1、family and children 家庭類1. harmony:harmonious: adj2. intimate: adj closely acquainted; familiar, close 熟悉的，親密的，親 切的intimacy: n close familiarity or friendship; closeness 熟悉，親密，親切3. accompany: v (l)go somewhere with (someone) as a companion or escort 陪伴，護送 to go together with sb/stheg. he went to amer

2、ica accompanied by his wife and three children.the two sisters are to accompany us to airport.(2) (often as be accompanied) be present or occur at the same time as (something else)伴隨，與一起發生eg. the illness is often accompanied by fever*.4. spoil: (1) to change sth good into sth bad, unpleasant,useless

3、, etc, to ruin sth損壞，糟蹋，破壞eg. our holiday is spoilt by bad weathereating between meals will spoil your appetite(2) give child everything they want or ask for; to do too much for sb, esp a child, so that you have a bad effect on his/her character 寵壞，慣壞5. affluent: (esp of a group or area) having a gr

4、eat deal money,wealthy (尤指團體或地區)有錢的，富裕的eg. only the affluent could afford to travel abroad6. spare: adj (1) not used for work, free 閑暇的，空余的eg. what do you usually do in your spare time?(2) not needed now but kept because it may be needed in the future 備 用的，后備的eg. the spare tyre is kept in the boot.a

5、 spare roomn: an item kept in case another item of the same type is lost, broken, or worn out 備用品eg. the fuse has blown. where do you keep your spares?v: (1) spare sth for sb/ spare sb sth: to be able to give sth to sb 騰出, 撥 出eg. i suppose i can spare you a few minutes.(2) spare sb (from) sth/doing

6、sth: to save sb from having an unpleasant experience使避免(不愉快的經歷)eg. you could spare yourself waiting if you book in advancespare no effort/expense to do sth: to do sth as well as possible without limiting the money, time, etc involved 不遺余力；不惜花費eg. he spared no effort in trying to find a job.no expens

7、e was spared at the wedding.7.1mpoverish: with obj make (a person or area ) poor 使人，地區貧窮opp enrichimpoverished: adj poorthe impoverished farmers/masses/soil8. well-educated; well-manneredwell known: famous/prestigious/prominent/eminenta well-known television personalitywell made: adj a well made fil

8、mwell dressed: adj wearing smart or fashionable clotheswell done: adj (used about meat) cooked for a long time (rare/medium)well informed: adj having or showing much knowledge about a wide range of subjects, or about one particular subjectwell intentioned: adj well intentioned advice9. moral: adj co

9、ncerned with the principles of right and wrong behaviour and the goodness or badness of human character 道德(上白勺)a moral judgementmorals: n 道德，品行，倫理 the corr叩tion of public moralsimmoral:morality: neg. the past few years have seen a sharp decline in morality.10. virtue: n a quality considered morally

10、good or desirable in a person. 美德eg. the patience is a virtue.thriftiness(thrifty) is a virtue. opp extravagant11. filial piety12. deprive: v deprive sb/sth of sth: to prevent sb/sth from having sth; to take away sth from sb 使不能享有，剝奪，奪去eg. the prisoners were deprived of fooddeprivation: n13. domesti

11、c: adj (1) relating to the running of a home or to family relationseg. domestic violence/appliancedomestic chores/tasksdomestic water/gas/electricity supplies(2) domestic dogs(3) existing or occurring inside a particular country, not foreign or internationaleg. chinese domestic affairs/politics/flig

12、hts14. nuclear family/ extended family15. mistreat: abuse構詞法：mis-, mal-: bad, wrong 壞，錯eg. misunderstand mistreat mistake misbehaviour misadministration misallocate misapply(misapplication) misapprehendmisallocate: v fail to allocate something efficiently or fairly 不當分配， 不公平分配misapply: v (一般作 be mis

13、applied) use something for the wrongpurpose or in the wrong way 用錯, 誤用, 濫用misapplication： n 誤用，濫用（公款）misapprehend: vapprehend： v understand or perceive 理解，領會misapprehension: n a mistaken belief about or interpretation of something誤解，誤會eg. under the misapprehension that.（同位語從句）i was under the misappr

14、ehension that this course was for beginners. 我誤以為這門課是為初學者設的misapprehensive: adj （人）易誤會的，會誤解的eg. malnutrition malpractice malfunctionmalperformance malpositionmalperformance: n faulty or inadequate performance of a task錯誤操作，不當操作malposition: n （醫）錯位，胎位不正malpractice: n careless, wrong or illegal behavi

15、our while in a professional job玩忽職守，失職；瀆職，徇私舞弊eg. victims of medical malpractice 醫療事故的受害者investigations into malpractices and abuses of power對徇私舞弊和濫用職權的調查16. strengthen: v make or become stronger 加強，鞏固，變強oppweaken eg. the success in the election strengthened the party9s position considerably.exercis

16、es to strengthen your musclesstrengthen family bond 加強家庭紐帶17. overcome generation gap 消除代溝18. maintain： v (1) to make sth continue at the same level, standard, etc 維持；保持eg. we need to maintain the quality of our goods but not increase the price.(2) to keep sth in good condition by checking and repai

17、ring it regularly 保養，維修to maintain a road/building/machinethe house is large and expensive to maintain.maintain contact among family memebers 保持家人間的溝通maintain social stabilityisolate： v cause a person or place to be or remain alone or apart from others使隔離，使孤立，使脫離seperateisolate sb/sth from sb/sthwe need to isolate all the animals with the disease so that the others don't catch it.eg. a country which is isolated from the rest of the worldisolation: n19. alienate: v使某人感到孤立或疏遠alienation: n構詞法：ate(v)ation(