1、精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載第七講中學英語情態動詞講解一.情態動詞的概念情態動詞本身有詳細的詞義,但也同助動詞一樣, 需要與其他詞語一起構成句子的謂語；情態動詞有四個特點： 不能單獨做謂語,必需與其他動詞一起構成謂語； 沒有人稱和數的變化； 情態動詞后必需跟動詞原形； 具有助動詞功能；二.情態動詞的用法1. can 的用法：1) 表示才能,譯為“能.會”,即有某種才能,特別為生來具備的才能,此時may和must不行代替它；精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載例句：she can swim fast、 but i can她能游得很t快.,但我不能；精品學習資料精選學習資料 - -

2、 - 歡迎下載例句： i can see with my eyes.我用眼睛看；2) 表示許可,常在口語中；這里可以用may 代替；例句： you can/may use my dictionary.你可以用我的字典；3) 表示估計,意為“可能”,常用于否定句和疑問句中,此時can t不為“不能”而為“不行能”；例句： the news is true.這消息為真的；一般疑問句：is the news true.這消息為真的嗎？表估計.懷疑：can the news be true.這個消息會為真的嗎？例句： - can it be our teacher.那個人有可能為我們老師嗎？- no、

3、 it can t be our teacher. he isvisiting the great wall.不行能；咱們老師正在游玩長城呢；【例題】 i think miss gao must be in the library. she said she would go there. no. she be there、 i have just been there.a. can tb. mustntc. needntd. wouldnt 留意： can 和 be able to的區分表達“能夠”的時候,兩者可以互換；但為微小的差別在于：can強調與生俱來的才能, “能夠”；精品學習資料精

4、選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載be able to為后天習得的才能或者經過努力.拼搏.奮斗而做成的事,“有才能做” ；例句： they can/are able to be here on time.他們能夠準時趕到；例句： they were able to arrive here on time with his help.有了他的幫忙,他們就能準時趕到這里了；例句： they can arrive here on time.他們能夠準時趕到這里；2. could的用法：1) can 的過去式,意為“能.會”,表示過去的才能；例句： he could write poems when h

5、e was 10.他十歲時就會寫詩；2) could在疑問句中,表示委婉的語氣,此時could沒有過去式的意思；例句： could you give me a hand.你能幫我個忙嗎？例句：could i use your pen.我能用一下你的鋼筆嗎. yes、 you can.可以；（留意回答為can 能夠）3. may的用法：1) 表示懇求.許可,比can 正式例句： may i borrow your bike.我可以借你的自行車嗎？例句： you may go home now.現在你可以回家了；【例題】 i borrow your mp3. sure . here you are

6、.a. mayb. shouldc. mustd. would2) 表示估計,談論可能性,意為“可能,或許”,一般用于確定句中；例句： it may rain tomorrow .明天可能會下雨；例句： she may be at home.她可能在家呢 .3) may的過去式為might,表示估計,可能性低于may ；例句： he is away from school. he might be sick.他離開學校了、可能為他生病了；4) 表示期望.祈求.希望,常可譯為“希望”；句型通常為may +主語 + 動詞原形；例句： may you have a good time.祝你過得開心；

7、例句： may you be happy.祝你幸福！精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載例句： may you succeed！祝你勝利！4. must的用法：1) must表示主觀看法,意為“必需.肯定”；例句：you must stay here until i come back.在我回來之前你必需呆在這兒；例句： must i hand in my homework right now.我必需現在交作業嗎？2) 其否定形式m ustnt表示“禁止, 不準, 不答應”. “肯定不要”. “千萬別”；例句：you mustn t play with fire. 你不許玩火；例句：

8、you mustn t be late.你肯定不要遲到；3) must表示有把握的估計, “確定”,用于確定句；例句： the light is on、 so he must be at home now.燈亮著,他現在確定在家；4) 對 must引導的疑問句回答確定回答為must否定回答為needn t 或 don t have to例句： must i finish my homework.我現在必需完成作業嗎？ no、 you needn/ nto. 、 you don t have to.不,你不必；留意 must反意問句的構成形式：當 must表示確定的判定.估計時,其反意疑問句要用

9、實際問句的助動詞來反問；例句： she must have seen the film before, hasn tshe.例句： you must have met uncle wang in the shop yesterday, didntyou.5. need的用法：1) need表示需要.必需,主要用于否定句和疑問句中；2) 用 need提問的回答：確定回答為must ,否定回答為needn t “沒有必要”或 don t have to“不；必”例句： need i stay here any longer.我仍有必要留在這兒嗎？ yes、 you must .為的； no. yo

10、u needn t /don t have to.不,你不必；精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載3) need仍可以作實義動詞,此時有人稱.數和時態的變化；假如為人作主語后邊多接動詞不定式,即need to do；例句： i need to do it at once.我需要立刻做這件事；例句： he needs to learn more about the girl.他需要多明白那個女孩； 假如為物作主語,一般用need doing與 need to be done；例如： the door needs painting. = the door needs to be pain

11、ted.那扇門需要刷一下漆；例句： your car needs repairing. = your car needs to be repaired.你的車需要修理了；6. shall的用法：shall 表示征求對方看法（多用于第一.三人稱）；例句： shall we go out for a walk.我們出去漫步好嗎？其回答方式有以下幾種：yes、 please.all right.no、 thank you.在英語中,我們可以用其他多種方式提出我們的建議或征求對方看法；1) 用“let's do.”來提出建議；例句： let's go for a walk after

12、supper.我們晚飯后去漫步吧； （和聽話者一起漫步） 例句： let us go for a walk after supper.請讓我們晚飯后去漫步吧；（征求聽話者看法）2) 用“what/how about.”來提出建議ab；out后接名詞或doing形式；例句： what about/how about a drink.喝一杯怎么樣？例句： what about/how about taking tom with us.帶上湯姆和我們一起怎么樣？精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載3) 用“why not.”來提出建議,表示“何不”面后接動詞原no形t ；“whynot.”

13、實際上為“why don't you/we.”的簡略形式；例句： why not meet at the school gate at eight.不如八點在校門口見吧？例句： why don't we stay here another day.我們何不改天留在這里？4) 用“would you like.”來提出建議,意思為“你想要嗎.后”可would you like接名詞或 to do ；例句： would you like a cup of tea.你想喝杯茶嗎？例句： would you like to go and see her.你想去看看她嗎？因此,假如我們說

14、：“去游泳好嗎. ”英語中可有這樣幾種表達法： shall we go for a swim.let's go for a swim, shall we.what about/how about going swimming. why not go for a swim.would you like to go for a swim.what do you think of going for a swim.would you的回答方式有以下幾種：精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載a. yes、 i will. no、 i won t.（不嗯,不好必的了； ）精品學習資料精

15、選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載b. sure . i m sorry 、 i can（愧疚t.,不當能然；）c. all right. / ok. / with pleasure./certainly. no、 thank you .好的； / 愿意效勞； / 當然；（不,感謝； ）精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載d. yes、 please. 好的,麻煩了；【例題】 would you give me a hand and pass on my thanks to lily. .a. that s rightb. with pleasurec. it doesn t matt

16、erd. no trouble7. should的用法：1) should意為“應當”,可表示勸說.建議.義務.責任等；例句： we should protect the environment.我們應當愛護環境；2) should have done過去本應當做某事但卻沒有做,表示對過去動作的批判.批判；例句： you should have finished your homework by now.3) 到目前為止你應當已經完成作業了；（事實上你沒有完成； ）8. will的用法：will表示意愿.意志.準備,可用于多種人稱；例句：i will help you if i m free

17、this afternoon.今日下午假如我有空,我就會幫你；9.had better的用法：had better意為“最好”,沒有人稱的變化,后面接不帶to的不定式,其否定形式為：had better not；例句： we had better go now.我們最好現在就走；例句： you had better not give the book to him.你最好不要把這本書給他；精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載情態動詞練習題一.挑選題 1. john come to see us tonight、 but he isn't very sure yet.a. ma

18、yb. canc. has tod. must 2. they do well in the exam.a. can be able tob. be able toc. can able tod. are able to 3. -may i take this book out.-no、 you .a. can'tb. may notc. needn'td. aren't 4. you go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever.a. canb. mustc. dared. would 5. -c

19、an you speak japanese.-no、 i .a. mustn'tb. can'tc. needn'td. may not 6. -he be in the classroom、 i think.-no、 he be in the classroom. i saw him go home a minute ago.a. can; may notb. must; may notc. may; can'td. may; mustn't 7. even the top students in our class can't work ou

20、t this problem、 so it be very difficult.a. mayb. mustc. cand. need 8. he isn't at school. i think he be ill.a. canb. willc. mustd. has to 9. i take this one.a. mayb. willc. ared. do 10. the children play football on the road.a. can'tb. canc. mustn'td. must 11. you be late for school agai

21、n next time.a. mustn'tb. needn'tc. don't have tod. don't need to 12. -must i do my homework at once.-no、 you .a. needn'tb. mustn'tc. can'td. may not 13. his arm is all right. he go and see the doctor.a. has not tob. don't have toc. haven't tod. doesn't have to

22、 14. he had to give up the plan、 he.a. didb. didn'tc. doesd. doesn't 15. must i return the hook tomorrow morning.no、 you .you can keep it longer.a. mustn'tb. can'tc. needn'td. couldn't 16. how long may i keep the book. you keep it for two weeks.a. mayb. mustc. will 17. susan、

23、 would you like to go hiking with us this afternoon.精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載 i'd love to、 but istudy for a test.a. mayb. have toc. can 18.- may i go out now、 dad.- no. you let your mother know first.a. canb. mayc. needd. must 19. - can i skate on the lake now.- no、 you . it s dangerous.a. cantb.

24、mustntc. needntd. won t20. peter doesn t mind lending you his camera. he . i ve already borrowed one.a. needntb. can tc. mustn td. shouldnt21. good morning. i've got an appointment with ms king in her office. morning. you be mr. jones. this way、 please.a. willb. mustc. cand、 might 22. -dad、 the

25、bread is not enough. i am still hungry.i have something more.- but there s nothing in the fridge now.a. mustb. needc. willd. can 23. where's my music disc. i can't see it. you'd betterthe disc carefully in your bedroom.a. look upb. look throughc. look for 24. - do we have to go to school

26、 this afternoon.- yes、 you .a. mustb. canc. need 25. congratulations. you've got the first prize in the english contest. it be true. it's unbelievable.a. mayb. shouldc. mustd. can 26. -may we go home now .- no、 you . youto go home until 5 o clock.a. mustn t; are allowedb. don t have to; are supposedc. needn t; aren t allowedd. can t; aren't supposed二.填空題：1. must we leave now. no、 we .we still have two more hours.2. can you