Unit6FoshanI.Lead-in:GeneralIntroductionFoshanisacityincentralGuangdongprovinceinsouthernChina.Theprefecturalareaunderthecity'sjurisdictioncoversanareaofabout3,840

km2andapopulationof5.4millionofwhich1.1millionresideinthecityproper.ThetownofFoshanismanycenturiesold,andwasfamousforitsporcelainindustry.Now,thethirdlargestcityinGuangdong,ithasbecomerelativelyaffluentcomparedtootherChinesecities,andishometomanylargeprivateenterprises.FoshanhasrecentlyseenatransformationbroughtbyChina'sboomingeconomy.

FamoustouristsightsofFoshan:Ancestors'Temple(祖廟)DongHuaLi(東華里)Liang’sGarden(梁園）QinghuiGarden（清暉園）XiqiaoMountain（西樵山）NanfengAncientPorcelainKiln（南風古灶）II.Cleartheway:LanguagePoints1.adjoinv.--lieadjacenttoanotherorshareaboundarye.g.Hishouseadjoinsthelake.2.jurisdiction

n.--theterritorywithinwhichpowercanbeexercisede.g.Thecourthasnojurisdictionoverforeigndiplomatslivinginthiscountry.3.evolvev.--undergodevelopmentorevolutione.g.Hehasevolvedanewtheoryaftermanyyearsofresearch.4.ancestrala.--oforbelongingtoorinheritedfromanancestore.g.Weshouldstudyourancestralachievements.5.worshipv.--loveunquestioninglyanduncriticallyortoexcess;venerateasanidol;attendreligiousservicese.g.Theboyworshippedhisfather.6.compactlyadv.--takingupnomorespacethannecessarye.g.Thechildrenwerepackedcompactlyintothecar.

7.inclinev.--haveatendencyordispositiontodoorbesomething;beinclined

e.g.I'minclinedtobelievehiminnocent.8.insertv.--putorintroduceintosomething

e.g.Sheinsertedthekeyintothelock.9.depictionn.--agraphicorvividverbaldescriptione.g.Thesepaintingsarecolorfuldepictionsofthelocalcustoms.10.pilgrimn.--someonewhojourneystoasacredplaceasanactofreligiousdevotion

e.g.WemetmanypilgrimsontheirwaytoMecca.11.piousa.--havingorshowingorexpressingreverenceforadeity,devoutlyreligious

e.g.HeisapiousChristian.12.nourishv.--providewithnourishment

e.g.

Milkisallweneedtonourishasmallbaby.13.tamev.--makefitforcultivation,domesticlife,andservicetohumanse.g.Manykindsofsquirrelsareeasytotame.14.embroiderv.--decoratewithneedlework

e.g.Sheembroideredthecushionwithflowers.15.intact--notimpairedordiminishedinanywaye.g.Despitehismisfortunes,hisfaithandoptimismremainedintact.

16.dispelv.--forcetogoaway

e.g.Howcanwedispeltheirdoubt?

17.chivalrousa.--beingattentivetowomenlikeanidealknighte.g.Heisachivalrousoldgentleman.III.Discussion1.WhyistheNorthGodworshipedbyFoshanpeople?2.HowmanyKungfumastersarefromFoshan?Canyounamethemall?

3.WhatarethemostfamousgardensinFoshan?IV.TouristAttractionsofFoshan1.

Ancestors'Temple

TheTripleDoorwayEntrance

TheIronTripodWoodscreenTheJinxiangPondTheWanfuStageTheNorthGodTheDaoistImagesBird’sView2.DonghualiDonghualiisanancientstreetclosetoAncestors’Temple.ItisthebestpreservedoldstreetofQingDynastyinGuangdong.FoshanisthecenterofcommercesinceQingDynasty.Therefore,manyfamoushistoricalfiguresandrichbusinessmenbuilttheirhouseatDonghuali.Thesewell-designedLingnan-stylebuildingsareofgreathistoricalandculturalvalues.In2001,Donghualiwaslistedasoneofthecountry'skeyprotectedculturalsites.FoshanDonghualiMasterPlanWithunremittinghigh-risedevelopmentthreateningFoshan'sOldTown,cityofficialssoughtwaystoconservetheancientareawhilesimultaneouslycreatingasustainable,moderncentraldistrictabletomeettheinevitableneedforgrowthofaburgeoningcityof3.5million.Theplanisbuiltatadensityabletosupportanew,transit-oriented,mixed-usedowntownwhileatthesametimedefrayingthecostsofpreservingandrestoringthevibrancyofthecity'shistoricOldTownandTemple.TheFoshanPlanaimsatprovidinganewmodelforhistoricconservationandrevitalizationthatcanapplythroughoutChina.Whentheplaniscompleted,thebeautyandcharmofnewDonghualiwilldefinitelyattractmoretouristshomeandabroad.3.LiangYuanLiangYuan(Liang’sGarden)isoneofthefourfamousYuan,orprivateestates,inGuangdong.ItepitomizesthebuildingstyleoftheMing-Qingdynasties,withdelicatecraftsmanshipthroughoutthebuilding,andacompactyetelegantlydesignedgarden.Itisverywellpreserved,withmostofitsoriginalartifactsdisplayedin-house.

TheElegantGardenandIn-houseArtifacts4.QinghuiGardenLikeLiang’sGarden(LiangYuan),QinghuiGardenisalsooneofthefourfamousgardensofGuangdong.Itwasbuiltinthe5thyearofJiaqingofQingDynasty(morethan200yearsago).Mostofthestructureisdelicatelydecoratedbypaintings,carvingsandcraftarts.Togetherwithmorethan100kindsoftreesandflowers,thepondsandrockeriessetofftheingeniousarchitectureverywellandaddmorecharmandbeautytotheancientgarden.5.XiqiaoMountainXiqiaoMountainisanancientdeadvolcano.Thenaturalviewsareverybeautifulandattractive.Nowitisastate-levelfamousscenicspot.Thereare72specialpeaks,36particularcaves,lotsoflakes,fountainsanddeepswagsinthemountain.XiqiaoMountainhasalongcultureofmorethan6000years.TheancientXiqiaopeoplecreatedthebrilliantShuangjianStoneCulture.InthetimeofMingandQingDynasty,alotofscholarsandlearnerssecludedhere,whichboughtitmorefame.XiqiaoMountainisalsotheoriginoftheNanquan(akindofmartialart)Culture,becausemasterWongFei-hung(HuangFeihong)usedtolivehere.WongFei-hung

MemorialHallBaofengTempleSanhuStudy6.NanfengAncientPorcelainKilnAnotherpotentialtouristsiteinFoshanistheNanfengAncientPorcelainKilninShiWan.ItissaidtohavebeeninoperationsincetheTangdynasty,andthefireinsidehasnevergoneout.ItisstillproducingsomeofthechinawarethatmadeFoshanfamous.Surroundingthatsitearemanyworkshopsofthelocalartists.ExquisiteShiwanChinaware

(Gongzai)V.NotablePeopleFromFoshan1.KangYouweiKangYouwei(康有為，March19,1858–March31,1927)wasaChinesescholar,notedcalligrapherandprominentpoliticalthinkerandreformerofthelateQingDynasty.HeledmovementstoestablishaconstitutionalmonarchyandwasanardentChinesenationalist.HisideasinspiredareformationmovementthatwassupportedbytheGuangxuEmperorbutloathedbyEmpressDowagerCixi.AlthoughhecontinuedtoadvocateforconstitutionalmonarchyafterthefoundationoftheRepublicofChina,Kang'spoliticalideologywasneverputintopracticalapplication.

2.WongFei-hung

WongFei-hung(黃飛鴻,July9,1847-March25,1924)wasaChinesemartialartist,atraditionalChinesemedicinephysician,acupuncturistandrevolutionarywhobecameafolkheroandthesubjectofnumeroustelevisionseriesandfilms.HewasconsideredanexpertintheHungGastyleofChinesemartialarts.WongisvisiblythemostfamousHungGapractitionerofmoderntimes.Assuch,hislineagehasreceivedthemostattention.Asaphysician,WongpracticedandtaughtacupunctureandotherformsoftraditionalChinesemedicineatPo-chi-lam(寶芝林),hisprivatepracticemedicalclinicinFoshan,Guangdong,China.AmuseumdedicatedtohimwasbuiltinFoshan.Wong'smostfamousdisciplesincludedWongHon-hei(hisson),LamSai-wing,LeungFoon,TangFung,WongSai-wingandLingWan-kai.Wongwasalsoassociatedwith"BeggarSo"oftheTenTigersofCanton.3.YipManYipMan(葉問,November6,1893-December2,1972),andalsoknownasYipKai-man(葉繼問),wasaChinesemartialartist.YipisconsideredthefirstmartialartsmastertoteachWingChunopenly.Hehadseveralstudentswholaterbecamemartialartsteachersintheirownright,includingmartialartsfilmactorBruceLee.YipManandhisstudent--BruceLeeThelegendofYipManisshowedintwofilmsdirectedbythefamousHongkongmoviedirector,WilsonYipWaiShun.Bothfilmsbecameaboxofficesuccess.4.BruceLeeBruceLee(27November1940

–20July1973)wasaChineseAmericanactor,martialartsinstructor,philosopher,filmdirector,filmproducer,screenwriter,andfounderoftheJeetKuneDomartialartsmovement.Heisconsideredoneofthemostinfluentialmartialartistsofthe20thcentury,andaculturalicon.LeewasborninSanFrancisco,CaliforniaintheUnitedStates,toparentsofHongKongheritagebutraisedinHongKonguntilhislateteens.Uponreachingtheageof18,LeeemigratedtotheUnitedStatestoclaimhisU.S.Citizenshipandreceivehishighereducation.Itwasduringthistimehebeganteachingmartialarts,whichsoonledtofilmandtelevisionroles.HisHongKongandHollywood-producedfilmselevatedthetraditionalHongKongmartialartsfilmtoanewlevelofpopularityandacclaim,andsparkedamajorsurgeofinterestinChinesemartialartsintheWestinthe1970s.Thedirectionandtoneofhisfilmschangedandinfluen-cedmartialartsandmartialartsfilmsinHongKongandtherestoftheworldaswell.Heisnotedforhisrolesinfivefeature-lengthfilms,LoWei'sTheBigBoss(1971)andFistofFury(1972);WayoftheDragon(1972),directedandwrittenbyLee;WarnerBrothers'EntertheDragon(1973),directedbyRobertClouse;andTheGameofDeath(1978),directedbyLee.LeebecameaniconicfigureknownthroughouttheworldandremainsverypopularamongAsianpeopleandinparticularamongtheChinese,asheportrayedChinesenationalismthroughhisfilms.WhileLeeinitiallytrainedinWingChun,helaterrejectedwell-definedmartialartstyles,favoringinsteadtout