1、【中考英語專項復習一一賓語從句】 (一) 賓語從句的種類 賓語從句在句中作及物動詞的賓語， 或介詞的賓語，或形容詞的賓語。根據引導 賓語從句的不同連詞，賓語從句可分為三類。 1. 由 that 引導的賓語從句。that 只有語法作用，沒有實在的意義，在口語和非 正式文體中可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wan ted to stay at home. She doesn t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed. 2. 由連接代詞 who, whom, whose, what,

2、 which 和連接畐 U 詞 when, where, why, how 引導的賓語從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句中充當某個成分。 例 如： Do you know who (whom) they are wait ing for? He asked whose han dwrit ing was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I don t know why theiin is late. 3. 由 if 或 whether 引導的賓語從句。if 和 whether 在句中的意思是 是否”例如： I wa

3、nt to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him. (二) 賓語從句的語序 賓語從句的語序應為 陳述句的語序。例如： I hear (that) physics isn t easy. I think (that) you will like this school soon. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? Please tell me when we ll have the meeting. (三) 賓語從句的時態 1. 如果主句的時

4、態是一般現在時，賓語從句該用什麼時態就用什麼時態。 I don t think (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 2. 如果 主句的時態是一般過去時， 賓語從句只能用相應的過去時態(一般過去 時，過去進行時， 過去將來時，過去完成時)。例如： He asked what time it was.6. Do you know the girl in red is? He told me that he was prepari

5、 ng for the sports meet. He asked if you had written to Peter. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. 3. 如果賓語從句所陳述的是 客觀真理,其時態常用一般現在時。例如: Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. 注意： 運用虛擬語氣的情況在表示建議 suggest、advis

6、e、propose;要求 dema nd、 desire reques； 決定 decide; 命令 order、comma nd require; 堅決主張 in sist;等動詞后跟賓 語從句，用虛擬語氣：(should)+v.(原形) Eg： I suggested that you( should) study hard. He ordered that we (should )go out at once 【中考鏈接】 1. Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me _ ? A. where you buy it B. where do y

7、ou buy it C. where you bought it D. where did you buy it 2. Excuse me .Could you tell me _ I can get to the Space Museum? -Of course. You can take bus No.1. A. where B. how C. if D. why 3. _ Do you know the new mobile phone last week? -Maybe 900 yuan. I nmt quite sure. B. how much will she pay for C

8、. how much did she pay for 4. Michael Jordan has failed over and over again in his life.And that _ he succeeds. A. how much she paid for 6. Do you know the girl in red is? A. what B. whe n C. why D. where 5. Alice in Wonderland is a fantastic movie. It s about A. how did Alice end the Red Quee n s r

9、eig n（o 恐怖統治） B. what did Alice end the Red Quee n s reig n of terror C. how Alice en ded the Red Quee n s reig n of terror D. what Alice en ded the Red Quee n s reig n of terror I m not sure. Maybe a teacher. 7. What did your pare nts tha nk about your decisi on? the train leave 10. Could you tell

10、me -Fill in this form and I will give you a card. 12. -Tommy, do you know if Frank -Sorry, I have no idea. A. will go; is fine B. goes; is fine C. will go; is going to be fine D. goes; will be fine 13. No one can be sure _ in a millio n years. A. what man looks like B. what will man look like C. wha

11、t man looked like D. what man will look like 14. Sue told me that she _ shopp ing with her sister the n ext day. A. will go B. would go C. goes D. has gone 15. The n ew-desig ned car is on show no w. I won der _ . A. how much it cost B. how much did it cost C. how much it costs D. how much does it c

12、ost A. whe n B. how C. where D. what -They always let me do I think I should. A. whe n B. that C. how D. what 8. I want to know A. whe n we should arrive at the airport B. when should we arrive at the airport C. when the airport we should arrive at D. whe n the airport should we arrive at 9. -Would

13、you please tell me -At 10:00 this evening. A. whe n will the train leave B. when the train will leave C. whe n does A. how I can meet Cathy B. where I can meet Cathy C. when I can meet Cathy 11. -Do you kn ow the man with sun glasses is? -I m not sure. Maybe a reporter. A. who B. what C. where D. ho

14、w to the zoo this Sun day if it 16. -When do you thi nk _ ? -About half past five. I will pick him up at the airport. A. he will come B. will he come C. did he come D. he came 17. Our teacher told us the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rising D. rises 18. -Listen! It is still noisy in the head

15、 teacher s office. -Go and see _ they have fini shed correct ing the papers yet. A. though B. whether C. uni ess D. while 19. -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China? -Sorry. I don t know _ . A. whe n did he go abroad B. why he is going abroad C. how soon will he be back D. how long he will stay

16、abroad 20. -Do you know _ the man with sun glasses is? -I m not sure. Maybe a reporter. A. who B. what C. where D. how 1-5 CBACC 6-10 DDABA 11【解析】選 B 12【解析】選 A。結合題意湯姆，如果天氣好的話，你知道弗 蘭克這個星期六將去動物園嗎？ ”可知第一個空是賓語從句，要用一般將來時， 第二個空是條件狀語從句，要用一般現在時，故排除 B、C、D 三項，選 A。 13【解析】選 D。從語序方面先排除 B，另結合時間狀語 in a million yea

17、rs 可知 要用一般將來時， 14【解析】選 B。結合主句中的 told 和從句中的 the next day 可知要用過去將來 時，故排除 A、C、D 三項 15【解析】選 C 16【解析】選 A。問句是帶有插入語 do you think 的賓語從句，要用陳述語序， 先排除 B、C 二項；另結合答句中的 will pick him up 可知要用一般將來時，故舍 D 選 A。 17【解析】選 D。從句中所說 太陽從東邊升起”是客觀事實，所以不管主句用什 么時態，從句總是用一般現在時，故正確答案為 D. 18【解析】選 B。考查 whether 引導的賓語從句。結合題意 去看看他們是否已改

18、完了試卷” 19【解析】選 D 20【解析】選 B。四個選項都可以引導賓語從句，結合答語 “ Maybea reporter. 可知問句是在詢問人的職業，故正確答案為 B。題意為 你知道那個戴眼鏡的男 人是做什么的嗎？ ” 【中考英語專項復習一一狀語從句】 狀語從句用來修飾主句中的 動詞，副詞和形容詞 的從句叫狀語從句。根據其 含義狀語從句可分為時間狀語從句，地點狀語從句，條件狀語從句， 原因狀 語從句，結果狀語從句，比較狀語從句，目的狀語從句，讓步狀語從句。 1. 時間狀語從句 (1) 時間狀語從句常用 when, as, while, before, after, since, till,

19、 until, as soon a 連 詞來引導。 It was raining hard when got to school yesterday. While he was doing his homework, the teleph one rang. As he walked along the lake, he sang happily. He had lear ned a little Chin ese before he came to China. After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory. (2

20、) 在時間狀語從句里，通常不用將來時態，用現在時態表示將來的動作或狀 態。 I ll ring you up as soon aget to New York. I will tell him everything when he comes back. He won t beiive it until he sees it with his own eyes. 2. 條件狀語從句 (1) 條件狀語從句通常由 if, unl ess 引導。 What shall we do if it snows tomorrow? Don t leave the buildi ng unl ess I te

21、ll you to. (2) 在條件狀語從句里，謂語動詞通常用現在時態表示將來的動作或狀態。 I ll help you with your English if am free tomorrow. He won t be late unlelse is ill. (3) 祈使句+ and (or)+陳述句”在意思上相當于一個帶有條件狀語從句的復 合句。 Study hard and you will pass the exam. = If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 3. 原因狀語從句 (1) 原因狀語從句通常由 because, sinc

22、e, a 引導。 He didn t come to schOOcause he was ill. As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo. Since you can t an swer the questi on, I ll ask some one else. (2) because 表示直接原因，語氣最強。 Because 引導的原因狀語從句多放在主 句之后。回答由 why 提出的問題，只能用 because As 和 si nee 語氣較弱，一 般用來表示明顯的原因。由 as 和 since 引導的原因狀語從居多放在句首。 Why aren

23、 t going there-?BecauseI don t want to. As he has no car, he can t get there easily. Since we have no money, we can t buy it. because 和 so 不能同用在一個句子里。 4. 結果狀語從句 (1)結果狀語從句由 sothat, such that, so 引導。 He is so poor thathe can t buy a bike for his son She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.

24、 My pencil fell under the desk, so thatl couldn t see it. sothat 語 such.that 可以互換。 在由 so.that 引導的結果狀語從句中，so 是副詞，與形容詞連用。其結構是： “ .so +形容詞(副詞)+ that + 從句”。 例如：The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people. 在由 suchthat 引導的結果狀語從句中，such 是形容詞，它修飾的可以是單 數或復數可數名詞，也可以是不可數名詞；名詞前面可以帶形容詞，也可不 帶。如果是單數可數名詞，前面需加不定

25、冠詞 a 或 an。 It was such a hot day that n obody wan ted to do anything. He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.天花板) He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term. 有時上述兩種結構是可以互換的。 It was such a won derful film that all of us wan ted to see it aga in. =The film

26、was so won derful that all of us wan ted to see it aga in. It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it. =The match is so importa nt that n obody wants to miss it. (3) 如果名詞前由 many, much, little, few 等詞修飾時，只能用 so,不用 such。 Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.

27、 He has so little time that he can t go to the cine 去看電影） with you. 5比較狀語從句 比較狀語從句通常由 asas,比較級+ than 等連詞引導。 Tom runs faster than Joh n does. 6. 目的狀語從句 （1）目的狀語從句通常由 so that, i n order that （為了，以便）引導。 We started early so that we could catch the first trai n. He studies hard so that he could work bette

28、r in the future. We used the computer in order that we might save time. so that 既可引導目的狀語從句，又可引導結果狀語從句。區別這兩種從句 的辦法有兩個：1）目的狀語從句里往往帶有情態動詞 ca n, could, may, might 等。 2）從意思上看，目的狀語從句往往表示的目的很明確。例如： Speak clearly so that they may understand you.目 的狀語從句） Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. （結果狀語從句） 7.

29、讓步狀語從句 （1） 讓步狀語從句通常由 although, though（盡管，雖然）等連詞引導。 Though he is young, he knows a lot. Although I am tired, I must go on working. （2） although（though）不能用在同一個句子中。并且句子中不能再用 but。 我們不能說： Though it was raining hard, but he still went out. 應該說： Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或者：It was raini

30、ng hard, bul he still went out.（二者單獨用，但是漢語翻譯的時候，可以把 but 的含義 “但是”翻譯出來） &地點狀語從句 地點狀語從句常常由 where 來引導。例如：Where there is a will, there is a way. 總結：狀語從句分類及常用連詞： 類別 連詞 時間狀語從句 when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, once （ 但） 地點狀語從句 where, wherever 原因狀語從句 because, sin ce, as, for, now th

31、at 既然，由于） A. Though B. Since C. For D. So 2. -Do you know if he _ to play basket ball with us? -1 thi nk he will come if he _ free tomorrow. A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be 3. In the zoo if a child _ into the water and can t swim, the dolphins may come u _ him.

32、A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help C. will fall; help D. falls; helpi ng 4. I don t remember _ he worked in that city when he was young. A. what B. which C. where D. who 5. We will stay at home if my aunt _ to visit us tomorrow. A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming 6. The police asked the

33、 childre n _ cross the street _ the traffic lights turned gree n. A. not; before B. don t; wherC. not to; until D. not; after 7.1 was late for class yesterday _ there was somethi ng wrong with my bike. A. whe n B. that C. un til D. because 8. I ll go swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow. A. will b

34、e B. shall be C. am D. was 9. I n the exam, the _ you are, _ the _ mistakes you will make. A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less 10. You should finish your less ons _ you go out to play. 目的狀語從句 結果狀語從句 條件狀語從句 讓步狀語從句 比較狀語從句 方式狀語從句 【中考鏈接】 in order that(

35、為了，以便),so that so that, so that, such that, that if, uni ess, as(so)l ong as though, although, eve n if, eve n though, however, whatever as as, so as, than as, as if, as though he s old, he can still carry this heavy bag. 1. A. before B. after C. whe n D. while 11. I hurried _ I wouldn t be late for

36、 class. A. since B. so that C. as if D. uni ess 12. When you read the book, you dbetter make a mark _ you have any questi ons. A. which B. that C. where D. though 13. The teacher raised his voice _ all the stude nts could hear him. A. for B. so that C. because D. in order 14. He took off his coat _

37、he felt hot. A. because B. as C. if D. since 15. It is _ that we d like to go out for a walk. A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day 16. Mary had _ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day. A. such B. so C. too D. very 17. _ I felt very tired, I trie

38、d to fin ish the work. A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if 18. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As 19. _ well you can drive, you must drive carefully. A. Solong as B. In order that C. No matterhow D. The mome nt 20. Write to me as soon as you _ to Beiji ng. A.

39、 will get B. get C. getting D. Got 1. A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.A6.C 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.A11.B 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.B 【中考英語專項復習一一定語從句】 一、 定語從句的概念 在復合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。 被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先 行詞，定語從句一般放在先行詞的后面。 二、 定語從句的關系詞 引導定語從句的關系詞有關系代詞和關系副詞， 常見的關系代詞包括 that,which， who （賓格 whom，所有格 whose）等，關系畐寸詞包括 wh

40、ere, when，why 等。 關系代詞和關系副詞放在先行詞及定語從句之間起連接作用， 同時又作定語從句 的重要成分。 三、 定語從句的分類 根據定語從句與先行詞的關系，定語從句可分為限制性定語從句及非限制性定語 從句。限制性定語從句緊跟先行詞，主句與從句不用逗號分開，從句不可省去， 非限制性定語從句主句與從句之間有逗號分開， 起補充說明作用，如省去，意思 仍完整。 四、關系代詞的用法 1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在從句中作主語或賓語，作主語時不 可省略，作賓語可省略。例如： Mary likes music that is quiet and gen tie 瑪麗喜歡輕

41、柔的音樂。（that 作主語） The coat（ that） I put on the desk is blue 我放在桌子上的那件外套是藍色的。（that 作賓語）2.which用于指物，在句中作主語或賓語，作主語不可省略，作賓語可 省略。例如： The buildi ng which sta nds n ear the train stati on is a supermarket 位于火車站附近的 那座大樓是一家超市。（作主語） The film （ which） we saw last ni ght was won derful.我們昨天晚上看的那部電影 很好看。（作賓語） 3.wh

42、o，whom 用于指人，who 用作主語，whom 用作賓語。在口語中，有時可 用 who 代替 whom， 也可省略。例如： The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.經常在英語方面幫助 我的那個女孩是英國人。（作主語） Who is the teacher（ whom） Li Mi ng is talki ng to ?正在與李明談話的老師是誰？ （作賓語） （1） 當定語從句中含有介詞，介詞放在句末時， who，that，which 可省略，但 介詞在關系代詞前時，只能用“介詞 +which/whom ”結構。

43、例如： This is the house in which we lived last year 這是我們去年居住的房子。 Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.請告訴我你從誰那借的 這本英文小說。 （2） 含有介詞的固定動詞詞組中，介詞不可前置，只能放在原來的位置上。例 如： This is the pers on whom you are look ing for.這就是你要找的那個人。 （3） that 作介詞的賓語時，介詞不能放它的前面，只能放在從句中動詞的后面。 例如： The city that she l

44、ives in is very far away 她居住的城市非常遠。 （4） 關系詞只能用 that 的情況： a. 先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級所修飾，或本身是序數詞、基數詞、形容詞 最高級時，只能用 that，而不用 which.例如： He was the first pers on that passed the exam 他 是第一個通過考試的人。 b. 被修飾的先行詞為 all， any，much， many，everything, anything，none, the one 等不定代詞時，只能用 that，而不用 which.例如： Is there any thi ng t

45、hat you want to buy in the shop？ 你在商店里有什么東西要買 嗎？ c. 先行詞被 the only， the very， the same the last， little， few 等詞修飾時， 只能用 that，而不用 which.例如： This is the same bike that I lost就是我丟的那輛自行車。 d. 先行詞里同時含有人或物時，只能用 that，而不用 which.例如： I can remember well the pers ons and some pictures that I saw in the room 我能清楚

46、 記得我在那個房間所見到的人和一些照片。 e. 以 who 或 which 引導的特殊疑問句，為避免重復，只能用 that 例如： Who is the girl that is cryin g? 正在哭泣的那個女孩是誰？ f. 主句是 there be 結構，修飾主語的定語從句用 that，而不用 which.例如： There is a book on the desk that bel ongs to Tom 桌子上那本書是湯姆的。 (5) 關系詞只能用 which，而不用 that 的情況： a. 先行詞為 that， those 時，用 which， 而不用 that.例如： Wha

47、t s that which is under the desk 在桌子底下的那些東西是什么？ b. 關系代詞前有介詞時，一般用 which，而不用 that.例如： This is the room in which he lives.這是他居住的房間。 c. 引導非限制性定語從句，用 which，而不用 that.例如： Tom came back which made us happy.湯姆回來了，這使我們很高興。 五、關系副詞的用法 關系副詞：在句中作狀語 關系副詞=介詞+關系代詞 why=for which where=in/ at/ on/ . which (介詞同先行詞搭配) w

48、hen=during/ on/ in/ . which (介詞同先行詞搭配 ) (1) when 指時間，其先行詞表示時間，在句中作時間狀語。例如： This was the time whe n he arrived 這是他至 U 達的時間。 (2) where 指地點，其先行詞表示地點，在句中作地點狀語。例如： This is place where he works 這是他工作的地點。 (3) why 指原因，其先行詞是原因，起原因狀語作用。例如： Nobody knows the reas on why he is ofte n late for school.沒人知道他為什么上學總

49、遲到。 【中考鏈接】 1. Nearly all the streets are in straight lin es, _ from east to west. Those _ run from n orth to south are called ave nu es. A. running; that B. run; who C. running; who D. run; that 2. This is the case _ he s had all his money stolen. A. whe n B. where C. that D. on which 3. Mr. Smith w

50、ill pay a visit to Beijing this autumn, _ we will enjoy the Olympic Games in 2008. A. where B. when C. which D. how 4. The artist will not paint people or ani mals but he will paint anything _ . A. that the little girl asks him B. the little girl asks him to C. for the little girl to ask him D. what

51、 the little girl asks him 5. How did you get in touch with the travel age nt, Robin? Oh, thats easy. I surfed the Internet and the n called one _ the telepho ne nu mber is provided. A. which B. i n which C. of which D. whose 6. October 15 th is my birthday, _ I will n ever forget. A. whe n B. that C

52、. what D. which 7. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point _he can walk correctly and safely. A. whe n B. where C. which D. whose 8. There are several research cen ters in China _ a certa in disease called Bird Flu is being studied. A. which B. where C. whe n D. what 9. I hop

53、e that the little _I have bee n able to do does good to them all. A. which B. what C. that D. whe n 10. The time is not far away _moder n com muni catio ns will become widespread in China s vast coun tryside. A. as B. whe n C. un til D. before 11. _ is known to everybody, Taiwa n is a part of Chi na

54、. We must un ify it. A. It B. As C. Which D. What 12. I shall n ever forget the day _ Shen Zhou V was laun ched, _ has a great effect on my life. A. whe n, which B. that, which C. which, that D. whe n, that 13. The bread my wife makes is much better tha n _ you can buy at a store. A. that which B. o

55、ne that C. that of which D. this of which 14. There is no such place _ you dream of in all this world. A. that B. what C. which D. as 15. The people, _ had bee n damaged by the flood, were give n help by the Red Cross. A. all whose homes B. all of whose homes C. all their homes D. all of their homes

56、 16. The humans are destroying nature day by day, _ of course, will cause severe puni shme nt from it sooner or later. A. who B. whe n C. on which D. Which 17. Is this research cen ter _ you visited the moder n equipme nt last year? A. where B. that C. the one that D. the one where 18. Some pictures

57、 of the river brought the days back to the old _ they swam in it. A. whe n B. that C. who D. where 19. The man showed us so heavy a stone _ no man can lift. A. that B. as C. which D. and 20. He stayed there for quite a long time, duri ng _ time he lear ned much spoken English. A. that B. this C. whi

58、ch D. same 答案與解析： 1. A.主語與 run（延伸）是主動關系，所以用現在分詞。Those 指街道，所以不 用 who 而用 that來引導定語從句。 2. B.因為在此題中 where 引導定語從句，表示“在這種種況下”，與 in which 相當。 3. A.因為先行詞是 Beijing 而不是 this autumn 所以用 where 引導定語從句。 4. B.答案 B 是省略了關系代詞 that 的定語從句，另外，to 后還省略了動詞原 形 pa in to 5. C.因為 of which 引導定語從句，并在從句中作定語。of which the teleph on

59、e nu mber = whose teleph one nu mber 6. D.因為這是個非限制性定語從句，先行詞是前面一句話的內容。 7. B.因為表示“階段、程度、地步”的 the point 在定語從句中作地點狀語， 所以用 where 引導定語從句。 8. B.因為先行詞是 research centers 并在定語從句中作狀語，所以用 whereo 9. C.因為當先行詞是表示事物的 all, little, few, much, anything, everything, nothing 等時， 多用 that引導定語從句。 10. 因為先行詞是 the time，且在定語從句

60、中作狀語，所以用 when 引導。此 題的先行詞與定語從句被主句謂語分開了，要善于辨別。 11. B.先行詞是 Taiwan is a part of China 整個主句，一般由 as 或 which 引導定 語從句，但 which 引導的定語從句只能放在主句之后，另外， as 有“正如” 之意，而 which 沒有，所以用 aso 順便說說，原句改為：It is known to everybody that Taiwa n is =What is known to everybody is that Taiwa n is 12. A.兩空都是考查定語從句，先行詞分別是 the day 和 She