1、精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載高中英語語法精講精練- 名詞性從句一.名詞性從句的語法功能與分類在復合句中起名詞作用的從句叫名詞性從句nounclauses；名詞性從句的功能相當于名詞或名詞詞組、 它在復合句中能擔任主語.賓語.表語.同位語.介詞賓語等,因此依據它在句中不同的語法功能,名詞性從句又可分別稱為主語從句.賓語從句. 表語從句和同位語從句；主語從句： 假如一個句子在復合句中充當一個主語,那么這個句子就為主語從句；1) what he is going to dois not clear.2) who will be our monitorhasn t been decided ye

2、t.賓語從句： 假如一個句子在復合句中用作賓語,那么這個句子就叫做賓語從句；1) jack said that he had something important to do.2) i want to knowif/whether there is a train to beijing.表語從句： 假如一個句子在復合句中用作表語,那么這個句子就叫做表語從句；the trouble is that i have lost his address .同位語從句：用作同位語的從句叫做同位語從句；一般情形下同位語從句跟在某些名詞,如 news,idea,fact,word（消息） ,question

3、, thought ,doubt , order, promise, hope, message, information 等的后面,用以說明該名詞所表達的詳細內容；關聯詞多用從屬連詞that；1) they were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.2) where did you get the idea that i could not come.3) early in the day came the news that germany had declared war on russia.【留意】 that

4、 引導的同位語從句與定語從句的區分 定語從句為修飾限制它前面的名詞,因此,它為屬于形容詞性從句；而同位語從句屬于名詞性從句,它為用來說明它前面的名詞內容的,或者說為說明前面名詞的內容；換而言之：同位語從句和先行詞為同等的關系；而定語從句為用來修飾先行詞,為從屬的關系；精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載同位語從句定語從句精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載闡明它前面的名詞詳細內容； thesuggestionthatwe【should】 clean the room buy turns is good.限定它前面的名詞的范疇或補充一些情形； the suggestion 【

5、that 】he put forward at the meeting is good.精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載區分 that 只起連接從句的作用,無意義；在從句中不充當句子成分；不行省 略； the news thatmr.li willbe our new english teacher is true. that 替代先行詞在從句中不僅起連接作用,仍充當一個句子成分（主語或賓語）；如在從句中作動詞的賓語時可省略； the news 【that/which】 he told me yesterday is true.精品學

6、習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載 只有在內容方面可進一步闡明的名詞；（可以帶同位語的名詞多為抽象名詞 ）；如：news,fact, idea, question, suggestion 等； 幾乎任何名詞都可以帶定語從句； the apple【that/which 】 he gave me is a red one.精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載區分：galileo collected facts b the earth goes round the sun.galileo collected facts d proved the earth goes round th

7、e sun.a. whichb. thatc. of whichd. a and b【考點點撥】在 suggestion ,advice , request , order 等意為 “建議；命令；要求”的名詞后,名詞性從 句中的謂語動詞通常用“should +動詞原形 ”的虛擬語氣結構,句中的 should 可以省略； 例如：my suggestion is that we should start early tomorrow.我的建議為我們明天一早就動身； this is our only request that this （should ）be settled as soon as p

8、ossible.這就為我們唯獨的懇求：盡快解決這個問題；此類詞有：精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載一“堅持 ” insist二“命令 ” order、 command三“建議 ” adviseadvice、 suggestsuggestion、 propose proposal四“要求 ” require、 request、 desire、 demand二.名詞性從句連接詞的選用名詞性從句一般有以下三種連接詞：1. 從屬連詞that , if 和 whether ；that 在句中無實際意義,只起連接作用,但不行以省略；if 不行以用于句首；whether he ll come

9、here isn t clear.he told us that they would help us though the whole work.2. 連接代詞主要有who、 whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever , whatever ,whichever等；whoever comes is welcome.what concerns me most is who will be my teacher next term.3. 連接副詞主要有when , where ,why , how , whenever , wherever ,

10、however 等；none of us knows where these new books can be bought.the question under discussion is where we will hold the meeting. 留意 不能使用if 的情形a. 主語從句b. 表語從句c. 同位語從句d. 介詞后的賓語從句e. whether to do做動詞賓語不能用if to do.f. 與 or not連在一起引導賓語從句時不用if.留意1 ：that / what的辨用精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載1. he wants is a book.2.

11、 he wants to go there is obvious.3. we should pay attention to the teacher is saying.4. he told us he felt ill.5. the result is we won the game.6. this is we want to know.7. i have no idea he did that afternoon.8. the fact she works hard is well known to us all.規章：1.that 在名詞性從句中不充當任何成分,只起連接作用2. what

12、 除起連接作用外,仍在名詞性從句中充當成分,可做從句的主語.賓語.或表語；留意2 ：whether與if的辨用規章： 1.在由形式主語it引導的主語從句及在vt動詞后面的賓語從句中,表“為否 ”,whether/if都可以用； 2.在前置主語從句.表語從句.同位語從句和跟在介詞后面的賓語從句中,表“為否 ”, 只能 用 whether ； 3.在 whetheror not和 whether to do中 whether 不能換成if練習： if / whether1. i asked her she had a bike.2. i don t know he is well or not.3

13、. we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. 4.it hasn't been decided we shall attend the meeting.5. we re worried about he is safe.6. the question is he should do it.7. the doctor can hardly answer the question the old man will recover soon.8. i don t know to go or to

14、 stay at home.附加練習1.i doubt he can speak english.2.i don t doubt he can speak english.留意3 ：whatever與no matter what的辨用精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載whatever 有兩個用法,一為引導名詞性從句（如主語從句.賓語從句.表語從句）,二為用于引導讓步狀語從句；no matter what 只能引導讓步狀語從句（不能引導名詞性從句）,其意為“無論什么 ”；【留意】這樣用的 no matter what 與引導狀語從句的 whatever 用法相同,有時可互換；如： n

15、o matter what you say、 i believe you. =whatever you say、 i believe you. 無論你說什么,我都信任你；一. 2021 年高考真題鏈接1. 全國卷 i 卷 33.we haven t discussed yet we are going to place our new furniture.a. thatb. whichc. whatd. where2. 全國 ii 卷 10 have you finished the book ？ no. i ve read up to the children discover the se

16、cret cave.a. whichb. whatc. thatd. where 3. 北京卷 31.i want to be liked and loved fori am inside.a. whob. wherec. whatd. how4. 北京卷 32.part ofthe reason charles dickenslovedhis own novel、davidcopperfield、was it was rather closely modeled on his own life.a. whatb. thatc. whyd. whether5. 北京卷 33.some peop

17、le regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.a. whetherb. whatc. thatd. how6. 福建卷 35. we should respect food and think about the people who don ht avewe have here and treat food nicely.a. thatb. whichc. whatd. whether7. 湖南卷 35. cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears .no one in

18、the office knew she was so angry.精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載a. whereb. whetherc. thatd. why8. 江蘇卷 35. i prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on sundays. that s i don t agree. you should have a more active life.a. whereb. howc. whend. what9. 遼寧卷 34. -it nso use having ideas only .-don

19、 t worry. peter can show you to turn an idea into an act.a. howb. whoc. whatd. where10.山東卷 26. before the sales start、 i make a list of my kids will need for the coming season.a. whyb. whatc. howd. which11.陜西卷 18. it never occurred to me you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.a. whic

20、hb. whatc. thatd. if12.四川卷 14. how much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely onhe goes with、 whether his friends or relatives.a. whatb. whoc. howd. why 13.天津卷 14. as a new graduate、 he doesn t know it takes to stasrst ahebrues.inea. howb. whatc. whend. which14.重慶卷 25. to improve the quality

21、 of our products、 we asked for suggestionshad used the products.a. whoeverb. whoc. whicheverd. which 15.浙江卷 1.how about camping this weekend、 just for a change. ok、 you want.精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載a. whicheverb. howeverc. whateverd. whoever16.浙江卷 9. it is uncertain _side effect the medicine will bri

22、ng about、 although about two thousand patients have taken it.a. thatb. whatc. howd. whether17.上海卷 36. one reason for her preference for city life isshe can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.a. thatb. howc. whatd. why18.上海卷 37. when changing lanes、 a driver should use his turning

23、signal to let other drivers know.a. he is entering which laneb. which lane he is enteringc. is he entering which laned. which lane is he entering二.句子翻譯1. 請把獎品給先來的人；2. 孩子長大后,要勉勵他們做力所能及的家務；3. 越來越多的高校生面臨著這樣一個事實、 找一份合適的工作實屬不易；face4. 他近視眼的緣由為連續四五個小時不停地看書；5. 毫無疑問政府會實行措施來阻擋疾病的擴散；（ doubt）6. 會議為否會如期舉辦仍沒有被最終打

24、算；（ decide）7. 她遲到的緣由為要照料她生病的妹妹；（ take care of）8. 中國參與了世貿組織不僅為個龐大的挑戰,而且為個很好的機遇；（ not onlybut a）lso精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載9. 據報道,到目前為止,已經有2 個孩子在洪水中失去了生命；（ it ）10. 人類不得不接受這樣一個事實：由于溫室效應,全球氣候正在變暖； （ because of）參考答案：一. 2021 年高考真題鏈接ddcbb6-10cdaab11-15cbbac16-18bab二.句子翻譯1. 請把獎品給先來的人；please give the prize to

25、 whoever comes first.2. 孩子長大后,要勉勵他們做力所能及的家務；when children grow up、 they should be encouraged to do whatever housework they can do.3. 越來越多的高校生面臨著這樣一個事實、:找一份合適的工作實屬不易；facemore and more college students are faced with the fact that it is very hard to find a suitable job.4. 他近視眼的緣由為連續四五個小時不停地看書；the reason why he became short-sighted was th