中考英語二輪復習題型專項突破之任務(wù)型閱讀【考點】閱讀還原，回答問題，完成表格等題型。閱讀還原是近幾年中考中出現(xiàn)的新題型。主要考查學生兩個方面的能力：一是學生能理解文章故事情節(jié)和時間發(fā)展順序；二是學生能理解段落中各句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系。回答問題要求考生根據(jù)所給材料回答問題，主要考查語言基礎(chǔ)扎實，答題細節(jié)及語態(tài)時態(tài)等方面。完成表格，主要考查學生捕捉信息、組織信息和綜合概括信息的能力；【精講01】閱讀還原在做閱讀還原題的過程中，要關(guān)注段落中各句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系（主要有并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系等）及在英語閱讀中常見的單詞復現(xiàn)、代詞指代，關(guān)注特殊句式，如排比句等。?1.運用代詞在上下文中的指代作用英語中代詞的指代作用非常重要。代詞既可以指代上文出現(xiàn)的名詞及形容詞概念，也可以指代上文提到的某件事。通過代詞的近指、遠指和單數(shù)、復數(shù)等關(guān)系，可以形成上下文指代關(guān)系的連貫。

【典例】（2019·濰坊）

Sometimeswethinktoomuch.

12Happypeopleknowhowtoenjoythetasteoftheirmeal，enjoytheworld’scolors，evenjuststepoutsidetoenjoyfreshair.C.Wedon’thavetimetolookaround.【解析】上文提到“Sometimeswethinktoomuch.（有時我們顧慮太多）”，主語是我們，承接上文，所以下一句選擇

“Wedon’thavetimetolookaround.（我們沒時間環(huán)顧四周）”，故答案是C。

?2.運用上下文重復的關(guān)鍵詞推斷與漢語相似，英語文章在表述某些內(nèi)容時會使用相同的動詞、名詞或者句式，這樣的重復能形成語氣的連貫。因此，學生在答題時要重點關(guān)注這種重復的關(guān)鍵詞，把握好上下文的重點。【典例】Theygetenoughsleep.

14

Yourenergy，attentionandmemoryallgodownwhenyoudon’tsleepwell.Happypeoplemakesleepafirstthingofall.E.Whenyousleep，yourbrainrestartsandcleansitself.【解析】小標題“Theygetenoughsleep.”中有一個關(guān)鍵詞sleep，證明本段話題和睡眠有關(guān)，所以我們選E項“Whenyousleep，yourbrainrestartsandcleansitself.”。

?3.邏輯關(guān)系清晰明確的邏輯關(guān)系是英語行文的一個特點。常見的邏輯關(guān)系有：并列關(guān)系（and，or），轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系（but，however，nevertheless，still，although，while），因果關(guān)系（because，since，becauseof，sothat...），舉例關(guān)系（forexample，suchas）等。理清邏輯關(guān)系可以有效地幫助我們理解上下文之間的關(guān)系。【典例】Happypeopleknowthathappinessanddepthgohand-in-hand.Theyavoidsayingmeanthingsaboutpeople.

15

Theytalkwithothersonadeeperlevel，becausetheyknowdoingitfeelsgoodandisaninterestingwaytolearn.D.Instead，theyfocusonmeaningfulrelationships.【解析】上文提到“Theyavoidsayingmeanthingsaboutpeople.（他們避免對人說一些刻薄的話）”，D選項中放在句首的instead一般翻譯為“相反的”，這個詞讓上下文意義貫通，故選D。

?4.解題方法如下圖所示。【精講02】回答問題?解題步驟?問題類型1.由一般疑問句引出的判斷題2.由選擇疑問句（AorB)來提問文章的細節(jié)3.由特殊疑問詞引導的特殊疑問句來提問文章的細節(jié)和概括主旨要義?解題方法1：順序原則，注意使用在確定前一道題的答案以后，在文中標注出來。做下一題的時候，繼續(xù)往下找，能有效控制答題時間，并提高正確率。2：答題之前，圈關(guān)鍵詞（KeyWords）。I.

大寫、數(shù)字、引號優(yōu)先原則II.5W1h

疑問詞必須圈劃（who,what,when,why,where,how）1.

When

didhisparentsrealizedthatJakewasmissing?2.

What

didJakedotoprotecthimselffromthecoldtemperatures?3.

How

didJakegetdownthemountainthenextmorning?4.

How

longdidittakeJakereturntosafetyafterhelosthisski?5.

What

doyouthinkofJake?Giveatleastonereason.3：注意時態(tài)一致，代詞一致。（1）Jakelostoneofhisskisafterhefelloverwhenskiing,didn’the?（回答用一般過去時，代詞用he）（2）WhendidhisparentsrealizedthatJakewasmissing?（回答用一般過去時，代詞用they）（3）WhatdoyouthinkofJake?Giveatleastonereason.（回答用一般過去時，省略Ithink，代詞用he）4：Why

提問，回答格式2種I.Because+

句子

II.

…

+todo…

(todo

表目的)

5：Where和When

提問，介詞in/on/at

等不能遺漏。如：Wherewilltheorphanbearsbesentwhentheyareoldenough?回答：Theywillbetakentoanaturereserve

inBryansk1.WhatcanyoulearnfromPaul’sstory?回答格式：IcanlearnfromPaul’s

story

that+句子2.兩個問題務(wù)必分兩句回答例如：Doyouthinktheproblemofclimatechangeisserious?Whatshouldyoudo?回答格式：Yes,Ido.Ishouldplantmoretrees.方法歸納：1.如果問題是考查對短文細節(jié)的理解，就需要抓住關(guān)鍵詞來回答問題。如果考查對短文實質(zhì)性的理解，則需要以原文為基礎(chǔ)，利用其提供的信息，運用多種方法進行分析、歸納，從而得出結(jié)論。2.寫出能回答所提問題的關(guān)鍵詞或詞組。回答時,用完整的句子3.要確保寫出的句子正確，要注意人稱、時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化。注意事項：1.要用簡練、準確的英語表達出來。2.回答問題時要切中要點，不要畫蛇添足。3.組織答案時，注意避免語言錯誤，如：時態(tài)、主謂一致、人稱轉(zhuǎn)化，句子結(jié)構(gòu)和拼寫等。4.如需引用原文，要作適當改動，最好不要整句照搬【精講03】完成表格?

一、研究表格：把握主旨。要特別關(guān)注文章的標題欄及表格左欄的小標題，這樣有助于理解短文大意。通過瀏覽表格，明確了文章主題?二、閱讀文章：尋找信息。在瀏覽表格的基礎(chǔ)上，仔細閱讀文章以捕捉表格內(nèi)所需信息所在的句子及語境。理解文章的細節(jié)信息并將句子作標注。?

三、填寫表格：建立信息，準確轉(zhuǎn)換。掌握短文細節(jié)內(nèi)容，這是解題的關(guān)鍵。所以抓住有效細節(jié)，準確填好表格。注意使用3C法：

Copy

\Change\Create.若是細節(jié)理解題，利用左欄上欄或小標題下信息定位到原文若是同義轉(zhuǎn)換題，根據(jù)語法結(jié)構(gòu)進行適當轉(zhuǎn)換（肯定變否定，

主動變被動，

詞性轉(zhuǎn)換如動詞變名詞，動詞變形容詞，名詞變形容詞，形容詞變副詞等）?四、再讀核實：再讀表格，仔細斟酌核對答案。填詞完成后，再次讀表格，確保所填詞匯符合所在句子語法的需要及上下文語境的要求。目的在于對所做答案進一步審查，以便減少失誤。主要關(guān)注詞語的詞性，名詞的單復數(shù)，動詞各種形式的轉(zhuǎn)換及詞語的大小寫等。【真題范例】一、閱讀回答問題（山東.煙臺.真題）Howwouldyoufeelifyoureceivedalargeamountofmoneyallatonce?That’sexactlywhathappenedtoNkosikhoMbele,aworkeratagasstationinSouthAfrica.Hissuddenluckwasbroughtaboutbyanactofkindnesshedidforayoungwoman—Monet,acompanymanager.Oneday,Monetstoppedatthegasstationtorefuel（加油）.ButwhenNkosikhowasabouttoserveher,sherealizedshedidn’thaveanymoneyorcardsonher.Sheimmediatelytriedtostophim.Knowingabouthertrouble,NkosikhodecidedtopayhergasbillofaboutR100

（＄

7）tomakesurethatshecouldtravelacrossthehighwaywithenoughgas.“Madam,I’llpayforyousothatyouwon’trunoutofgasontheroad.Wheneveryouarenearhereagain,youcanjustgivemebackthemoney,”Nkosikhosaid.Asforhim,theR100wasalmostallhemadeinaday.Hehadtosupportabigfamily.Heneededthemoneyverymuch.Hewasn’tevensureifMonetwouldcomebacktoreturnhismoney,buthestillvolunteeredtohelpher.Severaldayslater,Monetcamebackwithhismoneyandaboxofchocolate.ShewassothankfulthatshealsopostedtheirstoryontheInternet.Greatchangestookplace.Nkosikhobecamefamousinhistown.Manypeopleweremovedbyhisactandofferedtoraisemoneyforhim.Nkosikhoreceivedaround

＄

24,000asmuchasabouthissalary（薪水）

ofeightyears.Hisbossalsoheardofhiskindactanddecidedtogivehimariseinsalary.“IfeellikeI’mdreaming.Mylifehasbeenturned—upsidedown,”Nkosikhosaidthankfully.Asnormalpeople,wecanbringagreatchangetolifebydoingasmallgoodthing.1．WhydidMonettrytostopNkosikhorefueling?______________________________________________________________________2．WhatwasNkosikho’slifelikebeforehemetMonet?______________________________________________________________________3．WhatelsedidMonetdotoshowherthanksbesidesreturningthemoney?______________________________________________________________________4．ListtwochangesinNkosikho’slifeafterhisactofkindness.______________________________________________________________________5．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?______________________________________________________________________【答案】1．Becausesherealizedshedidn’thaveanymoneyorcardsonher.2．BeforehemetMonet,theR100wasalmostallhemadeinadayandheneededthemoneytosupportabigfamily.3．Besidesreturningthemoney,MonetalsobroughtaboxofchocolatesandpostedtheirstoryontheInternet.4．Hebecamefamousinhistownandhisbossdecidedtogivehimariseinsalary.5．Agreatchangetolifecanbebroughtbydoingasmallgoodthing.【分析】本文主要講述了Nkosikho由于好心幫助一位公司經(jīng)理而改變了自己的生活的故事。【詳解】1．根據(jù)“ButwhenNkosikhowasabouttoserveher,sherealizedshedidn’thaveanymoneyorcardsonher.Sheimmediatelytriedtostophim.”可知，Monet

阻止Nkosikho加油是因為她發(fā)現(xiàn)她身上沒有錢也沒有卡。故填Becausesherealizedshedidn’thaveanymoneyorcardsonher.2．根據(jù)“Asforhim,theR100wasalmostallhemadeinaday.Hehadtosupportabigfamily.Heneededthemoneyverymuch.”可知，在遇到Monet前，Nkosikho每天掙100蘭特，他得養(yǎng)活一大家子人，他非常需要錢。故填BeforehemetMonet,theR100wasalmostallhemadeinadayandhe

neededthemoneytosupportabigfamily.3．根據(jù)“Severaldayslater,Monetcamebackwithhismoneyandaboxofchocolate.ShewassothankfulthatshealsopostedtheirstoryontheInternet.”可知，除了還錢，Monet還帶了一盒巧克力，還把他們的故事發(fā)表到了網(wǎng)上。故填Besidesreturningthemoney,MonetalsobroughtaboxofchocolatesandpostedtheirstoryontheInternet.4．根據(jù)“Nkosikhobecamefamousinhistown.Manypeopleweremovedbyhisactandofferedtoraisemoneyforhim.Nkosikhoreceivedaround

＄

24,000asmuchasabouthissalary（薪水）

ofeightyears.Hisbossalsoheardofhiskindactanddecidedtogivehimariseinsalary.”可知，那件事后，Nkosikho在他的城鎮(zhèn)里出名了，并收到了大約24000美元的善款，他的老板也決定為他加薪。故填Hebecamefamousinhistownandhisbossdecidedtogivehimariseinsalary.5．根據(jù)“Asnormalpeople,wecanbringagreatchangetolifebydoingasmallgoodthing.”并結(jié)合全文可知，本文主要通過Nkosikho由于好心幫助一位公司經(jīng)理而改變了自己的生活的故事，告訴我們：做一件小小的好事就能給生活帶來巨大的變化。故填Agreatchangetolifecanbebroughtbydoingasmallgoodthing.二、閱讀填表（江蘇.鎮(zhèn)江）Smartphoneshavebecomeanessentialpartofourdailylives.Thisisworrying,aslong-timeuseofsmartphonesharmschildren’seyesight,cervicalvertebrae(頸椎)andeventhebrain.ItwasreportedChinahad175millionInternetusersundertheageof18,with74percenthavingtheirownmobilephones.It’salreadycommonpracticeinsomecountriestolimitstudents’useofmobilephones,Francepassedalawbanningtheuseofmobilephonesonschoolgroundsforchildrenundertheageof15.Othercountries,includingtheUnitedStates,ItalyandJapan,havealsopassedlawsbanningstudentsfrombringingphonestoschoolsorclassrooms.TheMinistryofEducationinChinareleasedanoticethatrestrictsprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentsfrombringingmobilephonestoschool.Thosewhorequiretheirphonesforsomeneedmustgettheirparents’andteachers’approvalandmusthandtheirphonesoverduringclasstime.AnEnglishteacherfromBeijingnoticedthatmanystudentslostthemselvesintheirphones.Shesaid,“Moststudentsareshortofself-control.Spendingtoomuchtimeonthephonepreventsthemfromlearning.”AparentfromShanghaisaid,“Therulesaregoodforchildrenandlimitingphoneuseistherightwaytoputtheirfocusbackonstudies.”A16-year-oldstudentsaid,“Itisunwisetostopallthestudentstakingtheirphonestoschool.”Hethinksadultscan’tsimplycutthemofffromtheInternetinthedigitaleraandit’smoreimportanttocultivatestudents’abilitytomanagethemselves.閱讀以上信息，用恰當?shù)膯卧~完成下面的表格，每空一詞。Title:ShiftingfocusfromphonetoclassroomBackgroundinformation·Smartphonesplayanimportantroleinpeople’sdailylives.·Long-timeuseofphonesis

6．

tochildren’shealth.·Nearlythree

7．

of175millionInternetusersunder18hadtheirownmobilephonesinChina.

Laws

8．

·Frenchstudentsundertheageof15can’tusemobilephonesinschools.·StudentsintheUnitedStates,ItalyandJapancan’tusemobilephonesinschoolsorclassrooms.Noticeinourcountry·Anoticeoncontrollingprimaryandmiddleschoolstudents’phoneuseinschoolswasreleased.Differentopinions·Boththeteacherandtheparentarein

9．

onlimitingstudents’phoneuse.Controllingphoneuseistherightwaytoputchildren’sfocusbackonstudies.·Thestudentthinksthattheycan’tbeseparated