1、精品文檔L5Unit2-1ListeningOneofthemostimportanthumanemotionsislove.However,therearemanydifferentkindsoflove.Romanticloveiscertainlyoneofmostinterestingkindsoflove.Itcanbebeautiful,wonderfulandheartbreaking,sometimesallofthesametime.RomanticLovecanmakeourlivesfullandmeaningfulbutitcanalsobeanescapefromlo

2、nelinessandsuffering.Ifromanticlovehasapurpose,neitherphycologistnorbiologisthasdiscoveredit.however,throughouthistory,philosopherhaveofferedopinionsaboutit.TheGeekPhilosopherPlatosaidlovemakesuscomplete.Herelatesacomicstoryinwhichhumansoriginallyhad4arms,4legsand2faces.Then,whentheyangeredtheGods,t

3、heywerecutinhalf.Sincethen,everypersonhasbeensearchingfortheirsoulmate,theotherhalfofhisorherself.Anotherphilosopherbelievedthatloveisanillusion.Inhisview,peoplefallinlovebecausetheybelievetheotherpersoncanmakethemhappy.Butinfact,thisisjustanillusiondesignedtomakeushavechildren(省略that定語從句).Oncewehav

4、echildren,wearerightbacktowherewewere,stillsearchingforhappiness.Fornature,thisisasuccessbecausewehavechildrentomaintainourspecies.Butitleadsusstillsearchingforsomethingmore.InBuddhism,romanticloveisseenasanattempttosatisfytoourdesires.Thesedesiresaredefect,somethingweneedtoovercome.Thewaywefreeours

5、elvesfromsuffering,istoremovedesires.Oncefreeofdesires,wecanreachastateofpeaceandwisdom.Thisstatesoffreeingarecalled*.精品文檔精品文檔InoneofChinagreatestclassicalnovels,DreamoftheRedChamber,loveispresentedasastateoffoolishness.Ayoungmanfallsinlovewithabeautifulwoman,whotricksandmakesfoolofhim.Thisresultsin

6、theconflictingemotionsofloveandhatewhichtearhimapart(使心碎).Tocurehim,apriestgiveshimamagicmirror.Thepriesttellshimtolookintothereversesideofthemirrorbutneverlookatthefrontside.Whentheyoungmanlooksintothemirror,hedoesntlikewhathesees,sohelooksintotheforbiddenside,thefrontside.Thereheseesthelovelyimage

7、ofhislove,whoinviteshimintothemirror,tobewithher.Hedoesitseveraltimes,untilhehasfinallydraggedaway(拖走)inchains.Hedieswhilelookingintothemirror.Perhapsthepointofthestoryisthatallsuchattachmentsshouldbeavoided.AfamousFrenchwriter,SimonedeBeauvoirhasanotherpointofview.Forher,loveisthedesiretointegratew

8、ithanother,likeinagreatfriendship.However,itsimportantthattheloversnotbecometoodependentontheotherperson.Becomingtoodependentontheotherpersoncanleadtoboredomorpowergames.Loversshouldsupporteachotherindiscoveringthemselvesanddevelopingtheirpotentials.Inthisway,romanticlovecanreachtheworld.Fallinginlo

9、vecanbeexcitingandfrightening.Maybeweloseourselvesandmaybewefindourselves.Wouldyoudaretofindout?Otherkindsofloveincludethelovebetweenaparentandchild.Ifsomethingisanillusion,itisntwhatitseemstobe.精品文檔精品文檔精品文檔精品文檔L5Unit2-1vocabularyForbiddenorprohibitedtobeagainstthelawornotallowed.Smokingisprohibited

10、onmanyairplanes.Athletesareforbiddenfromtakingcertainkindsofdrugs.Ifsomethingisallowed,itisntforbiddenorprohibited.Riskytobeabigdangerousorunsafe.Ariskyinvestmentmaynotbeagoodideaforpeoplewhoworrytoomuch.Ifyoumakeariskyinvestment,theymaylosealotofmoney.Whatlevelofriskareyouwillingtotake?Ridiculousto

11、befoolishornotmakeanysense.Theirproposalisridiculousbecauseitrequirestoomuchtimeandmoney.Withoutenoughqualitypractice,itsridiculoustoexpectmuchprogress.Innovativetocomeupwithgoodideaorwayofdoingthings.Innovativepeopleareoftencleverandcreative.Tooinnovatemeanstocomeupwithanewwayofdoingsomething.Innov

12、ativethinkingcanleadtothedevelopmentofnewproductsandservices.Conservative,tobeconservativemeanstoavoidtakingrisks.Conservativeinvestortriestomakesafeinvestments.Aconservativeinvestorwantstominimizerisks.Aconservativeofapproachtomanagementmaydiscourageinnovation.Todisguise,tochangesomethingsappearanc

13、esothatitcantberecognized.Hewasntgoodatdisguisinghimselfsoweknewwhohewasrightaway.Sheworeanddisguisesoitwasntsurewhoshewas.Toclarify,toexplainormakesomethingclear.Wewerentsurewhathemeantuntilheclarifiedhisideas.Everyonewasconfuseduntilsheclarifiedwhatshemeant.Toconfuse,tomakethingsdifficulttounderst

14、and.Theoppositeistoclarify.Everyoneis精品文檔精品文檔confused,becausethepresentationissodisorganized.Heconfusespeoplebecausehekeepschanginghisideas.Theinstructionswereconfusingsonobodyknewwhattodo.Toignore,totrynottonoticeordealwithsomething.Toactasifsomethingisntthere.Wetriedtoignoreherbutshefinallystoodup

15、andtoldeveryonetoshutup.Peopledontrespectorlikehersotheyignoreherintheoffice.Toconfirm,toindicatethatsomethingcorrectorcompleteditassusceptive.Wewontsureifhesgoingtoaccepttheofferuntilhecalledandconfirmedit.wecantstarttheprojectwithoutwrittenconfirmationthatweagreeonthedetails.Meetingsomethingonthei

16、nternetcanberisky,sobecareful.Therewereforbiddenfromgoingtothatwebsite,becauseofitscontent.Assesstothatpartofthefactoryisprohibitedforsecurityseasons.Ignorant;confusion精品文檔精品文檔L5Unit2-1dialogueWhatssofunny?whatareyouwritingabout?ImwritingaboutsomethingIsawearlierthismorning.Really,doyoukeepajournal?

17、Yes,Ido.VeryweekendIwriteaboutthingsthathappenedduringtheweek.Howlonghaveyoubeendoingit?Ivebeendoingitfairlyregularlysincehighschool.Areyougoingtoturnitintoabook?Idontknow.MaybeIwillsomethingbutfornowitsjustforme.Sowhatwassointerestingaboutwhatyousawthismorning?IwasinthesamecoffeeshopIusuallygotoand

18、agroupofteenagerscamein.Icouldnthelpwatchingthemandtrytohearsomeoftheirconversation.Thatmusthavebeeninteresting.Yes,itwas.ThemoreIwatchedthem,themoreIrealizedhowgladIamthatIdonthavetogothroughthatstateoflifeagain.Soitbroughtbacksomememories,right?Yes,itdid.ItwassoclearhowImuncomfortablesomeofthemwer

19、e.Yet,theywerepretendingtohavegoodtime.Atleast,therewasseemedtome.Whydidyouthinktheywerepretending?Itwasjustthewaytheysmiledandlaughed.Itseemedunnaturalandoverdoneasiftheywerebadactors.Acoupleofboyswerereallyawkwardaroundthegirlsandtwoofthegirlswerewearing精品文檔精品文檔toomuchmakeup.Ihadtostopmyselfandlau

20、ghing.Yes,Icanimagineit.IcanrememberwantingtobepopularwhenIwasinhighschool.Nowthatyoumentionedit,itwasntagreattime,thoughtIhadsofuntoo.Iguesseditwasntsobadatthetime,exceptwhenIwaspreparingformyuniversityentranceexaminations.Yes,thatwasawful.MyparentsputtonsofpressureonmesoIthoughtIwasgoingtogocrazy.

21、Whataboutgirls?Didyouhaveanygirlfriends?TherewasonegirlIhadacrushon,butIthoughtshewasinterestedinsomebodyelse.Ididntfindoutuntilmuchlaterthatshewasinterestedinmetoo.Itwasalostopportunity,oneofmany.Really?Youshouldbecomeawriterormakeamovie.Youhadagreatimagination.Tobehonest,itsmucheasiertoimaginethin

22、gsthanactuallydothings.Youcansaythatagain.Itseemedunnaturalandoverdone,asiftheywerebadactors.精品文檔精品文檔L5Unit2-2listeningPeoplehavewonderedaboutthenatureoflightandcolorsinceancienttimes.Somepeoplethoughtthatlightcamefromtheeyesratherthancomingintotheeyes.Tosee,lightwasprojected(投射)fromoureyes,toillumi

23、nate(照亮)thingsaswelookatthem.Nowweknowthatwhatweseeismostlyreflectedlight,likethelightfromthemoon,whichisreflectedsunlight.Lightcomesfromlightsourceandeitherentersoureyesdirectlyorafterreflectingoffthing.In1666,SirIsaacNewtonshowedthatwhenlightpastthroughaprism,itsseparatedintoalltheothercolors.Itcl

24、earlydemonstratedthatlightiscomposedofmanydifferentcolors.Thedifferencebetweencolorsisduetotheirwavelength.Aprismseparateslightintodifferentcolorsbecauseeachcolorhasdifferentwavelength.theangleinwhichacolorbendsinaprismdependsonitswavelength.Colorswithshorterwavelengthsbendmorethancolorswithlongerwa

25、velengths.Itexplainswhyredlightbendslessthanyellowlight.Thereasonisbecauseitswavelengthislonger.Ofthevisiblelight,violetlighthastheshortestwavelength,soitbendsthemost.Ifyouhaveeverpainted,youknewthatdifferentcolorscanbecombinedtocreatenewcolors.Forexample,ifyouaddwhitetoacolor,youlightenit.however,t

26、hethreeprimarycolors,red,blueandyellowcannotbemadebymixingothercolors.Itisntpossibletomixanycombinationofcolorstocreatered,blueoryellow.Mixingtwoprimarycolorscreatesasecondarycolor,suchaspurple,whichisamixingofblueandred.Mixingthreeprimarycolorscreateatertiary(第三的)colorsuchasbrownorgrey.Colorarewond

27、erfultolookat.Buttheyalsoaffectpeopleinwaysbesidessight.They精品文檔精品文檔haveapowerfuleffectonwhopeoplefeelandbehave.Artistsnoticeandsodobusinesspeople,whowanttoinfluenceonhowtheyfeelabouttheirproductsandadvertisement.Forexample,researcheshaveshownthatpeoplecanbeproductiveiftheyareworkingatablueroom.Thec

28、olorpurpleisoftenlinkedtowealthandloyaltyanditseemsasamysterious,spiritual(精神的)color.Somecolorshaveevenbeenassociatedwiththechangesinbloodpressure.Thoughcolorcaninfluencehowwefeelandact,theseeffectsmaydependonpersonalorculturalfactors.Therefore,itsimportantnottobelieveeverythingyouhearabouttheeffect

29、sofcolors.Thoughtherearedifferencesbetweencultures,thereisgeneralagreementaboutsomecolors.Thecolorred,forexample,isawarmcolor,associatedwithenergyandexcitementinmanycultures.Inchina,redisassociatewithfire,energyandgoodfortune.Ontheotherhand,oneexperimentshowthatexposingstudentstoredbeforetakingatext

30、canhaveanegativeeffect.Infact,ofallthecolors,researchshowsthatredhasthemostpowerfuleffectonhumanbehavior.Certainly,itsinterestingandimportanttobetterunderstandthepsychologicaleffectoflightandcolor.Togainabetterunderstandoftheseeffects,moreresearchisneeded.精品文檔精品文檔L5Unit2-2vocabularyTopromote,tomoves

31、omeoneupinanorganization,usuallyhehasdoneagoodjob.Wearegoingtopromotehertomanager.Ifwedontpromotehim,hewillprobablybeupset.Theoppositeofpromoteisdemote.Totransfer,tomovesomeoneorsomethingfromoneplacetoanother.ThecompanywasgoingtotransferhimtoShanghainextmonth.Shedoesntwanttobetransferredbecauseherhu

32、sbandisagainstmovingtoanothercity.Tomotivate,togetsomeoneinterestedandexcitedaboutdoingsomething.Shesreallygoodatmotivatingheremployees.Onewaytomotivatesomeoneistoencouragethembygivingthemconstructivefeedback.Topostpone,todelayorputoffsomethinguntilalaterdate.Wehadtopostponethepresentationbecauseshe

33、wasntreadytogiveit.wecantcontinuetopostponethemeetingwheretheywouldcancelitcompletely.Toevade,toescapeoravoidsomething.Theyaretryingtoevadetakingresponsibilityfortheirfailure.Hewasarrestedfortaxevasion.Toassign,togivesomeoneatexttodo.Hisbossassignedhimtoincreasesalesby15%.Hercompanyassignedhertofind

34、outmoreaboutthecompetition.Topenalize,tofineorpunishsomeonefordoingsomethingwrong.Theywerepenalizedforbreakingtherules.Youwouldbepenalizedforfewerlate.Tolayoff,tofireorsackaworkerbecausebusinessisbad.Thecompanywasfailingsohewaslaidoff.Ourcompanyhadtolayoff50%oftheemployees.Acompanymayhavetolayoffwor

35、kerswhenbusinesswasbad.精品文檔精品文檔Torecruit,tolookfornewemployeestohire.Theyareexpandingtheirbusinessandrecruitingnewemployees.Shejoinedtocompanyaftershewasrecruitedatajobfair.Toresign,tovoluntarilytoquitonesjob.Hisbossdoesntlikehim,sohewasaskedtoresigned.Sheresignedfromherjobbecauseofthehealthreasons.

36、Itwouldnthurttobealittlelessformalandtosmileonceinawhile.精品文檔精品文檔L5Unit2-2dialogueWow,youlookdifferenttoday.YoumeanImbeautiful?Whatsthemakeup?Ifeltlikedressinguptoday.Dontyoulikeit?Doyouwantmetobehonest?Ofcourse,butIknowyou.Youaresoold-fashion.Ijustthinkyoudontneedsomuchmakeuptolookbeautiful.Thatatl

37、eastlikeav?Wellnoteveryoneagreeswithyou.AndIlikelookingdifferentonceinawhile.IgladthatImnotawoman.Therearetoomanythingstodealwith.Yes,youwouldntbegoodatit.Youalwayswearthesameoldclothes,itsboring.Maybeitsboring,butitscomfortable.Yourenevergoingtofindanewgirlfriendifyoudontchange.Imnotinterestedinwom

38、ananymore.Youknowthat.Theyarenothingbuttrouble.AmItrouble?YouandIarejustopposites.YouarealwaysdoingsomethingnewandIwouldratherjustrelax.Yousoundlikeanoldman.Youneedtoactyounger.Youneedtobemoreexciting.Andthenwhat?Findmysoulmate?Really,yousoundsocynical(憤世嫉俗的).Dontyoubelieveinlove?Sure,andthemoviemay

39、be.精品文檔精品文檔Loveisanillusion.Itneverlastsandonceitstarts,itsdifficulttobreakoff.Yourproblemisthatyouexpecttoomuchfromlove.Youaretooromantic.Youneedtobemorepractical.Ithoughtyouweretheromanticone.Ihadaromanticsideyes,butImpractical.Mymanhasgottobegoodlooking,welldressandhopefullyrich.Ha-ha,butthatlets

40、meout.Yes,youvegotalottolearn.Now,wherearewegoingfordinner?Somewhereexpensive?Ok,youveconvincedmethatyourmakeupisntsobad.ButIthinkitsyourturntopay.Thatswhatyouthink.Theyllsplitthebill.精品文檔精品文檔L5Unit2-3listeningOneofthemostinterestingpeopleinhistoryisprobablysomeoneyouveneverheardof.Wewouldcallhimice

41、manbecausehisbodywasfrozeniniceforseveralthousandyears.Hisbodywasdiscoveredin1991by2hikersinmountainneartheborderofAustraliaandItaly.Thelowerpartofhisbodywasstillfrozeninicebuttheupperpartwasuncoveredandvisible.Onceabodywasextractedfromtheice,itwastakeninfortheexamination.Uponexamination,scientistsd

42、eterminedthattheicemanlivedaround53hundredyearsago.Thiswasattheendofstoneage,nearly1000yearsbeforethegreatpyramidswerebuilt.Thismadehimtheoldestmummyeverfound.Icemansbodywasingoodconditionwhenitwasfound.Peoplebelievedthatthebodywasoneofmanyhikerswhohavebeenlostinrecentyears.Nobodysuspectedthatthebod

43、ywasasoldasitwas.Ithadbeenpreservedbytheiceforthousandsofyears.Givenitsgoodcondition,studyingitwaslikeopeningawindowintime.Scientistcouldlearnalotabouthowpeoplelived5thousandyearsago.Theicemanlivedattheendofstoneage,atimeofgreatchangeinhumanhistory.Huntingwasstillmajorsourceforfoodbutpeoplewerebeginningtofarm.Peopleweresettlingdownandformingcommunities.Thesecommunitieswereclaimingterritoryandsettingupboundaries.Asaresult,sometimestheyhadtofighttodefendtheirterritoryfromoutsiders.Thevillagewheretheicem