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第1頁(共1頁)2025年高考備考高中英語個性化分層教輔之虛擬語氣一.選擇題(共10小題)1.(2024?濟南二模)IfIwereyou,I______thechancetogoabroad.()A.willseize B.wouldhaveseize C.seize D.wouldseize2.(2022秋?楊浦區校級期末)______arunninglogofyourtimespentvolunteering,youwouldhavereceivedacertificateshowingthegoodyou'vedone.()A.Ifyouhadn'tkept B.Hadyoukept C.Ifyoukept D.Notdidyoukeep3.(2023秋?徐匯區校級期末)Ifyou________thehighlightsof2008SummerOlympics,youwouldmostlikelyfindthattheywereallmarkedbysportsmanship.()A.weretoexamine B.hadexamined C.wouldexamine D.havetoexamine4.(2023?廣州模擬)________youradvice,Iwouldhavefailedintheinterview.()A.Hadn'titbeenfor B.Haditnotbeenfor C.Haditbeenfor D.Hadnotitbeenfor5.(2024?雙城區校級開學)Withoutelectricity,humanlife___quitedifferenttoday.()A.is B.willbe C.couldhavebeen D.wouldbe6.(2022秋?楊浦區校級期末)Itismysuggestionthatthevisit________again.()A.willbearranged B.tobearranged C.shouldarrange D.bearranged7.(2023春?玄武區校級月考)Thepartylastnightwassoembarrassing.IwishI___________.()A.wasnotinvited B.wouldnotbeinvited C.hadnotbeeninvited D.shouldnothavebeeninvited8.(2024?青岡縣校級開學)MyteacherrecommendedthatI________someextra﹣curricularactivitiestoenrichmyschoollife.()A.havetotake B.shouldbetake C.take D.shouldtook9.(2022秋?河西區校級期末)Mary'sdescriptionofthepartywassovividthatIfeltasifI__________there.()A.wouldbe B.mighthavebeen C.wouldhavebeen D.hadbeen10.Shetakessomebreadwithherincaseshe______hungryonthetrain.()A.wouldhavefelt B.felt C.shouldfeel D.wouldfeel二.完形填空(共1小題)11.(2024春?福州期末)Lastyear,JohnandIdiscoveredthatourplumbing(水管)hadfailed,floodingourhome.Wehadtoliveinahotelaswewaitedforthe(1)tobedealtwith.Livinginasmallhotelroomwiththreelittlekidswasanextremely(2)period,butwhenagroupofteenagersfromFFAgroupmovedin,thingswentfrombadtoworse.Theteenskepttalking(3)inthehallwaysuntillate,andthenoise(4)mykids.Iwas(5)anddecidedtotalktothemtoseeiftheycouldshow(6)ratherthanbecomeangry.ThenextdayIknockedontheclosestdoorandspoketotheyoungmanwho(7)."Iknowyou'reherefortheFFAconferenceandwewantyoutohave(8),butyouwerealittleloudlastnightandIhopeyoucouldbequietertonight,"I(9).Theyoungmansaidhewasverysorry.Beforegoingtobed,I(10)anoteunderourdoor.Iopenedthenotetofind(11).Theteens(12)$40inthenote.Thenextmorning,myfamily(13)theteenagersandlearnedthatattheFFAconference,thestudentshadlistenedtoaspeechabout(14)andpayingitforward.Thatverynight,thestudentsfoundthat(15)tobekind.Thereisalwaysanactofkindnesstobedone,justaslongasyou'relookingforone.(1)A.messB.fearC.stressD.pollution(2)A.boringB.challengingC.interestingD.confusing(3)A.independentlyB.beautifullyC.loudlyD.illegally(4)A.wokeupB.cheeredupC.builtupD.warmedup(5)A.shockedB.upsetC.disappointedD.calm(6)A.doubtB.tensionC.courageD.understanding(7)A.laughedB.answeredC.rejectedD.performed(8)A.funB.confidenceC.beliefD.attention(9)A.announcedB.whisperedC.explainedD.argued(10)A.leftB.lightedC.toreD.noticed(11)A.paperB.hairC.moneyD.cloth(12)A.includedB.wantedC.stoleD.took(13)A.approachedB.curedC.warnedD.thanked(14)A.strategyB.kindnessC.honestyD.religion(15)A.attitudeB.abilityC.opportunityD.strength三.閱讀理解(共1小題)12.(2024春?馬鞍山期末)Anewstudyonbabybirdsshowsthattrafficnoisecanaffecttheirgrowthandleadtolifelongharm.Thefindingraisesnewconcernsabouttheeffectofnoisepollutiononwildlife—andhumansaswell.Researchersalreadyknewtoomuchnoiseislikelytodisturbbirds,makingitmoredifficultfortheparentstocommunicatewithandcarefortheirbabybirds.Butitwasn'tclearwhetherthenoiseitselfcoulddirectlyharmyoungbirds.MyleneMariette,abehavioralecologistatDeakinUniversity,andherteamsetouttoanswerthatquestionwithbirdsheldoncampusinMelbourne,Australia.For5nightsinarow,theyplayedeggseitherroadnoiseorbirdsongsforseveralhours.Thesoundswerekeptatavolumeof65decibels(分貝)—aboutthesameloudnessasaconversationinabarorcitytraffic.Othereggswereleftinsilence.Aftertheeggshatched,thebabybirdsreceivedoneoftwotreatments—roadnoiseorbirdsongs—foranother9nights.Thebabybirdsheardthesoundsinaseparateroom,andthenwerereturnedtotheirnests.Eggsexposedtotrafficsoundswere19%lesslikelytohatchcomparedwiththoseexposedtothesoundofsongs.Itshowsacleareffectoftrafficnoise,Mariettesays.Asthebabybirdsdeveloped,theyalsoshowedworryingdevelopmentsigns.Thoseexposedtonoisegrewslower.Moreover,whenthosebirdsgrewup,theyhadabouthalfasmanyoffspring(后代)asthebirdsexposedtosongsasyoungsters.HansSlabbekoorn,anecologistandanimalbehaviorexpertatLeidenUniversity,notesthattheseconcernsapplytohumansaswell."Thefindingssuggestthattheacoustic(聽覺的)environmentofbirdsincitiesandalonghighwaysshouldbebettermanaged,"hewrites,"andthattheacousticcomfortinhospitalenvironmentsforpregnantmothersandbabiesrequiresspecialattention."Eventually,theresearchmighthelprevealhowmuchandinwhatwaysnoisepollutionshouldbereduced.(1)Whatdoesparagraph3mainlyfocusonaboutthestudy?A.Itsprocess.B.Itsresult.C.Itsdifficulty.D.Itspurpose.(2)Howarethefindingsexplainedinparagraph4?A.Bygivingexamples.B.Byanalyzingreasons.C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Bymakingpredictions.(3)Whatdothefindingsindicate?A.Movethebirdsfromcitiestoprotectedareas.B.Makelawstoclosehighwaysandothernoisyplaces.C.Educatepeopleonthebadeffectsofnoisepollution.D.Payspecialattentiontothehospitalenvironmentforbabies.(4)Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TrafficnoisehelpsbirdscommunicateB.ScientistshavefoundwaystoreducenoiseC.HospitalenvironmentsaregreatlyaffectedD.Trafficnoisecauseslifelongharmtobabybirds四.信息匹配(共1小題)13.(2024春?張家界期末)HowtopackthematerialsforcampingEveryoneneedsabreakfromeverydaylife.Campingcanbeagreatwaytogetoutdoorsandsurroundyourselfwithnature.(1)Bringatent.(2)Itshouldalsobelightandeasyfortransport.Ifit'ssupposedtorainatallwhileyou'recamping,makesureyourtenthasaraincoversoyoudon'tgetwetwhileyou'resleeping.Somecampsitesoroutdoorstoresmayoffertentrentalsifyoudon'thaveatentyoucanuse.Chooseasleepingbag.Sleepingbagshavedifferentratingstodeterminethetemperatureatwhichtheycankeepyouwarmandcomfortable.Checktheweatheratthecampgroundsanddeterminewhatthelowesttemperaturesaresoyouknowwhichsleepingbagtobringalong.(3)Butifyou'recampingincoolermonths,youmayneedsomethingthicker.(4)Manytimes,acampfireisyouronlyheatsourcewhileyou'recamping,sosomefoodsmaynotcookaseasilyasothers.Lookforfoodsthatyoucancook,suchashotdogs,vegetablesandmeats,sincethey'retheeasiesttoholdoveranopenfire.Packabasicsurvivalkit.(5)Itincludesitemslikepocketknives,flashlights,firstaidsuppliesandmultipurposetools,soyoucanstaysafewhileyou'recamping.Youcaneitherbuyaprepackagedcampingsurvivalkitoryoucanmakeyourownandcarryitinatoolbox.A.Preparefoodthat'seasytocook.B.Useacoolertokeepfoodcold.C.Itshouldbelargeenoughforyouandyourthings.D.Lookatanoutdoorstorefordifferenttypesoftents.E.Ifyou'recampinginsummer,youcanuseathinsleepingbag.F.Makesureyouhaveasurvivalkitincasethere'sanemergency.G.Whenyoustartplanningyourtrip,makesuretopackthematerialsyouneed.五.語法填空(共1小題)14.(2024春?武威期末)TheMid﹣AutumnFestival,alsoknownastheMoonFestival,isoneofthemostimportant(1)(festival)celebratedinChinaandotherEastAsiancountries.Itfalls(2)the15thdayofthe8thlunarmonthonthetraditionalChinesecalendar.Onthatnight,themoonis(3)(bright)andfullerthananyothernight.Enjoyingthebeautyofthefullmoononthisday(4)(be)alongstandingtraditionalChinesecustomforcenturies.TheMid﹣AutumnFestivalisabigdayforChinesepeople,(5)willgobackhomeandhavedinnerwiththeirfamilies.Theroundnessofthefullmoonexpressespeople'sdesireforawholesomehappyfamily.Afterthedinner,friendsandfamilyusuallygettogether(6)(enjoy)themoonlightandmoon﹣cakes.Eatingmoon﹣cakesis(7)importantcustomduringtheMid﹣AutumnFestival.Duetothedifferentdiethabitsindifferentregions,moon﹣cakesvaryintaste.(8)(general),traditionaltastesincludefillingsoffivekernel,eggyolk,jujubepasteandbeanpaste.Nowtherearenewtasteslikeicecreamanddurian.(9)thetasteofmoon﹣cakesischanging,thesymbolicmeaningofthefullmoonremainsunchangedandtheChinesecustomofeatingmoon﹣cakeand(10)(long)forreunionduringtheMid﹣AutumnFestivalwillneverfadeaway.六.翻譯題(共10小題)15.(2024?松江區模擬)她原以為沒多少人會來體育館看比賽,結果看臺上座無虛席。(it)16.(2024?瓊山區校級開學)Wecouldhavedonebetterundermorefavourableconditions.仿寫:如果有他的幫助,我們可以做得更好。17.(2023秋?白云區校級期中)我建議你和你朋友談談他的行為。(漢譯英)18.(2023?定陶區校級開學)要不是這次經歷,我就不會意識到友誼的重要性。19.(2022春?龍海市校級期末)如果我處在你的位置上,我會做完全不同的決定。(inyourposition)(漢譯英)20.(2022秋?沙坪壩區校級期中)這位母親請求其他乘客保持安靜,因為她的寶寶正在睡覺。(虛擬語氣)(漢譯英)21.建議每個人都應該試著用這樣或那樣的方式笑。(虛擬語氣)22.我真希望在校讀書時多學幾門外語。(IwishI...)23.這份最新的報告呼吁向所有的兒童教授游泳。(urge)24.(2023春?漳州期末)Itishightimetomakepeopleawareoftheimportanceofwildlifeprotection.(英譯漢)七.書面表達(共1小題)25.(2024春?齊齊哈爾期末)假如你是李華,就環境保護話題給ChinaDaily寫信,內容如下:(1)闡述使用一次性筷子對環境的危害;(2)提出你對該問題的建議。注意:(1)寫作詞數80左右;(2)參考詞匯:throwawaychopsticks一次性筷子。DearEditor,I'mmorethandelightedtoexpressmyviewaboutenvironmentalprotection.______Yourssincerely,LiHua
2025年高考備考高中英語個性化分層教輔之虛擬語氣參考答案與試題解析一.選擇題(共10小題)1.(2024?濟南二模)IfIwereyou,I______thechancetogoabroad.()A.willseize B.wouldhaveseize C.seize D.wouldseize【分析】如果我是你,我就抓住這個出國的機會。【解答】分析可知,主句表示與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣,謂語動詞用"would+動詞原形"結構。D項正確。故選:D。【點評】考查虛擬語氣,要弄清楚各種虛擬語氣的結構及特殊形式虛擬語氣的構成,然后根據上下文及結合語境給出正確答案。2.(2022秋?楊浦區校級期末)______arunninglogofyourtimespentvolunteering,youwouldhavereceivedacertificateshowingthegoodyou'vedone.()A.Ifyouhadn'tkept B.Hadyoukept C.Ifyoukept D.Notdidyoukeep【分析】如果你把你做志愿者的時間記錄下來,你就會收到一張證明你所做的好事的證書。【解答】根據句意和下文的wouldhavereceived可知,句子使用了與過去相反的虛擬語氣,從句應該使用過去完成時,如果省略if,則使用部分倒裝,助動詞had提到主語前。故選:B。【點評】if虛擬語氣的三種時態:1.提出將來會發生的事:主句:主語+would/should/might/could+動詞原形;從句:should+動詞原形/wereto+動詞原形/過去時;2.提出現在的條件:主句:主語+would/should/might/could+動詞原形;從句:動詞過去式;3.提出過去的未發生的條件:主句:主語+would/should/might/couldhavedone,從句:haddone。虛擬語氣if省略時,句中的動詞were、had或should和主語倒裝。3.(2023秋?徐匯區校級期末)Ifyou________thehighlightsof2008SummerOlympics,youwouldmostlikelyfindthattheywereallmarkedbysportsmanship.()A.weretoexamine B.hadexamined C.wouldexamine D.havetoexamine【分析】如果你審查到2008年夏季奧運會的亮點,你很可能會發現它們都以體育精神為標志。【解答】分析句子可知,本句從句是if引導的與將來有關的虛擬,從句可以用:should+動詞原形/wereto+動詞原形/過去時,只有A項符合。故選:A。【點評】if虛擬語氣的三種時態:1.提出將來會發生的事:主句:主語+would/should/might/could+動詞原形;從句:should+動詞原形/wereto+動詞原形/過去時;2.提出現在的條件:主句:主語+would/should/might/could+動詞原形;從句:動詞過去式;3.提出過去的未發生的條件:主句:主語+would/should/might/could,從句:haddone。4.(2023?廣州模擬)________youradvice,Iwouldhavefailedintheinterview.()A.Hadn'titbeenfor B.Haditnotbeenfor C.Haditbeenfor D.Hadnotitbeenfor【分析】如果不是你的建議,我面試就失敗了。【解答】分析可知,此處為if引導的虛擬條件狀語從句的省略,if引導的虛擬條件狀語從句中如果有were,should,had,通常將if省略,were,should,had提前,進行倒裝,had置于句首倒裝時,當從句為否定意義時,不能用縮略式,且not需后置。故選:B。【點評】掌握if引導的虛擬條件狀語從句的省略規則是解答此題的關鍵。5.(2024?雙城區校級開學)Withoutelectricity,humanlife___quitedifferenttoday.()A.is B.willbe C.couldhavebeen D.wouldbe【分析】如果沒有電,今天人類的生活將大不相同。【解答】Withoutelectricity是虛擬語氣中的含蓄條件句,根據時間狀語today可知,與"現在"事實相反,主句謂語應用"情態動詞(should/would/could/might)+動詞原形"。此處表示普通的"將要",并無"建議、命令、能力、可能性很小"之意,所以情態動詞選用would。故選:D。【點評】非真實條件句中的條件從句有時不表達出來,只暗含在副詞、介詞短語、上下文或其他方式表示出來,這種句子叫做含蓄條件句,在多數情況下,條件會暗含在短語中,如without…,butfor…(要不是因為…)等。含蓄條件句是一種較為復雜的語法現象,它并不像一般條件句那樣通過明顯的if從句和主句來表達條件關系,而是通過其他語法手段來暗示或隱含條件。6.(2022秋?楊浦區校級期末)Itismysuggestionthatthevisit________again.()A.willbearranged B.tobearranged C.shouldarrange D.bearranged【分析】我建議重新安排這次訪問。【解答】分析句子結構可知,it是形式主語,that引導主語從句。suggestion表示"建議",其后的名詞性從句要用虛擬語氣,謂語動詞用(should)+動詞原形。從句中,thevisit是動作的承受者,故從句應該用被動語態形式,即(should)bearranged。故選:D。【點評】分析句子結構,結合句意和相關語法選出正確的答案。7.(2023春?玄武區校級月考)Thepartylastnightwassoembarrassing.IwishI___________.()A.wasnotinvited B.wouldnotbeinvited C.hadnotbeeninvited D.shouldnothavebeeninvited【分析】昨晚的聚會太尷尬了。我希望我沒有被邀請。【解答】分析句子及根據句意可知,該題考查虛擬語氣。wish后的賓語從句應用虛擬語氣,表示與過去事實相反,因此謂語動詞要使用過去完成時,且主語I與invite之間為被動關系,故使用過去完成時的被動語態。故選:C。【點評】了解句意,準確判斷時間點,熟練掌握謂語動詞的時態語態的用法,結合分析句子結構,考慮wish后的賓語從句虛擬語氣的使用,準確作出選擇。8.(2024?青岡縣校級開學)MyteacherrecommendedthatI________someextra﹣curricularactivitiestoenrichmyschoollife.()A.havetotake B.shouldbetake C.take D.shouldtook【分析】老師建議我參加一些課外活動來豐富我的學校生活。【解答】這里的recommended是"建議"的意思,英語中表達建議和命令等詞的賓語從句中要用虛擬語氣即should加動詞原形,其中should可以省略,C項正確。故選:C。【點評】考查虛擬語氣,要弄清楚各種虛擬語氣的結構及特殊形式虛擬語氣的構成,然后根據上下文及結合語境給出正確答案。9.(2022秋?河西區校級期末)Mary'sdescriptionofthepartywassovividthatIfeltasifI__________there.()A.wouldbe B.mighthavebeen C.wouldhavebeen D.hadbeen【分析】瑪麗對聚會的描述如此生動,我覺得自己好像去過那里.【解答】答案:D考查虛擬語氣.題干中asif引導表語從句.當說話人認為句子所述的是不真實的或極少有可能發生或存在的情況時,asif從句中通常用虛擬語氣,表示與過去或與談話時間為止發生的事實相反時,謂語動詞用"had+過去分詞".根據語境分析,說話者并沒有去參加聚會,所以從句中謂語動詞用虛擬語氣.D項正確.故選:D.【點評】本題考查虛擬語氣.熟記虛擬語氣在不同從句中的不同用法,結合語境作出正確選擇.10.Shetakessomebreadwithherincaseshe______hungryonthetrain.()A.wouldhavefelt B.felt C.shouldfeel D.wouldfeel【分析】她帶了一些面包,以防在火車上餓了。【解答】分析句子,incase引導狀語從句。結合句意,她帶了一些面包,以防在火車上餓了。主句謂語為一般現在時,從句應用虛擬語氣,should+do。C符合語意。故選:C。【點評】掌握incase引導的狀語從句應用虛擬語氣的知識點,結合題干和選項進行作答。二.完形填空(共1小題)11.(2024春?福州期末)Lastyear,JohnandIdiscoveredthatourplumbing(水管)hadfailed,floodingourhome.Wehadtoliveinahotelaswewaitedforthe(1)Atobedealtwith.Livinginasmallhotelroomwiththreelittlekidswasanextremely(2)Bperiod,butwhenagroupofteenagersfromFFAgroupmovedin,thingswentfrombadtoworse.Theteenskepttalking(3)Cinthehallwaysuntillate,andthenoise(4)Amykids.Iwas(5)Banddecidedtotalktothemtoseeiftheycouldshow(6)Dratherthanbecomeangry.ThenextdayIknockedontheclosestdoorandspoketotheyoungmanwho(7)B."Iknowyou'reherefortheFFAconferenceandwewantyoutohave(8)A,butyouwerealittleloudlastnightandIhopeyoucouldbequietertonight,"I(9)C.Theyoungmansaidhewasverysorry.Beforegoingtobed,I(10)Danoteunderourdoor.Iopenedthenotetofind(11)C.Theteens(12)A$40inthenote.Thenextmorning,myfamily(13)DtheteenagersandlearnedthatattheFFAconference,thestudentshadlistenedtoaspeechabout(14)Bandpayingitforward.Thatverynight,thestudentsfoundthat(15)Ctobekind.Thereisalwaysanactofkindnesstobedone,justaslongasyou'relookingforone.(1)A.messB.fearC.stressD.pollution(2)A.boringB.challengingC.interestingD.confusing(3)A.independentlyB.beautifullyC.loudlyD.illegally(4)A.wokeupB.cheeredupC.builtupD.warmedup(5)A.shockedB.upsetC.disappointedD.calm(6)A.doubtB.tensionC.courageD.understanding(7)A.laughedB.answeredC.rejectedD.performed(8)A.funB.confidenceC.beliefD.attention(9)A.announcedB.whisperedC.explainedD.argued(10)A.leftB.lightedC.toreD.noticed(11)A.paperB.hairC.moneyD.cloth(12)A.includedB.wantedC.stoleD.took(13)A.approachedB.curedC.warnedD.thanked(14)A.strategyB.kindnessC.honestyD.religion(15)A.attitudeB.abilityC.opportunityD.strength【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者家里水管爆裂導致家中被淹,不得不暫住在酒店等待修復。住在一個小酒店房間里并照顧三個小孩極具挑戰,但當一群來自FFA組織的青少年搬入后,情況變得更加糟糕。他們晚上在走廊大聲喧嘩,吵醒了作者的孩子。在經過和他們溝通之后,他們道歉了,并在作者門下留下了一張紙條和40美元作為歉意。作者認為這些青少年抓住了表達善意的機會,告訴我們只要你去尋找,總會發現善行。【解答】(1)考查名詞及語境理解。A.mess混亂;B.fear害怕;C.stress壓力;D.pollution污染。句意:我們不得不住在旅館里,等待著混亂的局面得到處理。根據下文"floodingourhome"可知,家里被水淹了,因此這是一個需要處理的混亂局面。故選A。(2)考查形容詞及語境理解。A.boring無聊的;B.challenging充滿挑戰的;C.interesting有趣的;D.confusing令人困惑的。句意:帶著三個孩子住在一個小酒店房間里是一段極具挑戰性的時期,但當一群來自FFA集團的青少年搬進來時,情況變得更糟了。下文提到"thingswentfrombadtoworse",說明情況變得更加糟糕,因此可以推斷出與三個小孩住在小旅館房間里是一個充滿挑戰的時期。故選B。(3)考查副詞及語境理解。A.independently獨立地;B.beautifully美麗地;C.loudly大聲地;D.illegally非法地。句意:十幾歲的孩子們一直在走廊里大聲說話,一直吵到很晚,吵醒了我的孩子們。根據下文"butyouwerealittleloudlastnight"可知,孩子們一直在走廊里大聲說話。故選C。(4)考查動詞短語及語境理解。A.wokeup喚醒;B.cheeredup振作起來,高興起來;C.builtup建立;D.warmedup熱身。句意:十幾歲的孩子們一直在走廊里大聲說話,一直吵到很晚,吵醒了我的孩子們。根據下文"mykids"可知,噪音吵醒了作者的孩子。故選A。(5)考查形容詞及語境理解。A.shocked感到震驚的;B.upset沮喪,難過;C.disappointed感到失望的;D.calm鎮靜的。句意:我很難過,決定和他們談談,看看他們是否能表示理解,而不是生氣。根據下文"decidedtotalktothem"可知,作者決定去和他們談談,這暗示作者之前可能感到不安或煩惱。故選B。(6)考查名詞及語境理解。A.doubt懷疑;B.tension緊張局勢;C.courage勇氣;D.understanding理解。句意:我很難過,決定和他們談談,看看他們是否能表示理解,而不是生氣。根據空后"ratherthanbecomeangry"可知,作者決定去和他們談談,是希望他們能夠展示出理解,而不是生氣。故選D。(7)考查動詞及語境理解。A.laughed笑;B.answered回答;C.rejected拒絕;D.performed表演,表現。句意:第二天,我敲了最近的一扇門,跟開門的年輕人說話。根據空前"ThenextdayIknockedontheclosestdoor"可知,作者敲了離他最近的門,與開門的人交談。根據語境,開門的人應該是回應了作者的敲門聲。故選B。(8)考查名詞及語境理解。A.fun樂趣;B.confidence自信;C.belief信念;D.attention注意力。句意:"我知道你們是來參加FFA會議的,我們希望你們玩得開心,但你昨晚有點吵,我希望你們今晚能安靜一點,"我解釋說。根據空前"Iknowyou'reherefortheFFAconferenceandwewantyoutohave...",可知,作者知道對方是來參加FFA會議的,并且希望他們玩得開心。havefun為固定搭配,意為"玩得開心"。故選A。(9)考查動詞及語境理解。A.announced宣布;B.whispered低語,小聲說;C.explained解釋;D.argued爭論。句意:"我知道你們是來參加FFA會議的,我們希望你們玩得開心,但你昨晚有點吵,我希望你們今晚能安靜一點,"我解釋說。根據上句"butyouwerealittleloudlastnightandIhopeyoucouldbequietertonight"可知,作者是在向年輕人解釋(explained)昨晚他們太吵了,希望他們今晚能安靜點。故選C。(10)考查動詞及語境理解。A.left離開;B.lighted點燃;C.tore撕碎;D.noticed注意。句意:睡覺前,我注意到門縫下有一張紙條。根據空后"anoteunderourdoor"可知,作者注意到了門縫下的紙條。故選D。(11)考查名詞及語境理解。A.paper紙;B.hair頭發;C.money錢;D.cloth布料。句意:我打開紙條,發現里面有錢。根據下文"Theteens(12)$40inthenote."可知,作者發現紙條里面有錢。故選C。(12)考查動詞及語境理解。A.included包括;B.wanted想要;C.stole偷;D.took拿走。句意:這些青少年在便條中附上了40美元。根據空后"$40inthenote"可知,青少年在便條中包含了40美元,表示他們將這40美元作為對作者的歉意或補償。故選A。(13)考查動詞及語境理解。A.approached接近;B.cured治愈;C.warned警告;D.thanked感謝。句意:第二天早上,我的家人感謝了這些青少年,并得知在FFA會議上,學生們聽了一篇關于善良和傳遞的演講。根據上句"Theteens(12)$40inthenote."可知,收到來自青少年們的善意,作者和家人表示感謝。故選D。(14)考查名詞及語境理解。A.strategy策略;B.kindness善良;C.honesty誠實;D.religion宗教。句意:第二天早上,我的家人感謝了這些青少年,并得知在FFA會議上,學生們聽了一篇關于善良和傳遞的演講。根據下文"Thereisalwaysanactofkindnesstobedone,"可知,此處是信息詞kindness的詞匯復現。故選B。(15)考查名詞及語境理解。A.attitude態度;B.ability能力;C.opportunity機會;D.strength力量。句意:就在那天晚上,學生們找到了做善事的機會。根據下文"tobekind"可知,學生們發現有機會表現出善良。故選C。【點評】完形填空題的解題步驟:1.通讀全文,理解大意。重視首句信息,跳過空格,瀏覽全文,從整體上感知全文,理解文章大意,這是解題的基礎。2.瞻前顧后,避難就易。在理解文章大意的情況下,結合各選項的意義和用法,遵循先易后難的原則,先解決那些自己有把握的問題。對少數難題,暫時跳過,或許在上文中難以判斷的題在下文中就有暗示或者明顯的提示,或許一個在前面不能解答的題在填出了另一空后會令你豁然開朗。3.復讀全文,解決殘敵。借助已經補全的空格,對全文有了更清楚的理解,可以集中解決所遺留的少數疑難問題。4.再次復讀,彌補疏漏,全部做好后,務必要結合自己選擇的答案重新閱讀短文內容,確保全文文意連貫。三.閱讀理解(共1小題)12.(2024春?馬鞍山期末)Anewstudyonbabybirdsshowsthattrafficnoisecanaffecttheirgrowthandleadtolifelongharm.Thefindingraisesnewconcernsabouttheeffectofnoisepollutiononwildlife—andhumansaswell.Researchersalreadyknewtoomuchnoiseislikelytodisturbbirds,makingitmoredifficultfortheparentstocommunicatewithandcarefortheirbabybirds.Butitwasn'tclearwhetherthenoiseitselfcoulddirectlyharmyoungbirds.MyleneMariette,abehavioralecologistatDeakinUniversity,andherteamsetouttoanswerthatquestionwithbirdsheldoncampusinMelbourne,Australia.For5nightsinarow,theyplayedeggseitherroadnoiseorbirdsongsforseveralhours.Thesoundswerekeptatavolumeof65decibels(分貝)—aboutthesameloudnessasaconversationinabarorcitytraffic.Othereggswereleftinsilence.Aftertheeggshatched,thebabybirdsreceivedoneoftwotreatments—roadnoiseorbirdsongs—foranother9nights.Thebabybirdsheardthesoundsinaseparateroom,andthenwerereturnedtotheirnests.Eggsexposedtotrafficsoundswere19%lesslikelytohatchcomparedwiththoseexposedtothesoundofsongs.Itshowsacleareffectoftrafficnoise,Mariettesays.Asthebabybirdsdeveloped,theyalsoshowedworryingdevelopmentsigns.Thoseexposedtonoisegrewslower.Moreover,whenthosebirdsgrewup,theyhadabouthalfasmanyoffspring(后代)asthebirdsexposedtosongsasyoungsters.HansSlabbekoorn,anecologistandanimalbehaviorexpertatLeidenUniversity,notesthattheseconcernsapplytohumansaswell."Thefindingssuggestthattheacoustic(聽覺的)environmentofbirdsincitiesandalonghighwaysshouldbebettermanaged,"hewrites,"andthattheacousticcomfortinhospitalenvironmentsforpregnantmothersandbabiesrequiresspecialattention."Eventually,theresearchmighthelprevealhowmuchandinwhatwaysnoisepollutionshouldbereduced.(1)Whatdoesparagraph3mainlyfocusonaboutthestudy?AA.Itsprocess.B.Itsresult.C.Itsdifficulty.D.Itspurpose.(2)Howarethefindingsexplainedinparagraph4?CA.Bygivingexamples.B.Byanalyzingreasons.C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Bymakingpredictions.(3)Whatdothefindingsindicate?DA.Movethebirdsfromcitiestoprotectedareas.B.Makelawstoclosehighwaysandothernoisyplaces.C.Educatepeopleonthebadeffectsofnoisepollution.D.Payspecialattentiontothehospitalenvironmentforbabies.(4)Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?DA.TrafficnoisehelpsbirdscommunicateB.ScientistshavefoundwaystoreducenoiseC.HospitalenvironmentsaregreatlyaffectedD.Trafficnoisecauseslifelongharmtobabybirds【分析】這是一篇科普說明文,主要講述了一項新的研究發現,交通噪音會影響小鳥的成長并導致終身傷害,這也引發了對噪音污染對野生動物和人類影響的新的擔憂。【解答】(1)段落大意題。根據第三段MyleneMariette,abehavioralecologistatDeakinUniversity,andherteamsetouttoanswerthatquestionwithbirdsheldoncampusinMelbourne,Australia.For5nightsinarow,theyplayedeggseitherroadnoiseorbirdsongsforseveralhours.Thesoundswerekeptatavolumeof65decibels(分貝)—aboutthesameloudnessasaconversationinabarorcitytraffic.Othereggswereleftinsilence.Aftertheeggshatched,thebabybirdsreceivedoneoftwotreatments—roadnoiseorbirdsongs—foranother9nights.Thebabybirdsheardthesoundsinaseparateroom,andthenwerereturnedtotheirnests.(迪肯大學的行為生態學家MyleneMariette和她的團隊開始用澳大利亞墨爾本校園里飼養的鳥類來回答這個問題。連續5個晚上,他們連續幾個小時播放道路噪音或鳥鳴。這些聲音的音量被控制在65分貝——大約與酒吧里的談話或城市交通中的聲音相同。其他的蛋被靜靜地留在那里。蛋孵化后,雛鳥在接下來的9個晚上接受兩種處理方式中的一種——道路噪音或鳥鳴。幼鳥在一個單獨的房間里聽到了這些聲音,然后被送回了它們的巢。)可知,第三段主要關于研究的過程。故選A。(2)推理判斷題。根據第四段Eggsexposedtotrafficsoundswere19%lesslikelytohatchcomparedwiththoseexposedtothesoundofsongs.Itshowsacleareffectoftrafficnoise,Mariettesays.Asthebabybirdsdeveloped,theyalsoshowedworryingdevelopmentsigns.Thoseexposedtonoisegrewslower.Moreover,whenthosebirdsgrewup,theyhadabouthalfasmanyoffspring(后代)asthebirdsexposedtosongsasyoungsters.(與那些暴露在歌聲中的蛋相比,暴露在交通聲音中的蛋孵化的可能性要低19%。Mariette說,這顯示了交通噪音的明顯影響。隨著幼鳥的發育,它們也表現出令人擔憂的發育跡象。那些暴露在噪音中的鳥生長得更慢。此外,當這些鳥長大后,它們的后代數量大約是幼年時聽過歌聲的鳥的一半。)可知,第4段通過對比解釋調查結果。故選C。(3)推理判斷題。根據最后一段Thefindingssuggestthattheacoustic(聽覺的)environmentofbirdsincitiesandalonghighwaysshouldbebettermanaged,"hewrites,"andthattheacousticcomfortinhospitalenvironmentsforpregnantmothersandbabiesrequiresspecialattention.(研究結果表明,城市和高速公路沿線鳥類的聲環境應該得到更好的管理,"他寫道,"醫院環境中孕婦和嬰兒的聲舒適需要特別注意。")可知,要特別注意嬰兒的醫院環境。故選D。(4)標題歸納題。根據第一段Anewstudyonbabybirdsshowsthattrafficnoisecanaffecttheirgrowthandleadtolifelongharm.(一項關于幼鳥的新研究表明,交通噪音會影響它們的生長,并導致終身傷害。)可知,主要講述了一項新的研究發現,交通噪音會影響小鳥的成長并導致終身傷害,這也引發了對噪音污染對野生動物和人類影響的新的擔憂。所以短文的標題為"交通噪音對幼鳥造成終身傷害"。故選D。【點評】做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍,做題時結合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關語句進行仔細分析,結合選項選出正確答案。四.信息匹配(共1小題)13.(2024春?張家界期末)HowtopackthematerialsforcampingEveryoneneedsabreakfromeverydaylife.Campingcanbeagreatwaytogetoutdoorsandsurroundyourselfwithnature.(1)GBringatent.(2)CItshouldalsobelightandeasyfortransport.Ifit'ssupposedtorainatallwhileyou'recamping,makesureyourtenthasaraincoversoyoudon'tgetwetwhileyou'resleeping.Somecampsitesoroutdoorstoresmayoffertentrentalsifyoudon'thaveatentyoucanuse.Chooseasleepingbag.Sleepingbagshavedifferentratingstodeterminethetemperatureatwhichtheycankeepyouwarmandcomfortable.Checktheweatheratthecampgroundsanddeterminewhatthelowesttemperaturesaresoyouknowwhichsleepingbagtobringalong.(3)EButifyou'recampingincoolermonths,youmayneedsomethingthicker.(4)AManytimes,acampfireisyouronlyheatsourcewhileyou'recamping,sosomefoodsmaynotcookaseasilyasothers.Lookforfoodsthatyoucancook,suchashotdogs,vegetablesandmeats,sincethey'retheeasiesttoholdoveranopenfire.Packabasicsurvivalkit.(5)FItincludesitemslikepocketknives,flashlights,firstaidsuppliesandmultipurposetools,soyoucanstaysafewhileyou'recamping.Youcaneitherbuyaprepackagedcampingsurvivalkitoryoucanmakeyourownandcarryitinatoolbox.A.Preparefoodthat'seasytocook.B.Useacoolertokeepfoodcold.C.Itshouldbelargeenoughforyouandyourthings.D.Lookatanoutdoorstorefordifferenttypesoftents.E.Ifyou'recampinginsummer,youcanuseathinsleepingbag.F.Makesureyouhaveasurvivalkitincasethere'sanemergency.G.Whenyoustartplanningyourtrip,makesuretopackthematerialsyouneed.【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了露營所需攜帶物品的打包方法,包括帳篷、睡袋、食物選擇和基礎生存工具等。【解答】(1)聯系上文題。根據前文Everyoneneedsabreakfromeverydaylife.Campingcanbeagreatwaytogetoutdoorsandsurroundyourselfwithnature.(每個人都需要從日常生活中休息一下。露營是一種很好的戶外活動方式,讓你置身于大自然之中。)可知,此處提到每個人都需要從日常生活中休息一下,露營是一種很好的戶外活動方式,所以第一空應該是對打包露營材料的總述。G選項"當你開始計劃你的旅行時,一定要打包你需要的材料。"符合語境,故選G。(2)聯系上文題。根據空前Bringatent.(帶一個帳篷),可知本段的段旨為帶帳篷,后文應該對帳篷進行描述。C選項"它應該足夠大,可以放得下你和你的東西。"符合語境。故選C。(3)語境銜接題。根據前文Chooseasleepingbag.(選擇一個睡袋。)可知,此處建議選擇一個睡袋。同時根據后文Butifyou'recampingincoolermonths,youmayneedsomethingthicker.(但如果你在涼爽的月份露營,你可能需要更厚的東西。)可知,后面提到如果你在較冷的月份露營,你可能需要更厚的睡袋。E選項"如果你在夏天露營,你可以用一個薄睡袋。"符合語境。故選E。(4)主旨判斷題。根據后文Manytimes,acampfireisyouronlyheatsourcewhileyou'recamping,sosomefoodsmaynotcookaseasilyasothers.(很多時候,營火是你露營時唯一的熱源,所以有些食物可能不像其他食物那么容易煮熟。)可知,露營時火堆
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