1、外文翻譯rectification circuit single-phase, three-phase leveling circuit principle of work and profile analysis method leveling circuit active inversion active status1st, outline: appears the earliest electric power electronic circuit, becomes the alternating current the direct current.2nd, leveling cir

2、cuit classification:may divide into not controllably according to the composition component, partly controls, all controls three kinds.may divide into the bridge circuit and the zero type electric circuit according to the electric circuit structure.counts according to the exchange input divides into

3、 the single-phase circuit and the polyphone circuit.is unidirectional according to the transformer two sides electric currents direction or bidirectional, also divides into only pats the electric circuit and the pair of racket electric circuit.single-phase controllable leveling circuitsingle-phase h

4、alf-wave controllable leveling circuit1st, belt resistive load working conditiontransformer t plays the transformation voltage and the electrical isolation role。1) characteristic:(1) the voltage and the electric current have the direct ratio, two profiles are same.(2) phase shifting scope: 。(3) alon

5、g with increasing, due reduces.(4) the crystal hydration withstands most taisho, the reverse voltage are first, introduces two important basic concepts:triggers : starts from the crystal hydration to withstand to is exerting the trigger pulse to the anode voltage to stop , indicated with a, also the

6、 name triggers the angle or the control angle.leads passes the angle: the crystal hydration is in passing condition in a power source cycle , with theta expressed.2) bulk relationsthe direct-current output voltage mean value iscontrols the direct-current output voltage size through the control trigg

7、er pulse phase the way to be called the phase control way, the abbreviation controls the way.2nd, belt anti- feeling load working condition1) anti- feeling load characteristic:(1) the inductance has the resistance function to the electric current change, causes to flow the inductance electric curren

8、t not to have the sudden change. (2) due starts to appear the negative value.2) after flow diode(1) principle of workwhen u2 zero has changed negative, vdr leads passes, due is zero, vt withstands the counter- pressure to shut off. the l storage energy had guaranteed electric current id circulates i

9、n the l-r-vdr return route, this process usually is called the after flow.(2) stoichiometric relation(2) stoichiometric relation subtotal: the vt a phase shifting scope for 180°, its withstanding most taisho, the reverse voltage peak value is. simple, but the output pulsation is big, in the tra

10、nsformer two sides electric currents contains the direct component, creates the transformer core direct current magnetization. in fact very little applies this kind of electric circuit. analyzes this electric circuit the main goal to establish the leveling circuit the basic conceptthree-phase half-w

11、ave controllable leveling circuit1st, resistive load1) structureelectric circuit characteristic:the transformer two side joints become the star type to obtain the zero curve, but a side joint becomes the triangle to avoid 3 flowing in the electrical network. three crystals hydrations separately turn

12、 on a, b, the c three-phase power source, its negative pole connects in together -moon cathode connectionnature spot:the diode time for the nature spot, is the earliest time which each crystal hydration can trigger leads passes, takes it as calculates various crystals hydration to trigger angle the

13、beginning, namely a =0°2) principle of work analysisthe a =0° transformer two time leans a and the crystal hydration vt1 current waveform, the transformer two windings electric currents has the direct component. the crystal hydration voltage waveform, is composed by 3 sectionscharacteristi

14、c: the load current is at continuously and off and on the between critical state.characteristic: the load makes and break, the crystal hydration leads passes the angle to be smaller than 120°.3) rectification voltage mean value computationwhen a <= 30°, the load current is continual, ha

15、s:當(dāng)a=0時(shí)，for when a 30°, the load makes and break, the crystal hydration leads passes the angle to reduce, this time hasthe crystal hydration withstands the most greatly reverse voltage, is the transformer two lines voltages peak value, namelymaximum forward voltage between the crystal hydration

16、 anode and the negative pole is equal to the transformer two phase voltages the peak values, namely2nd, anti- feeling load1) structurecharacteristic: anti- feeling load, l value very big, the id profile basic is straight. a <= 30° when: when rectification voltage waveform and resistive load

17、is same.a 30 o'clock u2 zero hour, vt1 has not shut off, until the vt2 pulse arrival, only then trades the class, in the -due profile appears the negative part. the id profile has the certain pulsation, but for the simplification analysis and the quantitative evaluation, may be approximate id is

18、 a level line. time the anti- feeling load phase shifting scope is 90.2nd, stoichiometric relationbecause the load current is continual, due may extracttransformer secondary current namelycrystal hydration most taisho, the reverse voltage peak value are the transformer two lines voltages peak valuet

19、he three-phase half-wave main shortcoming lies in its transformer secondary current to include the direct component, are less for this its application.the three-phase bridge type all controls the leveling circuit1st, time belt resistive load working condition1) structurethe common cathode group -dat

20、ive pole connects in the together 3 crystals hydration (vt1, vt3, vt5) altogether the anode group -ode connects in the together 3 crystals hydration (vt4, vt6, vt2) leads passes the order: vt1 - vt2 - vt3 - vt4 - vt5 - vt6when a <= 60, the due profile continuously, regarding the resistive load, t

21、he id profile and the due profile shape is same, also is continual a =30 a =60 when a 60, the due profile each in 60 has a section is zero, the due profile cannot appear the negative value when belt resistive load the three-phase bridge type all controls the leveling circuit a angle the phase shifti

22、ng scope is 120the three-phase bridge type all controls the leveling circuit the characteristic (1) 2 simultaneously to pass forms the power supply return route, common cathode group and altogether the anode group each 1, also cannot for with 1 component. (2) to trigger pulse request:according to th

23、e vt1-vt2-vt3-vt4-vt5-vt6 order, the phase misses 60 in turn. common cathode group vt1, vt3, the vt5 pulse misses 120 in turn, altogether anode group vt4, vt6, vt2 also in turn miss 120. identical about two, namely vt1 and vt4, vt3 and vt6, vt5 and vt2, the pulse differs 180. (3) due cycle pulsation

24、 6, the pulsation profile all is each time same, therefore this electric circuit is 6 pulse waves leveling circuit. (4) must guarantee simultaneously leads 2 crystals hydrations which passes to have the pulse to use two methods: one kind is the width pulse triggers one kind is the double pulse trigg

25、ers when the voltage waveform and the three-phase half-wave which (commonly used) (5) the crystal hydration withstands same, crystal hydration withstanding most taisho; the reverse voltage relations are also same.the crystal hydration and the output rectification voltage situation like table shows2n

26、d, time anti- feeling load working conditiona <= 60° when due profile continual, when working condition and belt resistive load is extremely similar. various crystals hydration passes breaks the situation, the output rectification voltage due profile, the voltage waveform which the crystal h

27、ydration withstands. the difference lies in: obtains the load current id profile is different. when the inductance enough is big, the id profile may be approximate is a level line.when a 60 o'clock anti- feeling loads working condition and resistive load is different. when resistive load, the du

28、e profile cannot appear the negative part. when anti- feeling load, the due profile can appear the negative part. when brings the anti- feeling load, the three-phase bridge type all controls the leveling circuit a angle phase shifting scope is 90.3rd, quantitative analysiswhen rectified output volta

29、ge continuously (when namely belt anti- feeling load, or belt resistive load a <= 60° when) averagebelt resistive load also a 60 o'clock, the rectification voltage mean value is:the output current mean value is: id=due /r when the rectification transformer uses the star connection, when

30、brings the anti- feeling load, the transformer two sides electric currents, its are:crystal hydration voltage, electric current and so on quantitative analysis with three-phase half-wave when is consistent. when meets the counter electromotive force anti- feeling load, when load current continual si

31、tuation, electric circuit working condition and inductive load is similar, in electric circuit each place voltage, current waveform homogeneous phase within the formula r and e respectively are in the load resistance value and the counter electromotive force value.整流電路 概述整流電路是電力電子中出現(xiàn)最早的一種，它將交流電變?yōu)橹绷麟?/p>

32、。1. 整流電路的分類(lèi)根據(jù)組成器件可分為不可控、半控，全控三種；按電路結(jié)構(gòu)可以分為橋式電路和零式電路；按交流輸入相數(shù)可分為單相電路和多相電路；按變壓器二次側(cè)電流的方向是單向或雙向，又可分為單拍電路和雙拍電路。單相可控整流電路單相半波可控整流電路1）特點(diǎn)1 帶電阻負(fù)載的工作情況 （1）變壓器t起變換電壓和隔離的作用 （2）該電路中的vt的移相范圍為 （3）調(diào)節(jié)角即可控制的大小 （4）晶閘管承受的最大反向電壓為 首先介紹兩個(gè)基本概念觸發(fā)：從晶閘管開(kāi)始承受正陽(yáng)極電壓起到施加觸發(fā)脈沖止稱(chēng)為觸發(fā)延遲角，也稱(chēng)為觸發(fā)角或延遲角。導(dǎo)通角：晶閘管在一個(gè)電源周期中處于導(dǎo)通的電角度稱(chēng)為導(dǎo)通角，用希臘語(yǔ)的第八個(gè)字母表

33、示。2）重要關(guān)系直流輸出電壓平均值為2 帶阻感負(fù)載的工作情況 單相半波可控整流電路及波形這種通過(guò)控制觸發(fā)脈沖的相位來(lái)控制直流輸出電壓大小的方式稱(chēng)為相位控制方式，簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)相控方式。1） 阻感負(fù)載的負(fù)荷特性帶阻感負(fù)載的單相半波可控整流電路波形（1）電感對(duì)電流變化有抗拒作用，這也是電流不突然變化的原因。（2）電力電子電路是非線(xiàn)性電路。2）續(xù)流二極管 單相半波帶阻感負(fù)載與續(xù)流二極管的電路及波形（1） 工作方式當(dāng)過(guò)零變負(fù)時(shí)，向vt施加反壓使其關(guān)斷，l儲(chǔ)存的能量保證了電流在回路中流通，此過(guò)程通常稱(chēng)為續(xù)流。單相半波可控整流電路的特點(diǎn)是簡(jiǎn)單，但輸出脈動(dòng)大，變壓器二次側(cè)電流中含直流分量，造成變壓器鐵心直流磁化。為使

34、變壓器鐵心不飽和，需增大鐵心面積，增大了設(shè)備容量。實(shí)際上很少用這種電路。分析該電路的目的主要是在于利用其簡(jiǎn)單易學(xué)的特點(diǎn)，建立起可控整流電路的基本概念。三相可控整流電路三相可控整流電路的介紹當(dāng)整流負(fù)載容量較大，或要求直流電壓脈沖較小時(shí)，應(yīng)采用三相整流電路，其直流側(cè)由三相電源供電。三相可控整流電路中最基本的是三相半波可控整流電路，應(yīng)用最為廣泛的是三相橋式全控整流電路。三相半波可控整流電路第一 電阻負(fù)載1）電路結(jié)構(gòu)三相橋式全控整流電路原理圖 三相橋式全控整流電路帶電阻負(fù)載時(shí)的波形電路特性為得到零線(xiàn)，變壓器二次側(cè)必須接成星形，而一次側(cè)接成三角形，避免三次諧波流入電網(wǎng)。三個(gè)晶閘管分別接入a、b、c三相電源，它們的陰極連接在了一起，稱(chēng)為共陰極接法，這種接法觸發(fā)電路有公共端，連線(xiàn)方便。自然換向點(diǎn)自然換向點(diǎn)是各相晶閘管能觸發(fā)導(dǎo)通的最早時(shí)刻，將其作為計(jì)算各晶閘管觸發(fā)角的起點(diǎn)，即當(dāng)時(shí)， 最大，為時(shí)，負(fù)載電流斷續(xù)，晶閘管導(dǎo)通角減小，此時(shí)有由晶閘管承受的最大反向電壓不難看出變壓器二次側(cè)線(xiàn)電壓的峰值，即晶閘管陽(yáng)極與陰極間的最大反向電壓等于變壓器二次相電壓的峰值，即2） 阻感負(fù)載電路結(jié)構(gòu)如果負(fù)載為阻感負(fù)載，且l值很大，整流電流的波形基本是平直的，流過(guò)晶閘管的電流接近矩形波。時(shí)，整流電壓波形與電阻負(fù)載時(shí)相同，因?yàn)閮煞N負(fù)載情況下，負(fù)載電流均連續(xù)。時(shí)，當(dāng)u2過(guò)零時(shí)，由于電感的存在，阻止電流下降，