PAGEPAGE12024中考英語閱讀、首字母、短文語法選擇精享新選（7）一、閱讀理解。A（2024中考科普環保類選練）EveryyearwhentheItalianartistMichelangelo’s(1475－1564)birthdaycomesaround,computerusersallovertheworldarefilledwithfear（恐驚）andusetheircomputerswithcare.SomemayevenchoosenottoturnontheircomputersonMarch3rd.Allthisfearandcarearejustbecauseadeadlycomputervirusisexpectedtocausedamages（損害）onthatday.What’sacomputervirusthen?Whydopeoplegetsoafraidofit?Acomputervirusis,infact,alittleprogramthatisputintootherprogramsandthatdoessomethingbad.Itiscalledavirusbecause,likeanyreallifevirusessuchasAIDSvirus,itreproduces(繁殖)itself.Andwhentheseprogramsarerun,thevirusisbroughttolife.Ithidesitselfinyourcomputersystemwaitingfortherightmomenttomakedamages.Andatthesametimeitkeepsproducingitselfbycopyingitselfontootherprograms.TheMichelangeloviruswaitsuntiltheartist’sbirthdaycomesaround,andthenitwillwakeuptodoverybadthingslikedestroyingyoufiles.（文件）Sonexttimewhenyouturnonyourcomputer,lookoutforcomputerviruses!

1.Acomputervirusisakindof

.

A.famousperson’sbirthday

B.deadlydisease

C.unsafegame

D.dangerousprogram

2.Computerusersfearvirusesbecause

A.theycanbringusersbadluck

B.theycancausedamagestotheusers

C.theymaydogreatharmtocomputers

D.theycanchangetheprogramsinallcomputers

3.Itseemedthat

.

A.acomputerviruswillappeareachtimeyouturnonyourcomputer

B.acomputervirusisgiventothecomputerbyanItalianartist

C.acomputerviruswillappearattherighttime

D.acomputerviruscanneverbegotridofbyhumanbeings

4.Fromthepassageweknow

.

A.manypeoplefearcomputersbecauseoftheviruses

B.acomputervirusisjustthesameasareallifevirus.

C.MichelangelowasbornonMarch3rd

D.theartistMichelangelowasabadperson

5.Inthelastparagraph,thewritersuggeststhatweshould

A.lookforcomputerviruses

B.waitfortheartist’sbirthdaytocomeC.becarefulofcomputerviruses

D.notturnonourcomputers參考答案DCCCC

BHaveyoueverthoughtaboutmakingabicyclethatyoudreamof?Somecreativepeoplehaveinventedsomespecialbicycles.Herearethreeofthem.BambikesBambikesareproducedinacompanyinPhilippines.Theyaremadeofanunusualkindofbambooandothermaterialslikemetalandalocalplant.Theyareverystrong.Andtheyareaperfectcombination(結合)ofthegreenestbuildingmaterialandcommonbicycles.Bymakingbambikes,thecompanyoffersjobstothelocalpeople.Besides,itprovidesmoneyforsomestudentsinitscommunitytopayfortheirstudy.Tocontinuetheproduction,thecompanyplantsmorebamboothanitcuts.TheheaviestbicycleAGermancyclinglover,FrankDose,hasrecentlymadetheworld'sheaviestbicyclewithbigoldwheelsandlotsofotherwastematerials.Hecreateditjustbecauseofabet(打賭)hemadewithhisfriend.Thebicycleweighed1.08tons.Itbroketheworldrecordofitskindinweight.Franksaidhisbicyclewassurprisinglyeasytoridealthoughithadahugesizeandweighedalot.Herodeitinfrontof5，000peopleforover100meterstoproveit.Twisted(變形的)bicyclesTwobrothersinFrancecreatedabikethatlooksstrangetorideandtwistsinthemiddle.Riderscanmaketightturns(急轉彎).Thebrotherssaythebicycleishardtoridesoitcanstoppeoplefromstealingit.Infact,itisn'tashardtocontrolasyoumaythink.Ittakesadayortwotogetusedtothecrazywayofriding.It'samazing.Sofar,therehavebeen30ofthebicycle,buttheyarenotforsaleyet.依據上述內容，推斷下列句子正誤，正確的為“T”，錯誤的為“F”。1.Frankbuilttheworld'sheaviestbicyclewiththematerialsthathisfriendboughtforhim.2.Somestudentsinthecommunitycangetmoneyfromthebambikecompanytopayfortheirstudy.3.Bambikesaremadeofaspecialkindofbambooandothermaterials.4.Thetwobrothersrodetheirbikesinfrontofsomepeopletoshowhowtousethem.5.30twistedbicyclesweremadeandsoldout.【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了三種特制的自行車。第一種車是由菲律賓一家公司運用竹子和其他一些材料結合而制成，但是它們特別堅實；其次種車是由德國一名騎車愛好者運用大型廢舊車輪和其他廢料制作而成，是世界上最重的自行車；第三種車是由法國的兩兄弟制成，他們把車的中間部分弄彎，讓一般人騎不了這種自行車，防止自行車被人偷盜。這些奇異的自行車，展示了人們非凡的創建性思維和動手實力。1.F【解析】細微環節理解題。題干意為：弗蘭克用他摯友給他買的材料制造了世界上最重的自行車。從“Theheaviestbicycle”一欄中的第一句“AGermancyclinglover,FrankDose,hasrecentlymadetheworld'sheaviestbicyclewithbigoldwheelsandlotsofotherwastematerials.”可知，一位德國自行車愛好者弗蘭克，最近用大的舊車輪和許多廢料制造了世界上最重的自行車。故本題描述錯誤。2.T【解析】細微環節理解題。題干意為：社區中的一些學生可以從竹子自行車公司拿到錢來支付他們的學習費用。從“Bambikes”一欄中的第六句“Besides,itprovidesmoneyforsomestudentsinitscommunitytopayfortheirstudy.”可知，此外，它還為社區里的一些學生支付學費。故本題描述正確。3.T【解析】細微環節理解題。題干意為：竹子自行車是用一種特殊竹子和其他材料而成的。從“Bambikes”一欄中的其次句“Theyaremadeofanunusualkindofbambooandothermaterialslikemetalandalocalplant.”可知，它們是由一種不尋常的竹子和其他材料制成的，比如金屬和當地的一種植物。故本題描述正確。4.F【解析】推理推斷題。題干意為：兩兄弟在一些人面前騎他們的自行車來展示怎樣運用它們。從“Twisted(變形的)bicycles”一欄中的第三句“Thebrotherssaythebicycleishardtoridesoitcanstoppeoplefromstealingit.”可知，兩兄弟說這輛自行車很難騎，所以可以防止人們偷它。所以他們演示的是這輛自行車很難騎，以便讓其他人望而生畏。也可從“Theheaviestbicycle”一欄中的最終兩句“Franksaidhisbicyclewassurprisinglyeasytoridealthoughithadahugesizeandweighedalot.Herodeitinfrontof5，000peopleforover100meterstoproveit.”可知，弗蘭克說他的自行車特殊簡單騎，雖然它尺寸很大并且特別重，而且他在五千人面前騎了100米向人們證明白這點。因此，在別人面前騎車是弗蘭克做的而不是兩兄弟做的。故本題描述錯誤。5.F【解析】細微環節理解題。題干意為：三十輛變形自行車被制造出來賣掉。從“Twisted(變形的)bicycles”一欄中的最終一句“Sofar,therehavebeen30ofthebicycle,buttheyarenotforsaleyet.”可知，到目前為止，已有三十輛這樣的自行車，但是它們不用于銷售。故本題描述錯誤。C（2024年選練--科普環保類）Innature,youmayseemanyinsects(昆蟲）andanimalsofdifferentcolors.Haveyoueverwonderedwhy?Locustsaresuperdeliciousfoodforbirds,butitisnotalwaysaneasyjobforbirdstocatchthem.Itisneitherbecauselocustsaregoodjumpersorrunnersnorbecausetheyaresmarterthantheirenemies.Thereasonisthatthecolorsoflocustschangewiththecolorsofcrops(莊稼).Whencropsareyoung,locustslookgreen.Butwhenautumncomes,locustschangetotheyellowandbrowncolorascropsdo.Brownbears,tigersandotheranimalsmovequietlythroughforests.Theycan’tbeseeneasilybytheirenemies.Thisisbecausetheyhavecolorssimilartothetrees.Forthesamereason,polarbearsthatliveonalandofsnowandicearewhite.Butterfliesandbeeslivingamongtheflowersarecolorfullikeflowers.Soilinsectsaremostlydark-coloredandtheyliveunderthesoil(土壤）inadarkandwetenvironment.However,insectswithcolorsdifferentfromplantscaneasilybefoundandeatenbyothers.Soinordertosurvive,theyhavetohidethemselvesinthedaytimeandappearonlyatnight.Haveyouevernoticedsomeevenstrangeracts?Theinkfishintheseacansendoutsomeveryblackinkwhenitfacesdanger.Astheinkspreadsover,itsenemieswillfindthemselvessuddenlyinadarkworld.Atthesametimetheinkfishimmediatelyswimsaway.Thatishowitkeepsitselfsafethoughitisnotstrongatall.1．Itisnoteasyforbirdstocatchlocustsbecause____________.A.locustsaregoodrunnersB.locustscanjumpveryhighC.locustsaresmarterthanbirdsD.locustscanchangetheircolor2．Accordingtothepassage,mostsoilinsects_________A.donothavebrightcolorsB.changetheircolorswiththesoilC.donotliveinadarkandwetenvironmentD.Eatcolorfulinsectslikebutterfliesandbees3．What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword”survive”inthepassage?A.繁殖B.產卵C.覓食D.生存4．Theinkfish_______sothatitsenemieswillnotseeit?A.changesitscolorB.makesthewaterarounditblackC.appearsonlyatnightD.hidesitselfinthesearocks5．Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Someinsectsandanimalshavedifferentskills.B.Someinsectsandanimalsarecleverthanwethink.C.Someinsectsandanimalsusecolorstoprotectthemselves.D.Someinsectsandanimalscangetusedtotheenvironmenteasily.【參考答案】1．D2．A3．D4．B5．C【解析】短文大意：這篇短文中作者主要介紹了一些動物如何利用顏色來愛護自己的方式。1．依據其次段Locustsaresuperdeliciousfoodforbirds,butitisnotalwaysaneasyjobforbirdstocatchthem……ereasonisthatthecolorsoflocustschangewiththecolorsofcrops(莊稼).及下文描述,可知鳥類不易捉住昆蟲是因為他們能夠隨著莊稼而變更他們自身的顏色.故選D.2．依據第三段Soilinsectsaremostlydark-coloredandtheyliveunderthesoil(土壤）inadarkandwetenvironment.描述，可知生活在土壤里面的昆蟲沒有光明的顏色。故選A。3．聯系下文theyhavetohidethemselvesinthedaytimeandappearonlyatnight.描述，可知此處指的是為了生存。故選D。4．依據短文最終一段描述，可知墨魚能夠能夠噴出一種墨水，讓它四周水的顏色變黑來愛護自己。故選B。5．這篇主要介紹了一些動物依靠自身顏色來愛護自己的生存方式。故選C。二、語法選擇。閱讀下面短文，依據句子結構的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，從1-15各題所給的A、B、C、D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Lastsummerholidays,myclassmatesandIhelpedwithacharityshow.Itsaimwastoraisemoneyforthosechildren_1_couldn’tgotoschoolinpoorareas.Itwasverymeaningfulforustodoit.Wedidalotforthat.IfelthappywhenI_2_tobethehost.Thoughitwasexciting,Iwas_3_nervousbecauseoftheTVcamerasthatIcouldn’tsleepallnight.Iknewthatlotsofpeople_4_towatchtheshow,alsotherewouldbealargeaudiencein_5_frontoftheTV.Asafewfamousstarswouldcometotheshow,oneofmyduties_6_tointroduceeachofthem.Ialsohadsome_7_thingstodo.SoIoftenworked_8_morningtonight.Itwashardwork,_9_Iwashappy.Ipracticedalotbeforetheshow.Ihadtorememberallthewordsanddo_10_rightatthesametime.Atfirst,IthoughtIwouldneverbeabletodoitbetter.Ikept_11_myselfnottobenervous.Slowlyeverythingbecameeasier.Thebigdaycameveryfast._12_peoplecametotheshow.Theydonatedmoneyandmaterials.Andthelocalbusinessalsogave_13_alotofsupport.Howgeneroustheyare!Aftertheshow,wesentthedonationstothosepoorchildren.Soontheywroteback.Theywerereallygratefultous.Iwasveryproud_14_Icouldhelpthem.Ihope_15_peoplewillalwayshelpthem.1.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.whose2.A.chooseB.choseC.amchosenD.waschosen3.A.veryB.soC.tooD.such4.A.comeB.willcomeC.comingD.wouldcome5.A.aB.anC.theD./6.A.isB.wasC.areD.were7.A.otherB.othersC.theotherD.another8.A.fromB.inC.atD.on9.A.orB.butC.andD.so10.A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything11.A.tellB.tellingC.toldD.totell12.A.HundredB.HundredsofC.HundredofD.Twohundredsof13.A.weB.usC.ourD.ourselves14.A.ofB.whichC.whatD.that15.A.manyandmanyB.moreandmanyC.moreandmoreD.muchandmuch參考答案1—5CDBDC6—10BAABD11—15BBBDC三、短文首字母填空。在短文的空格內填入適當的詞，使其內容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給。Goodhealthisthemostvaluablethingapersoncanhave.Itisimportanttorememberthatthebodyneedsproperc1inordertobehealthy.Therearethreethingstha