1、Unit 10 GrammarEmphatic StructuresIt 作先行詞的作先行詞的強強調句調句 1) 陳述句：陳述句： A.肯定句肯定句 It is / was + 強調部分強調部分 + that/ who/ whom The shop assistant found that pet dog in the basement yesterday. a.It was _ who / that found that pet dog in the basement yesterday. the shop assistantb.It was _ that the shop assistan

2、t found in the basement yesterday. that_pet dogc.It was _ that the shop assistant found that pet dog yesterday. in the basementd.It was _ that the shop assistant found that pet dog in the basement. yesterdayB.強調賓語、賓補或表語強調賓語、賓補或表語Its me that he gave the parcel to. = Its to me thatIt was head of the d

3、istrict that they made him.It is a film star that she has became. C.對對until時間狀語的強調時間狀語的強調 until yesterday / until he came back -It _ until yesterday that I _ his letter. wasntreceivedD.對原因狀語從句的強調對原因狀語從句的強調 ( because / since / as / for / because of ) It was _ I wanted to pick up a dictionary that I w

4、ent there. becauseI didnt receive his letterIt was _ her husband that she go abroad. because of2)否定句和一般問句否定句和一般問句：It is not I who / that am angry. Is / Was / it + 強調部分強調部分 + that / who / whom? 3) 特殊問句：特殊問句： 疑問詞疑問詞 + is / was + it + that / who / whom? a. was it that found that pet dog in yes? The sho

5、p assistant found that pet dog in the basement yesterday. Who b. _was it that the shop assistant found inyes? Whatc. was it that the shop assistant found that pet dog yesterday? Whered. was it that the shop assistant found that pet dogin the basement? WhenWhat caused the forest fire?What was it that

6、 caused the forest fire? When did he get a doctors degree?. When was it that he got a doctors degree? Was it the shop assistant that found that pet dog in the basement yesterday? 4) it 強調句型和強調句型和 it 作主語的非強調句型：作主語的非強調句型： A. It is reported that the fire broke out last night. It is clear that B. -Whats

7、 this? - It is the dictionary that you want. C. It was to the dance that he wore his best suit last night. 1) It will be years _ we meet again. 2) It was last week _ we went to plant trees. 3) It was the morning _ we did the experiment with our professor.4) Mr. Li lives with his son here; it is two

8、years _ he was a headmaster here. (A. when B. that C. sinceD. before) beforethatwhensince5) 其它表示強調的方式其它表示強調的方式 A.倒裝倒裝: :完全完全/ /部分倒裝部分倒裝(a) Physics I like, but chemistry I hate. (b) Head of the hospital they made Smith. (c) Very happy she appeared.C.詞匯強調詞匯強調: : (a) 助動詞助動詞do, does, did: He does hope t

9、hat you will join us. Do be careful with your spelling. (b) ever, on earth, in the world: Who ever is that stranger with her? What on earth did she say to you? How in the world did she get this news? B.前置前置: :(賓語）賓語）(賓補）賓補）(表語）表語） (c)某些形容詞、副詞或詞組某些形容詞、副詞或詞組： Put it right in the middle. This is the ve

10、ry book Ive been looking for. This is just the book Ive been looking for. He is the last man to tell a lie. 一、強調句的結構： It +be +被強調部分 +that/ who/ +其他部分二、強調句型的判斷二、強調句型的判斷把把“It, be that”去掉，如果剩余部分句子結構仍然完整被去掉，如果剩余部分句子結構仍然完整被強調部分要還原到原位置），那么這個句子強調部分要還原到原位置），那么這個句子就是強調就是強調句句；如果句子不完整，則不是強調句。；如果句子不完整，則不是強調句。（1

11、）It was at theatre _ Lincoln was murdered. A where B. at which C. which D. that（2）It was the theatre _ Lincoln was murdered. A.which B. that C. where D. the oneDC 分別把兩句中的分別把兩句中的“It was”和所填部分去掉，和所填部分去掉，得到以下兩句：得到以下兩句： 1. At the theatre Lincoln was murdered. (Lincoln was murdered at the theatre.) 2.The

12、 theatre Lincoln was murdered.句（句（1）仍是一個完整的句子，是強調句；）仍是一個完整的句子，是強調句；句（句（2）句子不完整，不是強調句，而是含）句子不完整，不是強調句，而是含有定語從句的復合句。答案分別為有定語從句的復合句。答案分別為D、C。Ex.用適當的連詞填空Tom broke the window yesterday.Its Tom _ broke the window yesterday. Its the window _ Tom broke yesterday. Its yesterday _ Tom broke the window. who/ t

13、hat that that 1. 句首詞用句首詞用“It”，不能用不能用“This”，“That”等。等。2. be動詞總用單數形式，即動詞總用單數形式，即is或或was，不能用不能用復數形式復數形式are或或were。3. 被強調的部分如果是代詞，強調主語用主被強調的部分如果是代詞，強調主語用主格，強調賓語用賓格。如：格，強調賓語用賓格。如： （1）It is him that (who/ whom) I met in the street yesterday.（2）It is I who am wrong.4 主謂一致問題主謂一致問題It is they that / who often

14、help me out with his trouble. It is not I that / who is angry. am 5 對狀語或狀語從句的強調：連接詞只能用對狀語或狀語從句的強調：連接詞只能用thatIt was last night that John wore his best suit to the dance. ( 不用不用when)It was in the reading room that I met her yesterday afternoon. ( 不用不用where)It was by bike that my father often goes to w

15、ork except on rainy days. ( 不用不用how)6. 疑問句的強調結構：疑問句的強調結構： 一般疑問句一般疑問句：Is / Was + it + that +句子的句子的其他部分（陳述語序）。其他部分（陳述語序）。 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞特殊疑問詞+ is / was + it + that +句子的其他部分（陳述語序）。如：句子的其他部分（陳述語序）。如： （1）Was it in 1985 that he graduated from middle school?（2）When was it that you heard from him last ti

16、me?強調句的疑問句式：It was with great care that they finished their experiment.Was it with great care that they finished their experiment?It was her coming late to school that made our teacher unhappy.Was it her coming late to school that made our teacher unhappy.強調句的特殊疑句式：It is Jack that is making such a n

17、oise.Who is it that is making such a noise?What was it that brought about this result?He asked me who it was that took his umbrella by mistake.特殊疑問詞引導的強調結構在特殊疑問詞引導的強調結構在賓語從句中賓語從句中時，用陳述語氣。時，用陳述語氣。7. until 與強調句的混合使用：1 The little boy didnt smile until he saw his mother.2 Not until he saw his mother did

18、 the little boy smile. (主句倒裝）主句倒裝）3 It was not until he saw his mother that the little boy smiled. (強調句），此時主句不倒裝且用肯定句。強調句），此時主句不倒裝且用肯定句。It was not until the 1960s that the Australia government came to realize the importance of passing laws to (高三課本高三課本P24）從從2、3 中我們可以看出，倒裝或被強調只能出現一次。）中我們可以看出，倒裝或被強調只能

19、出現一次。）until 的用法: (not) do Auntil B 當B發生之前，A動作發生了，就不用not; 否則就要用not.1 The baby didnt stop crying until his mother came back. come back之前，之前，stop crying動作沒有發生。動作沒有發生。2 Wait until he comes back. comes back發生之前發生之前wait一直在發生。一直在發生。It would be many years until Australia learnt to respect Aborigines and rec

20、ognize the importance of a diverse society.(高三課本高三課本P22）Ex.Ex.Well _ ( stay) here until/till it stops raining.The little boy _ (smile) until he saw his mother.staydidnt smileComparing:- Did you boss phone you again the next day?- No, it was a week _ he gave me a second call.- Did you boss phone you again the next day?- No, it was after a week _ he gave me a second call.A. that B. when C. before D. sinceCAa. It was not _ she took off her dark classes _ I realized she w