1、精選優質文檔-傾情為你奉上8B Unit21.I've been there be fore. 我以前去過那里。before副詞“以前”。常與現在完成時連用，也可與一般過去時連用。He has never seen such a huge stone before.他以前從未見過這么大的石頭。before介詞或連詞“在之前”，可表示時間、位置、順序等。My father usually goes to bed before 9:00 p.m.我父親通常在晚上9點之前睡覺。（介詞）Turn off the light before you leave the room.離開房間前關上燈。

2、（連詞）3.Can I join you?我可以和你一起去嗎?join及物動詞“加入”，表示加入某一組織、黨派、社會團體或某一人群中，從而成為其成員。join后常出現club，army，team，group以及表示人稱代詞賓格的單詞等。My father joined the army after he finished middle school.我爸爸中學畢業后就參軍了。Will you come and join us for supper? 你愿意來和我們共進晚餐嗎?take part in“參加/參與某項工作、活動、游戲或會議等”，強調參加者有積極的態度，并起到一定的作用。take

3、part in之后接名詞或動名詞。=join in。Would you like to take part in/join in the English party? 你愿意參加英語晚會嗎？Everyone can take part in gardening. 每個人都可以加入到園藝活動中來。join sb.in.“參加到中”。A lot of students are playing football on the playground. Lets join them in playing football! 許多學生正在操場上踢足球，咱們加入到他們當中吧！4.excited形容詞為“感到

4、興奮的，感到激動的”。be excited at/about sth對某事感到激動；be excited to do sth.激動地去做某事；be excited that+從句。She was really excited about going to Beijing. 她對北京之行感到非常興奮。I was excited that I could have the chance to study abroad.excited感到興奮的、激動的表示人的心理感受作表語時，其主語一般是人exciting 令人興奮的表示某事（物）給人的感覺作表語時，其主語一般是物我很激動，我能有機會出國學習了。W

5、ere very excited about the exciting news.我們對這個激動人心的消息感到很激動。5.I don't think it'll be a holiday for me.我認為對我來說這將不是一個假期。這是一個含有賓語從句的主從復合句，I don't think是主句，it'll be a holiday for me是賓語從句。當主句主語為第一人稱，think,believe等動詞后的賓語從句為否定句時，要將否定詞轉移到主句中，即主句的謂語動詞用否定式，而從句的謂語動詞用肯定式，這種語法現象就是否定前移。翻譯成漢語時，要注意將否

6、定的意義還原到從句中去。I don't think that Jenny will come to his party. 我認為珍妮不會來參加他的聚會。I don't think he is right. 我認為他不對。這種結構的反意疑問句的主語和謂語動詞必須與賓語從句的主語和謂語動詞保持一致。1 don't think he is a doctor,is he? 我認為他不是醫生，對嗎?6.It comes from the story by Hans Christian Andersen.It comes from the story written by Hans

7、 Christian Andersen.它來自漢斯·克里斯蒂安·安徒生寫的故事。come from“來自，從來”=be from，表示某人或某物來自某一地方。be是連系動詞，come是實義動詞，兩個短語的否定和疑問形式不一樣。He comes from Australia.=He is from Australia.他來自澳大利亞。Does Ann come from England?=Is Ann from England?安來自英國嗎?7.by介詞“由，被”，常構成被動語態。一Who is this music written by?這是誰寫的樂曲?一It's

8、by Mozart. 是莫扎特寫的。The clothes were washed by my father. 這些衣服是由我的爸爸洗的。by乘（車、船等）Well go by boat.我們將乘船去。（指時間）不遲于You must be back by ten oclock at night.你必須在晚上10點前回來。（表示方法、手段等）用；靠He makes a living by selling vegetables.他靠賣菜為生。在.旁邊，靠近She sits by the window. 她坐在窗子旁邊。8.miss及物動詞“想念”。When I was abroad,I miss

9、ed my parents very much.我在國外時，非常想念父母。miss及物動詞“未趕上，錯過”。She missed the early bus. 她沒有趕上早班公共汽車。I don't want to miss the basketball game. 我不想錯過那場集球比賽。Miss名詞，（用于姓名或姓之前對未婚女子的禮貌的稱呼）小姐，女士；（學生對女教師的稱呼）老師；（對不知姓名的年輕女子的稱呼）小姐。Nice to meet you，Miss Wang.王小姐，很高興認識你。I know the answer，Miss.老師，我知道答案。Miss Smith mis

10、sed the bus that could take her to see her foreign friend whom she missed.史密斯小姐錯過了那輛能帶地去看望她想念的外國朋友的公共汽車。9.We're having a fantastic time here.我們在這兒玩得很開心。have a fantastic time“過得愉快；玩得開心”，八形容詞fantastic 還可用good,great 和wonderful等詞替代。構成短語：have a good/fantastic/great/wonderful time doing sth.開心地做某事。The

11、 girls often have a good time talking at lunchtime. 這些女孩午餐時經常聊得很開心。10. Today we spend the whole day at Disneyland.今天我們在迪士尼樂園待了一整天。whole形容詞“整個的，全部的”whole修飾具有整個意義的單數名詞，且限定詞要放在whole前面The whole class were listen to music.全班同學都在聽音樂。allall與定冠詞或人稱代詞所有格連用時，all要放在這些詞之前，表示三個或三個以上的人或物，意為“所有的”All the audience s

12、tood up and clapped for him.所有的觀眾都起立為他鼓掌。 All the people here have know the whole truth about the matter.這里所有的人都已經知道了這件事情的全部真相11.It moved at high speed and was really exciting! 它高速轉動，的確很令人興奮！at high speed“以高速”，at low speed“以低速”。The bus was travelling at high speed. 那輛公共汽車在殘馳。at a/the speed of. “以的速度

13、”。The car is moving at a/the speed of eighty kilometers an hour.汽車正在以每小時80千米的速度前進。12.We were screaming and laughing through the ride.整個乘坐過程中我們都在尖叫、歡笑。ride可數名詞“乘坐（游樂設施），騎，（騎馬、騎自行車或乘車的）旅行”。It's about twenty minutes' bus ride from the city to the town.從這個城市到那個小鎮乘公共汽車大約20分鐘的路程。We all went for a

14、ride in her new car. 我們所有人都乘坐她的新車去見風。ride(rode，ridden)動詞“騎（車、馬等）”。He rides his bike to school.他騎自行車上學。Can you ride a horse?你會騎馬嗎?13. Next,we hurried to a restaurant to have a quick meal. 接著，我們匆匆去了一個餐館，吃了一頓快餐。 hurry不及物動詞“匆忙，趕忙” If we hurry, well get there in time. 要是趕緊的話，我們會及時到哪里。 名詞“匆忙”，in a hurry 匆

15、忙地 hurry to +地點名詞匆忙去某地Tom had breakfast and hurried to school.湯姆吃了早飯，匆忙去了學校。hurry to do sth匆忙做某事They hurried to help the children.他們急忙去幫助孩子們。hurry up趕快Hurry up, or we will be late.快點，否則我們要遲到了。hurry off匆忙離開She picked up her bag and hurried off.她拿起包匆匆離去。14. On the way,we met some Disney cartoon charac

16、ters,such as Snow White and Mickey Mouse.在路上，我們遇見了一些迪士尼卡通人物，例如白雪公主和米老鼠。on the way“在路上”on the/one's way to.“在（某人）去的路上”，如果后面接副詞here，there,home等，則省略介詞to。They are on the way to the park. 他們在去公園的路上。On my way to school,I met my old friend. 在去學校的路上，我碰到了我的老朋友。15.such as“例如”。He knows four languages,such

17、as Russian and French.他懂4門語言，如俄語和法語。such as用來列舉同類人或物中的幾個例子，后面跟列舉的名詞、代詞或動名詞，但只能列舉并列的部分內容The man can do a lot of housework,such as washing the dishes,cooking meals and washing flowers.那位男士能做很多家務，比如洗餐具、做飯，還有洗衣服。like可與such as 互換，但當such as 有逗號與前面的內容分隔時不能與like 互換。They enjoy most team games like football a

18、nd basketball.他們喜歡大多數團體運動項目，像足球和籃球。for example一般用于以同類人或事物中的“一個”為例，作插入語，與后面的內容用逗號隔開，可置于句首、句中或句末。The woman is very lazy. For example, she never makes the bed.這個女人很懶，比如，她從不鋪床。16.cant stop doing sth 忍不住做某事 They couldnt stop laughing when they watched the funny performance. 當他看滑稽表演時，他們忍不住大笑起來。17.stop doi

19、ng sth 停止做某事When the teacher came in,the students stopped talking and laughing.當老師進來時，學生們停止了說笑。stop to do sth停下來做另一件事Im tired. I must stop to have a rest.我累了，我必須停下來休息一會。18.take photos=take pictures 拍照19.After the parade,we watched a 4-D film. 游行結束后，我們看了一場4D電影。watch及物動詞，意為“觀看，注視”。watch TV看電視，watch ma

20、tches看比賽。My brother likes watching cartoons.我弟喜歡看動畫片。watch sh do sth.“看到某人做某事”，此時指看到某個動作發生的全過程，或看到某個經常發生的動作。I like watching my goldfish swim around in the water.我喜歡觀看我的金魚在水里游來游去。watch sb.doing sth.“看到某人正在敏某事”，此時表示看見某個動作正在進行。I watch Tom playing football on the playground.我看到湯姆正在被場上路足球。I watched them

21、playing basketball at that time. 那時我看見他們在打置球。21.We could even smell the apple pie and feel the wind.我們甚至能間到草果餡餅的味道，并能感覺到風。smell實義動詞“嗅，聞，聞到”。Can camels smell the water a mile of? 駱駝能嗅出一英里外有水嗎？The girl is smelling the apple. 女孩正在聞那個蘋果。smell名詞“氣味；嗅覺”。The smell made me sick. 這氣味讓我惡心。smell連系動詞，后面跟形容詞構成系表

22、結構，“聞起來”。22.The flowers smell sweet. 這些花聞起來很香。feel及物動詞“感覺到”。Did you feel the earthquake?你感到地震了嗎?I can feel something in my shoe.我能感到鞋里有東西。23.feel連系動詞表示某人的感覺，以人作主語。I don't feel very well today.我今天感到不太舒服。We all felt rather worried.我們都感到很著急。表示某物摸起來給人的感覺，通常要以被摸之物作主語。Your hand feels cold. 你的手摸起來很涼。Si

23、lk feels soft and smooth. 絲綢摸起來柔軟平滑。24.I bought a couple of key rings for classmates. 我為同學們買了幾個鑰匙環。a couple of “幾個，幾件”，a couple of“兩個”。couple“兩人，兩件事物；幾個人，幾件事物”，也可表示“夫妻；情侶”。He keeps a couple of dogs.他養了兩只狗。They are a newly-married couple.他們是新婚夫婦。pair與couple都可指“一雙，一對”pair指兩部分有機結合，缺一不可；couple，任工何兩個同樣或同

24、類的東西，可分可合。25.Im sure youll love them. 我確信你會喜歡他們。sure 形容詞“確信的，肯定的”be sure of +名詞+代詞感到對.有把握或確信主語：人be sure +that 從句be sure to do sth推測一定或必然會主語：人或物Take it easy.I'm sure of it. 別著急，我對它有把握。I'm sure that I can pass the exam. 我確信我能通過這次考試。She's sure to arrive on time. 她一定會準時到達的。make sure“確保；查明”，后

25、接of短語或賓語從句。They scored another goal and made sure of victory.他們又進了一個球，這就贏定了。Make sure that they know nothing about our plan.絕對不能讓他們知道我們的計劃。26.Ar the end of the day,we watched the fireworks in front of Sleeping Beauty Castle.在那一天的最后，我們在睡美人城堡前觀看了煙火。at the end of“在的末尾，在.的盡頭”。There is a supermarket at t

26、he end of the road.在 路的盡頭有一家超市。at the end of在.的末尾，在.的盡頭指時間或位置by the end of 到.為止指時間in the end結果，最后指時間，=finallyThey often have no money at the end of a month. 他們的錢常常不能花到月底。Anyhow,you should be back by the end of the meting.你無論如何要在會議結束之前回來。In the end,they became good friends.最后，他們成了好朋友。27.in front of“在

27、.的前面”，表示位置關系，相當于介詞before。I am sitting in front of Tom. 我正坐在湯姆的前面。in front of表示一者在另一者的前面，兩者之間不存在并容關系，是一種外部相對位置的關系。The girl in front of the TV.女孩在電視機前面。in the front of表示一者在另一者內部的前面，兩者存在位置上的相容關系，是一種內部相對的位置關系。Miss Li is in the front of the classroom.李老師在教室的前方。28. beauty可數名詞“美人，美好的東西”。不可數名詞時“美，美麗，漂亮”。Don

28、't you think she is a beauty? 難道你不認為她是個美女嗎?If I have time,I can go out to enjoy the beauty of nature.如果我有時間，我可以出去享受自然之美。beautiful形容詞“美麗的”；beautifully副詞“美好地，漂亮地”。Her mother is a beautiful woman. 她媽媽是一位美麗的女人。She sings beautifully. 她唱歌很動聽。15. Where did you go during your stay there? 你們在那兒期間去了哪里?dur

29、ing介詞，意為“在期間”。He came to see me during my illness. 我生病期間他來看過我。I only saw her once during my stay in Rome. 我在羅馬逗留期間只見過她一次。during用于某事是在某一段時間之內發生時，強調動作或狀態的持續性。During those tree months he asked a lot of question.在那三個月里他問了許多問題。in一般情況下與during互換，但表示某一動作發生在某一段時間內，用inin+一段時間用于一般將來時We usually take a holiday i

30、n July.我們經常在7月份度假。He will be back in an hour.他將在一個小時后回來。forfor+一段時間，用于某事持續多久Toms was in school for only three months.湯姆只在學校學習了3個月。16.stay可數名詞“逗留，停留”。一般用單數形式。When I went to England,I enjoyed my stay. 我在英國的時候過得很輸快。stay不及物動詞“逗留；留下”。We stayed there for three hours. 我們在那里待了3個小時。stay連系動詞“保持”。相當于keep，后面接形容

31、詞作表語。The weather stayed fine for two days. 兩天都是晴天。17.How long did you stay in the park? 你們在樂園里待了多久?how long“多長時間，多久”。How long have you learned English? 你學習英語多長時間了?how long“（延續）多長時間”，用for或since引導的時間狀語回答。How long have you lived here?你在這住多久了？Since I was born.我自從出生以來一直住在這里。how soon“還要多長（時間）才.”，多用于將來時，用“

32、in+一段時間”回答How soon will they come back?他們要多久才回來？Theyll come back in two weeks.他們兩周之后回來。how often“多久一次”，提問動作發生的頻率How often do you go home?你多久回家一次？Once a week. 一周一次。18.What do you think was the best part of the day? 你認為那天最好的是什么?do you think在句中作插入語，意為“你認為”，它后面的部分常用陳述語序。插入語一般是對一句話作適當的附加解釋，若將其去掉，對整個句子并無多

33、大影響。若把插入語提到句子的前面，它就會成為主要部分，而原來的主要部分則成為一個從句。你認為她什么時候會回來?When do you think she will be back?(do you think為插入語）Do you think when she will be back?(do you think為主句）19.family可數名詞“家，家庭，家人”families family是集合名詞，作主語時，若指家庭這個整體，則謂語動詞用單數形式；指家庭成員時，被視為復數，謂語動詞要用復數形式。 His family is big. 他的家庭是一個大家庭。 His family all l

34、ike reading. 他們全家人都喜歡讀書。20.Suzy is not at home at the moment.蘇西現在不在家。at the moment介詞短語“此刻；現在”，=now用于一般現在時或現在進行時的句子中，作時間狀語moment可數名詞“瞬間；片刻”。I have nothing to do at the moment. 現在我無事可做。We are watching a movie at the moment. 此刻我們正在看電影。at that moment“在那時候”，用于一般過去時或過去進行時。The girl was washing her clothes

35、at that moment. 在那時候，那個女孩正在洗衣服。21.I see Andy playing on the sand too. 我看見安迪也在沙灘上玩。see sb.doing sth.“看見某人在做某事”。We saw some young people running wildly in the street.我們看見一些年輕人（正)在街上狂跑。see sb doing sth“看見某人正在做某事”，強調動作的正在進行I saw a monkey eating bananas.看見一只猴子正在吃香蕉。see sb do sth“看見某人做過某事”，強調動作自始至終的全過程I s

36、aw them get on the bus.我看見他們上了公交車。22.He has been away from Beijing for a week. 他離開北京一周了。be away“不在”，表示“離開”的狀態，可以和一段時間連用，away后若有“地點”須加from，即be away from。He has been away from his hometown since 1992.自1992年以來，他就離開了家鄉。leave “離開”，非延續性動詞，不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用。23.The film has been on for 20 minutes. 電影已經上演20分鐘了。

37、be on“上演；開著”，可以表示延續狀態。 The film has been on for half an hour. 電影已經上演半個小時了。Are the lights in your room on? 你房間的燈開著嗎?24. die不及物動詞“死”。dies(第三人稱單數）died（過去式）dying（現在分詞）dead（形容詞）death（名詞）。She is dying. 她快要死了。His father died ten years ago. 他的父親十年前去世了。die非延續性動詞動作不延續，與時間點連用，常用于一般過去時He died 3 years ago.他三年前去世

38、。dead形容詞與系動詞構成系表結構，用于現在時態He has been dead for 3 years.他去世3年了。25.arrive不及物動詞“到達” arrive at +小地點 arrive in+大地點26.I have kept it with me for a few days.我借了它幾天了。for介詞“達；計”，表示動作或情況持續的時間長度。Bake the cake for 40 minutes. 將蛋趙烘烤40分鐘。We have stayed here for two months. 我們已在這兒待了兩個月了。for作介詞的其他用法：（表示目的、用途）為了；供He

39、does everything only for money. 他做什么都是為了錢。(表示對象）為，給；對于；關于；至于，對而言What did you get for your birthday? 你收到了什么生日禮物?Watching TV too much is bad for your health. 看電視太多對你的健康有害。（表示目標、去向）往；到My father has left for Shanghai. 我爸爸已動身去上海了。（表示約定的時間）在（時間）It's time for supper. 是吃晚飯的時候了。贊成；支持；同意Are you for this p

40、lan or against it? 你是支持還是反對這個計劃?代替；代表I looked after the kids for her. 我替她照看孩子。（表示解釋理由）因為，由于She was angry with him for being late.她因他遲到而生氣了。27.The first dolphin show began at 11:30 a.m.第一場海豚表演是在上午11：30開始的。show可數名詞“節目，表演，展覽”。There was a fashion show in the theatre yesterday.昨天在劇院里有一場時裝表演。on show展覽，展出T

41、here were a lot of old things on show in the museum last week.上周，博物館里展出了許多古董。show及物動詞“出示，給看”show sb.sth.和show sth.to sb.。Let me show you my new sweater.=let me show my new sweater to you.讓我把我的新毛衣給你看看。28.She can go there all year round.一年到頭她都可以到那兒去。all year round“一年到頭，全年”。Some birds stay in the wetla

42、nd all year round.有些鳥兒一年到頭待在濕地。Mother says that the weather in Kunming is good all year round.媽媽說昆明的天氣一年到頭都很好。all day long“整天，一天到晚”。You shouldn't watch TV all day long. 你不該一天到晚看電視。29.She can go there in any season except winter.除了冬季之外，她可以在任何季節去那里。except介詞“除了之外”，“從整體中除去”，有“減”的意思。She goes to work

43、every day except Sunday.除了星期天，她每天都上班。（星期天不上班）besides“除之外，還有”，有“加”的意思。Besides Japanese,I can speak French.除了日語之外，我還會講法語。（日語、法語都會講）except for“除之外”，指非同類事物間的排除，用于對前文所敘述情況的修訂和補充。Your composition is rather good except for some spelling mistakes.除了幾個拼寫錯誤之外，你的作文相當不錯。30.mountain指又高又大或連城片的“大山，高山，山脈，群山”Qomolan

44、gma is the highest mountain in the world.珠穆朗瑪峰是世界上最高的山峰。mount指“.山”，通常放在山名之前，也可縮略為MtMount Tai 泰山Mount Huang 黃山hill指“小山，丘陵”，比mountain小The people in town often climb the hill in the morning.城鎮上的人常常在早上去爬山。31.There may be some rain,but the weather is usually nice at that time of year.那里可能會下雨，但那時候，天氣通常很宜人

45、。may 情態動詞，表示猜測，意為“可能”。The girl isn't here.She may be in the teachers' office.那個女孩不在這里，她可能在老師的辦公室里。The boy is very clever.He may know how to work it out.那個男孩很聰明，他可能知道如何解出這道題。may be情態動詞+動詞原形“也許”，表示猜測，may be 后跟名詞、形容詞、介詞短語等，用作表語。maybe副詞“也許，大概”，通常放在句首，相當于perhapsYou may be right. =Maybe you are ri

46、ght. 你也許是對的32.rain不可數名詞“雨，雨水”。The crops need rain.莊稱需要雨水。rain可數名詞“一場雨”。There was a heavy rain last nigh. 昨天晚上下了一場大雨。rain不及物動詞“下雨”。It often rains here in summer. 這兒夏天經常下雨。rainy形容詞“下雨的，多雨的”。The girl left the hometown on a rainy day.在一個下雨天，那個女孩離開了家鄉。33.My dad has been to Chengdu on business twice. 我爸爸去

47、成都出差過兩次。on business“出差”His father often goes abroad on business. 他爸爸經常去國外出差。business可數名詞“企業，商店，工廠”。They don't know how to run a business. 他們不知道怎樣經營一家公司。business不可數名詞“商業，生意”。do business with sb.意為“和某人做生意”。33.did some shopping購物“do some+v-ing”“做某事”，.ing后不能再接名詞或代詞作賓語。他打算洗衣服。He is going to do some w

48、ashing.()He is going to do some washing the shirt.(x)Are you going to do some shopping on Sunday? 你打算星期天去購物嗎?do some reading讀書 do some writing寫東西do some listening 聽錄音 do some washing洗衣服do some cooking做飯 do some cleaning打掃34.Went fishing by the lake 去湖邊釣魚.Go fishing“去釣魚”，“go+v-ing”“去做”，多用于體育活動和業余活動。g

49、o shopping去購物 go swimming去游泳go skating去滑冰 go sightseeing去觀光go skiing去滑雪 go hiking去遠足go camping去野營 go walking去散步35.My parents and I left for the airport in the early morning.我和我的父母一大早勵身去了機場。leave for“動身去.，后接地點名詞。leave A for B表示“離開A地去B地”。After breakfast，Tony left for school. 平飯過后托尼動身去了學校。He left Beijing for Shanghai two days ago. 兩天前他離開北京去上海了。leave及物或不及物動詞，“離開”。Miss Smith is leaving China tomo