有些賓語(yǔ)從句前要有間接賓語(yǔ)：有些賓語(yǔ)從句前要有間接賓語(yǔ)：(3)如果賓語(yǔ)從句后面有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，要使用形式賓如果賓語(yǔ)從句后面有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，要使用形式賓語(yǔ)語(yǔ) it 而將從句放到補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)后面；而將從句放到補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)后面； e.g. He doesnt know where the post office is.e.g. He to

17、ld me what I should reade.g. I thought it strange that he failed to call me(4)在在think, believe, suppose, expect等動(dòng)詞之后的賓等動(dòng)詞之后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，如果從句謂語(yǔ)是否定含義，則不用否定語(yǔ)從句中，如果從句謂語(yǔ)是否定含義，則不用否定形式形式,而將主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞而將主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞think等變?yōu)榉穸ㄐ问降茸優(yōu)榉穸ㄐ问? e.g. I dont think you are right(5) 在在think，believe，imagine，suppose，guess，hope等動(dòng)詞以及等動(dòng)詞以及 I

18、m afraid 等后，可用等后，可用so代替一代替一個(gè)肯定的賓語(yǔ)從句，還可用個(gè)肯定的賓語(yǔ)從句，還可用not代替一個(gè)否定的賓代替一個(gè)否定的賓語(yǔ)從句：語(yǔ)從句：e.g. 一一Do you believe it will clear up?你認(rèn)為天氣會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)晴嗎你認(rèn)為天氣會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)晴嗎? 一一I believe so. 我認(rèn)為會(huì)這樣。我認(rèn)為會(huì)這樣。 I dont believe so. (或或I believe not.) 我認(rèn)為不會(huì)這樣。我認(rèn)為不會(huì)這樣。 (1)一般情況下，賓語(yǔ)從句直接跟在謂語(yǔ)后一般情況下，賓語(yǔ)從句直接跟在謂語(yǔ)后;e.g. Did she say anything about how we

19、should do the work?(2) that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句只有在引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句只有在except, in, but, besides等等少數(shù)介詞后偶爾可能用到少數(shù)介詞后偶爾可能用到; e.g. Your article is all right except that it is too long (3)有時(shí)在介詞和其賓語(yǔ)從句的中間加形式賓語(yǔ)有時(shí)在介詞和其賓語(yǔ)從句的中間加形式賓語(yǔ) it; e.g. Ill see to it that everything is ready 做介詞的賓語(yǔ)做介詞的賓語(yǔ)The Object ClauseThe Predicative Clause1. t

20、hat 引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句 連接詞連接詞that 僅起連接作用，無(wú)意義，在句中不作任何成僅起連接作用，無(wú)意義，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。這種從句往往是對(duì)主句主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)分，通常不可省略。這種從句往往是對(duì)主句主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容起進(jìn)一步解釋的作用。容起進(jìn)一步解釋的作用。e.g. The chance is that one smoker in four will die from smoking.2. whether 引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句 連接詞連接詞whether起連接作用，起連接作用， 意為意為“是否、究竟、到底是否、究竟、到底”（注意：（注意：if不能引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句不能引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從

21、句) 在句中也不作任何成分。在句中也不作任何成分。e.g. The question is whether what man will turn up in time.表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句在從句中作表語(yǔ)的從句稱作表語(yǔ)從句。在從句中作表語(yǔ)的從句稱作表語(yǔ)從句。 連接代詞連接代詞what,which,who,whom,whose除在句子中除在句子中起連接作用外，還可在從句中從當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定起連接作用外，還可在從句中從當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)，且各有各的詞義。語(yǔ)，且各有各的詞義。e.g. Tom is no longer what he used to be. The question is which of

22、 us should come first. The problem is who is really fit for the hard job. The important thing is whose name should be put on the top of the list.3. what, which, who, whom, whose引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句The Predicative Clause4. where, when, why, how引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句 連接副詞連接副詞where, when, why, how除在句中起連接作除在句中起連接作用外，

23、在從句中還充當(dāng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、原因狀用外，在從句中還充當(dāng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、原因狀語(yǔ)，本身具有詞義。語(yǔ)，本身具有詞義。e.g. Thats where I cant agree with you. This is why Sara was late for the meeting. This is how they overcome the difficulties. My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.The Predicative Clause5. 其他連詞其他連詞as if, because, as, as though 引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)