Welcometoourclass!Class5Senior3chickseggshenrelationsHowdoyoudealwiththenewwordsorphrasesthatyoumeetwhilereading?IgnorethemandcontinuereadingLookthemupinthedictionary詞義猜測題常見的考查形式：1)Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordintheparagraph?/Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?2)Thephrase“…”inthesentencecouldbereplacedby_________.3)Theword“…”intheparagraphrefersto______.4)Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningtothephrase”…”?5)Bysaying“…”inthefirst(second…)paragraph,theauthormeansthat______.6)Whatdoyouthinktheexpression“…”standfor?Guess考查方向：1.熟詞新意，即熟悉詞匯的陌生含義；2.復(fù)合詞的含義的理解，對(duì)于衍生詞匯的理解能力；3.根據(jù)上下文對(duì)代詞的指代含義的理解能力；4.根據(jù)上下文對(duì)不認(rèn)識(shí)單詞的詞義判斷能力；5.對(duì)諺語、俗語、俚語含義的理解能力；6.通過近義詞、反義詞和常識(shí)理解詞匯的能力。高考英語閱讀策略

之猜測詞義猜測詞義是英語閱讀的一種重要技巧，也是高考中常考的題型，是考查學(xué)生對(duì)文章上下文語境理解及詞匯量等多方面綜合能力。Example11.

Anthropologyisthescientificstudyofmankind.詞義：_________2.Thetermjamconstitutesastateinwhichapersonfindshimselforherselfinadifficultsituation.詞義：_________

人類學(xué)Rules1：通過定義或解釋來猜測定義常由定語從句或becalled，beknownas,bedefinedas，constitute，referto等詞匯或破折號(hào)，冒號(hào)，括號(hào)來引導(dǎo)。解釋常由or,thatis(tosay),inotherwords，toputitanotherway引出一些具體的解釋性的短語。困境Practice1:Youshouldneverputacottonswaborotherobjectintotheearcanal.Butyoucanuseaswaborclothtocleantheouterpartoftheear.Theexpertsagreewiththeoldsayingthatyoushouldneverputanythingsmallerthanyourelbowinyourear.Whatdoesa“swab”mostlyprobablymean?_____somethingsoft,smallandusedinclinicsB.somethinghard,longandusedathomeC.somethingthin,wetandlikeanelbowD.somethingsafe,bigandlikeatoy

ＡExample2Rules2：

通過舉例進(jìn)行猜測常用suchas,like，forexample,forinstance等引出例子。1.Youmayborrowfromthelibraryanyperiodicals:TheWorldofEnglish,EnglishSquare,CrazyEnglish,EnglishLearning.

詞義：_________2.Collins

decidedthatshemustgo,althoughthehazardsofthetripweremany,forexample,theunbearableheat,thepossibilityofgettinglost…

詞義：________期刊危險(xiǎn)Practice2:IleftuniversitywithagooddegreeinEnglishLiterature,butnosenseofwhatIwantedtodo.Overthenextsixyears,Iwastreadingwater,justtryingtoearnanincome.Itriedjournalism,butIdidn’tthinkIwasanygood,thenfinance,whichIhated.Finally,Igotajobasarightsassistantatafamouspublisher.Ilovedworkingwithbooks,althoughthejobthatIdidwasdull.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph1mean?＿＿＿

Iwaswaitingforgoodfortune.B.Iwastryingtofindanadmirablejob.C.Iwasbeingaimlessaboutasuitablejob.D.Iwasdoingseveraljobsformorepayatatime.ＣExample3Rules

３：通過同義或反義關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測表示對(duì)比或轉(zhuǎn)折的常見信息詞有：but，yet，however，while，ontheotherhand，onthecontrary，incontrast，inspiteof，instead等，有時(shí)也用破折號(hào)或冒號(hào)表示對(duì)比。表示同義的常見信息詞有：or,like,similarly等1.AndrewisoneofthemostsuperciliousmenIknow.Hisbrother,incontrast,isquitehumbleandmodest.詞義：________2.Mr.Smithlovestotalk,andhiswifeissimilarlyloquacious.

詞義：________傲慢的

愛說話的

Pracitce3:EventheEthiopianpublichasonlyseenLucytwice.TheLucyonexhibitionattheEthiopianNationalMuseuminthecapital,AddisAbaba,isareplicawhiletherealremainsareusuallylockedinasecretstoreroom.Whatdoesthewords“areplica”inParagraph2referto?

A.Apaintingoftheskeleton.

B.AphotographofLucy

C.Acopyoftheskeleton.

D.AwrittenrecordofLucy.

CExample4Rules4：通過因果關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測表示因果關(guān)系的信息詞有：since,as,because,for,so,thus,consequently,therefore,dueto,resultin,forthisreason,so/suchthat等。1.Thatmuseumissoimmense

thatitwillbeimpossibletoseealltheexhibitsinoneday.詞義：________(2)He’ssuchashrewdbusinessmanthathelosesnomoneyinanytrade.詞義：________巨大的精明的Practice4Whensomekindofpainkillerwasbroughtoutrecently,researchersfoundthatthecoloursturnedthecustomersoffbecausetheymadetheproductlookweakandineffective.Eventually,itcomeonthemarketinadarkblueandwhitepackage-bluebecausewethinkofitassafe,andwhiteascalm.Theunderlinedpart“thecoloursturnedthecustomersoff”meansthatthecolours＿＿＿.attractedthecustomersstronglyB.hadweakeffectsonthecustomersC.trickedthecustomersintoshoppingD.causedthecustomerstolosebelieforinterestＤExample5Sharksareamongthefewanimalsintheworldthatalmostnevergetcancerandeyecataracts.Understandingwhycanhelpusimprovehumanhealth.Chemicalsextractedfromsharkcartilagehavekilledcanceroustumorsinlaboratoryanimals,aresearchthatsomedaycouldhelpprolongyourlife.Theunderlinedword“prolong”intheparagraphmeans______.A.saveB.protectC.lengthenD.improveC構(gòu)詞法合成有兩個(gè)或更多的詞合成一個(gè)詞派生在詞根上加上前、后綴構(gòu)成另一個(gè)單詞轉(zhuǎn)化將一種詞性轉(zhuǎn)化成另一種詞性pathwayeverydayriversideextraordinarymaturityfrustrationantiwarplacefree

valuecombRules5：

Wehavebeentoldthatencouragingachild’sself-respectisimportanttohisorhersuccessinlife.Butchildexpertsarenowlearningthattoomuchpraisecanleadtotheoppositeeffect.Praiseholickidswhoexpectitmaysufferfromdepressionwhentheyarefacedwithtroublesomesituation

Theunderlinedwords“Praiseholickids”referstokidswhoare______.A.tiredofbeingpraisedB.worthyofbeingpraisedC.veryproudofbeingpraisedD.extremelyfondofbeingpraisedPractice5:D

Example6ISScrewmembersusuallyliveinspaceforatleastaquarterofayear.TheyworkfivedaysonandtwodaysofftomimicthenormalwaytheydothingsonEarthasmuchaspossible.Weekendsgivethecrewvaluabletimetorestanddoafewhoursofhousework.Theycancommunicatewithfamilyandfriendsbyemail,internetphoneandthroughprivatevideoconferences.Whatdoestheword"mimic"inParagraph1probablymean?______A.find

B.copy

C.change

D.lose

BRules

6：生活常識(shí)：利用文化背景、生活常識(shí)猜測詞義。讀者可以運(yùn)用邏輯推理能力，結(jié)合社會(huì)文化背景和自身的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)及生活常識(shí)，再根據(jù)上下文推測生詞的含義。Practice6:

Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient,heusuallygivesananaesthetictomakehimunconscious,becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.Whatdoestheword“anaesthetic"inParagraph1probablymean?______A.AkindofbooksB.ApieceofadviceC.AkindofmedicineD.AkindofanimalsC解題方法定義解釋法舉例法同義詞、反義詞和對(duì)比關(guān)系法因果關(guān)系法構(gòu)詞法上下文語境法轉(zhuǎn)換派生合成生活常識(shí)It’stimetousewhatyoulearn.Youhavethreetypesofexercisestochoosefrom.

Youareexpectedtoguessthemeaningoftheunderlinedpart;butNEVERuseadictionary,oryouwillberuledout!!!Youcandiscusswithyourpartners;Whichevergroupgetsthehighestscoreshallobtainasecretgiftafterclass!GameRulesABClatestnews

sportslifeeducationsixwordsforyou,onepointeach,andthreechancesforeachword.Ifyoucan'tanswercorrectly,othergroupwillgetthechance!COMEON!

BSunYangwasdetainedonMondaybypolicefordrivingwithoutalicense,afterabusrear-endedhisPorscheSUVinhishometownSunYangisservingaseven-dayjailsentence,andwasfined2,000Yuan.ZhejiangCollegeofSports,whereSuntrainedwithhisteam,hasannouncedthathe’sbeenbarredfrompracticingandcompeting,andbeenbannedfromdoinganycommercialactivitiesuntilhissuspensionislifted.拘留，扣留禁止（做…）Regionsshroudedinheavysmogoverthepastweekareliftingtheirdangerousweatheralertsasanewcoldfrontdrivesthepollutionaway

CitiesinnorthernChinahaveseenclearblueskiesagainonSunday.ThecentralmeteorologicalbureauhasnowlifteditsnationwidedoublealertforhazeandfogalthoughShanghairemainedhazyonMondaymorning,andthecity’sweathercentersaiditwasmorearesultofmoistfogratherthanthedangerous

fineparticlesinsmog.

解除SmoginotherregionsisalsoexpectedtodisperseascoldairaccompaniedbywindarriveslateMondayorTuesday.SincethestartofDecember,largepartsofChinahaveseensmoggyweatherwhichhasledtoclosuresofhighwaysandschoolaswellasflightdelays.分散；散開YuLizhong,chancellorofNewYorkUniversityShanghai,whereclassesareinEnglishandstudentsarerequiredtohaveahighstandardofEnglish,saidthemostimportantaspectofthereformlayinwhattotestandhowtotest.“AsfarasIsee,thereformdoesn’tmeanEnglishisnolongerimportantforChinesestudentsafteritwillbeexcludedfromtheunifiedcollegeentranceexam,”Yusaid.排除“Inaway,Englishisevenmoreprominentthanbeforesincethetestwouldonlyserveasreference,whileeverycollegeanduniversity,eveneverymajor,canhavedifferentrequirementsofastudent’sEnglishskillsunderadiverseevaluationsystem.”Ministrysaidthereformwouldnotaffectstudentsattendingthecollegeentranceexamoverthenextthreeyears.重要的EnglishlitertuareGonewiththewindJaneEyrePrideandprejudiceThreewordsforyou,twopointseach,andthreechancesforeachword.Ifyoucan'tanswercorrectly,othergroupwillgetthechance!GOODLUCK!!!AGonewithTheWind

Iwasneveronetopatientlypickupbrokenfragmentsandgluethemtogether,thentellmyselfthatthemendedwholewasasgoodasnew.Whatisbrokenisbroken—andI’dratherrememberitasitwasatitsbestthanmenditandseethebrokenplacesaslongasIlived.碎片

Doyouthink,becauseIampoor,humble,plainandlittle,Iamsoullessandheartless?Youthinkwrong!Ihaveasmuchsoulasyouandfullasmuchheart!AndifGodhadgiftedmewithsomebeautyandmuchwealth.Ishouldhavemadeitashardforyoutoleaveme,asitisnowformetoleaveyou.Iamnottalkingtoyounowthroughthemediumofcustom,norevenofmortalflesh,itismyspiritthataddressesyourspirit,justasifbothhadpassedthroughthegrave,andwestoodatGod’sfeet,equal-asweare!對(duì)...講話傲慢與偏見Mr.Darcy:Iloveyou.Mostheartily.Pleasedomethehonorofacceptingmyhand.Elizabeth:Sir,Iappreciatethestruggleyouhavebeenthrough,andIamverysorrytohavecausedyoupain.Believeme,itwasunconsciouslydone.Mr.Darcy:Isthisyourreply?Elizabeth:Yes,sir.Mr.Darcy:Areyou...areyoulaughingatme?Elizabeth:No.Mr.Darcy:Areyourejectingme?

Elizabeth:I'msurethatthefeelingswillhelpyouinovercomingit.Mr.Darcy:MightIaskwhy,withsuchefforttobecivilized,Iamthusrepulsed?Elizabeth:AndImightaswellenquirewhy,withsoevidentadesignofinsultingme,youchosetotellmethatyoulikedmeoragainstyourbetterjudgment.拒絕Collegeentranceexamination（2013山東）（2013江蘇）（2013湖南）Threewordsforyou,twopointseach,andonlyONEchancesforeachword.Ifyoucan'tanswercorrectly,othergroupwillgetthechance!Don'tloseheart,becauseyouhavealreadygotanextrapointrandomlybecauseofgoodluck.Sohaveago!!!C1.Sparrowfailedtogrowforanothertwoyears,untilanewCEOdecidedtobuildupitsmarketshare.Hedidasurvey,whichshowedthatconsumerswhoalreadyusedSparrowrestaurantswereextremelypositiveaboutthechain,whilecustomersofotherfast-foodchainswereunwillingtoturnawayfromthem.Sparrowhadtodevelopanewpromotionalcampaign.（2013山東）

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inParagraph2referto?A.CustomersofSparrowrestaurantsB.SparrowrestaurantsC.Customersofotherfast-foodchainsD.Otherfast-foodchainsD2.Twain’sracialtonewasnotperfect.Oneisleftuneasy,forexample,bythelengthypassageinhisautobiography(自傳)abouthowmuchhelovedwhatwerecalled“niggershows”inhisyouth—mostlywithwhitemenperforminginblack-face—andhisdelightingettinghismothertolaughatthem.YetthereisnoreasontothinkTwainsawtheshowsasrepresentingreality.Hisfrequentattacksonslaveryandprejudicesuggesthiskeenawarenessthattheydidnot.(13江蘇）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph7referto?A.Theattacks.

B.Slaveryandprejudice.C.Whitemen.

D.Theshows.DAchildoftheDepression(大蕭條),SheilawasraisedinBrooklynbyparentswhoconsiderededucationaluxuryforgirls.Starting