1、初中英語情態動詞用法詳解【情態動詞知識梳理】情態動詞有具體的詞義，但也同助動詞一樣，需要與其他詞語一起構成句子的謂語，另外情態動詞沒有人稱和數的變化，情態動詞后必須跟動詞原形。考點一：can，may，must等情態動詞在陳述句中的用法：1. can的用法：（1）.表示能力、許可、可能性。表示能力時一般譯為“能、會”，即有種能力，尤其是生來具備的能力，此時may和must均不可代替它。如：She can swim fast, but I cant . （2）.表示許可，常在口語中。如：You can use my dictionary. （3）.表示推測，意為“可能”，常用于否定句和疑問句中，此

2、時cant譯為“不可能”。如：Can the news be true?No, it cant be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall.2. could的用法：（1）.can的過去式，意為“能、會”，表示過去的能力。如：He could write poems when he was 10. （2）. could在疑問句中，表示委婉的語氣，此時could沒有過去式的意思。如:Could you do me a favour?Could I use your pen?Yes, you can.（注意回答）3. may的用法：（1）.表

3、示請求、許可，比can正式，如：May I borrow your bike? You may go home now. (2) .表示推測，談論可能性，意為“可能，或許”，一般用于肯定句中。如：It may rain tomorrow . She may be at home. (3) .may的過去式為might，表示推測時。可能性低于may。如：He is away from school. He might be sick. (4) . 表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可譯為“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V例如：May you have a good time. May you be hap

4、py! May you succeed！4. must的用法：(1).must表示主觀看法，意為“必須、一定”。如：You must stay here until I come back. Must I hand in my homework right now? (2)其否定形式mustnt表示“一定不要” “千萬別” “禁止,不許”.如：You mustnt play with fire. You mustnt be late.（3）對must引導的疑問句，肯定回答為must，否定回答為neednt 或dont have to .如：Must I finish my homework?N

5、o, you neednt. (4)must表示有把握的推測，用于肯定句。如: The light is on, so he must be at home now.注意其反意問句的構成形式：當must表示肯定的判斷、推測時，其反意疑問句要用實際問句的助動詞來構成。如：She must have seen the film before，hasntshe?(注意反意疑問句的后半部分)You must have met uncle Wang in the shop yesterday，didnt you? (注意反意疑問句的后半部分)5. need的用法：（1）.need表示需要、必須，主要用于

6、否定句和疑問句中，其否定形式為neednt，意為“沒有必要，不必”。用need提問時，肯定回答為must，否定回答為neednt或dont have to。如：Need I stay here any longer?Yes, you must .No. you neednt /dont have to.(2).need還可以作實義動詞，此時有人稱、數和時態的變化，如果是人作主語后邊多接動詞不定式。如：I need to do it right now. 如果是物作主語，一般用need doing與need to be done這種情況下應注意兩點：.主動形式的動名詞doing具有被動的含義；.

7、該動名詞可以改為其動詞不定式的被動形式而句子的意義不變。例如：. The door needs painting. = The door needs to be painted. 6. dare的用法：dare意為“敢、敢于”,用法近似于need，有兩種詞性：（1）dare作為情態動詞，多用于否定句、疑問句或條件句中，無第三人稱單數形式，只有一般現在時和一般過去時。如：Dare he tell them what he knows? I darent ask her will you do it for me?（2）dare作為實義動詞，此時有人稱、數及時態的變化。如：He doesnt da

8、re to break his promise.注意：口語中，dare的各種形式常與不帶to的不定式連用。如：Do you dare tell her what I said?7. shall的用法：shall表示征求對方意見（多用于第一、三人稱），如：Shall we go out for a walk?8. should的用法：（1）.should意為“應該”，可表示勸告、建議、義務、責任等。如：We should protect the environment.（2）Should have done表示對過去動作的責備、批評。如：You should have finished your

9、 homework.9. will的用法：will表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多種人稱。如：I will help you if Im free this afternoon.10. had better的用法：had better意為“最好”，沒有人稱的變化，后面接不帶to的不定式，其否定形式為：had better not。如：We had better go now.考點二：含有情態動詞的疑問句的回答:1.對may引出的問句，可以有下列回答方式：Yes,you may. Yes, of course.Yes, certainly.Sure .No, you mustnt. No, you

10、 cant.2.對must引出的疑問句，回答方式為：Yes, must. No, neednt/ dont have to.3.could在疑問句中，表示委婉的語氣，此時could沒有過去式的意思。如:Could you do me a favour?Could I use your pen?Yes, you can.（注意回答）4. shall引出的疑問句用于第一人稱，表示征求對方意見或客氣的請求。其回答方式有以下幾種：Yes, please.All right.No, thank you.5.would you的回答方式有以下幾種：Yes, I will. (No, I wont.)Sur

11、e . (Im sorry , I cant.)All right/ OK/ With pleasure.Certainly. (No, thank you .)Yes, please.考點三:不同情態動詞的否定意義也不同：1.（1）.cant可譯為“不會”，如：I cant play basketball.（2）當句子表推測時，用cant表達不可能，如：He cant be ill. He is playing chess with Tom.（3）cant還可用來回答“ May I ? ”這樣的問句。如：May I come in ? No, you mustnt. / cant.（4）ca

12、nt還可用于固定習語中。cant help doing禁不住，情不自禁cant wait to do something迫不及待地要做2. may的否定式為may not，譯成“可能不”，如：He may not be at home.3.（1）mustnt表示不許，不可。如：He mustnt leave his room.(2) mustnt也可用于以may表示要求時的否定回答中。如：May I stand here?No, you mustnt (cant).4.（1）neednt意為“不必”。如：You neednt meet him unless youd like to.（2）ne

13、ednt + have+動詞的過去分詞，表不需要完成但已完成的動作，暗含時間或精力上的浪費。如：You neednt have bought it.你沒必要買它（但你卻買了）。5. shouldnt表示不應該。如：You shouldnt feel so unhappy over such little things.考點四:情態動詞的被動語態含有情態動詞的被動語態的結構為：情態動詞+ be + done (動詞的過去分詞)。做題時要兼顧情態動詞和被動語態這兩個方面。考點五:情態動詞表示推測的用法:一、“情態動詞+動詞原形”表示對現在的推測。1、can表示推測時一般用于否定句或疑問句。如：Th

14、at man cant be her husbandshe is still single.2、must表示肯定的推測，一般用于肯定句中。如：He must be in his office now.3、might表示推測時不一定是may的過去時，只是表示其可能性較小。如：The man may be the headmaster.4、Could表示推測時，語氣can比要弱，說話者留有余地。如：Could it be an animal?It could not be，because it is not moving.5、Should表示推測的可能性比較大，僅比must的可能性小一點。如：It

15、 is already 10 oclock now they should be there.二、情態動詞表示對過去可能發生的動作或存在過的動作的推測性用法。1、“must +have done/been-”表示“過去一定發生過某事或存在過某種狀態”，不用于“musnt+have-”形式。如：She must have seen the film before，hasntshe?(注意反意疑問句的后半部分)2、“should +have done /been-”表示“本應當做某事，而實際上并沒有做”；“shouldnt+完成式”表示“本來不應當做，而實際上卻做了”。以上結構常帶有說話者的責備的

16、感情色彩。如：You should have finished your homework earlier (but in fact you did not finish it on time).3、“neednt+完成式”表示“本來沒有必要做某事，而實際上卻做了”。如：There was plenty of time. She neednt have hurried .4、“cant /couldnt+have done /been-”表示“過去不可能發生了某事或存在過某種狀態”。如：I saw him just now. He cant have gone to Japan.5、“coul

17、d+have done/been-”表示“過去本來能夠，可以做某事或成為某種狀態，而實際上沒有”，說話者有些遺憾。6、“may/might+完成式”表示“過去可能，本來可以于某事而實際上沒有干”，might的可能性較小，語氣較弱。如：He may have finished reading the book. 【情態動詞易混點歸納】易混點一: can和be able to:兩者表示能力時用法相同，但can只有原形“can”和過去式“could”兩種形式，在其他時態中要用be able to來表示。另外be able to常常指經過努力，花費了時間和勞力之后才能做到某事。易混點二:can和may

18、1. can和may均可用來征求意見或許可，意為“可以”，一般可互換使用。如：Can/ May I help you ? 我能幫助你嗎？2. can和may表示可能性時的區別：1)在肯定句中用might，may，must，不用can2)在疑問句中表示推測用can，不用might，may，must3)在否定句中用cant（不可能），不用may，must。如：She may be in the classroom .她可能在教室里。Where can they be now?他們現在可能在哪兒？That cant be true.那不可能是真的。易混點三: may be和maybe 用法區別 常用

19、位置may be may為情態動詞，be為動詞原形 句中，作謂語maybe 副詞，大概、也許，相當于perhaps 句首，作狀語例如：He may be wrong , but Im not sure.也許他錯了，但我也不確定。易混點四：cant和mustnt1. cant根據其基本用法可譯為：（1）不會。如：I cant speak English .我不會說英語。（2）不能。如：We cant do it now because its too dark.天太黑了，我們現在干不了。（3）否定句中表示推測。“不可能”，如：The man cant be our teacher because

20、 he is much younger than our teacher.。2. mustnt意為“禁止、不許”，用來表達命令，表示強烈的語氣。如：You mustnt play football in the street. Its too dangerous.易混點五：must和have to1.must側重于個人意志和主觀上的必要。have to側重于客觀上的必要，可用于現在時、過去時和將來時。易混點六: used to do / be used to doing / be used to do/ be used for doing sthused to do表示過去常常發生的動作，強調

21、過去，只用于過去；而be used to doing意為“習慣做”；be used to do意為“被使用去做,”為被動語態形式。be used for doing sth“用作”練習題一1. -Mum， may I watch TV now？-Sure， but you _ help me with my English.A. can B. may C. must D. could2. -_ I download the article again？-No，you neednt.A. Shall B. Will C. Must D. Can3. -Can you go skating wit

22、h us this afternoon？-Sorry， I cant. I _ take care of my little sister at home.A. can B. may C. would D. have to4. -Must I hand in my exercise book today？-No， you _.A. cant B. neednt C. mustnt D. wont5. -May I have a word with you？-No， you _. Im busy today.A. neednt B. wouldnt C. dont have toD. cant6

23、. -_I have your English name， please？-Yes， Helen. H-E-L-E-N.A. Must B. May C. Will D. Need7. -Who is the boy over there？ Is it John？-No， it _ be him. John is much taller.A. mustnt B. may not C. cant D. neednt8. -Can you play Frisbee， Jay？-Yes， I _. Its easy.A. must B. can C. need D. may9.-You must c

24、ome back every month. -Yes， I _.A. will B. must C. should D. can10. She _ know the answer， but Im not sure.A. maybe B. may be C. may D. must11. - Must we clean the room right now？- No， you. You clean it after lunch.A. neednt；may B. neednt;mustC. Mustnt； can D. mustnt；may12. John_ come to see us toni

25、ght， but he isnt very sure yet.A. may B. can C. has to D. must13. Children _ play with fire.A. mustnt B. cant C. shouldnt D. neednt14. -_ I come in， Mr Green？-Yes,come in， please.A. Must B. Need C. Will D. May15. -Must I finish the work today？-No， you _. You _ finish it tomorrow.A. mustnt； may B. ca

26、nt； canC. neednt； may D. neednt； must練習題二1. _ I go out to play now，Mum? No，you_ AMay，shouldnt BCan，neednt CMust，cant DMaymustnt2. Help me with this case_ you? Adont Bwill Cdo Dshall3. They started early that morning in order that they_ there before noon Amight get Bmay get Cwould get Dgot 4. A teach

27、er do every exercise，but a pupil_ Aneednt，must Bmay not，must Cneednt, neednt Dcant, must5. If you _ do as I tell you，you_ go to the party Acan，shant Bwill, wont Cwont，shall D wont, shantAwill Bwould Cdo Dcan7. Dont believe himHis story _ be true Amustnt Bneednt Cshouldnt Dmay not8. -She must have go

28、ne back to the valley -No, she _ . The entrance to it was nowhere to be found Amustnt Bneednt Ccouldnt Dhadnt 9. You need not do it at once,_? Aneednt you Bmustnt you Cdont you Dneed you10. He must be in the classroom_ he? Amustnt Bcant Cisnt DCan11. Lets go to the libraryshall we? _ ANo，I cant BYes

29、I will CYes，thank you DNo，Wed better not12. You ought to have called him yesterday Yes, I know I_ Aought to Bought to have Cought to have done Dought to have called13. -Why did you keep it a secret from me? -I _ about it Ashould be told Bought to have been told Cshould have told Dought to be told14.

30、 The work _ be finished in such a short time Awasnt able to Bcouldnt Cought Dcould15. He looks very tiredHe _ to bed too late last night Amust go Bmust have gone Ccould go Ddidnt go16. The door _ lock Acant Bmay not Cwont Dmustnt17. As a soldier，you _ do as the head tells you Awill Bshall Cmay Dough

31、t18. How _ you be so careless? Acan Bwill Ccould Dmay 19. I talked for a long time，and in the end I_ make her believe me Acould Bcan Cmust Dwas able to20. Did you scold him for carelessness ? Yes，but _ it AId rather not do BId rather not have done CI shouldnt do DId better not do21. He neednt come t

32、o attend the meeting_ ?Adidnt he Bdoesnt he Cneed he Dmust he22. Fish _ die without water Awill Bshould Cshall Dmust23. Wed better hurryOur teacher _ us Await for Bmust wait for Cmust be waiting for Dhas waited for24. I saw him leave the room an hour agoHe _ at this time Amustnt be working Bcant be

33、working Ccant work Dmay not being working25. _ basketball every day? ADid you used to playing BDid you use to play CUse you to play DUsed you play26. Why_ you keep on troubling me with such questions while I am busy ? Acould Bcan Cmust Dwill27. -You were driving at 100km an hour, sir -But officer，I_

34、 ，my car cant go more than 90. Amay not have been Bcouldnt have been Cwould have been Dneednt have been28. You _ call him if you want to，but you_ ，for hell surely come here soon Acan，neednt Bmay, mustnt Chave to，neednt Dcan, doesnt need29. At last he _ finish the work ahead of time Acould Bwas able

35、to Ccould have done Dwould have been able to30. There must be some enemy soldiers in the forest. _ any behind the church? AMust there be BShould there be CMay there be DCan there be31. The shy girl_ dance before so many strangers， _she? Adarent，does Bdarent，dare Cdoesnt，dare Ddare notDares32. “When

36、_ he leave the hospital?” I asked the doctor Awill Bshall Ccan Dmay33. -They havent finished the work up to now -Well，they_. Ashould have Bshould Cought to Dought have34. The money was soon spent，so she _ go hungry Amust Bhad to Cmight DShould35. Jack studied hard and _ pass the examination Acould a

37、ble to Bwould Cwas able to Dought36. You dont look well，you _ have a fever Amight Bcan Cshall Dshould37. You are running a fever，you _ to see the doctor Aneed go Bmust have gone Cshould go Dcan go38. I _ take the jobNo one _ stop me Awill，can Bcan，must Cmust，can Dwill, must39. There used to be a hig

38、h tower here，_ ? Awas there Bwasnt there Cused there Dusednt there40. Whenever the teacher was not there, the children _ make a lot of noise Awill Bwould Cwere to Dwere going to41. He must be shy, _ he? A. A must Bmustnt Cis DisntB42. I must do it, _ I? Ado Bdont Cmust Dmustnt43. You did not go to t

39、he party yesterday, or I _ you. Awould see Bcould meet Cmight have seen Dmight see44. -How do you like the food here? -Oh，excellent! We _ a better hotel Acant find Bwont find Cmustnt have found Dcouldnt have found45. -We were waiting for you this time yesterday -Sorry，I _ you to tell you that I coul

40、dnt come. Amust have called Bwould have been calling Ccould have been calling Dshould have called46. -Would you mind returning the book tomorrow? -_ AOk，I will BSure, I wouldnt CYes，I wouldnt DWhy, I wouldnt47. See whos there! _ it be Mary? AMay BMust CCan DWill48. My little son _ out a1one at night Adares not go Bdares not to go Cdare not to g