1、 畢 業 設 計（論 文）題 目 ： 外貿函電的語言特點姓 名 王文茜 學 號 015510211754 所在院部 成人與教育學院 專業班級 商務英語 指導教師 宋老師 日 期 2011 年 10 月 15日 畢業設計（論文）專用紙摘要外貿函電是國際貿易雙方進行商務信息溝通的重要手段，其寫作極其語言的運用成功與否對業務成敗有著極其重要的影響。在外貿函電中要堅持禮貌、完整、清楚、簡潔、具體與正確等原則。隨著經濟的發展，外貿函電在外貿交流中起著不可替代的作用。它是聯系買賣雙方之間的橋梁。作為函電，外貿函電與其它函電有相通的地方，但同時，它作為外貿函電，又具有其固有的特性,那就是外貿函電的語言特點。

2、所以，如何在話中運用語言技巧就顯得非常重要。 索引關鍵詞：外貿函電、語言特點、寫作原則畢業設計（論文）任務書系 部 成人與教育指導教師宋老師職 稱學生學生姓名王文茜專業班級 商務英語 學 號015510211754設計題目外貿函電的語言特點設計內容目標和要求外貿函電是國際貿易中溝通信息最基本的途徑之一,是一門模仿性、實踐性、操作性都很強的課程，不通過練習實踐，很難加深認識，鞏固所學知識。要書寫好外貿函電,首先必須要了解外貿函電的語言特點及一些重要原則,以塑造良好形象,達到有效溝通的目的。本文從外貌函電的文體風格、詞匯使用及句法方面分析了外貿英語函電的語言特點。本設計要求學生要運用已學的知識能進

3、行一些基本的外貿操作，深入理解外貿函電的語言特點及一些重要原則,以塑造良好形象,達到有效溝通的目的.尤其是能在外貿業務的各個環節設計特定情景進行反復操作，進行大量填空、填詞、選擇題、句子翻譯和中譯英信件的翻譯等各種類型的練習，我們才能熟練掌握運用外貿業務這些常用的句型、詞匯和短語以達到能夠正確翻譯并能擬寫同類信函的目的。設計進度可參考如下時間表，并可根據需要進行適當調整.9月26號9月30號：確定畢業設計題目和內容大綱。10月1號10月10號：在網上和圖書館收集所需資料，進行大致的資料分析和整理。10月11號10月18號：確定畢業設計所包含的內容和大致可分幾步驟寫，初步設計各功能模塊.10月1

4、9號10月25號：整理版塊，按要求修正字體和間隔，各功能模塊詳細設計與論文設計穿插進行.10月26號10月30號：最后檢查并完成畢業論文的設計指導教師簽名：年 月 日系 部審 核此表由指導教師填寫 由所在系部審畢業設計（論文）專用紙abstractenglish business correspondence is international trade both sides of business in the important means of information communication, its writing extremely language to the success

5、 or failure of the business success has significant impacts. in english business correspondence to insist on polite , complete, clear, concise, specific and correct principles.with the development of business, business correspondence plays an irreplaceable role in trading. it is a link between the b

6、uyer and the seller. as a kind of correspondence, it has the basic features of the correspondence; meanwhile, the business correspondence has its special features. such as the features in the language. key words: business correspondence, the language features, writing principals 畢業設計（論文）專用紙目 錄 摘 要 目

7、 錄 正 文chapter 1 introduction1.1 the definition of business correspondence1.2 the difference between business correspondence and general social correspondence chapter 2 the wording features of business correspondence2.1 wording features of business correspondence2.2 english business correspondence la

8、nguage has the following distinct characteristicschapter 3 the characteristics of business correspondence3.1 characteristics of business correspondence3.2 words used differently under differently conditionschapter 4 the structure of business correspondence4.1 structure of business correspondencechap

9、ter 5 the format of business correspondences5.1 the full block style5.2 the indented style5.3 the modified stylechapter 6 terms of business correspondence6.1 terms of business correspondencechapter 7 establishing business correspondence7.1 channels to know potential customers7.2 steps of writing let

10、ters of first inquiryconclusion. 致 謝. 參考文獻. 附 錄. 畢業設計（論文）專用紙chapter 1 introduction1. 1. the definition of business correspondencebusiness correspondence refers to letters, telegrams , telexes , faxes and e-mail .it includes foreign trade ( and domestic trade) of course.1.2. the difference between bu

11、siness correspondence angeneral social correspondencethe so-called business correspondence referring to the three different main features . because this is a general social correspondence are not available, we say that there are three main features of business correspondence, it is the premise of or

12、dinary business correspondence also have much in common with social correspondence, business correspondence, after all, because of a correspondence, but as the foreign correspondence has its own characteristics, so learn to read ordinary writing does not necessarily write social correspondence, will

13、 be able to read business correspondence, it is based on this - the inherent characteristics of business correspondence that it must be a independent course. in other countries, many universities has set up this course, just different name for it: business correspondence/ business communication / co

14、mmunicating in international business/so, what are the main characteristics of the business correspondence? firstly, business correspondence has its own unique language style and terminology.secondly, business correspondence is full of trade terms, acronyms and abbreviations.finally, the content of

15、business correspondence is closely related with foreign trade business practices. let's give an example of a first feature, "foreign correspondence has its own unique style and language."we are in the market for silk blouses and should be pleased if you could kindly quote us your keene

16、st prices for the goods listed below: you can view, buy a lot of things need to say so stereotyped, that quite different situation for farmer's market with daily asking price to buy something. this can be seen from the business correspondence is very polite and serious,while the language but als

17、o leisurely, and this is the language of business畢業設計（論文）專用紙correspondence style, with our words, formal, polite, restrained. the reason for this writing, in addition to this is the practice of business contacts, but also because serious and reliable official to appear sincere; courtesy to give a go

18、od impression, making money and gas is the truth; restraint to not offend each other. 畢業設計（論文）專用紙 chapter 2 the wording features of business correspondence2.1 wording features of business correspondencewriting business letters, we should always keep firmly in mind the essential features of them .it

19、is essential to follow the six cs: clearness , conciseness , courtesy ,consideration, completeness, concreteness and correctness. 2.1.1 clearness first of all, make sure that your letter is so clear that it cannot be misunderstood. this is primary goal of a business letter .when you are sure about w

20、hat you want to say , express yourself in plain and simple words . good , straightforward and simple english is what is needed for business letter .the writer must try to express himself clearly ,so that the reader will understand and respond quickly .to achieve this .the writer should follow the fo

21、llowing points:一pay attention to sentence structure to convey your meaning二avoiding ambiguous sentences and needless jargon三use plain, simple words and short sentences四statements in wellconstructed sentences and paragraphsexample（一）we shall be able to supply 10 cases of the item only.（二）we shall be

22、able to supply 10 cases only of the item. 2.1.2 concisenessconciseness means writing or saying something in the fewest words. to achieve conciseness try to avoid wordiness or redundancy. clearness and conciseness often go hand-in-hand and the elimination of wordy business jargon can help to make a l

23、etter clearer and at the same time more concise. the author should avoid wordiness and repetition, and use words to replace phrases or clauses .as we know, the purpose of writing a letter is to make yourself understood easily ,not to show how long and complicated sentences you can write . but a conc

24、ise letter is not necessarily a short one. sometimes a letter dealing perhaps with a multiplicity of matters cannot avoid being long.一.in the fewest possible words 二.briefly but completely畢業設計（論文）專用紙examplewe wish to acknowledge receipt of your letter.can change: we appreciate your letter.2.1.3 cour

25、tesy courtesy means polite while not humble. it should hardly be necessary to stress the importance of courtesy in your correspondence. to be polite is a basic principle for business letters. the courtesy writer should be sincere and tactful, thoughtful and appreciative. however, courtesy is not mer

26、e politeness. one of the most important things is promptness. punctuality will please your customer who dislikes waiting for days before he gets a reply to his letter. this means you should answer letters promptly, without keeping your recipients waiting. but if conciseness conflicts with courtesy,

27、then make a little sacrifice of conciseness. generally speaking, you will gain in clearness and conciseness by writing short sentences rather than long ones.一more than polite二sincere, tactful, thoughtful and appreciative三avoid irritating, offensive or belittling statements examplewe wish to draw you

28、r attention to a special offer which we have made in it.2.1.4 consideration there is one general principle, on which the “you” attitude in your letter we should always keep in mind the person we are writing to. that is , the writer of the letter should put yourself in the position of the recipients

29、.try to discuss problem in a positive way and avoid discussing problem in a negative way.一.try to put yourself in his place二.emphasize the you attitude三.emphasize positive pleasant factsexampleour chain stores will not close until 5p.m. every dayour chain stores close 5p.m. every day畢業設計（論文）專用紙2.1.5

30、 completeness a business communication should include all the necessary information .it is essential to check the message carefully before it is sent out. although formality in business letter-writing is rapidly giving way to a less conventional and more friendly style, completeness is still a basic

31、 requirement in order not to bring confusion.一provide all necessary information二give all questions asked三give something extra, when desirable2.1.6 concreteness concreteness means to make the message special, definite and vivid, which calls for special reply as offer, enquiring trade terms. a point t

32、hat is ambiguous in a letter will cause trouble to both sides, and further ex-change of letters for explanation will become inevitable, thus time will be lost.一to make the message specific二dont try to write in a literary style三use action rather than camouflaged verbs2.1.7 correctness correctness mea

33、ns to use appropriate and grammatical language. pay attention to name of article, specification, quantity, figure and units. it contains correct choice of formal or informal language, and correct choice of positive or negative language. it is nearly always wrong to doubt a statement made in good fai

34、th by the other side and even worse to contradict it. differences are bound to occur in business, but with diplomacy and tact, they can be overcome and settled without ill will on either side.一to choose the only accurate name of article, specification, quantity, figure, and units.二to pay attention t

35、o the understanding and using the commercial terms correctly三to pay attention to the spelling of words, the use of punctuation and capital 畢業設計（論文）專用紙words, and the structure of sentences.2. 2. english business correspondence language has the following distinct characteristics:2.2.1 ordinary word or

36、dinary word is the commonly used words in everyday english, english people can understand and use words. as time goes on, correspondence english more colloquial content, use as far as possible simple and understandable vocabulary, avoid those born monarch long words or letters. the following terms o

37、f excerpts from immigrants are: (1), we hope you would be connected with place an order for men 's shirts with us (. 2) we are very pleased to receive your inquiry of june 3. (3) please make shipments as soon as possible. (4) your price is indeed too high and we can' t accept it.note that th

38、e most of the language, correspondence is often used in the spoken language, in the table below, left column words and phrases is longer, more formally, and column of the right is simple and more colloquial for correspondence english, the commonly used.2.2.2. old words foreign trade english letters

39、often use some words to say foreign trade business of certain facts, explain some terms and conditions, due to be repeated use, so these words are endowed with special significance, and are part of the foreign trade of the old words or letters, foreign trade terms. for example; offer as the common e

40、veryday english vocabulary, "provide, puts forward, bid and active do things" meaning, such as in the foreign trade business, but it is "offer, offer" mean. cover is transformed into a normal vocabulary regular vocabulary. cover the general meaning is "cover", but in fo

41、reign trade involves the insurance business, it became insurance term "insurance". for example: (1) we cover all risks. (2) generally, we cover insurance wpa and war risk in the absence of definite instructions from our clients. (3) you cover the goods only for 10% above invoice value. the

42、 claim is 畢業設計（論文）專用紙about the claim. as a common standard vocabulary words claim mean "requirement, declared," in the correspondence english is "cable compensate" means the thought.2.2.3 vocabulary vocabulary is to point to a specific field of science and special terms, their pr

43、ofessional degree is higher in tone. official, sense and accurate ,do not produce the ambiguity. foreign trade english letters generally avoid using too formal or professional word, some already belongs to a cliché, or become difficult to understand, so people are being eliminated; but these wo

44、rds often can make statements take solemn style, so there is still a certain vitality, for example: as direct steamers to your port are few and far between, we have to ship via hong kong more often than not. the sentences, the few and far between, via, more often than not, mostly in the foreign trad

45、e english letters only see, all belong to the commonly used special vocabulary; when the letter involves some goods name, bank, packaging, transport and other professional when it is necessary to use the precise meaning, for example, professional vocabulary of goods name: asbestos (asbestos) ether (

46、ether); bank of language: negotiation bank) issuance l/c forward credit) invoice (bill) packing vocabulary classes: nude cargo (without goods) buck cargo (bulk goods); transportation vocabulary classes: liner (regular ship) demurrage and dispatch money (delay, the fee)2.2.4 abbreviations and referri

47、ng in order to save the space and time, the foreign trade english letters often appear in the abbreviations and referred to the main way. abbreviations divided into the following categories: (1) the first letter acronym: fob (free on board); l/c (letter of credit) d/p (documents against payment) (2)

48、 cut short words: exp. & imp. inc. : export and import incorporated: ad. : advertisement (3) mixed acronym: 4 p: product price promotion place; 3 m: minnesota mining manufacturing co. most acronyms and can be referred by familiar with the business work and find the dictionary to understand their

49、 meaning, but some acronym is people in a given context manmade, encounter this kind of situation畢業設計（論文）專用紙n, must according to the context to decide it mean, or consult the dictionary for, don't follow one's inclinations guess . 2.2.5. prepositions the prepositions in foreign trade en

50、glish correspondence application in general, more general english articles more common, therefore the domestic various levels of english business correspondence in the test, prepositions are as a single topic to test students' teaching and learning, so letter preposition in have quite important

51、role. the same letters may take back and explain several different preposition, respectively different meanings, said if not make clear the preposition usage, it often leads to mess with, mistake. the following this sentence ideographic comprehensive application of above prepositions, please underst

52、and prepositions usage, we have to make a claim against you on the shipment for $2100 on account of short weight. (we have to so goods of short weight to your claim $2100.2.2.6. the widespread use of hereby compound words  foreign trade often use english letters by here, there and where and aft

53、er, at, in, by, from, of 7, under, upon, with prepositions, etc to form a adverbial compound adjectives, such as hereafter, hereby, thereby, whereas, whereby, although in daily english rarely used, but it has a strong formal stylistic colors, thus in the foreign trade letter often use, to display th

54、eir writing seriousness and legal means. this kind of compound words from the corresponding chinese if mean more difficult to understand, but if master their structure and meaning of the relationship between the understanding, it was easy to. this kind of compound words here in this, there shall be construed as shall be construed as that, where should understand, therefore hereafter for wh