工程質(zhì)量通病防治做法手冊(cè)

目錄2·目 錄一、鋼筋工程···········································································································································································································131、鋼筋原材/半成品堆碼混亂，標(biāo)識(shí)、標(biāo)牌缺失················································································································································142、直螺紋鋼筋原材未采用專用鋼筋切斷機(jī)切平··················································································································································153、直螺紋絲頭長度、絲頭完整有效扣數(shù)不符合要求·········································································································································164、箍筋彎鉤平直段長度不足····················································································································································································175、鋼筋彎折的彎弧內(nèi)直徑不符合要求···································································································································································186、墻、柱鋼筋偏位·····································································································································································································197、電渣壓力焊鋼筋焊包不飽滿、軸線偏移、未順肋·········································································································································218、鋼筋馬凳筋、保護(hù)層墊塊放置不規(guī)范······························································································································································229、梁柱核心區(qū)柱箍筋數(shù)量不足···············································································································································································2310、型鋼混凝土梁主筋焊接長度不足，隨意開孔··············································································································································24二、模板工程··········································································································································································································251、后澆帶處的模板及支架未獨(dú)立設(shè)置··································································································································································262、模板架體拆除不合規(guī)、隨意拆除······································································································································································273、鋁模免抹灰收口凹槽預(yù)留不規(guī)范······································································································································································284、樓板降板成型質(zhì)量差···························································································································································································295、洞口預(yù)留模板變形·······························································································································································································30三、混凝土工程·····································································································································································································311、樓梯施工縫留設(shè)位置不符合要求·····································································································································································322、施工縫處理不到位·······························································································································································································333、混凝土缺陷處置不及時(shí)、不規(guī)范·····································································································································································344、混凝土錯(cuò)臺(tái)（木模轉(zhuǎn)鋁模樓層）·····································································································································································355、混凝土墻體錯(cuò)臺(tái)（木模）··················································································································································································366、地下室頂板荷載控制措施不到位·····································································································································································377、柱、墻與梁、板不同強(qiáng)度等級(jí)混凝土攔截不到位·······································································································································383目錄8、鋼管混凝土不密實(shí)，孔洞，斷層·····································································································································································399、混凝土潤管砂漿澆筑到結(jié)構(gòu)主體內(nèi)·································································································································································4010、混凝土氣泡過多·································································································································································································4111、墻柱底部爛根·····································································································································································································4212、混凝土樓板裂縫·································································································································································································4313、鋁模傳料口鋼筋留置不規(guī)范、封堵不密實(shí)··················································································································································44四、裝配式工程······································································································································································································451、預(yù)制構(gòu)件運(yùn)輸、堆放不規(guī)范，產(chǎn)生撓度和開裂············································································································································462、預(yù)留鋼筋或者預(yù)埋件偏位··················································································································································································473、疊合板板帶部位流漿錯(cuò)臺(tái)（1）·······································································································································································484、疊合板板帶部位流漿錯(cuò)臺(tái)（2）·······································································································································································495、疊合板板帶部位流漿錯(cuò)臺(tái)（3）·······································································································································································506、套筒灌漿不飽滿···································································································································································································514目錄7、灌漿構(gòu)件受擾動(dòng)··································································································································································································528、預(yù)制樓梯端頭板混凝土預(yù)留尺寸不準(zhǔn)確·······················································································································································53五、預(yù)應(yīng)力工程·····································································································································································································541、管道定位措施不到位，局部偏移或上浮·······················································································································································552、已安裝的管道成品保護(hù)不到位········································································································································································563、預(yù)應(yīng)力管道連接密封不嚴(yán)·················································································································································································574、張拉設(shè)備和儀表未配套標(biāo)定或不在有效期內(nèi)··············································································································································585、封錨保護(hù)層厚度不夠或封錨不密實(shí)·······························································································································································59六、屋面工程········································································································································································································601、排汽構(gòu)造設(shè)置不當(dāng)·····························································································································································································612、出屋面構(gòu)件（女兒墻、屋面機(jī)房、伸出屋面管道井等）未設(shè)置混凝土反坎······················································································623、女兒墻防水泛水高度不足················································································································································································634、屋面倒坡、積水·································································································································································································645目錄5、屋面保護(hù)層分格縫設(shè)置不規(guī)范·······································································································································································656、女兒墻分格縫設(shè)置不規(guī)范···············································································································································································667、屋面排煙（風(fēng)）道等未施工滴水槽或鷹嘴·················································································································································678、設(shè)備基礎(chǔ)、管道支墩等防水泛水高度不足·················································································································································68七、防滲漏··············································································································································································································691、地下室防水卷材搭接錯(cuò)邊、寬度不符合要求·············································································································································702、地下室外墻防水收口不規(guī)范、成品保護(hù)不到位·········································································································································713、止水鋼板外露寬度不符要求···········································································································································································724、止水鋼板未雙面搭接焊、搭接質(zhì)量差··························································································································································735、吊洞采用鐵絲吊模、混凝土不密實(shí)······························································································································································746、外墻螺桿眼未有效封堵、滲漏·······································································································································································757、外窗滲水·············································································································································································································76八、二次結(jié)構(gòu)·········································································································································································································776目錄1、混凝土反坎施工管控不到位···········································································································································································782、管線直接從衛(wèi)生間反坎根部或門下檻穿設(shè)·················································································································································793、空調(diào)管采用填塞砌塊砌筑···············································································································································································804、構(gòu)造柱施工不規(guī)范····························································································································································································815、管線開槽質(zhì)量差································································································································································································82九、鋼結(jié)構(gòu)工程··································································································································································································831、半成品/成品吊運(yùn)損傷·····················································································································································································842、母材氣割割痕超差···························································································································································································853、零部件/構(gòu)件加工尺寸超差············································································································································································864、地腳螺栓位移，螺桿損壞··············································································································································································875、鋼柱安裝尺寸超差···························································································································································································886、鋼梁安裝高差超規(guī)范要求··············································································································································································897、焊縫-夾渣··········································································································································································································907目錄8、焊縫-咬邊··········································································································································································································919、焊縫-焊瘤··········································································································································································································9210、焊縫-氣孔········································································································································································································9311、使用氣割、電焊割孔或擴(kuò)孔·······································································································································································9412、高強(qiáng)螺栓終擰后螺絲外露長度不一··························································································································································9513、扭剪型高強(qiáng)螺栓終擰后梅花頭未擰掉······················································································································································9614、樓承板栓釘排布不規(guī)整，焊接未熔合······················································································································································9715、表面處理-未達(dá)到除銹等級(jí)··········································································································································································9816、涂裝-皺皮········································································································································································································9917、涂裝-流墜········································································································································································································10018、涂裝-針眼········································································································································································································10119、涂裝-氣泡········································································································································································································10220、涂裝-涂層厚度超標(biāo)·······················································································································································································1038目錄21、油漆反銹、脫落·····························································································································································································10422、防火涂料涂刷完畢后表面出現(xiàn)裂紋···························································································································································10523、檁條安裝不符合要求·····················································································································································································10624、金屬屋面底板成型質(zhì)量差············································································································································································10725、金屬屋面板固定座定位不準(zhǔn)導(dǎo)致防水破損··············································································································································10826、屋面板成型效果不符合要求········································································································································································10927、屋面板鎖邊未鎖緊·························································································································································································11028、天窗收邊注膠隨意·························································································································································································111十、裝飾裝修工程·····························································································································································································1121、石材地面泛堿····································································································································································································1132、吊桿長度大于

1500mm

時(shí)，未設(shè)置反支撐·············································································································································1143、墻磚干掛用云石膠做結(jié)構(gòu)固定······································································································································································1154、墻面干掛石材鋼架基層掛件螺栓安裝未加彈簧圈····································································································································1169目錄5、吊頂石材沒有用干掛件或掛件部位未進(jìn)行加強(qiáng)處理································································································································1176、吊頂主龍骨及吊桿接觸風(fēng)管引起開裂··························································································································································1187、吊頂未設(shè)置伸縮縫引起開裂···········································································································································································1198、吊頂造型轉(zhuǎn)角未加固引起開裂·······································································································································································1209、重型設(shè)備和有振動(dòng)荷載的設(shè)備直接安裝在吊頂工程的龍骨上···············································································································12110、臺(tái)下盆未設(shè)置鋼架等可靠支撐····································································································································································12211、裝飾后的消火栓箱門設(shè)置不規(guī)范································································································································································12312、上人屋面臨空欄桿高度不符要求································································································································································124十一、給排水工程·····························································································································································································1251、室內(nèi)排污管轉(zhuǎn)彎處使用

90

度角彎頭···························································································································································1262、排水管坡度不足·································································································································································································1273、水泵吸水管上偏心異徑管安裝錯(cuò)誤·······························································································································································1284、軟連接安裝帶勁連接不順直、螺栓安裝方向錯(cuò)誤·····································································································································12910目錄5、給水管穿變形縫處補(bǔ)償器施工不規(guī)范···························································································································································1306、室外埋地水管未做防腐·····················································································································································································1317、上人屋面通氣管高度不足·················································································································································································132十二、電氣工程·····································································································································································································1331、防雷接地焊接質(zhì)量差·························································································································································································1342、接地扁鋼設(shè)置不符合規(guī)范要求········································································································································································1353、屋面接閃器施工不規(guī)范·····················································································································································································1364、電纜槽盒穿墻及穿樓板時(shí)未做防火封堵或防火堵料封堵不密實(shí)············································································································1375、槽盒跨接線連接不規(guī)范·····················································································································································································1386、吊頂內(nèi)軟管連接不規(guī)范·····················································································································································································1397、槽盒穿變形縫處補(bǔ)償裝置設(shè)置不規(guī)范···························································································································································1408、線管穿變形縫處補(bǔ)償裝置設(shè)置不規(guī)范···························································································································································141十三、通風(fēng)與空調(diào)工程······················································································································································································14211目錄1、豎向管道固定支架翼板、弧板等缺失或偏小，隔熱硬木缺失················································································································1432、大型管道支吊架施工不規(guī)范············································································································································································1443、空調(diào)機(jī)房并聯(lián)運(yùn)行水泵的管道進(jìn)入總管未采用順?biāo)餍毕蜻B接············································································································1454、矩形風(fēng)管轉(zhuǎn)彎處未設(shè)置彎管導(dǎo)流片·······························································································································································1465、直徑或長邊≥630mm

的防火閥未設(shè)置獨(dú)立支吊架，閥門距墻超過

200mm····················································································1476、薄鋼板風(fēng)管邊長大于

2000mm

時(shí)使用法蘭彈簧夾連接；彈簧夾未正反交叉安裝···········································································1487、空調(diào)管道系統(tǒng)最低或局部最低處未設(shè)置排水裝置，管道系統(tǒng)最高或局部最高處未設(shè)置排氣裝置················································1498、風(fēng)管保溫釘密度不足，風(fēng)管法蘭連接處未設(shè)置獨(dú)立保溫條·····················································································································1509、風(fēng)管穿變形縫處補(bǔ)償裝置設(shè)置不規(guī)范····························································································································································15112目錄鋼筋工程13一、鋼筋工程通病現(xiàn)象通病圖片通病防治做法鋼筋原材/半成品堆碼混亂，標(biāo)識(shí)、標(biāo)牌缺失防治做法：堆放場地硬化，制作工具式鋼筋堆放架。鋼筋加工場懸掛鋼筋加工量化質(zhì)量控制標(biāo)牌，明確鋼筋加工量化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。地下室頂板堆載前，制定施工方案進(jìn)行荷載計(jì)算，按照方案堆載。建立鋼筋半成品待檢區(qū)和合格區(qū)，半成品加工完成及時(shí)檢查合格放入合格區(qū)，不合格返工重做。建立鋼筋物項(xiàng)標(biāo)識(shí)牌、鋼筋半成品使用料牌，明確使用部位?？刂埔c(diǎn)：分類碼放；標(biāo)識(shí)、標(biāo)牌及時(shí)、準(zhǔn)確。工具式鋼筋堆放架標(biāo)識(shí)牌鋼筋工程14通病現(xiàn)象通病圖片通病防治做法直螺紋鋼筋原材未采用專用鋼筋切斷機(jī)切平防治做法：根據(jù)施工現(xiàn)場環(huán)境選擇合適的器具進(jìn)行切割。如帶鋸、砂輪鋸或帶圓弧形刀片的專用鋼筋切斷機(jī)。鋼筋切割前，調(diào)試切斷機(jī)器，檢查切片、鋼筋切斷刀頭是否符合要求。檢查鋼筋原材限位裝置是否完善。鋼筋原材垂直于切斷工具斷面放置，切割時(shí)不應(yīng)發(fā)生位移。若場外加工，需建立定期駐場檢查制度，定期到場檢查，嚴(yán)禁過程中不檢查僅半成品進(jìn)場驗(yàn)收檢查?？刂埔c(diǎn)：鋼筋原材限位及切平。臥式帶鋸床直螺紋鋼筋原材切平效果鋼筋工程15通病現(xiàn)象通病圖片通病防治做法直螺紋絲頭長度、絲頭完整有效扣數(shù)不符合要求防治做法：直螺紋絲頭長度、絲頭完整有效扣數(shù)應(yīng)符合廠家產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)