莆田市2025屆高中畢業(yè)班第二次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測試卷英語(試卷滿分：150分，考試時間：120分鐘)注意事項：1．答題前，先將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將準考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2．選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3．非選擇題的作答：用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4．請保持答題卡整潔，避免折疊。考試結(jié)束后，請將答題卡上交。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15.B．￡9.18.C．￡9.15.答案是C.1．Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?A．Workinginthegarden.B．Buyingflowersinastore.C．Pickingupfruitsonafarm.2．Howdoesthewomansound?A．Tired.B．Excited.C．Relieved.3．Whyisthewomandissatisfiedwithherjob?A．Shegetsalowsalary.B．Shehastoworkovertime.C．Sheneedstoworkfaraway.4．Howmuchwilltheboypay?A．$5.B．$10.C．$20.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Apieceofequipment.B．Afamoussportsman.C．Afitnesscenter.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whodoestheboxbelongto?A．TheGreens.B．Thewoman.C．Theman.7．Whatwillthemandonext?A．Makeacall.B．Repairthedamage.C．Gototheneighbor’s.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8．Whatdoesthewomanplantodo?A．Livewithherfriend.B．GetmarriedinJanuary.C．Decorate.theapartment.9．Whatistheproblemwiththeapartment?A．It’snotbigenough.B．It’snotconvenientlylocated.C．It’snotequippedwithfurniture.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10．Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A．Tomakeaplaint.B．Toaskforinformation.C．Toarrangeanappointment.11．HowlongdoesthemuseumopenonTuesday?A．Forfivehours.B．Forsevenhours.C．Fortenhours.12．WhatcanthemandointhemuseumonSunday?A．Enjoysomepaintings.B．Seesomeoldtools.C．Makesomesculptures.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13．Whatdoweknowaboutthegirl?A．Shehopestoformastudygroup.B．Shehaspreparedwellforexams.C．Shecan’trevisewithherclassmates.14．Whydoestheboysaysunlightisimportant?A．Itkeepsthegirlwarm.B．Itkeepsthegirlfocused.C．Itkeepsthegirlawake.15．Whatistheboy’ssecondsuggestion?A．Selectingaquietplace.B．Doingexerciseoutdoors.C．Takingshortbreaksregularly.16．Whatdoesthegirlthinkoftheboy’smethods?A．Practical.B．Efficient.C．Challenging.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A．Tipsforlosingweight.B．Benefitsofgoodnutrition.C．Waystochoosehealthysnacks.18．Whatisthespeaker’sattitudetowardthemarketedsnacks?A．SubjectiveB．Disapproving.C．Supportive.19．Whatisincludedinthespeaker’sthirdgroupofsnacks?A．Peanuts.B．Darkchocolate.C．Ricepudding.20．Whatisthespeakergoingtodonext?A．Sharehereatinghabits.B．Discussahealthylifestyle.C．Explaintheviewsinabook.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ASUSTAINABLEFARMINGEXPERIENCEZhongshan,GuangdongVolunteerProjectConsideringsustainablefarmingasawaytokeepecologicalbalance,thisprojectiscreatedwithamissiontoreconnecturbanresidentstonatureandtopromoteahealthy,sustainablelifestylethroughtailormadeactivities.Theprojecthostisanorganicfarmandshelterformanyfarmanimals.VolunteerActivities·Farmingandharvestingherbs,fruitsandvegetables·Pickingandpackagingherbs,fruitsandvegetables·Caringoffarmanimals(feeding,exercise,etc.)·Helpingwithdailyoperationandgeneralmaintenanceofthefarm·Participatingindiscussionsonchangemakingideasandexamplesofsustainablefarming·OtherdutiesassignedbythefarmstaffSpecialRequirementsVolunteersshouldloveworkingwithanimalsandhavenosensitivityreactiontoanimals.AcmodationSimpleandbasicacmodationisprovidedinthefarm.Beddingsarealsoavailable.Therearetentsforvolunteerswhowishtocamp.Volunteersneedtobringasleepingbag.Location(Zhongshan,GuangdongProvince)LocatedinGuangdongProvince,Zhongshanisacityofgreatpopularity.Whenyouarehere,youcanvisitaseriesofhistoricalattractionsrelatedtoSunYatsen.HereyoucanalsoenjoythefamousCantonesecuisine,whilevisitingthecharmingdowntownriverareaandsomebeautifulBuddhisttemples.1.Whatistheaimoftheproject?A.Torunanorganicfarm. B.Tobuildananimalshelter.C.Tokeepthenaturalbalance. D.Toadvocateanecofriendlylifestyle.2.Whatarevolunteersexpectedtodo?A.Adoptfarmanimals. B.Collectfarmproduce.C.Directthefarmstaff. D.Schedulefarmroutine.3.Whatcanweknowaboutthisproject?A.Volunteersmayinteractwithanimals. B.ThefarmprovidesCantonesecuisine.C.Thefarmoffersfreedowntowntrips. D.Volunteersmustbringbeddingsalong.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了廣東中山可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)體驗志愿者項目的相關(guān)信息。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Consideringsustainablefarmingasawaytokeepecologicalbalance,thisprojectiscreatedwithamissiontoreconnecturbanresidentstonatureandtopromoteahealthy,sustainablelifestylethroughtailormadeactivities.(考慮到可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)是保持生態(tài)平衡的一種方式，這個項目的使命是讓城市居民重新與自然建立聯(lián)系，并通過量身定制的活動來推廣一種健康、可持續(xù)的生活方式)”可知，這個項目的目的是倡導(dǎo)一種環(huán)保的生活方式。故選D。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)VolunteerActivities部分中“Pickingandpackagingherbs,fruitsandvegetables(采摘和包裝藥草、水果和蔬菜)”可知，志愿者需要收集農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。故選B。【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)VolunteerActivities部分中“Caringoffarmanimals(feeding,exercise,etc.)(照顧農(nóng)場動物（喂食、鍛煉等）)”以及SpecialRequirements部分中“Volunteersshouldloveworkingwithanimalsandhavenosensitivityreactiontoanimals.(志愿者應(yīng)該喜歡和動物一起工作，并且對動物沒有過敏反應(yīng))”可知，志愿者可能會與動物互動。故選A。BOnthemorningofNovember13,agracefulviolinmelodyflowedalongtheQingdaoseashore,blending(融合)perfectlywiththerhythmoftheoceanwaves.ThemanplayingtheviolinisPetarKutin,aBulgarianteachingmusicatYewChungInternationalSchoolofQingdao.ForKutin,whohasbeenextensivelytrainedinWesternmusic,Chinesemusicholdsaspecialcharm.HeskillfullybinesChineseandWesternmusicalelementsandworkswithChinesemusicianstocreateoriginalpieces.Inoneofhislatestworks,Kutinblendshisviolinwiththeerhu,alongsidethesoundsoffrogsandbirds,creatingaharmoniousandmovingposition.“Ibelievethatmusicisanincrediblypowerfullanguagethatbringspeopletogether.”Kutinsaid.AtYewChungInternationalSchoolofQingdao,thisphilosophyestolife.TohelphisstudentswithdiversebackgroundsovereculturalshockandquicklyadapttotheChineseenvironment,Kutinarrangesmusicpiecestailoredtotheirabilities.“Whenstudentsperformtogether,itpromotesteamworkandallowsthemtoexpressboththeirculturalidentityandindividuality.Playingtogetherbuildsconfidence,happiness,andasenseofbelonging.Musictrulybondstheperformers.”Kutinsaid.Kutinalsousesmusictodelivermeaningfulmessagestohisstudents.Hewrotethelyricsofasongaboutfrugalitytogetherwiththestudents,explainingwhatfrugalitymean—reusingitemsinsteadofthrowingthemunnecessarily,avoidingwaste.Theyturnedthismessageintoasongandthenintoamusicvideo,whichtheyplayalmosteveryweek.Inadditiontohisworkatschool,Kutinposesmusicforsocialcauses.Hehascreatedseveralpiecestohelppeoplewithmentaldisabilitiesrelaxandfindfort.“Musicisconstantlydeveloping,andmusiciansmustkeeplearningtogrow.”hesaid.Withapassionforcreatingandsharing,Kutinaimstopromotedeeperconnectionsbetweenpeopleandcultures,contributingtoamoreharmoniousandlivelyfuturethroughmusic.4.WhatdoweknowaboutKutin?A.Heblendseastandwestinmusic. B.HereceivedmusiceducationinChina.C.HethinksnatureisvitalinChinesemusic. D.HeprefersChinesemusictoWesternmusic.5.WhatisKutin’sbeliefaboutmusic?A.Musicenhancespersonalabilities. B.Musicremovesculturaldifferences.C.Musicbearsthemagictounitepeople. D.Musicexpressesthephilosophyoflife.6Whatcanwelearnfromtheexampleinparagraph4?A.Kutin’smusicispopular. B.Kutin’smusicisemotional.C.Kutin’smusicisinstructive. D.Kutin’smusicistraditional.7.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.ASongOfNature B.ARhymeOfKindnessC.ATuneOfHappiness D.ASymphonyOfHarmony【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了音樂教師PetarKutin的音樂理念與實踐。【4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中“HeskillfullybinesChineseandWesternmusicalelementsandworkswithChinesemusicianstocreateoriginalpieces.(他巧妙地結(jié)合了中西音樂元素，并與中國音樂家合作創(chuàng)作原創(chuàng)作品)”可知，Kutin在音樂中融合了東西方元素。故選A。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中“Ibelievethatmusicisanincrediblypowerfullanguagethatbringspeopletogether.(我相信音樂是一種極具力量的語言，能夠?qū)⑷藗儓F結(jié)在一起)”可知，Kutin認為音樂具有將人們團結(jié)在一起的魔力。故選C。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第四段“Kutinalsousesmusictodelivermeaningfulmessagestohisstudents.Hewrotethelyricsofasongaboutfrugalitytogetherwiththestudents,explainingwhatfrugalitymean—reusingitemsinsteadofthrowingthemunnecessarily,avoidingwaste.Theyturnedthismessageintoasongandthenintoamusicvideo,whichtheyplayalmosteveryweek.(Kutin還通過音樂向?qū)W生傳遞有意義的信息。他和學(xué)生們一起創(chuàng)作了一首關(guān)于節(jié)儉的歌曲的歌詞，向?qū)W生們解釋節(jié)儉的含義——重復(fù)使用物品，而不是隨意丟棄，避免浪費。他們把這個理念變成了一首歌，然后又制作成了一個音樂視頻，幾乎每周都會播放)”可知，這個例子表明Kutin的音樂具有教育意義，能夠傳遞有意義的信息。故選C。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第二段“ForKutin,whohasbeenextensivelytrainedinWesternmusic,Chinesemusicholdsaspecialcharm.HeskillfullybinesChineseandWesternmusicalelementsandworkswithChinesemusicianstocreateoriginalpieces.Inoneofhislatestworks,Kutinblendshisviolinwiththeerhu,alongsidethesoundsoffrogsandbirds,creatingaharmoniousandmovingposition.(對于接受過廣泛西方音樂訓(xùn)練的庫廷來說，中國音樂有著獨特的魅力。他巧妙地將中西方音樂元素融合在一起，并與中國音樂家合作創(chuàng)作原創(chuàng)作品。在他的最新作品之一中，庫廷將小提琴聲與二胡聲相融合，再配上蛙鳴和鳥鳴，創(chuàng)作出了一首和諧動人的樂曲)”可知，文章主要講述了音樂教師PetarKutin如何通過音樂促進不同文化背景的人們之間的連接，創(chuàng)造和諧的社會氛圍。他不僅在學(xué)校教授音樂，還通過音樂傳遞節(jié)儉等有意義的信息，并為社會公益事業(yè)創(chuàng)作音樂。因此，D項“ASymphonyOfHarmony(和諧的交響樂)”最符合文章主旨，既體現(xiàn)了Kutin的音樂理念，也概括了他在音樂方面的實踐。故選D。CScammers(騙子)arebeingtricky,turningtoartificialintelligencetobettercheattheirvictimsoutofmoney.Thisincludesusingdeepfakestopresentthemselvesassomeoneelse.Now,AIisbeingusedinthefightbackwithtelepanyO2employinganAIpoweredgrannyinthebattle.Daisy,anAIgeneratedgrandmacreatedbyBritishtelepanyO2astheultimatescamfighter,isanewAItoolwiththevoiceofagrandmotherdesignedtotalkwithscammersand“wasteasmuchoftheirtimeaspossible”.Basically,sherambleson(絮叨)aboutanythingandeverythingtokeepthemawayfromrealpeople.WhileDaisymaysoundlikeahuman,sheisessentiallyanAIlargelanguagemodelwiththecharacterapplicationofagrandma.ThepanyworkedwithknownscamartiststotrainDaisyandusedanapproachcallednumberseedingtogetDaisy’sphonenumberaddedtoalistofonline“mugslists”—listsusedbyscammerstargetingU.K.consumers.Shefunctionsbylisteningtothescammersandtranslatingtheirvoicetotext.TheAIthensearchesitslargedatabasetofindanappropriateresponse,basedonthespecificscamtrainingshe’sreceived,andtranslatesthattextresponsetospeechforDaisytoreply.Allthishappensinsecondswithnoadditionalinputneeded.Thegoalistokeepthescammeronthephoneforaslongaspossiblebyengagingtheminalifelike,butlengthyconversation.“Daisyisturningthetablesonscammers—outsmartingthemattheirowncruelgamesimplybykeepingthemontheline.”MurrayMackenzie,DirectorofFraudatO2,explained.O2alsohopestodrawattentiontoscamsbywarningconsumerstobecautiousaboutwhotheymaybespeakingto.“Nomatterhowpersuasivesomeoneontheotherendofthephonemaybe,theyaren’talwayswhoyouthinktheyare.”Murraysaid.“Intermsoftipsandtricks,whetheryou’reshoppingonline,reviewingyouremails,orreceivinganoutofthebluephonecall,it’simportanttoalwaysremaincautious.”8.HowdoestheAIgrannyfightagainstscammers?A.Bytellingscammersfunnystories. B.Bytakingupscammers’time.C.Bytalkingscammersintoquitting. D.Bykeepingscammersentertained.9.WhydoesDaisyreceivescamtraining?A.Toreacttoscammersproperly. B.Torecognizescammers’tricks.C.Tomakeherselfmorecreative. D.Toimprovehertranslationskills.10.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“turningthetableson”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Serving. B.Defeating. C.Educating. D.Tracking.11.WhatisMurray’ssuggestiontoconsumers?A.Stopansweringcalls. B.Useparticularsoftware.C.Avoidshoppingonline. D.Raiseantiscamawareness.【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了英國電信公司O2利用人工智能奶奶Daisy對抗騙子的情況。【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Daisy,anAIgeneratedgrandmacreatedbyBritishtelepanyO2astheultimatescamfighter,isanewAItoolwiththevoiceofagrandmotherdesignedtotalkwithscammersand“wasteasmuchoftheirtimeaspossible”.(黛西是英國電信公司O2創(chuàng)造的一個人工智能奶奶，是終極反詐騙斗士，這是一個有著奶奶聲音的新人工智能工具，旨在與騙子交談并“盡可能多地浪費他們的時間”)”可知，人工智能奶奶通過占用騙子的時間來對抗騙子。故選B。【9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“TheAIthensearchesitslargedatabasetofindanappropriateresponse,basedonthespecificscamtrainingshe’sreceived,andtranslatesthattextresponsetospeechforDaisytoreply.(然后，人工智能根據(jù)黛西接受的特定詐騙訓(xùn)練，在其龐大的數(shù)據(jù)庫中搜索合適的回復(fù)，并將文本回復(fù)轉(zhuǎn)化為語音讓黛西回答)”可知，黛西接受詐騙訓(xùn)練是為了能恰當?shù)鼗貞?yīng)騙子。故選A。【10題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段破折號后面的內(nèi)容“outsmartingthemattheirowncruelgamesimplybykeepingthemontheline(僅僅通過讓他們在線上交談，就在他們自己殘酷的游戲中智勝他們)”可知，Daisy通過讓騙子一直在線上而擊敗了他們，由此可知劃線詞意思是“擊敗”。故選B。【11題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的““Nomatterhowpersuasivesomeoneontheotherendofthephonemaybe,theyaren’talwayswhoyouthinktheyare.”Murraysaid.“Intermsoftipsandtricks,whetheryou’reshoppingonline,reviewingyouremails,orreceivinganoutofthebluephonecall,it’simportanttoalwaysremaincautious.”(“不管另一端的人多么有說服力，他們并不總是你認為的那個人。”默里說。“就技巧而言，無論你是在網(wǎng)上購物、查看電子郵件，還是接到一個突然的，始終保持謹慎是很重要的。”)”可知，Murray建議消費者提高反詐騙意識。故選D。DManypeoplethinkthatarguingissimplystatingtheirprejudicesinanewform.Thisiswhymanypeoplealsothinkthatargumentsareunpleasantandpointless.Onedictionarydefinitionfor“argument”is“disagreement”.Butitisnotwhatargumentsreallyare.Anargumentisnotsimplyastatementofcertainviewsoradisagreement.Argumentsareeffortstosupportcertainviewswithreasons.Argumentsinthissensearenotpointless;infact,theyareessential,becausetheyhelptofindoutwhichviewsarebetterthanothers.Notallviewsareequal.Someconclusionscanbesupportedbygoodreasons.Othershavemuchweakersupport.Butoftenwedon’tknowwhicharewhich.Weneedtogiveargumentsfordifferentconclusionsandthenassessthoseargumentstoseehowstrongtheyreallyare.Hereargumentisameansofinquiry.Somephilosophershaveargued,forinstance,thatthefactoryfarmingofanimalsformeatcausesgreatsufferingtoanimalsandisthereforeimmoral.Aretheyright?Wecan’tnecessarilytelljustbyconsultingourcurrentopinions.Manyissuesareinvolved—weneedtoexaminethearguments.Dowehavemoralresponsibilityforotherspecies,orisonlyhumansufferingreallybad?Howwellcanhumanslivewithoutmeat?Somevegetarianshavelivedtoveryoldages.Doesthisshowthatvegetariandietsarehealthier?Orisitirrelevantwhenyouconsiderthatsomenonvegetariansalsohavelivedtoveryoldages2.Allthesequestionsneedtobeconsideredcarefully,andtheanswersarenotclearinadvance.Argumentisessentialforanotherreasontoo.Oncewehavearrivedataconclusionwellsupportedbyreasons,weuseargumentstoexplainanddefendit.Agoodargumentdoesn’tmerelyrepeatconclusions.Instead,itoffersreasonsandevidencesothatotherpeoplecanmakeuptheirmindsforthemselves.Ifyoubeeconvincedthatweshouldindeedchangethewayweraiseanduseanimals,forexample,youmustuseargumentstoexplainhowyouarrivedatyourconclusion.Thatishowyouwillconvinceothers:byofferingthereasonsandevidencethatconvincedyou.Itisnotamistaketohavestrongviews.Themistakeistohavenothingelse.12.Whatis“argument”accordingtotheauthor?A.Debatingwithothers. B.Stickingtoabelief.C.Reachinganagreement. D.Backingupaconclusion.13.Whyareargumentsessential?A.Theycanweighupopinions. B.Theycantellrightfromwrong.C.Theycanchangepeople’sminds. D.Theycanexplainplexconcepts.14.Howdoesthewritersupporthisopinioninparagraph3?A.Bystatingsolidfaces. B.Bygivingacleardefinition.C.Byreasoningwithanexample. D.Byexploringwithquestions.15.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Holdingafirmstandcounts. B.Factsspeaklouderthanopinions.C.Demonstrationempowersargument. D.Agoodconclusiondeservesrepeating.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了論證的真正含義及論證重要的原因。【12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Anargumentisnotsimplyastatementofcertainviewsoradisagreement.Argumentsareeffortstosupportcertainviewswithreasons.(論證不僅僅是對某些觀點的陳述或分歧。論證是用理由來支持某些觀點的努力)”可知，在作者看來，“論證”是支持一個結(jié)論，也就是為結(jié)論提供支撐。故選D。【13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Argumentsinthissensearenotpointless;infact,theyareessential,becausetheyhelptofindoutwhichviewsarebetterthanothers.Notallviewsareequal.Someconclusionscanbesupportedbygoodreasons.Othershavemuchweakersupport.Butoftenwedon’tknowwhicharewhich.Weneedtogiveargumentsfordifferentconclusionsandthenassessthoseargumentstoseehowstrongtheyreallyare.(從這個意義上說，論證并非毫無意義；事實上，它們是必不可少的，因為它們有助于找出哪些觀點比其他觀點更好。并非所有觀點都是平等的。有些結(jié)論可以有充分的理由支持。另一些觀點的支持力度則弱得多。但我們常常不知道哪些是哪些。我們需要為不同的結(jié)論給出論證，然后評估這些論證，看看它們到底有多有力)”可知，論證是必不可少的，因為它們可以衡量各種觀點。故選A。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Hereargumentisameansofinquiry.Somephilosophershaveargued,forinstance,thatthefactoryfarmingofanimalsformeatcausesgreatsufferingtoanimalsandisthereforeimmoral.Aretheyright?Wecan’tnecessarilytelljustbyconsultingourcurrentopinions.Manyissuesareinvolved—weneedtoexaminethearguments.Dowehavemoralresponsibilityforotherspecies,orisonlyhumansufferingreallybad?(在此，論證是一種探究的手段。例如，一些哲學(xué)家認為，為獲取肉類而對動物進行工廠化養(yǎng)殖會給動物帶來巨大的痛苦，因此這是不道德的行為。他們說得對嗎？僅僅依據(jù)我們現(xiàn)有的觀點，我們不一定能判斷對錯。這其中涉及到許多問題——我們需要審視這些論證。我們對其他物種負有道德責任嗎？還是只有人類所遭受的痛苦才真正算得上是糟糕的呢？)”以及本段中的其它問題可推知，作者通過舉哲學(xué)家關(guān)于動物工廠化養(yǎng)殖的例子，并對其進行推理分析來支持自己的觀點。故選C。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Agoodargumentdoesn’tmerelyrepeatconclusions.Instead,itoffersreasonsandevidencesothatotherpeoplecanmakeuptheirmindsforthemselves.Ifyoubeeconvincedthatweshouldindeedchangethewayweraiseanduseanimals,forexample,youmustuseargumentstoexplainhowyouarrivedatyourconclusion.Thatishowyouwillconvinceothers:byofferingthereasonsandevidencethatconvincedyou.(一個好的論證不僅僅是重復(fù)結(jié)論。相反，它提供理由和證據(jù)，以便其他人能夠自己做出決定。例如，如果你確信我們確實應(yīng)該改變我們飼養(yǎng)和使用動物的方式，你必須用論證來解釋你是如何得出這個結(jié)論的。這就是你說服別人的方式：通過提供說服你的理由和證據(jù))”可推知，作者暗示了論證過程中提供證據(jù)和理由的重要性，即通過展示證據(jù)來增強論證的說服力。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Theincreasingrelianceonsmartphonesamongchildrenhasraisedsignificantconcerns.JulieScelfo,founderofMothersAgainstMediaAddiction,arguesthatsmartphoneshavereplacedvitalinpersonexperiencesessentialforhealthysocial,emotional,andacademicdevelopment.____16____AschoolinMinnesotacarriedoutaphonebaninrecentyears.____17____Studentsreportedfeelingmoreconnectedandlessanxiouswithoutconstantaccesstotheirdevices.Similarly,Wis.highschoolinMilwaukeecollectsphonesdaily,leadingtoimprovedfocusandcooperationamongstudents.____18____Adecadeago,GrahamDugonifoundedYondr,whichproducesphonelockersdesignedtokeepstudentsoffdevicesduringschoolhours.Theylockthephonesuntiltheendofthedaywhenstudentstapthemagainstamagnettounlock.Dugonireportsthatover2millionstudentsinAmericanowusetheselockers.Thismethodhasprovedtobeeffective.Theevidenceliesinincreasedlibraryusageandenhancedsocialization.Schoolscarryingoutthesemeasuresaimtocreateamorefocusedenvironmentwherestudentscangrowsociallyandacademically,freefromtheinterruptionsofconstantconnectivity.____19____Someschoolslackresources.Somestudentscareforsistersorbrothersafterschoolandneedtocontactparents.StudentswhosefirstlanguageisnotEnglishcanbenefitfromusingatranslationappduringclass.Duetothedependenceonsmartphones,studentswilleventuallyneedtolearnhowtohaveaphonewithoutconstantlycheckingsocialmedia.____20____Learningfromayoungagethatthere’satimeandplacetouseourtechnologywouldbenefittheminthelongrun.A.Someschoolsaretakingitastepfurther.B.Theyneedtolearnalittlebitmoreselfcontrol.C.Itjustgottobereallytiringtodealwithphones.D.Someschoolsarealsoturningtolockersforhelp.E.However,enforcingphonebanscanbechallenging.F.Itresultedinincreasedstudentengagementandsocialinteraction.G.Inresponsetotheseconcerns,manyschoolsadoptinnovativesolutions.【答案】16.G17.F18.D19.E20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文，主要討論了兒童對智能的依賴問題以及學(xué)校采取的各種措施來減少這種依賴，并分析了這些措施的挑戰(zhàn)和必要性。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“JulieScelfo,founderofMothersAgainstMediaAddiction,arguesthatsmartphoneshavereplacedvitalinpersonexperiencesessentialforhealthysocial,emotional,andacademicdevelopment.(JulieScelfo,MothersAgainstMediaAddiction的創(chuàng)始人，認為智能取代了面對面交流的寶貴經(jīng)驗，而這些經(jīng)驗對健康的社交、情感和學(xué)術(shù)發(fā)展至關(guān)重要。)以及根據(jù)下文“AschoolinMinnesotacarriedoutaphonebaninrecentyears.(明尼蘇達州的一所學(xué)校近年來實施了禁令。)”可知，選項承上啟下說明學(xué)校應(yīng)對這一問題采取的措施。G選項“為了應(yīng)對這些擔憂，許多學(xué)校采用了創(chuàng)新的解決方案。”切題。故選G。【17題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Studentsreportedfeelingmoreconnectedandlessanxiouswithoutconstantaccesstotheirdevices.(學(xué)生們報告說，在沒有的情況下，他們感到更加緊密聯(lián)系，焦慮感也減少了。)可知，選項承接下文說明禁令的益處。F選項“禁令導(dǎo)致了學(xué)生參與度和社交互動的增加。”切題。故選F。【18題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Adecadeago,GrahamDugonifoundedYondr,whichproducesphonelockersdesignedtokeepstudentsoffdevicesduringschoolhours.(十年前，GrahamDugoni創(chuàng)立了Yondr，該公司生產(chǎn)儲物柜，旨在讓學(xué)生在學(xué)期間遠離。)”可知，選項承接下文說明儲物柜是手段之一。D選項“一些學(xué)校也求助于儲物柜來解決問題。”切題。故選D。【19題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Someschoolslackresources.Somestudentscareforsistersorbrothersafterschoolandneedtocontactparents.(一些學(xué)校缺乏資源。一些學(xué)生放學(xué)后需要照顧兄弟姐妹，并需要聯(lián)系父母。)可知，選項承接下文說明執(zhí)行禁令可能面臨的困難。E選項“然而，執(zhí)行禁令可能面臨挑戰(zhàn)。”切題。故選E。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Duetothedependenceonsmartphones,studentswilleventuallyneedtolearnhowtohaveaphonewithoutconstantlycheckingsocialmedia.(由于對智能的依賴，學(xué)生們最終需要學(xué)會如何在不經(jīng)常查看社交媒體的情況下?lián)碛幸徊俊?”可知，選項承接上文說明學(xué)生們最終需要學(xué)會如何在不經(jīng)常查看社交媒體的情況下?lián)碛幸徊浚@是一種自控能力的體現(xiàn)。故B選項“他們需要學(xué)會更多的自我控制。”切題。故選B。第三部分英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Seeingadoggiewalkagainisoneofthemostmagicalfeelingsintheworld.Securingthebeltonthewheelchair,IpettedMissyonthehead.TheShetlandsheepdogwalkedincircles____21____.Thepoordogwassufferingadiseasethatcausedprogressive____22____inthelegs.Thenew____23____wasabouttogiveherasecondlife.Iusedtoworkwithavet(獸醫(yī))until2004whenIopenedmyown____24____.I’vedevotedmylifetohelpingdogsrecoverfrominjuriesandsurgeries.IlovebeingaroundanimalsandovertimeInoticedmoredogsinginunabletowalkaftersurgery.Theirjourneystogettingaroundare____25____.Surelythere’sawayto____26____.Aquicksearchledmetodiscoverthattherewasa(n)____27____inthemarket.Thewheelchairsforanimalswereonlyavailablefromoverseas,andusuallyata(n)____28____costtoowners.IwassurethatI’dfoundmy____29____.Thatwaswheremywheelchairscamein!I____30____buildingthem.Mychairs,whichcostonly$500600,are____31____roundtheworld.IguessI’vemadeathousandintotal.Evenafter20yearsonthejob,Inever____32____seeingtheanimalstaketheirfirst____33____again.WhileI’mlookingto____34____mydaysintheclinicnextyear,Idon’tthinkI’lleverretire.TheworkI’mdoingisjusttoo____35____,toboththeanimalsandme!21.A.confidently B.curiously C.proudly D.excitedly22.A.pains B.weakness C.wounds D.bleeding23.A.chair B.belt C.owner D.doctor24.A.shop B.school C.clinic D.factory25.A.plicated B.dangerous C.boring D.avoidable26.A.survive B.escape C.profit D.help27.A.increase B.fashion C.shift D.gap28.A.huge B.basic C.fixed D.average29.A.support B.balance C.calling D.feeling30.A.continued B.avoided C.started D.appreciated31.A.tested B.sent C.made D.displayed32.A.getusedto B.getdownto C.getlostin D.gettiredof33.A.rides B.steps C.barks D.trips34.A.count B.pass C.reduce D.enjoy35.A.important B.demanding C.attractive D.delicate【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.A26.D27.D28.A29.C30.C31.B32.D33.B34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述作者自己開辦動物診所、開發(fā)動物輪椅致力于幫助狗狗從受傷和手術(shù)中恢復(fù)的故事。【21題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：設(shè)得蘭牧羊犬興奮地繞著圈子走著。A.confidently自信地；B.curiously好奇地；C.proudly自豪地；D.excitedly興奮地。結(jié)合上文“Securingthebeltonthewheelchair”和下文“Thepoordogwassufferingadisease”可知，這只牧羊犬患有疾病，故他對于借助輪椅重新站起來走路應(yīng)是感到興奮，故選D。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這只可憐的狗患了一種疾病，導(dǎo)致雙腿逐漸衰弱。A.pains痛苦；B.weakness虛弱；C.wounds傷口；D.bleeding流血。根據(jù)上文“Securingthebeltonthewheelchair”可知，牧羊犬借助輪椅走路，推知它腿部逐漸衰弱，無法獨立走路，故選B。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：新椅子即將給她第二次生命。A.chair椅子；B.belt腰帶；C.owner主人；D.doctor醫(yī)生。此處指上文提到的“wheelchair”，故選A。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：2004年我開了自己的診所之前，我一直和獸醫(yī)一起工作。A.shop商店；B.school學(xué)校；C.clinic診所；D.factory工廠。根據(jù)下文“I’vedevotedmylifetohelpingdogsrecoverfrominjuriesandsurgeries.(我一生致力于幫助狗狗從受傷和手術(shù)中恢復(fù)過來)”和最后一段中“mydaysintheclinic”可知，作者致力于幫助狗狗從受傷和手術(shù)中恢復(fù)過來，故應(yīng)是開了一家動物診所，故選C。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它們能夠四處走動的過程很復(fù)雜。A.plicated復(fù)雜的；B.dangerous危險的；C.boring令人厭煩的；D.avoidable可避免的。根據(jù)上文“Inoticedmoredogsinginunabletowalkaftersurgery(我注意到越來越多的狗在手術(shù)后無法行走)”和下文“Thewheelchairsforanimalswereonlyavailablefromoverseas,andusuallyata(n)____8____costtoowners.”可知，很多狗狗在手術(shù)后無法行走，動物輪椅只能從海外購買，且價格昂貴，推知此處指狗狗恢復(fù)走路能力的過程很復(fù)雜，故選A。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：肯定有辦法幫忙。A.survive生存；B.escape逃跑；C.profit獲益；D.help幫助。根據(jù)上文“Inoticedmoredogsinginunabletowalkaftersurgery(我注意到越來越多的狗在手術(shù)后無法行走)”和下文作者開始制作動物輪椅可知，作者在尋找能夠幫助狗狗行走的辦法，故選D。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我迅速搜索了一下，發(fā)現(xiàn)市場上有一個空白。A.increase增加；B.fashion時尚；C.shift轉(zhuǎn)移；D.gap間隙，缺口。根據(jù)下文“Thewheelchairsforanimalswereonlyavailablefromoverseas”可知，動物輪椅只能從海外購買，所以此處指動物輪椅存在市場空白，故選D。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：動物的輪椅只能從海外購買，而且對主人來說通常要花很多錢。A.huge巨大的；B.basic基本的；C.fixed固定的；D.average平均的。根據(jù)下文“Mychairs,whichcostonly$500600”提到作者制作的輪椅只需花費500到600美元可知，故此處指海外購買的動物輪椅花費巨大，故選A。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我確信我找到了自己的使命。A.support支持；B.balance平衡；C.calling使命；D.feeling感覺。根據(jù)上文提到作者注意到很多狗狗手術(shù)后無法行走以及下文“Thatwaswheremywheelchairscamein!”可知，作者開始制作動物輪椅，故此處指找到了自己的使命，故選C。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始開發(fā)它們。A.continued繼續(xù)；B.