PeriodTwoLesson2PersonalitiesandJobsⅠ.重點單詞1．conductorn．售票員；指揮conductv．指揮，引導(dǎo)；n.行為，舉止2．a(chǎn)thleticadj.喜愛運動的athleten．運動員3．independentadj.獨立的independencen．獨立4．sharpadj.敏銳的；鋒利的，尖的sharplyadv.尖銳地；嚴(yán)厲地；明顯地5．characteristicn．特點，特性charactern．性格；特點；人物6．desiren．渴望，欲望7．satisfactionn．滿意，滿足satisfyv．使?jié)M意satisfiedadj.滿意的satisfyingadj.令人滿意的8．requirementn．要求requirevt.要求9．a(chǎn)boardprep.在(上)船(飛機、火車、公共汽車)上abroadadv.到國外10．a(chǎn)ssistantn．助手，助理11.translatorn．翻譯員translatev．翻譯translationn．翻譯Ⅱ.重點短語1．careabout關(guān)心；擔(dān)憂2．haveadesiretodosth.想要做某事3．giveup放棄4．usedtodo過去常常Ⅲ.重點句式1．not...but...不是……而是……Whichstudentbelievesthatpeoplewhoworkwithputersarenotathleticbuttheyhavetobecreative?哪個學(xué)生認(rèn)為做計算機工作的人不善于運動，但必須很有創(chuàng)造力？2．形容詞＋動詞不定式Ifindthatveryhardtobelieve.我發(fā)現(xiàn)那難以置信。3．it作形式賓語Ireallydislikeitwhenheeatsgarlicforlunch.我真的不喜歡他午餐時吃大蒜。重點詞匯1．Apersonwithasharpmindisabletothinkandunderstandthingsveryquickly.有著敏銳頭腦的人能很快地思考并理解事物。(1)sharpadj.敏銳的；急劇的；明顯的；鋒利的；尖的；刺骨的；adv.(時刻)整，準(zhǔn)；急劇，猛然(2)sharpenv．使尖銳；磨快；加劇(3)sharpenern．研磨者；研磨工具(4)sharplyadv.尖銳地；嚴(yán)厲地；明顯地[圖解助記](1)Therehasbeenasharpriseinthenumberofpeopleoutofwork.失業(yè)人數(shù)急劇增加。(2)Couldyoulendmeaknifetosharpenmypencil?你能借我把刀子削一削我的鉛筆嗎？(3)Recently，thenumberofpeopleparticipatinginphysicalfitnessprogramshasincreasedsharply(sharp)．最近，參加健身項目的人數(shù)急劇增加。[熟詞生義]寫出句子中黑體詞的漢語意思(4)Thelinkbetweenwhatthemenhaddoneasboysandhowtheyturnedoutasadultswassurprisinglysharp.明顯的2．Someoneindependentisabletodothingsbythemselvesandintheirownway.獨立自主的人能自己獨立做事并且有自己的工作方式。(1)independentadj.獨立的；自主的；獨自的beindependentof...不受……控制/影響；不依賴……(2)independencen．獨立；自主(3)independentlyadv.獨立地；自主地(1)IshowedthemIwasindependentbywearingstrangeclothes.我通過穿奇裝異服向他們顯示我是獨立的。(2016·全國Ⅲ)(2)Heraimistobeindependentofherparentsbythetimeshegraduatesfromcollege.她的目標(biāo)是到大學(xué)畢業(yè)時，不依賴她的父母，過獨立的生活。(3)Nigeriagainedindependence(independent)fromBritainin1960.尼日利亞于1960年脫離英國獲得獨立。[單句改錯](4)Theprofessorwasdelightedtofindthathisstudentsfinishedtheprojecteq\f(independent,independently).3．Tourguidesneedtobeindependent，outgoingandhaveadesiretoshareinformation.導(dǎo)游應(yīng)該獨立、外向并且愿意和他人分享信息。desiren．渴望，欲望；要求；vt.渴望，希望；要求haveastrongdesireeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(todosth.迫切想要做某事,forsth.急于想得到某物))desiretodosth.渴望做某事desirethat...渴望……注意：desire無論是用作名詞還是動詞，后接從句時常用虛擬語氣，即從句的謂語部分為“(should＋)動詞原形”。(1)Thefreshmanhasastrongdesiretogo(go)homeatweekends.在周末，這位大一新生很渴望回家。(2)Herdesireisthatherbooks(should)reach(reach)asmanypeopleaspossible.她的愿望就是盡可能多的人讀到她的書。(3)Idesiredthathe(should)ebackatonce.我渴望他能立刻回來。4．Ithinktourguidesmustalsogetalotofsatisfactionoutofseeingotherpeopleenjoyingthemselves.我想，看到游客玩得很高興，導(dǎo)游一定也會感到很滿足。(1)satisfactionn．滿意，滿足tosb.’ssatisfaction令某人感到滿意的是withsatisfaction滿意地(2)satisfyvt.使?jié)M意，使?jié)M足(3)satisfiedadj.滿意的，滿足的besatisfiedwith對……滿意/滿足(4)satisfyingadj.令人滿意的(1)Helookedatthemwithgreatsatisfaction.他十分滿意地看著他們。(2)Muchtomysatisfaction，mydaughterwasadmittedintoBeijingUniversity.讓我非常滿意的是，我女兒被北大錄取了。(3)Formostofus，itwasreallyasatisfying(satisfy)result.對我們大多數(shù)人來說，這確實是一個令人滿意的結(jié)果。[高級表達(dá)](4)TheteacherwassatisfiedwithwhatIdid，sohesmiled.(改為形容詞短語作狀語)→SatisfiedwithwhatIdid，theteachersmiled.5．Canyouthinkofanyjobswherethisisn’tarequirement？你能想出沒有這個要求的一些工作嗎？(1)requirementn．要求；所需要的東西meet/satisfyone’srequirements滿足某人的需要(2)requirev．要求；需要requiresb.todosth.要求某人做某事requiresth.ofsb.對某人有……要求requiredoing/tobedone需要被做注意：在require后面的賓語從句和requirement后面的表語從句、同位語從句中，謂語動詞用“should＋動詞原形”，should可省略。(1)Inmyopinion，it’shardtomeet/satisfyhisrequirements.在我看來，很難滿足他的要求。(2)Afterall，forcedwaitingrequirespatience.畢竟，被迫等待是需要耐心的。(2017·天津)(3)Thefloorrequireswashing/tobewashed(wash)．這地板該洗了。[單句改錯](4)Theteacherrequiredthatallthestudentseq\f(arrived,arrive)bynoon.[一句多譯](5)所有乘客被要求出示他們的票。①Allpassengersarerequiredtoshowtheirtickets.(簡單句)②Itisrequiredthatallpassengers(should)showtheirtickets.(復(fù)合句)6．Ifeelthatairlinesshouldnotallownewbornbabiesaboardtheirlongdistanceflights.我認(rèn)為航空公司不應(yīng)該允許新出生的嬰兒在他們的遠(yuǎn)程航班上。aboardprep.在飛機(船、火車、公共汽車)上；adv.上飛機(船、火車、公共汽車)goaboard上飛機(船、車等)(1)HetraveledaboardthespaceshuttleDiscovery.他乘坐“發(fā)現(xiàn)”號航天飛機進行太空旅行。(2)Shehasn’ttalkedtoBobsincehewentaboard.自從鮑勃登船(機)后，她沒有跟他說過話。[易混辨析]aboard，abroad，board，broad※aboardprep.&adv.在(上)船(飛機、火車等)上※abroadadv.，adj.&n．在國外，到國外※boardvt.上船(飛機、火車等)※broadadj.寬廣的；寬闊的；adv.寬闊地[選詞填空]aboard，abroad，board，broad(3)Whendoyouthinkhewillebackfromabroad?(4)Thepassengersareboardingtheplanenow.(5)Theywerethelasttwotogoaboard.(6)Hehasverybroadshoulders.經(jīng)典句式1．Whichstudentbelievesthatpeoplewhoworkwithputersarenotathleticbuttheyhavetobecreative?哪個學(xué)生認(rèn)為做計算機工作的人不善于運動，但必須很有創(chuàng)造力？(1)not...but...不是……而是……，有兩者對比的轉(zhuǎn)折意思，用于連接兩個并列的結(jié)構(gòu)，如主語、表語和賓語等。(2)當(dāng)not...but...連接兩個并列主語時，謂語動詞一般要與就近的主語保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。即“就近原則”。類似用法的還有：either...or...，neither....nor...；notonly...butalso...等。(1)I’mnotaphysicianbutanurse.我不是內(nèi)科醫(yī)生，而是一名護士。(2)Thevalueoflifeisnotwhatyou’vegainedbutwhatyou’vedone.生命的價值不在于你獲得了什么，而在于你做了些什么。[單句改錯](3)Inmyopinion，notyoubutheeq\f(are,is)toblameforit.2．Ifindthatveryhardtobelieve.我發(fā)現(xiàn)那難以置信。(1)此句中hardtobelieve這個“形容詞＋動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作賓語補足語，說明賓語的性質(zhì)。(2)“賓語＋adj.＋todosth.”結(jié)構(gòu)中的形容詞為表示難易等的形容詞：hard，difficult，impossible，easy，convenient，nice，tough，pleasant等。在這個結(jié)構(gòu)中動詞不定式中的動詞與賓語有動賓關(guān)系，但使用主動形式。如果動詞不定式中的動詞為不及物動詞，則需加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。另外，這個結(jié)構(gòu)還可在句中作表語。(1)Someteachersthinkmathsdifficultforsomestudentstostudy(study)．一些老師認(rèn)為對有些學(xué)生來說數(shù)學(xué)很難學(xué)。(2)Theproblemsheputforwardatthemeetingisnecessarytoworkout.她在會上提出的這個問題有必要解決。[單句改錯](3)Ihearthatthegirlishardtogetalongeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(with)).Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Thegraphismonlyusedtoshow(show)percentages.(2015·浙江)2．Mostofthestudentsfoundthissentencehardtounderstand(understand)．3．IhaveadesiretogetajobwhereIcanusemyEnglish.4．Hisfatherusedtobeafamoustranslator(translate)．5．Hisassistant(assist)isverycareful，whichhelpshimalot.6．Theexpertshowedushissatisfaction(satisfy)withthisexperiment.7．Employmentgaveyoungwomenameasureofeconomicindependence(independent)．8．Themandesiredthathe(should)besent(send)totheearthquakestrickenareatohelpthoseinneed.9．Annesharpened(sharp)herpencilandgotoutherhomework.10．Whatistheentrancerequirement(require)forthiscourse?Ⅱ.完成句子11．這些指示我們很難遵從。Theinstructionsarehardforustofollow.12．她過去常常上學(xué)遲到，但現(xiàn)在她不再遲到了。Sheusedtobelateforschool.Butnowshedoesn’tgotoschoollateagain.13．我們的教室太臟了，需要打掃。Ourclassroomissodirtythatitrequirescleaning/tobecleaned.14．我們可以相信明年將是變革的一年。Wemayrelyonitthatnextyearisgoingtobeayearofchanges.15．重要的不是你所說的，而是你所做的。Itisnotwhatyousaybutwhatyoudothatmatters.Ⅲ.短文改錯(2018·湖北襄陽四中高二月考)Ifyouareonthestreet，youwillseeallkindsofpeoplepassingby.It’snotraretoseepeoplewithbadmanner.Somethrowawayrubbishcasually.Somespitsinpublic.Someevensitorlieontheground，pletelyignoreothers’feelings.Peoplefeelreallybadlyaboutthebehavior.Tobehonesty，smokinginpublicplacesmakesmereallyannoying.Asitisknowntousall，smokingdoesharmforpeople’shealth.Notonlyisitbadforthesmokerhimself，butalsoitisthreattothepublichealth.Itwashopedthataneffectivewaycanbefoundtoeducatethesepeopletobehavewellinpublic.答案Ifyouareonthestreet，youwillseeallkindsofpeoplepassingby.It’snotraretoseepeoplewithbadeq\f(manner,manners).Somethrowawayrubbishcasually.Someeq\f(spits,spit)inpublic.Someevensitorlieontheground，pletelyeq\f(ignore,ignoring)others’feelings.Peoplefeelreallyeq\f(badly,bad)aboutthebehavior.Tobeeq\f(honesty,honest)，smokinginpublicplacesmakesmereallyeq\f(annoying,annoyed).Asitisknowntousall，smokingdoesharmeq\f(for,to)people’shealth.Notonlyisitbadforthesmokerhimself，butalsoitiseq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(a))threattothepublichealth.Iteq\f(was,is)hopedthataneffectivewaycanbefoundtoeducatethesepeopletobehavewellinpublic.Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2017·寧夏大學(xué)附中高二期中)FlorenceNightingalewasborninarichfamily.Whenshewasyoung，shetooklessonsinmusicanddrawing，andreadgreatbooks.Shealsotravelledagreatdealwithhermotherandfather.Asachild，shefeltthatvisitingsickpeoplewasbothadutyandapleasure.Sheenjoyedhelpingthem.Atlast，hermindwasmadeup.“I’mgoingtobeanurse，”shedecided.“Nursingisn’ttherightworkforalady，”herfathertoldher.“ThenIwillmakeitso，”shesmiled.AndshewenttolearnnursinginGermanyandFrance.WhenshereturnedtoEngland，F(xiàn)lorencestartedanursinghomeforwomen.DuringtheCrimeanWarin1854，shewentwithagroupofthirtyeightnursestothefronthospital.Whattheysawtherewasterrible.Dirtanddeathwereeverywheretobeseenandsmelled.Theofficertheredidnotwantanywomantotellhimhowtorunahospital，either.Butthebravenurseswenttowork.Florenceusedherownmoneyandsomefromfriendstobuyclothes，beds，medicinesandfoodforthemen.Heronlypaywasthesmilesfromthelipsofdyingsoldiers.Buttheyweremorethanenoughforthiskindwoman.Afterwar，shereturnedtoEnglandandwashonouredforherservicebyQueenVictoria.ButFlorencesaidthatherworkhadjustbegun.SheraisedmoneytobuildtheNightingaleHomeforNursesinLondon.Shealsowroteabookonpublichealth，whichwasprintedinseveralcountries.FlorenceNightingalepassedawayattheageofninety，stilltryingtoserveothersthroughherworkasanurse.Indeed，itisbecauseofherthatwehonournursestoday.語篇解讀本文介紹了護理行業(yè)的創(chuàng)始人——南丁格爾，她為了護理別人而奉獻(xiàn)了自己的一生。1．Whenshewasachild，F(xiàn)lorence.A．wroteabookonpublichealthB．knewwhatherdutyinlifewasC．lovedtohelpthesickpeopleD．wasmostinterestedinmusicanddrawing答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知，她很喜歡照顧病人。故C項正確。2．DuringtheCrimeanWarin1854，F(xiàn)lorenceservedinthefronthospitalwhere.A．sheearnedalotofmoneyB．workwasverydifficultC．fewsoldiersdiedbecauseofherworkD．shedidn’thaveenoughfoodandclothes答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段第二、三、四句可知，當(dāng)時的工作條件很艱苦。故B項正確。3．WhywasFlorencehonouredbyQueenVictoria?A．BecauseshebuilttheNightingaleHomeforNurses.B．Becauseofheroldage.C．Becausesheworkedasanurseallherlife.D．BecauseshedidagreatdealofworkduringtheCrimeanWar.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句可知，正是因為在戰(zhàn)爭中所做的事情讓她受到了女王的表彰。故D正確。4．Thepassagecanbebestdescribedas.A．thelifestoryofafamouswomanB．a(chǎn)descriptionofthenursingworkC．a(chǎn)nexampleofsuccessfuleducationD．thehistoryofnursinginEngland答案A解析主旨大意題。本文介紹了護理行業(yè)的創(chuàng)始人——南丁格爾，她為了護理別人而奉獻(xiàn)了自己的一生。故A正確。B(2018·河北邯鄲二中高二期中)WhenItalkedtosomebusinessmenearliertoday，onefellowaskedme，“Wouldyougivemoneytoahomelessperson，evenwhenyouknowhe’sgoingtouseittobuyalcohol？”Ireplied，“IfallIwasgivingwasmoney，it’llbeonething.Butforme，wheneverIdogivemoney，that’sjustthewrapping.Therealgiftishiddeninside—it’slove.AndIhaven’teverfoundanyreasontolimitgiftsoflove.”Bytheendofthenight，Idecidedtogetsomepizza.Infrontofmeinlinewasahomelesslookingman.Hewascountingthefewdollarsbillsinhishand，overandoveragain，untilitwashisturntoorder.Justthen，hetoldtheyoungwomanbehindthecounter，“I’llhavethefullcheesepizza.”“Full？”sheasked.“It’sreallybig，”sheadded，althoughwhatshereallymeanttosaywasthatit’dbetooexpensiveforhim.“Yeah，thefull.”“18.65，”shesaid.Thebillshewascountingweren’tgoingtomakeit.Iwasn’tintendingtogetthewholepizzaforhim.Butthinkingbacktomyconversationwiththebusinessman，Irealizedthatmoneywasreallyjustthewrapping.Imademymove.“Canyouchargethatpizzawithmyorder？”Isaidtothecashier.“Really？”thehomelesslookingmansaid.“Really？”theyoungwomanbehindthecounterrepeated.“Yes，really.”ThatconfusedmanandIhadasweetsilentmoment.TohissilentquestionofwhyIwasdoingit，Iadded，“Justpayitforwardforsomeoneelse.”Andhesaid，“Well，youknowwhat?Iwasactuallytreatingthosefivehomelessguysoutthere.”Hewasactuallypayingitforward，inthefirstplace.Whatanunexpectedfortunetogetachancetobeapartofaman’sactofkindness.語篇解讀作者認(rèn)為施予別人金錢不是最重要的，最重要的是這一行為背后隱含的愛。他也在買比薩時踐行了這一觀點。5．Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph?A．Hebelievesnotmoneybutlovematters.B．Heismeanwithhismoney.C．Hecareslittleaboutmoney.D．Heseldomgivesmoneytothepoor.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Butforme，wheneverIdogivemoney，that’sjustthewrapping.Therealgiftishiddeninside—it’slove.AndIhaven’teverfoundanyreasontolimitgiftsoflove.”可知，作者認(rèn)為錢并不是最重要的，隱含的愛才是最重要的。故選A。6．Whatmadetheauthordecidetohelptheman?A．Therequestfromthehomelesslookingman.B．Hissympathyforthehomelesslookingman.C．Hisrecallingthetalkwiththebusinessmanearlierthatday.D．Theurgencyfromtheyoungwomanbehindthecounter.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Iwasn’tintendingtogetthewholepizzaforhim.Butthinkingbacktomyconversationwiththebusinessman，Irealizedthatmoneywasreallyjustthewrapping.”可知，是作者回憶起了與商人的談話使得他決定幫助這個人。故選C。7．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．MoneyWasJusttheWrappingB．HelpingaHomelessManC．ATalkwithaBusinessmanD．PayingItForward答案D解析標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)作者對故事的描述，特別是最后一段中的“‘Justpayitforwardforsomeoneelse.’Andhesaid...Hewasactuallypayingitforward，inthefirstplace.”可知，D項內(nèi)容作為題目最合適。Ⅱ.完形填空(2017·黑龍江大慶中學(xué)高二期中)AfewyearsafterMomdied，Dadhandedmeaplasticbag.Thatevening，I8thebagtofinddozensofshells，eachone9inwhitetissuepaper(紙巾)andhavingMom’shandwriting.Theshellswerepretty10，buttoMom，theywereevidenceofherendlesslymagicallifeand11meoftheseashoretripwithher.Shewas61whenshe12theseshells，andalreadyshowing13ofthelungdisease.Weknewsomethingwas14andMomneededanadventure.Shesuggestedadinnerandamovie.ButtwofriendsandIhadbigger15.Momhadbeentotheoceanonlytwice，butshe16theseashore.Herkitchenwasdecoratedwithsouvenirsfromthosetwotrips.ItoldMomthatwewould17forJerseyShore.Momwasso18thatshescreamedandAmber，herdogwas19tojumpontothefloor.Oneofmyfavorite20ontheroadwasadiscussionaboutmovies.Momoftengotthetitleswrong.“Ohhhh，”shesaid，“whatwasthatmovieaboutateacherattheboys’school？”Beforeanyonecould21，sheshouted，“TheDeadMan’sPoet！”Ilookedbackandsawabackseatfullof22.“Mom，”Isaid.“YoumeanDeadPoetsSociety？”“That’sit！”Momyelled.23filledthecar.OncewegottoStoneHarbor，shebeganto24thetrip，greetingstrangersandspendinghoursgatheringshells.Themorningweleft，Ifoundherphotographingeveryinchofherbedroom.“Idon’teverwantto25this，”shesaid.Foralongtime，Mom’sshellsstayed26inadrawer.Lastmonth，I27themagainwhilesearchingforsomethingelse.Iputtheminavisibleplaceasareminderfromamotherwhoneverlosthersenseofwonder.eq\x(語篇解讀作者看到母親珍藏的貝殼想起了和母親一起去海邊旅游時經(jīng)歷的事情。)8．A.received B．openedC．checked D．packed答案B解析上文說父親遞給我一個塑料袋，所以此處指打開塑料袋。故選B。9．A.folded B．includedC．tra