1、小升初專題-介詞第八講 介詞概述介詞一般置于名詞之前，它常和名詞或名詞性詞語構成介詞短語。 同一個介詞常和不同的詞語搭配形成 固定搭配，表示不同意義。根據介詞本身的意義，可將介詞分為時間介詞、方位介詞、動向介詞、方式 介詞、原因介詞等（見下表）。詞類例詞時間介詞at, in, on, before, after, from方位介詞on, in, at, behind, over, above, under, below動向介詞to, into, up, down, through, along, out of方式介詞by, on, with原因介詞for, from, of, with二、常用

2、介詞的基本用法at1）表示具體的時間點：I go to school at seven every day我每天早上7點去上學。2）表示一段較短的時間：at night在夜晚 at Christmas在圣誕節3）表示在某一具體地點：He is standing at the bus stop他站在公共汽車站。4）表示動作的方向、目標： Let me have a look at the picture 讓我看看這幅圖。5）表示人的年齡：at the age of six在六歲6）用于某些固定搭配：at once立刻、馬上 at last最后 at the same time同時 at firs

3、t開始時not at all 一點也不about1）表示大約時間：It ' s about six o ' clockttW.約 6 點鐘了。2）表示地點；在 周圍：She is somewhere about the office. 她在辦公室附近。3）關于，對于： We are talking about the news.我們正在談論新聞。after1）在之后：After dinner I watch TV.晚飯后我看電視。2）在后面： He came into the room after me. 他在我后面進了房間。3） after+某個時間，表示從過去某個時間起過多

4、長時間，多用于過去時，如： She left on Sunday and returned after three days.behind1）在之后：There is a bike behind the tree.樹后有一輛自行車2）比晚，遲于： The train is behind time.火車晚點了 by1）在旁：He is sitting by the bed.他正坐在床邊。2）到時候： We have learned three English songs by now.到現在為止，我們已經學會了三首英文歌曲。3） by+交通工具，以方式：I go to school by bus

5、.我乘公共汽車去上學。4）用于某些固定搭配：one by one 一個接一個by the way 順便說一句for1）為，給，替： I ll make a card for my teacher. 我要給老師做張卡片。2）由于：Thank you for helping me. 謝謝你幫我。3）表示給（某人）用的：There is a letter for you. 這兒有你一封信。in1）在里面：The pencil is in the desk.鉛筆在課桌里。2）在一段時間里，常與上午、下午、晚上等詞連用：We have four classes in the morning. 我們上午有

6、四節課。3）用，以：What s this in English? 這用英語怎么說？4）在某一年份，季節，月份：in 2002 in spring in January5） in+顏色，表示狀態，服飾： Helen is in yellow.海倫身穿黃色衣服。6）在方面： He is weak in English.他的英語不行。7）用于某些固定搭配：in front of 在前面 in the end 最后 in time 及時like1）像樣：He looks like his father.他像他的父親。2）這樣，那樣：Don t look at me like that. 別那樣看著我

7、。3）怎樣：What s the weather like? 天氣怎樣。near靠近，在附近： My bed is near the window.我的床在窗戶旁。of1）的（表示所屬關系）： This is a photo of my family. 這是一張我全家人的照片。2） 的（用于所有格）： He is a friend of mine.他是我的一個朋友。3）表示數量（與連詞連用）：One of us is from Beijing. 我們中有一個來自北京4）想到，談到：I often think of them. 我常常想到他們。5）用于某些固定搭配：of course 當然bec

8、ause of 因為，由于on1） 在上面： There are some apple on the tree. 樹上有些蘋果。2）具體的某一天，在（星期）天，在某天的上午（下午，晚上）：They go to English class on Sunday.星期天他們去上英語課。I left Beijing on the morning of May 1. 我在 5 月 1 日早上離開北京。3）用于某些固定搭配：on duty 值日 on time 準時over1）在正上方，兩個物體表面沒有接觸：There is a lamp over the table.桌子上方有一盞燈。2）遍及，穿過：T

9、here is a bridge over the river. 有座橋橫跨那條河。3）超過，不止：She is a little over 2. 她兩歲多了。below1）在.下邊，不一定表示正下方：The climbers stopped 300 metres below the top of the mountain. 登山運動員在離山頂300 米處停了下來。to1）到，往，向：He walks to the window. 他走向窗戶。2）表示時間、數量，至U為止 Please count from ten to thirty. 請從 10 數到 30.3）向，對，給：Happy Ne

10、w Year to you all. 大家新年好。under表示一物在另一物垂直的正下方： What s under your desk? 你書桌底下是什么？ with1）和，寫：Could you go home with me? 你能和我一起回家嗎？2）表示伴隨狀態，帶有：Who s that girl with glasses? 那位戴眼睛的女孩是誰？三、 to、 in 、 on 在表示位置時的區別：（1） inin 表示事物在某一區域范圍內，如：China is a country in Asia. 中國是亞洲的一個國家。（2） toto 表示事物在某一區域范圍之外的某一位置，如：Th

11、e town lies to the south of the village. 那個城鎮位于村莊的南面。(3) onon 表示事物與另一區域范圍屬于相接鄰的關系，如：We live in a house on the Thames. 我們住在泰晤士河畔的一座房子里。四、 介詞的固定搭配atarrive at/in 到達at first 起初；開始at home 在家；無拘束at present 現在at work 上班，在工作邊at the same time 同時at the moment 此刻Be good at 擅長inin all 總體in class 在課堂上in English

12、用英語in short 總之in a hurry 匆忙地in the end 最后in time 及時地onon duty 值日on holiday 度假on time 準時on the left/right 在左 /右on the radio 在廣播中on foot 步行on the way 在路上一用介詞填空1 .He is good swimming.2 .Tom gets at seven every morning.3 . Sunday morning, he played footballwith his friends.4 .What s wrong you?There is s

13、omething wrong my back.5 .He often helps me my English.二介詞填空1.Tony is Canada.factory?3. Betty is English. What you ？dress？5. Where do you come ?7. Do the students stay home a knife .9.The meeting ended 6 p.m.三選詞填空練習題1 .It s time breakfast.7 .Can you sing a song English?8 .He looks his father.9 .Plea

14、se listen me carefully.10 .It s too cold. Don t take yourcoat.2. What is the name the4. Who s the woman black6. She looks her father.Saturday？8. My mother cut the cake 10. We ll play football class.1 Peter is standing Lucy and Jack.A. inB. at C. above D. between2 Mum, can I go shopping you?A. near B

15、. at C. with D. on3 I didn t go to the park with my classmates, because my mother asked me tomy little sister at home.A. look after B. look at C. look for D. look like4 Lily is _ duty today.A. in B. on C. at D. to5 Let me show you the place the map.A. withB. onC. inD. for6. My father usually comes b

16、ack from work 6 : 30 the evening.A. in; on B. in; at C. on; in D. at; in7.-When were you born?-I was born August 25, 1983.A. on B. in C. at D. to8. She likes travelling air.A. on B. in C. at D. by9. Many people work the day and sleep night.A. on ; at B. in ; in C. in ; at10. There are many apples th

17、e tree.A bird the tree is picking an apple.A. in ; on B. on ; in C. in ; at四、英漢互譯。1. look after2. listen to3. play with6 .在河的附近7 .在樹的后面8 .在橋底下4. on the farm9.乘火車5. the boy in white10.在墻上五、下面每個句子都有一處錯誤，畫出來并改正1. There are two pictures in the wall.3. We live at the earth.4. She usually goes to work on

18、bus.2.Can you write it on Chinese?5. Bob is one in my friends.六、閱讀理解Brain is a school boy. He's twelve. He lives in Shanghai now. He is from England. He stindaejunior middle school. He gets up at half past five every day. He has breakfast at seven after that, he goes to school with his friends.

19、They have four classes in the morning and two in the afternoon. In the evening he does his homework at home, but he often watches TV on Saturday evening. Brain likes drawing. Hejoins an art club. He likes reading story books. Now he is reading an English book in his room.1. Brain is aA. studentB. girl