1、非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)11. to do 2.-ing 3.done非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)2非謂語不定式（不定式（to do)V-ingV-edas a nounas adj. or adv.現在分詞現在分詞動名詞動名詞過去分詞過去分詞非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 的分類的分類非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)3非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)4 Smoking is bad for health.2. His hobby is swimming. 3. I heard the girl singing in the classroom.4. The man talking with

2、 my father is Mr. Wang.5. He decided to try again.找出下列句子中的非謂語動詞（含短語）找出下列句子中的非謂語動詞（含短語）isisheardisdecided非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)5非謂語動詞的句法作用非謂語非謂語動詞動詞主語主語賓語賓語表語表語定語定語賓補賓補狀語狀語不定式不定式動名詞動名詞現在分詞現在分詞過去分詞過去分詞非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)6非非謂謂語語動動詞詞的的句句法法口口訣訣 不定式本領強，六種成分都能當。 動名詞不示弱，主賓表定用的上。 兩分詞互不讓，表定狀補爭亮相。主語 賓語 表語 定語 狀語 補語不定式 #

3、 # # # # #動名詞 # # # #分詞 # # # #非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)7 一一、考查非謂語動詞作主語、考查非謂語動詞作主語 能作主語的非謂語動詞有不定式和動名詞。二者的能作主語的非謂語動詞有不定式和動名詞。二者的 區別是：表示某一區別是：表示某一具體具體的動作時，多用的動作時，多用不定式不定式；表示比；表示比 較較抽象的一般行為抽象的一般行為傾向的，多用傾向的，多用動名詞動名詞。動名詞作主語。動名詞作主語 時通常位于句首；不定式作主語時常置于句末，用時通常位于句首；不定式作主語時常置于句末，用it it 作形式主語放在句首。作形式主語放在句首。 1) Smoking i

4、s prohibited(禁止禁止)here. 2) It is not very good for you to smoke so much. 3) Collecting information is very important to business men. 4) Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.( (抽象抽象) )( (具體具體) )非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)8vItbe名詞名詞/形容詞形容詞to dovItbe形容詞形容詞 for sb /of sbto dovIt takes/took sb +時間時間+to do

5、It is necessary _(spend) enough time on English if you want to learn it well. to spend非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)91). To make a plan first is a good idea. = It is a good idea to make a plan first. 2). It takes three hours to walk there. It is possible for him to master the art of speaking.It was careless of hi

6、m to break the coffee cup.= He was careless to break the coffee cup.非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)102. 2. 動名詞或不定式都可以在句中作主語，但動名詞或不定式都可以在句中作主語，但在下列句型中常用動名詞作主語。在下列句型中常用動名詞作主語。It is/was no use/goodnot any use/goodof little use/gooduseless+doing sth.It is no use crying over spilt milk.It is of little good staying up t

7、oo late every day. 若主語和表語都是非謂語動詞若主語和表語都是非謂語動詞, , 應保持形式應保持形式 上的一致。上的一致。 Seeing is believing. To see is to believe. 非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)11二、考查非謂語動詞作賓語二、考查非謂語動詞作賓語 不定式和動名詞都可作動詞或介詞的賓語。不定式和動名詞都可作動詞或介詞的賓語。 1. 有些動詞后只跟不定式作賓語，如：有些動詞后只跟不定式作賓語，如： want, wish, hope, manage, demand, promise, refuse, pretend, plan, of

8、fer, decide, agree, expect等。等。非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)122. 2. 有些動詞后只跟動名詞作賓語，如有些動詞后只跟動名詞作賓語，如：admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, forgive, imagine, keep, mind, miss, practise, resist, risk, suggest, deny. 1) I cant stand _ with Jane in the same office. She just

9、refuses _ talking while she works. A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping C. working; to stop D. to work; to stop 2) He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk _ the good opportunity. A. to lose B. losing C. to be lost D. being lostCB非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)13 3. 3.有些動詞如有些動詞如intend,

10、start, continue后既可以跟后既可以跟不定式又可以跟動名詞作賓語，意義上無多大不定式又可以跟動名詞作賓語，意義上無多大區別區別。 I intend to finish/ finishing the task this morning. 但但love, like, hate, prefer后接動名詞表示經后接動名詞表示經常性的行為；接不定式表示具體的行為。常性的行為；接不定式表示具體的行為。 1). I like _ very much, but I dont like _ this afternoon. A. swimming, swimming B. to swim, to sw

11、im C. swimming, to swim D. to swim, swimming C非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)142). Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. takingAA非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)154 4. 既可接不定式又可接動名詞作賓語既可接不定式又可接動名詞作賓語, ,但不定但不定 式用被動式的形式；動名詞用主動式的形式。式用被動式的形式；動名詞用主動式的形式。 句子的意思沒有差別。句子的意思沒有差別。但句子

12、得主語一般是但句子得主語一般是 一表物的名詞或代詞。一表物的名詞或代詞。這類動詞主要有：這類動詞主要有： want、need、require等。等。1) Your watch needs repairing to be repaired.2) The windows need painting again to be painted again.非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)165. 有些動詞后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟動名詞有些動詞后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟動名詞作賓作賓 語，但意義上有區別。如語，但意義上有區別。如forget, remember, mean, regret, stop,

13、try, go on, cant help等。等。remember/ forget/ regret +v-ing 表已經發生的動作，表已經發生的動作，remember/ forget/ regret + v-ing 表動作還沒有發生表動作還沒有發生。mean doing 意思是意思是；意味著；意味著mean to do 意欲，打算要做意欲，打算要做stop to do 停下來要做停下來要做stop doing 停止正在做的動作停止正在做的動作try doing 試著做試著做try to do sth. 試圖做試圖做cant help doing sth. 情不自禁，不禁情不自禁，不禁 cant

14、 help (to) do sth. 不能幫忙做不能幫忙做非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)171). If you think treating a woman well means always _ her permission for things, think again. A. gets B. got C. to get D. getting 2). When asked by the police, he said that he remembered _ at the party, but not _. A. to arrive; leaving B. to arrive; to

15、leave C. arriving; leaving D. arriving; to leave DC非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)186. 1). I have no choice but to accept the fact. 2). Isnt it time you got down to _ the papers? A. mark B. be marked C. being marked D. marking 3). Victor apologized for _ to inform me of the change in the plan. A. his being not abl

16、e B. him not to be able C. his not being able D. him to be not able 介詞后可接動名詞或不定式作賓語。介詞后可接動名詞或不定式作賓語。DC非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)19Practice As the twentieth century came to a close, the raw materials for a great national literature were at hand, waiting _. A. to use B. to be used C. to have used D. to be using

17、 After he became conscious, he remembered _ and _ on the head with a rod. A. to attack; hit B. to be attacked; to be hit C. attacking; be hit D. having been attacked; hit BD非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)20下面從二個方面來復習非謂語動詞下面從二個方面來復習非謂語動詞1.非謂語動詞的七大經典原則非謂語動詞的七大經典原則2.非謂語動詞解題四大步驟非謂語動詞解題四大步驟非謂語動詞題的做題技巧非謂語動詞題的做題技巧非謂語動詞講解

18、課件-PPT(精)21一一.非謂語動詞的非謂語動詞的 七大經典原則七大經典原則非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)22原則一：原則一：用作目的狀語，原則上要用不定式用作目的狀語，原則上要用不定式 When asked why he went there， he said he was sent there _ for a space flight. A. training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained【解析】由于進行航空飛行訓練是他被派往那兒【解析】由于進行航空飛行訓練是他被派往那兒的目的，所以要用不定式，因此可排除的目的

19、，所以要用不定式，因此可排除 A 和和 B。另外，由于另外，由于“他他”與與“訓練訓練”為被動關系，為被動關系， 故選故選 D。 非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)232. _ this cake， youll need 2 eggs， 175 g sugar and 175 g flour. A. Having made B. Make C. To make D. Making 非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)243.As the light turned green， I stood for a moment， not _， and asked myself what I was going

20、 to do. A. moved B. moving C. to move D. Being moved【解析】由于與句子主語之間為主動關系，且表示當【解析】由于與句子主語之間為主動關系，且表示當 時持續了一會時持續了一會 兒，故用兒，故用-ing。句意為：當信號燈變綠時，。句意為：當信號燈變綠時，我站在那兒一會兒沒動，心想自己該怎么辦。我站在那兒一會兒沒動，心想自己該怎么辦。 原則二原則二：用作伴隨狀語，原則上要用用作伴隨狀語，原則上要用-ing.-ing.非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)254. He sat _ to her _ the stairs. A. to listen; to

21、climb B. listening; to climb C. listening; climb D. listening; to climbing 【解析】【解析】listen是伴隨是伴隨sat而同時由主語而同時由主語he發出的，發出的，所以用所以用-ing作伴隨狀語；作伴隨狀語；listen to 后跟不帶后跟不帶to的的不定式不定式/-ing作賓補作賓補。 listen to do/doing 非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)26用括號里的詞的適當形式填空用括號里的詞的適當形式填空1. Write to the editor , _that the editor would be abl

22、e to help her（ hope ）2.She reached the top of the hill and stopped there _ on a big rock( rest )3.The secretary worked late into night , _ a long speech. ( prepare )4. _ warm, we shut all the windows. ( keep )preparingto resthopingTo keepinging形式作伴隨狀語與形式作伴隨狀語與 to doto do作目的狀語的區別：作目的狀語的區別：作伴隨狀語的作伴隨狀語

23、的inging形式與謂語動詞的動作同時發生且形式與謂語動詞的動作同時發生且前面常常帶一逗號前面常常帶一逗號; ;而作目的狀語的不定式的動作要在而作目的狀語的不定式的動作要在謂語動詞的動作之后發生前面不能用逗號。謂語動詞的動作之后發生前面不能用逗號。非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)27原則三：原則三：用作結果狀語時，可用用作結果狀語時，可用-ing-ing或不定式，其原則或不定式，其原則區別是，一般用區別是，一般用-ing-ing，表示一定邏輯的結果，即結果在，表示一定邏輯的結果，即結果在意料之中。不定式用作結果狀語表示非邏輯的結果，即意料之中。不定式用作結果狀語表示非邏輯的結果，即結果在意料之

24、外結果在意料之外。5. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_ in the natural light during the day. A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let 【解析【解析 此處用此處用-ing 表示自然而然的結果。表示自然而然的結果。 如：如：It rained heavily， causing severe flooding in that place. 大雨滂沱，造成了那個地方洪水泛濫。大雨滂沱，造成了那個地方洪水泛濫。

25、非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)286. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，_ a record US$ 57. 65 a barrel on April 4.A.have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)29 8. He hurried to the booking office only _ that all the tickets had been sold out. A. to tell B. t

26、o be told C. telling D. told 7.He hurried to the station, only _ that the train had left. A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found【解析】【解析】only to do sth 在此表示出人意料的結果。在此表示出人意料的結果。非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)30原則四原則四：凡是含有被動意義時，原則上要用過去分詞。凡是含有被動意義時，原則上要用過去分詞。但是，如果所涉及的動作尚未發生，則用不定式的被動但是，如果所涉及的動作尚未發生，則用不定式的被動式；如

27、果所涉及的動作正在進行，則用式；如果所涉及的動作正在進行，則用-ing-ing的被動式的被動式. .9.The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _. A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard【解析】根據句意，此處指的是【解析】根據句意，此處指的是“被聽見被聽見”，故要用被動式，因此，故要用被動式，因此可排除可排除 B B 和和C C。另外，由于。另外，由于“設法被聽見設法被聽見”為目的狀語，動作當為目的狀語，動作當時尚未發生

28、，故用不定式，即選時尚未發生，故用不定式，即選 A A。 非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)3110. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom. A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and close【解析】【解析】of 后應接后應接-ing，desks 與與open and close 之間存之間存在邏輯上的被動關系，又因在邏輯上的

29、被動關系，又因could be heard，所以選，所以選-ing的被動式表正在被進行的動作。的被動式表正在被進行的動作。of非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)3211. When she came in, she was surprised to find a stranger _ at the back of the classroom with his eyes_upon her. A. seating; fixing B. to seat; fixingC.having seated; fixed D. seated; fixed a stranger his eyessittingse

30、at vt.I seated myself.=I was seated.=I sat downfix ones eyes upon非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)33v1. seat和sit作為動詞，都可以表示“坐”的意思。 (1) seat是及物動詞，比較正式，常以被動形式表示主動意義。如： He is seated between Jack and Tom. 她坐在杰克和湯姆之間。 Please be seated. (=Please seat yourself.) (2) sit通常作不及物動詞用，比較口語化。如： The students are sitting at their de

31、sks. 學生們正坐在課桌旁。 Sit down, please. v2. seat還可作名詞用(而sit只能作動詞用)，常見短語take a seat (相當于have a seat或take ones seat) ，意為“坐下，就座”。如： v Take your seat, please. 請就坐。 非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)34原則五：非謂語動詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語原則原則五：非謂語動詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語原則上應與主句主語保持一致上應與主句主語保持一致. .12. Faced with a bill for $10,000，_. A. John has taken an ext

32、ra job B. the boss has given John an extra job C. an extra job has been taken D. an extra job has been given to John(be) faced withFaced with非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)3513. While watching television，_. A. the door bell rang B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings【解析】

33、因為【解析】因為 watching 的邏輯主語一定是人，排除選的邏輯主語一定是人，排除選項項 A 和和 B ；又因在又因在hear后作賓補的是省略了后作賓補的是省略了 to 的不定的不定式式， 所以選項所以選項 D 中的中的 rings 是錯誤的。是錯誤的。watching非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)36原則六：強調動作發生在主句謂語動作之前時，原則原則六：強調動作發生在主句謂語動作之前時，原則上要用完成式（根據情況上要用完成式（根據情況可用不定式的完可用不定式的完成式或成式或inging的完成式）的完成式） 14._ from other continents for millions

34、of years， Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other countries in the world. A. Being separated B. Having separatedC. Having been separated D. to be separated【解析】因為【解析】因為 Australia 與與 separate 是被動關系，且是被動關系，且 separate發生在謂語動詞發生在謂語動詞 has 之前，所以用之前，所以用-ing的完成的完成被動式作原因狀語。被動式作原因狀語。has非謂語動

35、詞講解課件-PPT(精)3715. The manager，_ it clear to us that he didnt agree with us， left the meeting room. A. who has made B. having made C. made D. making【解析】因為【解析】因為 The manager 與與 make 是主動關系，且是主動關系，且 make 發生在謂語發生在謂語 left 之前，所以用之前，所以用-ing的完成式作狀的完成式作狀語，語，having made . 相當于相當于 who had made. 的意思。的意思。left非謂語動詞

36、講解課件-PPT(精)3816.Li Ming is said _ abroad. Do you know what country Yes, In London. A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studyinghe studied in ?he will study in?he studies in?CABissb is said to do 據說據說非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)39原則七：用于名詞后作定語時，原則是：原則七：用于名詞后作定語時，原則是： 用不定式，表示動作尚未發生用不定式

37、，表示動作尚未發生; ; 用用-ing-ing，表示動作正在進行，表示動作正在進行; ; 用過去分詞，表示動作被動、完成。用過去分詞，表示動作被動、完成。17.There will be more than three hundred scientists attending the meeting _ the day after tomorrow. A. hold B. holding C. held D. to be held 18. There are hundreds of visitors _ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at

38、 Van Goghs paintings. A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. wait the meeting the day after tomorrowvisitors非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)4019. “Things _ never come again!”I couldnt help talking to myself. A. lost B. losing C. to lost D. have lost 20. The last one _ pays the meal. Agreed! A. arrived B. arrives C. to

39、arrive D. arriving ThingsThe last onelose vt. lose sb/sth注：受注：受 the first， the second . the last 修飾修飾的名詞或代詞后原則上要用不定式作定語。的名詞或代詞后原則上要用不定式作定語。 You are the second to make that mistake. 你是第二個犯這錯誤的人。你是第二個犯這錯誤的人。非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)41原則一：用作目的狀語，原則一：用作目的狀語，原則二：用作伴隨狀語，原則二：用作伴隨狀語，原則三：用作結果狀語，原則三：用作結果狀語，原則四：凡是含有被動意

40、義時，原則四：凡是含有被動意義時，原則五：非謂語動詞作狀語時，原則五：非謂語動詞作狀語時，原則六：強調動作發生在主句謂語動作原則六：強調動作發生在主句謂語動作 之前時，之前時，原則七：用于名詞后作定語時，原則七：用于名詞后作定語時，原則一：用作目的狀語，原則上用不定式原則一：用作目的狀語，原則上用不定式. .原則二：用作伴隨狀語，原則上用原則二：用作伴隨狀語，原則上用-ing.-ing.原則三：用作結果狀語，可用原則三：用作結果狀語，可用-ing/ to do ,-ing/ to do ,原則區別是：原則區別是：-ing -ing 表示一定邏輯的結果，表示一定邏輯的結果，to do to do

41、 表示非邏輯的結果。表示非邏輯的結果。原則四原則四: :凡是有被動意義時，原則上要用過去分詞。凡是有被動意義時，原則上要用過去分詞。 如果動作尚未發生，則用不定式的被動形式；如果動作尚未發生，則用不定式的被動形式； 如果動作正在進行，則用如果動作正在進行，則用-ing-ing的被動形式。的被動形式。原則五：非謂語動詞作狀語時，原則上其邏輯主語應與原則五：非謂語動詞作狀語時，原則上其邏輯主語應與主句主語保持一致。主句主語保持一致。原則六：強調動作發生在主句謂語動作之前，原則上原則六：強調動作發生在主句謂語動作之前，原則上要用完成式（要用完成式（-ing -ing 的完成式或不定式的完成式）的完成

42、式或不定式的完成式）原則七：用于名詞后作定語，原則是：不定式表示動作原則七：用于名詞后作定語，原則是：不定式表示動作尚未發生；尚未發生；-ing-ing表示動作正在進行：過去分詞表示動作完表示動作正在進行：過去分詞表示動作完成，被動。成，被動。非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)42二二. 非謂語動詞解題非謂語動詞解題四大步驟四大步驟非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)43（一）分析句子結構（一）分析句子結構, ,辨別辨別“謂語與非謂語謂語與非謂語” _many times , but he still couldnt understand it .2. _ many times , he still

43、 couldnt understand it . Having been told B. Being told C. He had been told D. Though he was toldC C_A A注意連詞注意連詞非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)443.It _ a hot day, wed better go swimming.4. _ a rainy day ; we decided not to go there. is B. to be C. beingD.It being E. It was F. beenCE注意標點符注意標點符號號沒有連詞連接獨立主格結構，其邏輯主語與句

44、子的主語不同，它獨立存在；一般有逗號與主句分開；名詞或代詞與其后的分詞，形容詞，不定式或介詞是邏輯上的主謂關系。如：It being Christmas, the government offices were closed.由于圣誕節的緣故，政府機關都休息了。There being nothing to do, we went home.沒別的事可做我們就回家了。非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)45二二. . 分析邏輯主語分析邏輯主語確定要選非謂語動詞之后，第二步要分確定要選非謂語動詞之后，第二步要分析其邏輯主語。非謂語動詞雖不能作謂析其邏輯主語。非謂語動詞雖不能作謂語，但仍具有動詞特點，語

45、，但仍具有動詞特點，其邏輯上的動其邏輯上的動作執行者就叫做邏輯主語作執行者就叫做邏輯主語。非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞作狀語作狀語時，其邏輯主語須和句子的真正時，其邏輯主語須和句子的真正主語主語一致一致。若不一致，則須。若不一致，則須加上加上自己的自己的邏輯主語邏輯主語。怎么加怎么加? ?非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)46非謂語動詞雖不能作謂語，但仍具有動詞非謂語動詞雖不能作謂語，但仍具有動詞特點，其邏輯上的動作執行者就叫做特點，其邏輯上的動作執行者就叫做邏輯邏輯主語主語，特別是當非謂語動詞作狀語時，其，特別是當非謂語動詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語通常是主句的主語，若不然，則邏輯主語通常是主句的主語，若

46、不然，則得加上自己的邏輯主語，這時就構成得加上自己的邏輯主語，這時就構成獨立獨立主格主格。非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)47 （二）找邏輯主語（二）找邏輯主語1.Walking along the street one day, she saw a little girl running up to her.2.She is reading a book found on the way.3.Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa. 一般來說，一般來說，非謂語動詞非謂語動詞作狀語作狀語, ,邏邏輯主語是輯

47、主語是句子的主語；句子的主語；非謂語動詞非謂語動詞作賓補作賓補, ,邏輯主語是邏輯主語是賓語；賓語；非謂語動詞非謂語動詞作定語作定語, ,邏輯主語是邏輯主語是被修飾詞被修飾詞。非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)48分析語態就是在確定邏輯主語之后，分析非分析語態就是在確定邏輯主語之后，分析非謂語動詞和邏輯主語在搭配使用時是謂語動詞和邏輯主語在搭配使用時是主動主動還還是是被動被動關系。關系。 _from space , the earth looks blue .2._from space , we can see the earth is blue .A. Seen B. Seeing C. To

48、 see D. SeeAB解析：句解析：句1. “1. “地球地球”被被“看起來看起來”，表，表被動被動，故選，故選A A， 用過去分詞表被動。用過去分詞表被動。 句句2. 2. 我們我們 主動看主動看.即表即表主動主動，故選，故選B B。（三）分析語態三）分析語態非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)49 A.to take B. taking C. to be taken D. takenD BEverythingthey1._ everything into consideration, they ought to have another chance.2.Everything _into

49、consideration, they ought to have another chance.非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)50（四）（四）分析時態分析時態1. The building _ now will be a restaurant .2. The building _ next year will be a restaurant .3. The building _ last year is a restaurant. having been built B.to be built C.being built D. built _C _B_D非謂語動詞講解課件-PPT(精)51二二. . 找邏輯主語找邏輯主語三、分析語態三、分析語態四、分析時態四、分析時