第第頁2025年高考英語總復習《閱讀理解之主旨大意題》專項測試卷帶答案學校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________考向分析考向分析主旨大意題旨在考查考生通過對原文快速瀏覽正確獲取語篇的大意，并對文章的主題、標題、段落、中心思想加以歸納理解以及辨別主要信息和次要信息的能力。要求考生在閱讀短文時，能夠提煉文章的中心情節，體會作者的主要意圖，充分運用邏輯概括能力，透過字里行間獲取文章最具代表性的觀點、中心論點及作者的情感傾向。考點導航考點導航1.從考查對象上劃分，主旨大意題可分為兩種

①篇章主旨：針對全文的主題進行提問。主題句出現在首段的居多，其次是末段或為幾段主題的綜

②段落主旨：針對某一段或幾段的主題提問。主題句可能是段落的首句、末句，也可能需要從上下文中尋找或總結。

2.從考查內容上劃分，主旨大意題可分為三種

①主題類(內容)，考查文章或段落的主旨大意；

②目的類，考查文章或段落的寫作目的；

③標題類，要求考生選出文章的最佳標題。

◆設問特點：

1.考查全文主旨或段落大意。

2.正確選項概況范圍大小恰當，主旨判斷準確。

3.錯誤選項的特點常常是太大、太窄或者偏離主題，主觀臆斷。

4.常以mainidea,bestidea,subject,mainlydiscuss等詞提問。

◆常考問題：

（1）中心思想類

Themainpoint/ideaofthepassageis…

Thepassageismainlyabout…

Thepassagemainlydiscusses…

Thelastbutoneparagraphischieflyconcernedwith…?

Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?

（2）標題類

Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?

Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe…

（3）目的類

Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthepassageisto…

Thepassageismeantto….

Inwritingthispassage,theauthormainlyintendsto…怎樣理解段落及文章整體的主旨大意文章是由段落組成的。段落是發展一個主題的一群句子，段落圍繞著中心思想展開，而段落的中心思想又是為文章整體的中心思想服務的。尋找具體段落的中心思想的方法是：通過分析篇章結構，找出每小段的主題句，通過主題句找出文章的主題。找準文章的主題句是確定文章主旨大意的關鍵。主題是文章要表達的中心思想，文章的主題句通常都有一個話題，它是文章的核心。“主題句定位法”是一種行之有效的方法。但是由于文章的不同，表現的手法也各有不同，主題句出現的位置也不是一成不變的。在許多情況下，尤其在閱讀說明文和議論文時，根據其篇章特點我們可以通過尋找短文的主題句來歸納出文章的主題。主題句在文章中的位置通常有三種情況：開頭、中間、結尾（含在開頭結尾同時出現、首尾呼應的主題句）。因此，仔細閱讀這類文章或段落的首尾句是關鍵。做主旨大意類試題多采用瀏覽法(skimming)，瀏覽時，一般不需逐句細讀，只選讀文章的首段、尾段，或每段的首句和尾句，重點搜索主題線索和主題信息。文章主題常常可以通過文章的寫作方法來體現，有以下五種情況：1.中心主題句出現在文首開門見山，提出主題，隨之用細節來解釋、支撐或發展主題句所表達的主題思想。這是英語中最常見的演繹法寫作方式，即由一般到特殊，先提出觀點，后舉例論證，主題句則出現在段首的寫作方法。新聞報道通常就采用這種寫法。新聞報道的首句通常稱為“新聞導語”，“導語”實際上就是主題句，是對全文內容的高度概括。大意題、標題一般可在第一句話找到答題依據。2.主題句出現在文尾在細節后，歸納要點、印象、結論、建議或結果，以概括主題。這是英語中最常見的歸納法寫作方式，即細節表述的句子在前，概括性的句子居后，主題句則常位于末段。3.首尾呼應的寫作方法為突出主題，作者先提出主題，結尾時再次點出主題，這種首尾呼應的寫作方式也較為多見。通常，前后表述主題的句子不是簡單的重復，后面的往往有進一步的引申或發展的意味。4.中心主題隱含在全文之中，沒有明確的主題句閱讀這樣的文章，就要求考生根據文章的細節來分析，概括出段落的主題，從而推導出文章的主旨。分析的方法是，先弄清該段落主要講了哪幾個方面的內容，這些內容在邏輯上有什么聯系，然后加以歸納形成主題。該類型的試題則迎刃而解。5.主題句出現在文章的中間通常前面只提出問題，文中的主題由隨之陳述的細節或合乎邏輯的引申在文中導出，而后又作進一步的解釋、支撐或發展。怎樣給閱讀文章整體加注標題——高度概括法對文章主旨大意的考察，不僅可以直接以理解段落及文章的主旨大意的形式出現，而且也可以用選擇或擬定文章標題的形式出現。因此，選擇文章標題，首先可以按照主旨大意的確定方式，先弄清文章的主旨大意，再定標題。標題位于文章之首，用來高度概括文章內容，點明文章主題。它是段落中心思想最精練的表達形式。標題可幫助讀者迅速推測出整篇文章的主要內容，抓住文章的中心，把握作者的觀點和意圖。那么如何選擇文章的標題呢？首先，要考慮標題對文章的概括性或覆蓋面如何。一般要求能覆蓋全文內容，體現文章主旨。要避免下列三種情況：①概括不夠（多表現為部分代整體，從而導致范圍太小）；②過度概括（多表現為脫離本文章內容的發揮）；③以事實、細節替代抽象具體的大意。其次，要考慮標題的針對性，即標題范圍要恰當，針對性強。要在閱讀原文的基礎上，仔細考慮所選標題與文章主題是否有密切的關系。既不能太大，也不能太小，太大則中心就不突出，太小也發揮不了應起的作用；精確度高，不能隨意改變語言的表意程度及色彩。它可以是單詞、短語，也可以是句子。再次要注意標題的醒目性，標題的選擇要簡潔、突出、新穎，標題是文章的點睛之筆，是文章的靈魂和門面。標題的好壞往往影響了文章的可讀性，讀者常常從標題上決定文章的閱讀取舍。故標題一般比較醒目，甚至比較離奇，以此來吸引讀者對文章的興趣。最后要注意，要恰當地選好標題，還需要了解標題的基本擬定方法。一般說來，擬定標題是以話題為核心，與控制性概念的詞按一定的語法濃縮為概括主題句或中心思想的詞組。【題型分析】【題型一精確歸納標題】AnexperimentalcleanupdevicecalledRemoveDEBRIShassuccessfullycastanetaroundadummy(仿真的)satellite,imitatingatechniquethatcouldonedaycollectspacebornegarbage.Thetest,whichwascarriedoutthisweek,iswidelybelievedtobethefirstsuccessfuldemonstrationofspacecleanuptechnology,expertstoldCNN.Anditsymbolizesanearlysteptowardsolvingwhathasalreadybeenacriticalissue:junkinspace.Millionsofpiecesofjunkareturningaroundinorbittheresultof50yearsofspacetravelandfewregulationstokeepspaceclean.Atorbitalspeeds,evenasmallbitofpaintcrashingwithasatellitecancausecriticaldamage.Variouscompanieshaveplanstosendthousandsofnewsatellitesintolow-Earthorbit,alreadythemostcrowdedarea.TheRemoveDEBRISexperimentisrunbyacompanyandresearchersledbytheU.K.’sSurreySpaceCenterandincludesAirbus,Airbus-ownedSurreySatelliteTechnologyLtd.andFrance’sArianeGroup.GuglielmoAglietti,thedirectorofSurreySpaceCenter,saidthatanoperationalversionoftheRemoveDEBRlStechnologywouldcastanetthatremainsfastenedtothemainsatellitesothedebriscanbedraggedoutoforbit.Itcouldtargetlargepiecesofjunk,includingdeadsatellitesupto10meterslong.TheRemoveDEBRISsatellitewillconductafewmoreexperimentsinthecomingmonths,includingtestingnavigationfeaturesthatcouldhelpguidethesatellitetoaspecificpieceofdebris.JonathanMcDowell,anastrophysicistattheHarvard-SmithsonianCenterforAstrophysics,saidthesuccessofthisweek’sexperimentwasexciting,buthecautionedagainst“over-publicizing”it.Therearestillenormousbarrierstoclearbeforeoperationalcleanuptasksareunderway,hesaid,andthemostdiscouragingisfiguringouthowtofundsuchprojects.Aglietti,theSurreyprofessorwhohelpedleadtheRemoveDEBRISproject,said“Thechallengewilllieinpersuadingtherelevantauthoritiestosponsorthesetasks.”AgliettisaidhehopesRemoveDEBRISwillconductafewcleanuptasksperyear,targetingthelargestpiecesofjunkinthemostcrowdedorbits.340What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheRemoveDEBRISProjectIsPerfectB.HowRemoveDEBRISIsInventedintheLabC.WhytheRemoveDEBRISSatelliteIsInventedD.SatelliteCollectsSpaceJunkfortheFirstTime【題型二概括文章大意】Languageswillcontinuetodiverge.EvenifEnglishweretobecometheuniversallanguage,itwouldstilltakemanydifferentforms.IndeedthesamecouldhappentoEnglishashashappenedtoChinese:alanguageofintellectualswhichdoesn’tvaryhugelyalongsidealargenumberofvariationsusedbylocalpeoples.Wewillcontinuetoteachotherlanguagesinsomeform,andnotjustforreasonsofpracticaluse.Learningalanguageisgoodforyourmentalhealth;itforcesyoutounderstandanotherculturalandintellectualsystem.SoIhopeBritisheducationwilldevelopamorerationalapproachtotheforeignlanguagesavailabletostudentsinlinewiththeirpoliticalimportance.Becausesomanypeoplebelieveitisnolongerimportanttoknowanotherlanguage,Ifearthattimedevotedtolanguageteachinginschoolsmaywellcontinuetodecline.Butyoucanarguethatlearninganotherlanguagewellismoreexhaustingthan,say,learningtoplaychesswell—itinvolvessensitivitytoasetofcomplicatedrules,andalsotocontext.Technologywillcertainlymakeadifferencetotheuseofforeignlanguages.Computersmay,forinstance,relievethehardworkthatavasttranslationrepresents.Butnoonewhohasseenacomputertranslationwillthinkitcansubstituteforliveknowledgeofthedifferentlanguages.Amachinewillalwaysbebehindthetimes.Stillmoreimportantisthefactthatnocomputerwillevergetattheassociationsbeyondthewordsassociationsthatmaynotbeexpressedbutwhichcarrymuchofthemeaning.InlanguageslikeArabicthatcontextisveryimportant.Languagescomewithheavyculturalbaggagetoo—inFrenchorGermanifyoumisstheculturalreferencesbehindawordyou’reverylikelytobemissingthemeaning.Itwillbeveryhardtoteachallthattocomputer.AllthepredictionsarethatEnglishwillbespokenbyadecliningproportionoftheworld’spopulationinthe21stcentury.Idon’tthinkforeignlanguageswillreallybecomelessimportant,buttheymightbeperceivedtobe—andthatwouldintheendbe—averybadthing.15．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Learningforeignlanguagesisachallengingjob.B．Learningalanguageisgoodforyourmentalhealth.C．Culturalbackgroundblockstheunderstandingofalanguage.D．Computersplayanimportantroleinlearningforeignlanguages.【題型三總結段落大意】Thereareasmanykindsofcareers(職業)astherearepeople.Theyvarygreatlyinthetypeofworkinvolved(涉及)andinthewaystheyinfluenceaperson'slife.Thekindofcareeryouhavecanaffectyourlifeinmanyways.Bymakingwisedecisionsconcerningyourcareer,youcanhelpyourselfbuildthelifeyouwant.Todothat,youneedasmuchinformationaspossible.Themoreyouknowaboutyourself,thebetterableyouwillbetochooseasatisfyingcareer.Whatdopeoplehopetoobtainfromacareer?Somepeopledesireahighincome.Somehopeforfame.Othersseekforadventure.Stillothersintendtoservepeopleandmaketheworldabetterplace.Beforeyoubegintoexplorecareerfields,youshoulddetermineyourvalues.yourinterests,andyouraptitudesthatwillmakeyoucompetentforyourfuturework.Mostpeoplearehappiestinjobsthatfittheirvalues,interests,andskills.Eachpersonhasmanyvalues,whichvaryinstrength.Forexample,moneyisthestrongestvalueforsomepeople—thatis,wealthismoreimportanttothemthananythingelse.Asaresult,theyfocustheirthoughts,behaviour,andemotionsonthegoalofearningahighincome.Othervaluesincludedevotingtoreligion,takingrisks,spendingtimewithfamily,andhelpingothers.Beforemakingacareerdecision,youcanaskyourselfwhatismostimportanttoyouandexamineyourbeliefstobetterknowyourvalues.Forexample,isitimportanttoyoutoworkasamemberofateam?Orwouldyouratherbeinchargeorworkalone?Ifworkingaloneorbeinginchargeisimportanttoyou,independenceisprobablyoneofyourprimaryvalues.294Whatdoesthewriterconveytousinthelastparagraph?A．Thecontentsofourvalues.B．Thefoundationsofourvalues.C．Theplacestoachieveourvalues.D．Thewaystounderstandourvalues.檢測訓練檢測訓練AItseemswe'realwaysbeingtoldtogetmoresleep.Studiessuggestspendinglesstimeonsleepcanleadtoobesity(肥胖)andevencancer.Youmightevenfindyourselfwithaheadfulloffalsememories.Butrarelydoesscienceexplorethedarksideofsleepingtoomuch.That'sbecausefewofusintoday'sbusyworldhavetheluckofexploringthatoption.InanAugust2018study,publishedintheJournaloftheAmericanHeartAssociation,researchersresearchedthesleeppatternsofthose“fortunate”fewandfoundtheymaynotbesoluckyafterall.Infact,theyfoundpeoplewhogetmorethaneighthoursofsleephavegreaterhealthriskcomparedtothosewhosleeptogetherlessthansevenhours.What'smore,sleep-aholics-thosewhomanagetoget10hoursanight-standa30percenthigherchanceofdyingcomparedtotheseven-hourcrowd.Thewide-rangingglobalstudyinvolved(涉及)morethanthreemillionpeoplewhoself-reportedontheirsleephabitsandcametoaneye-openingconclusion:Ifyoutendtosleepalot,youmaywanttobuyanalarmclock.Aswithallthingsinlife,sleepisbesttakeninmoderation（適度）.Youmaybethinking:WhatifIonlysleepinonSaturdayandSunday,amIstillatrisk?Theanswerisyes,accordingtoa2019studypublishedinCurrentBiology.Researchersdiscoveredthatevenifapersonsleepsmorethansevenhoursontheweekendsbutstillsleepslessthanthatonweeknights,theyareatriskofgainingweightanddevelopingsensitivitytoinsulin,whichcontrolsthelevelofsugarinblood.Forthestudy,36participantsweredividedintothreegroupsthateachhadadifferentsleepschedule:ninehourseverynight,fivehourseverynight,andfivehoursfromMondaytoFridayandsleepingmuchonweekends.Peoplewhogettoomuchsleeptendtofeeltiredandlackenergy.Also,bothsleep-deprived（睡眠不足的)groupsconsumemorefoodandgainweight.8.Whyistheharmfuleffectofsleepingtoomuchseldomstudied?A.Fewpeoplehavetimetosleeptoomuch. B.Lackofsleepcausesmuchmoreharm.C.Itturnsouttobeahealthysleeppattern. D.People'shealthhasnothingtodowithit.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords"those'fortunate'few"inparagraph2referto?A.Thoseleadingarelaxinglife. B.Thosegettingtoomuchsleep.C.Thosewithlesstimetosleep. D.Thosewithnosleepproblems.10.Whatcanbelearnedfromthe2019study?A.Sleepingmuchisparticularlybeneficialtohungrypeople.B.Manypeoplesleepmoreonweekendsthanonweekdays.C.Analarmclockofhighqualityisimportantforgoodsleep.D.Peoplewhosleepmuchonlyonweekendsalsohavehealthrisk.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?AItisnecessarytosaveenoughtimeforsleep.B.Toomuchsleepcanresultingainingweight.C.Sleepingtoomuchdoesharmtopeople'shealth.DPeoplecanavoidsleepingmuchbyeatinghealthily.BWhenpeoplearerudetotheirco-workersortreatthembadly,theyprobablydon’trealizetheunintendedvictimsintheencountercouldbetheco-workers,children.Womenwhoexperienceincivilityintheworkplacearemorelikelytoengageinstricter,moreauthoritarianparentingpracticesthatcanhaveanegativeimpactontheirchildren,accordingtotheresearchpresentedattheannualmeetingoftheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation.“Thesefindingsrevealsomepreviouslyundocumentedwaysthatwomen,inparticular,sufferasaresultofworkplaceaggression,”saidresearcherAngelaDionisi,PhD,ofCarletonUniversity.Thisresearchalsospeakstoapreviouslyunacknowledgedgroupofindirectincivilityvictims,namelychildren.Workplaceincivilityisanybehaviorthatisdisrespectful,impoliteorotherwisegoesagainstworkplacestandardsofrespect,accordingtocoauthorKathryneDupre,PhD,ofCarletonUniversity.“Wenowknowthattheoutcomesofworkplaceincivilityarevastandnegative,”saidDupre.Surveyresultsshowedthatincivilityintheworkplacewasassociatedwithmothersfeelinglesseffectiveasparents,whichcouldhelpexplaintheincreasedneedtoengageinstrict,controllingparentingbehavior,saidDupre.Authoritarianparentshavehighexpectationsfromtheirchildren,withrulesthattheyexpecttheirchildrentofollowunconditionally.Atthesametime,though,theyprovideverylittleinthewayoffeedbackandseverelypunishanymistake,saidDupre.Theytendtohavelotsofregulationsandmicromanagealmosteveryaspectoftheirchildren’slives,valuingdisciplineoverfun.“Researchsuggeststhatauthoritarianparentingismoreofanegativestyleofparentingascomparedtootherparentingstyles.Thisstyleofparentinghasbeenassociatedwithavarietyofnegativechildoutcomes,includingexhibitingaggressivebehavioroutsidethehome,beingfearfuloroverlyshyaroundothers,havingdifficultyinsocialsituationsduetoalackofsocialcompetence,”shesaid.4.Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“incivility”inParagraph1?A.Rudeness. B.Panic.C.Violence. D.Argument.5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTafeatureofauthoritarianparents?A.Theytendtobetoostrictwiththeirchildren.B.Theysethighstandardsfortheirchildrentoreach.C.Theywanttokeeptheirchildren’slifeundercontrol.D.Theyattachequalimportancetodisciplineandfun.6.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thecauseofmoreauthoritarianparents.B.Theharmofworkplaceincivilitytochildren.C.Thedifferentstylesofparentingpractices.D.Theeffectsofhighexpectationsfromchildren.CLittleblacktaxis,oftenrun-downandfallingapartfromdecadesofuse,haveforalongtimebeenamainfeatureofCairo’schaoticurbanlandscape.Buttheirdaysmaybenumbered,thankstoanewtaxireplacementprogrammeaimedatknockingoutolder,potentiallyunsafevehicles.Thegovernment-sponsoredaction,launchedearlierthisyear,allowsdriversoftaxis20yearsorolder,mostlyFiatsandPeugeots,totradetheircarsforshinynewall-whiteonesatgenerousratesoffinancing.Driverscanchoosebetweenfivedifferentlocallymanufacturedcarmodels.Accordingtoofficials,morethan11,000brandnewtaxis,sportingtrademarkcheckedstripesonthesides,havealreadyhitthestreetsofthecapital,andthey’vebeenwelcomedenthusiasticallybypassengers.Manypeoplesaythatnotonlyarethenewtaxismorecomfortable,buttheyalsomakethestreetsofCairofarmorepresentable.Furthermore,taxifareshaveonlyincreasedbyasmallamount.Thepoorconditionofmostblackandwhitetaxisisalmostlegendary.Passengersoftenhavetodealwithwindowsanddoorsthatdonotopenandclose,andheavy,thickpetrolgases.Airconditioningisunheardof.Thenewall-whitetaxis,meanwhile,arecleaner,morefuel-efficientandprovideairconditioningonrequest.Furthermore,allthenewtaxiscomeequippedwithfunctioningfaremeters,whichavoidsargumentsandsometimesfightswithpassengers!Thegovernmenthopestoreplaceallofthecapital’s40,000elderlyblackcabssoon,butnoteveryoneinCairowillbehappytoseethemgo.HotelmanagerIbrahimAl-Toukhysaysthattheoldblackcabswereweakandrun-down,andmaybeevenalittledangerous,buttheywerepartofthecity,andpartofCairo’scharacter.1.Whichofthefollowingscanreplacetheunderlinedword“chaotic”inparagraph1?A.disorderly B.fantastic C.busy D.silent2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutthenewtaxis?A.Theyaremuchmorepresentable.B.Theirpassengershavetopaydramaticallymore.C.Theyaremuchmoreenergy-saving.D.Onlyfewofthemprovideairconditioning.3.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.TheroadtrafficconditionofCairoB.AtaxirenewalprogrammelaunchedinCairoC.TheproblemswitholdblackCairotaxis.D.VariousviewsonthenewtaxireplacementinCairoDDuringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool(小學),Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.Iwasthequeenoftheplayground.Thencamemytweensandteens,andmeangirlsandcoolkids.Theyroseintheranksnotbybeingfriendlybutbysmokingcigarettes,breakingrulesandplayingjokesonothers,amongwhomIsoonfoundmyself.Popularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:thelikableandthestatusseekers.Thelikables’plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.Thenthere’sthekindofpopularitythatappearsinadolescence:statusbornofpowerandevendishonorablebehavior.Enviableasthecoolkidsmayhaveseemed,Dr.Prinstein’sstudiesshowunpleasantconsequences.Thosewhowerehighestinstatusinhighschool,aswellasthoseleastlikedinelementaryschool,are“mostlikelytoengage(從事)indangerousandriskybehavior.”Inonestudy,Dr.Prinsteinexaminedthetwotypesofpopularityin235adolescents,scoringtheleastliked,themostlikedandthehighestinstatusbasedonstudentsurveys(調查研究).“Wefoundthattheleastwell-likedteenshadbecomemoreaggressiveovertimetowardtheirclassmates.Butsohadthosewhowerehighinstatus.Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment,highstatushasjusttheoppositeeffectonus."Dr.Prinsteinhasalsofoundthatthequalitiesthatmadetheneighborswantyouonaplaydate-sharing,kindness,openness—carryovertolateryearsandmakeyoubetterabletorelateandconnectwithothers.Inanalyzinghisandotherresearch，Dr.Prinsteincametoanotherconclusion:Notonlyislikabilityrelatedtopositivelifeoutcomes,butitisalsoresponsibleforthoseoutcomes,too."Beinglikedcreatesopportunitiesforlearningandfornewkindsoflifeexperiencesthathelpsomebodygainanadvantage,”hesaid.33.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout？A.Theclassificationofthepopular.B.Thecharacteristicsofadolescents.C.Theimportanceofinterpersonalskills.D.Thecausesofdishonorablebehavior.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.BeNice-YouWon’tFinishLastB.TheHighertheStatus,theBeerC.BetheBest-YouCanMakeItD.MoreSelf-Control,LessAggressivenessEMarianBechtelsitsatWestPalmBeach’sBarLouiecounterbyherself,quietlyreadinghere-bookasshewaitsforhersalad.Whatisshereading?Noneofyourbusiness!LunchisBechtel’s“me”time.AndlikemoreAmericans,she’snotalone.Anewreportfound46percentofmealsareeatenaloneinAmerica.Morethanhalf(53percent)havebreakfastaloneandnearlyhalf(46percent)havelunchbythemselves.Onlyatdinnertimeareweeatingtogetheranymore，74percent，accordingtostatisticsfromthereport.“Iprefertogooutandbeout.Alone，buttogether，youknow？”Bechtelsaid，lookingupfromherbook.Bechtel，whoworksindowntownWestPalmBeach，haslunchwithcoworkerssometimes，butlikemanyofus，toooftenworksthroughlunchatherdesk.Alunchtimeescapeallowshertokeepabossfromtappingherontheshoulder.Shereturnstoworkfeelingenergized.“Today，Ijustwantedsometimetomyself，”shesaid.Justtwoseatsover，AndrewMazoleny，alocalvideographer，isfinishinghislunchatthebar.Helikesthathecansitandcheckhisphoneinpeaceorchatupthebarkeeperwithwhomhe'sonafirst-namebasisifhewantstohavealittleinteraction(交流).“Ireflectonhowmyday'sgoneandthinkabouttherestoftheweek,”hesaid.“It'sachanceforself-reflection,Youreturntoworkrechargedandwithaplan.”Thatfreedomtochooseisonereasonmorepeopleliketoeatalone.Therewasatimewhenpeoplemayhavefeltawkwardaboutaskingforatableforone，butthosedaysareover.Now，wehaveoursmartphonestokeepuscompanyatthetable.“Itdoesn'tfeelasaloneasitmayhavebeforealtheadvancesintechnology,”saidLaurieDemerit，whosecompanyprovidedthestatisticsforthereport.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thetrendofhavingmealsalone.B.Theimportanceofself-reflection.C.Thestressfromworkingovertime.D.Theadvantageofwirelesstechnology.FImaginesomeonewhohasspentthemajorityoftheirlifesittingwithasignonthesideoftheroadandthatverypersongivingsomeonetheirlast20dollars.That’sexactlywhatMarineCorpsveteran(退伍軍人)JohnnyBobbitt,34,didinOctoberinPhiladelphia.BobbittservedintheU.S.MarineCorpsandworkedasaparamedic(醫務輔助人員)inVanceCounty,N.C.beforehebecamehomeless.Nobodyknewhowhegottowherehewasbecausehewasdiscreetaboutthat.OnenightinOctober,BobbittwassittingroadsidewithasigninPhiladelphiaasusual,whenKateMcClureofFlorenceTownship,N.J.wasdrivinghomedownInterstate95andranoutofgas.Scaredandnervous,shegotoutofthecartoheadtothenearestgasstation.AsMcClurewasheadingtothenearestgasstation,sheranintoBobbittandhetoldhertogetbackinthevehicleandlockthedoor.Minuteslater,heappearedwitharedgascan.He’dusedhislast$20tobuyhergas.Afterthatunexpectedmeeting,McClureandherboyfriend,MarkD’Amico,whobothliveinNewJersey,visitedBobbittseveraltimestodelivergiftcards,cash,snacksandtoiletries.Theythendecidedtocreateafundraisingpagesohewouldn’thavetospendtheholidayssleepingonthestreet.McClurestartedtheGoFundMepageonNovember10.Withthepage,thecouplehopedtoraise$10,000,enoughmoneyforhisrent,areliablevehicleanduptosixmonths’expenses.Bobbitt’sstoryraninalocalpaper.ByNovember15，morethan10,000localpeoplehadmadedonationsthroughtheGoFundMepageandmorethan$300,000hadbeenraised.OnThanksgiving,Bobbittwasrestinginahotel,hisfeetuponthebed,drawingupagrandplanforhisnewlife,thankstoseveralthousanddollarsraisedtorepayhimforagooddeed.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discreet”inparagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Doubtful. B.Cautious.C.Guilty. D.Optimistic.5.McCluremetBobbittwhenshe.A.couldn’tfindagasstation B.gottothewayhomeC.couldn’tunlockhercar D.wasinsearchofgas6.Itcanbeknownfromthetextthat.A.Bobbitt’sstoryobtainedwideattentionB.Bobbittbecameworld-famousovernightC.theGoFundMepagecollectedover$400,000forBobbittD.theGoFundMepagewasstartedtohelppeoplelikeBobbitt7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AHomelessVeteranPaidKindnessForwardB.AHomelessVeteranHadaGenerousHeartC.AHomelessVeteran’sKindnessPaidOffD.ASmallKindnessMadeaBigDifferenceGWhenwemeetsomeoneforthefirsttime,weusuallygetavaguesenseofwhatkindofpersontheyarebythewaytheyshakehands,talk,orwalk.Intheageofsocialnetworking,however,firstimpressionsaresometimesmadeevenbeforeweactuallymeetsomeoneinpersonthatis,bylookingattheirprofilephoto.Accordingtoarecentstudy,thesesocialimagessayalotaboutourpersonality.Inthestudy,presentedinapaperattheInternationalAAAIConferenceonWebandSocialMedia,agroupofresearchersfromtheUniversityofPennsylvaniaintheUSusedsoftwaretoanalyzetheprofilepicturesof66,000usersofUSsocialplatformTwitterand3,200oftheirtweets.Atthesametime,about434participantswereaskedtocompleteasurveyabouttheirpersonalitytype.Theresearcherswantedtofindoutiftherewasaconnectionbetweenpersonalitytraits—likeopenness,extroversion,andneuroticism(神經質)—andaperson’sprofilepicture.Accordingtotheresults,openpeoplearemorelikelytoposeinanunusualwayanduseobjectssuchasglassesoraguitarintheirprofilephotobecausetheyenjoynewandexcitingexperiences.Meanwhile,neuroticpeopleoftenholdbacktheirnegativeemotions.Theytrytoavoidshowingtheirface；Instead,theyuseanimageofsomethinglikeapet,acarorabuilding.Apartfromtheobjectsinprofilepictures,thecolorsusedinthemalsogiveussomehintsaboutthephoto’sowner.Forexample,extravertswerefoundtohavethemostcolorfulprofileimages,astheywanttoemphasizetheirpersonalityandshowthemselvesoff,theresearcherswrote.Althoughsocialmediaphotos“usuallyrepresentanextensionofone’sself,theyalsoallowausertoshapehisorherownpersonalityandidealizedview,”accordingtotheresearchers.So,whenchoosingaprofilephoto,maybeweshouldaskourselvesfirstwhatkindofimagewe’dliketoconvey.Afterall,firstimpressionsalwayslast.28.Whathelpsformthefirstimpressionswiththedevelopmentofnetwork?A.Shakinghands B.Greetings C.Profilepictures D.Gestures29.What’sthepurposeofthestudy?A.Toanalyzetheusers’preference.B.Toconductasurveyaboutpersonalitytype.C.Toexploretheformationoffirstimpression.D.Toseekoutthelinkbetweencharactersandprofilephotos.30.Accordingtothestudy,anoutgoingpersonmay.A.chooseapuppydogasanimage B.shareadistinctposeinhisphotoC.fillhisprofilephotowithlightcolors D.carelittleabouthisimage31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.BeMindfulofYourPersonality B.MakeUseofYourSocialImageC.FirstImpressionsMakeaDifference D.ProfilePhotosRevealYourPersonality參考答案考向分析考向分析主旨大意題旨在考查考生通過對原文快速瀏覽正確獲取語篇的大意，并對文章的主題、標題、段落、中心思想加以歸納理解以及辨別主要信息和次要信息的能力。要求考生在