2025年護士執業資格考試題庫（兒科護理學專項）兒科護理專業英語試題卷考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、單項選擇題要求：每題只有一個正確答案，請選擇最符合題意的選項。1.Achildpresentswithfever,cough,anddifficultybreathing.Whichofthefollowingisthemostlikelydiagnosis?A.CysticfibrosisB.ChickenpoxC.PertussisD.Bronchiolitis2.A5-year-oldboyisdiagnosedwithasthma.Whichofthefollowingisanimportantmeasureinthemanagementofhisasthma?A.AvoidingexposuretoallergensB.AdministeringoralcorticosteroidsC.PerformingchestphysiotherapyD.Initiatingastrictdiet3.Aneonateisbornwithacleftpalate.Whichofthefollowingfeedingtechniquesismostappropriateforthisneonate?A.Bottle-feedingwithaspecialnippleB.BreastfeedingwithasyringeC.Tube-feedingD.Gavagefeeding4.A2-year-oldgirlisbroughttotheemergencydepartmentwithahighfever,vomiting,andaredrash.Whichofthefollowingisthemostlikelydiagnosis?A.Hand,foot,andmouthdiseaseB.RoseolainfantumC.ChickenpoxD.Measles5.A3-month-oldinfantisdiagnosedwithcongenitalheartdisease.Whichofthefollowingcomplicationsismostcommoninthispopulation?A.CongestiveheartfailureB.PulmonaryhypertensionC.VentricularseptaldefectD.Atrialseptaldefect6.A6-year-oldboyhasbeendiagnosedwithType1diabetesmellitus.Whichofthefollowingself-caremeasuresismostimportantforhim?A.RegularexerciseB.MonitoringbloodglucoselevelsC.TakinginsulininjectionsD.Eatingabalanceddiet7.A1-year-oldinfantisbroughttotheclinicwithahistoryofprojectilevomitingandpoorweightgain.Whichofthefollowingisthemostlikelydiagnosis?A.GastroesophagealrefluxdiseaseB.CongenitaldiaphragmaticherniaC.HirschsprungdiseaseD.Intussusception8.A4-year-oldboyisbroughttotheemergencydepartmentwithahistoryofahighfever,severeheadache,andstiffneck.Whichofthefollowingisthemostlikelydiagnosis?A.MeningitisB.EncephalitisC.StrepthroatD.Urinarytractinfection9.A6-month-oldinfantisdiagnosedwithcongenitalhypothyroidism.Whichofthefollowingisthemostimportantinterventionforthiscondition?A.AdministeringlevothyroxineB.MonitoringgrowthanddevelopmentC.Providingahigh-proteindietD.Initiatingearlyinterventionservices10.A2-year-oldboyisdiagnosedwithautismspectrumdisorder.Whichofthefollowinginterventionsismosteffectiveforthiscondition?A.BehavioraltherapyB.SpeechtherapyC.MedicationD.Physicaltherapy二、多項選擇題要求：每題有兩個或兩個以上正確答案，請選擇所有符合題意的選項。1.Aneonateisatriskforneonatalabstinencesyndrome(NAS)ifexposedtowhichofthefollowingsubstancesduringpregnancy?A.OpioidsB.AlcoholC.CocaineD.Marijuana2.Whichofthefollowingarecommonsignsandsymptomsofbronchiolitisininfants?A.WheezingB.CoughC.NasalflaringD.Decreasedoxygensaturation3.Achildwithasthmamayhavewhichofthefollowingtriggers?A.AllergensB.ExerciseC.ColdairD.Stress4.Whichofthefollowingarecommonsignsandsymptomsofcongenitalheartdiseaseinneonates?A.CyanosisB.TachycardiaC.EdemaD.Fatigue5.AchildwithType1diabetesmellitusshouldbetaughtwhichofthefollowingself-caremeasures?A.MonitoringbloodglucoselevelsB.AdministeringinsulininjectionsC.FollowingabalanceddietD.Participatinginregularphysicalactivity6.Whichofthefollowingarecommonsignsandsymptomsofgastroesophagealrefluxdisease(GERD)ininfants?A.SpittingupB.CryingC.PoorweightgainD.Failuretothrive7.Whichofthefollowingarecommonsignsandsymptomsofmeningitisinchildren?A.HighfeverB.StiffneckC.SeizuresD.Confusion8.Whichofthefollowingareimportantinterventionsforachildwithcongenitalhypothyroidism?A.AdministeringlevothyroxineB.MonitoringgrowthanddevelopmentC.Providingahigh-proteindietD.Initiatingearlyinterventionservices9.Whichofthefollowingarecommonsignsandsymptomsofautismspectrumdisorderinchildren?A.DelayedspeechdevelopmentB.DifficultywithsocialinteractionsC.RepetitivebehaviorsD.Sensorysensitivities10.Whichofthefollowingareimportantconsiderationswhencaringforachildwithachronicillness?A.ProvidingemotionalsupportB.EducatingthefamilyonthediseaseC.DevelopingacareplanD.Monitoringforcomplications四、簡答題要求：請根據所學知識，簡要回答以下問題。1.簡述新生兒窒息的評估和急救措施。2.解釋兒童哮喘的病理生理機制及其主要臨床表現。3.描述兒童糖尿病的飲食管理原則。五、案例分析題要求：請根據以下案例，分析并回答問題。案例：一名5歲女孩因反復發作性腹痛、嘔吐和便秘就診。醫生懷疑為腸套疊，建議進行空氣灌腸復位。問題：1.腸套疊的常見病因是什么？2.空氣灌腸復位術的適應癥和禁忌癥有哪些？3.如何進行空氣灌腸復位術？六、論述題要求：請根據所學知識，論述以下主題。1.論述兒童常見傳染病的預防措施。2.討論兒童心理健康問題的識別和干預策略。3.分析兒童慢性疾病的長期護理需求及其對家庭和社會的影響。本次試卷答案如下：一、單項選擇題1.D.Bronchiolitis解析：根據癥狀描述，如發熱、咳嗽和呼吸困難，最可能的診斷是細支氣管炎（Bronchiolitis）。2.A.Avoidingexposuretoallergens解析：哮喘管理中，避免過敏原接觸是最重要的措施之一。3.A.Bottle-feedingwithaspecialnipple解析：裂顎嬰兒可能難以吸吮母乳，因此使用特制的奶嘴進行瓶喂是合適的。4.A.Hand,foot,andmouthdisease解析：高熱、嘔吐和紅色皮疹是手足口病的典型癥狀。5.A.Congestiveheartfailure解析：先天性心臟病患兒中最常見的并發癥是充血性心力衰竭。6.B.Monitoringbloodglucoselevels解析：對于1型糖尿病患兒，監測血糖水平是最重要的自我管理措施。7.A.Gastroesophagealrefluxdisease解析：噴射性嘔吐和體重下降是胃食管反流病的常見癥狀。8.A.Meningitis解析：高熱、頭痛和頸項強直是腦膜炎的典型癥狀。9.A.Administeringlevothyroxine解析：先天性甲狀腺功能減退癥的最重要干預措施是給予左旋甲狀腺素。10.A.Behavioraltherapy解析：行為療法是治療自閉癥譜系障礙最有效的干預措施之一。二、多項選擇題1.A.OpioidsB.AlcoholC.CocaineD.Marijuana解析：這些物質在孕期暴露可能導致新生兒戒斷綜合征。2.A.WheezingB.CoughC.NasalflaringD.Decreasedoxygensaturation解析：這些是細支氣管炎的常見癥狀。3.A.AllergensB.ExerciseC.ColdairD.Stress解析：這些是哮喘的常見觸發因素。4.A.CyanosisB.TachycardiaC.EdemaD.Fatigue解析：這些是先天性心臟病在新生兒中的常見癥狀。5.A.MonitoringbloodglucoselevelsB.AdministeringinsulininjectionsC.FollowingabalanceddietD.Participatinginregularphysicalactivity解析：這些都是1型糖尿病患兒自我管理的必要措施。6.A.SpittingupB.CryingC.PoorweightgainD.Failuretothrive解析：這些是胃食管反流病的常見癥狀。7.A.HighfeverB.StiffneckC.SeizuresD.Confusion解析：這些是腦膜炎的典型癥狀。8.A.AdministeringlevothyroxineB.MonitoringgrowthanddevelopmentC.Providingahigh-proteindietD.Initiatingearlyinterventionservices解析：這些是先天性甲狀腺功能減退癥的重要干預措施。9.A.DelayedspeechdevelopmentB.DifficultywithsocialinteractionsC.RepetitivebehaviorsD.Sensorysensitivities解析：這些是自閉癥譜系障礙的常見特征。10.A.ProvidingemotionalsupportB.EducatingthefamilyonthediseaseC.Developingacareplan