EncouragementUnit5新發(fā)展英語2StudyFocus1.Tounderstandtheeffectsofpraise.2.Tolearntousethe“As…,so…”structure.3.Toillustratetheeffectofpraisewithyourpersonalexperiences.4.Tolearntodevelopaparagraphbylistingorgivingexamples.5.ToexplainthepurposeofcreatingtheHelloDay.

CONTENTS

IntensiveReadingSkillsBuildingFastReadingPartⅠPartⅡPartⅢPartⅠIntensiveReadingPartⅠPre-readingPreparationTextReadingComprehension1.Discussthefollowingquestionswithyourpartners.(1)Doyouthinkyoucanmakeamiraclehappentoapersonbypraisinghim?(2)Whobenefitsmorefrompraise,thegiverorthereceiver?PartⅠPre-readingPreparationTextReadingComprehension2.Readthefollowingsentencescarefullyandworkoutthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordsandexpressions.(1)“I’msorrytohearthat,”Nancysaidinasympatheticvoice.(2)Doctorsandnursesmustbealerttoanysignofchangeincriticallyillpatients.(3)Iunderstandyourambition,butyoumustlivewiththefactthatyouarenolongerasyoungasyouwere.(4)YouwillseeBeijingatitsbestifyougothereinfall.PartⅠPre-readingPreparationTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearning

切斯特菲爾德勛爵，英國著名政治家、外交家及文學家，曾就讀于劍橋大學，并游學歐洲大陸，1726年繼承爵位，1728年出使荷蘭，曾任愛爾蘭總督及國務大臣等職位。切斯特菲爾德勛爵留給世人最寶貴的財富，是他集幾十年的心血，寫給兒子菲利普·斯坦霍普的信。這些書信后來結集出版，書名為《切斯特菲爾德勛爵書信集》（LordChesterfield’sLetterstoHisSon），在英國上流社會廣為流傳，被譽為是一本“紳士教育的教科書”，并成為一本世界名著。在他的諄諄教誨下，其子也成為一名杰出的外交家。ChesterfieldPartⅠPre-readingPreparationTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPre-readingPreparationPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPre-readingPreparationPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPre-readingPreparationPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPre-readingPreparationPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningWordsthatWorkMiracles1.“MaybewhenI’mahundred,I’llgetusedtohavingeverythingIdo,”ayounghomemakertoherneighbor.“IfBillwouldme,he’dmakemylifemuchhappier.”2.Fewofusrealizehowmuchweneedencouragement.Yetwemustthewarmthofnowandthenorloseourself-confidence.Translation1.也許等我活到100歲的時候，我才會習慣別人認為我做的每件事都是理所當然的，”一位年輕的家庭主婦向她的鄰居吐露內心的秘密。“如果比爾偶爾能對我說幾句好聽的，他會讓我的生活幸福得多。”2.我們中很少有人意識到我們是多么需要鼓勵。我們必須時常感受到贊揚的溫暖，否則就會失去自信。takenforgrantedconfidedcomplimentonceinawhilebaskinapprovalPre-readingPreparationPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearning3.Allofusneedtofeelneededandadmired.Butunlesswehearwordsofpraisefromsomeoneelse,howcanweknowthatwearevaluedfriendsorco-workers?Translation3.我們所有的人都渴望那種被人需要和仰慕的感覺。但是除非我們聽到別人的贊譽之辭，不然我們如何能夠知道我們是受尊重的朋友或同事？Pre-readingPreparationPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearning4.Anyonewhowantstoimprovehisrelationshipswithothersaunderstanding.Thewaytoexpressthisunderstandingandtothis:Alwayslookforsomethingintheotherpersonyoucanadmireandpraiseandtellhimaboutit.Translation4.任何想改善與他人關系的人僅需表達一種贊同的理解就可以了。表達這種理解并使他人感到自己的重要性和價值的方法歸結如下：經常在別人身上尋找你羨慕和贊賞的東西并告知對方。Pre-readingPreparationneedonlyshowsympatheticgiveothersthefeelingofimportanceandworthiness

boilsdowntoPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearning5.Weeachhaveamentalpictureofourselves,aself-image.Tofindlifesatisfying,thatself-imagemustbeonewecan,onewecanlike.Whenweareproudofourself-image,wefeelandfreetobeourselves.Wefunctionatourbest.Whenweareashamedofourself-image,weattempttohideitratherthanexpressit.Webecomehostileandhardtogetalongwith.Translation5.我們每個人都有自己的一幅心理圖像，即自我形象。為了獲得比較滿意的生活，這一自我形象必須是我們能夠接受并喜歡的。當我們對自我形象感到自豪時，我們會感到自信并會自由地展示自我，我們的表現(xiàn)處于最佳狀態(tài)。而當我們對自我形象感到羞愧時，我們就會設法隱藏它而不是表現(xiàn)它。我們就會變得不友好，難以相處。Pre-readingPreparationreasonablylivewithconfidentPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearning6.Amiraclehappenstothepersonwhoseself-esteemhasbeenraised.Hesuddenlylikesotherpeoplebetter.Heiskinderandmorecooperativewiththosearoundhim.Praiseisthepolishthathelpskeephisself-imagebrightandsparkling.Translation6.一個被喚醒自尊的人身上會出現(xiàn)奇跡。他會突然間更喜歡他人。他會更善良，與周圍的人更容易合作。贊揚是上光劑，有助于保持他的自我形象明亮閃光。Pre-readingPreparationPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearning7.Whatyourgivingpraise?Alot.Youhavetheabilitytoperformthatkindofinanotherperson.Whenyouhis,youmakehimwanttolikeyouandtocooperatewithyou.Translation7.但這與你贊揚別人有何關系呢？關系很大。你有能力讓奇跡在另外一個人身上出現(xiàn)。當你增強他的自尊心時，你會使他喜歡你、想和你合作。Pre-readingPreparationhasthistodowithmiracleaddittoself-esteemPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearning8.In,LordChesterffeldsuggestedtohissonthathetheDukedeNivernois:“Youwillthathemakespeoplepleasedwithhimbymakingthemfirstpleasedwiththemselves.”Translation8.切斯特菲爾德爵士向他的兒子提出這樣一個不同尋常的建議，要他效仿德尼韋奴瓦公爵：“你會發(fā)現(xiàn)他是讓人們先喜歡他們自己進而才喜歡上他的。”Pre-readingPreparationaclassicbitofadvicefollowtheexampleofperceivePartⅠTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearning9.Sincerityisessentialingivingpraise.Itlendspotencytoacompliment.Cominghomeafterahardday’swork,themanwhoseesthefacesofhischildrenpressedagainstthewindow,watchingforhim,canwaterhissoulwiththeirsilentbut.Translation9.誠意是贊揚時必不可少的。它會增強贊揚的效果。男人勞累一天下班回到家里，看見自己孩子的臉貼在窗戶上期待著他時，無聲的贊美會滋潤他的心田。Pre-readingPreparationgoldenopinionPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearning10.Praisehelpsthesharpedgesofdaily.Nowhereisthistruerthaninmarriage.Yetitisperhapsinthehomethatthevalueofpraiseislessthanelsewhere.Thespousewhoistosaythehearteningthingattherightmomenthaslearnedoneofthemostimportantrequirementsforahappyfamilylife.Translation10.贊揚有助于消除日常交往中的磕磕絆絆。這一點在婚姻方面最為典型。然而也許正是在家庭中，贊揚的價值更不為人們重視。如果丈夫或妻子能注意在適當?shù)臅r候說一句令人振奮的話，說明他（她）已經認識到幸福家庭生活最為重要的條件之一。Pre-readingPreparationruboffcontactappreciatedalertPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearning11.Children,especially,arehungryforpraise,reassuranceandappreciation.Ayoungmothertoldherpastorofaheart-rendingincident:“Mylittleboyoftenmisbehaves,andIhavetoscoldhim.Butonedayhehadbeenespeciallygood.Thatnight,afterItuckedhiminbedandstarteddownstairs,Iheardhimcrying.Ifoundhisheadburiedinthepillow.Betweensobsheasked,‘Mommy,haven’tIbeenaprettygoodboytoday?’”Translation11.孩子們尤其渴望被贊揚、安慰和欣賞。一位年輕母親向她的牧師談起一件令人心碎的事情：“我的小兒子經常表現(xiàn)不好，我沒辦法只好責罵他。”但有一天他特別聽話。那天晚上，我為他蓋好被子下樓后聽到他的哭聲。我發(fā)現(xiàn)他把頭埋在枕頭里。抽泣聲中他問道：“媽媽，難道我今天還不是一個好孩子嗎？”。Pre-readingPreparationPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearning12.“Thatquestionwentthroughmelikeaknife,”themothersaid.“Ihadbeenquicktocorrecthimwhenhe,butwhenhehad,Ihadn’tnoticed.Ihadputhimtobedwithoutawordofpraise.”Translation12.“那個問題像一把刀穿透了我的心，”那位母親說道。“他做錯事時我馬上會去糾正他，但他表現(xiàn)很好時我卻沒有注意到。我安頓孩子睡覺時沒有對他說一句表揚的話。”Good!Pre-readingPreparationdidwrongbehavedPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearning13.toinyourchild,andyouwilldiscoverthatbothhisabilityandattitudewillimprove.Encouragementthroughpraiseisthemosteffectivemethodofgettingpeopletodotheirbest.Translation13.別怕麻煩，從你孩子身上找出些可稱贊的地方，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)他的能力和態(tài)度都會向好的方面發(fā)展。通過贊揚進行鼓勵是讓人們竭盡全力的最有效的方法。Pre-readingPreparationTakethetroubletofindsomethingcommendPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearning14.

Asartistsfindjoyingivingbeautytoothers,soanyonewhomasterstheartofpraisingwillfindthatitblessesthegiverasmuchasthereceiver.the,“Flowersleavepartoftheirfragranceinthehandthatbestowsthem.”Translation14.正如藝術家們在向別人展示美的過程中會得到樂趣一樣，任何掌握贊揚這門藝術的人都會發(fā)現(xiàn)它會給贊揚者和接受者帶來同樣多的祝福。俗話說得好：“贈人玫瑰，手有余香。”Pre-readingPreparationThereistruthinsayingPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearning1.“MaybewhenI’mahundred,I’llgetusedtohavingeverythingIdotakenforgranted,”ayounghomemakerconfidedtoherneighbor.“IfBillwouldcomplimentmeonceinawhile,he’dmakemylifemuchhappier.”此處兩句話都使用了強調的手法：第一句通過夸張（whenI’mahundred）強調“我永遠也不會習慣于別人對我做的每件事所采取的理所當然的態(tài)度”；第二句通過虛擬語氣句式強調“比爾從不稱贊我，所以我的生活就不那么幸福”。Pre-readingPreparationBackPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearning2.take…forgranted:認為……理所當然a.Heneverpraiseshiswife:hejusttakeswhatshedoesforgranted.他從不贊揚妻子，認為她做的一切理應如此。注意比較b.Theyounggirltookitforgrantedthatthemanwouldloveherforever.這個年輕女子想當然地認為那男人會愛她一輩子。takesomebody/somethingforgrantedtakeitforgranted(that)…認為……理所當然（未意識到其重要性，也無感激的表示)“沒有進行確認就相信”,“想當然地認為”Pre-readingPreparationBackPartⅠPre-readingPreparationTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearning3.confide:vt.吐露，透露句型為confide…to…,confidethat…，例如：a.Sheconfidedhersecrettoherbestfriend.

她將秘密透露給她最要好的朋友。b.Thecompany’splanswereconfidedonlytothepresidentandthedirectors.

公司的計劃只讓總裁和董事們知道。c.Heconfidedtohisfriendsthathedidn’thavemuchhopeforhismarriage.

他向朋友們吐露他對自己的婚姻不抱多大的希望。BackPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearning4.compliment:v.&n.贊美，恭維常用句型：complimentsomebodyonsomething;payacompliment(to)somebodyonsomething/paysomebodyacomplimentonsomething因為……而稱贊，夸獎，恭維……a.Herguestscomplimentedheronhercooking.

客人們夸獎她的烹飪技術。b.WepaidNancyacomplimentonhernewdress.

我們稱贊南希的新衣服。Pre-readingPreparationBackPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearning5.onceinawhile:有時，偶爾

同義詞組還有：nowandthen,fromtimetotime,attimesPre-readingPreparationBackPartⅠTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesDetailedLearning6.Yetwemustbaskinthewarmthofapprovalnowandthenorloseourself-confidence.(Para.2)

本句可改寫為(paraphrase):Butwemustbecomplimentedorpraisedfromtimetotimebyothers;otherwise,wewillloseourself-confidence.Pre-readingPreparationBackNewWordsandPhrasesPartⅠDetailedLearning7.baskin:領略，享受，沐浴在……中Iliketobaskinthesunshine,whilelyingonthebeach.我喜歡躺在海灘上享受日光浴。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesPartⅠ8.approval:n.贊揚，贊許Wealllikeotherstoshowapprovalofwhatwedo.我們都喜歡別人對我們的行為表示贊許。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ9.needonlydosomething:只需……即可

a.Weneedonlylookatthebuildingtoseehowmuchmoneyitwilltaketorepair.

我們只要看一眼建筑物就會知道維修需要多少錢。

b.YouneedonlyshowyourstudentcardtoentertheReadingRoomtoreadnewspapers.

只要出示你的學生證就可以進閱覽室讀報。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ10.sympathetic:adj.贊同的，理解的，同情的a.Mostpeopleatthemeetingweresympathetictomysuggestion.

會上多數(shù)人都贊同我的建議。b.Everyonefeltsympathetictowardstheunfortunatefamily.

每個人都同情這個不幸的家庭。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ11.giveothersthefeelingofimportanceandworthiness:使他人感到自己的重要性和價值12.boildownto:可歸納為，歸結起來是a.Gettingagoodgradeinyourexamboilsdowntoyourstudyinghard.

考試成績好可歸結于你學習努力。b.Thewholematterboilsdowntoapowerstrugglebetweenthetradeunionandthedirectors.

整個事情可歸結為工會和董事們之間的一場權力之爭。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ13.reasonably:adv.相當，頗；合乎情理地，通情達理地a.Givenajobtodo,youandIcouldlivethereandbereasonablyhappy.

假如有份工作，你我可以住在那兒而且會過得相當幸福。b.Hebehavedveryreasonablyatthemeeting.

在會上他表現(xiàn)得非常通情達理。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ14.livewith:

忍受，容忍，接受a.Idon’tlikethewinter,butIhavetolivewithit.

我不喜歡冬天，但我還得忍受。b.Incollege,studentsmustlearntolivewithdifferentkindsofstress.

在大學里，學生們必須學會承受各種壓力。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ15.confident:adj.自信的，確信的a.Thespokesmanbegantoanswerthereporters’questionsinacalmandcon?dentvoice.

發(fā)言人開始回答記者的問題，語氣平靜而自信。b.Wefeelconfidentof/aboutthefutureofChina’seducationsystem.

我們對中國教育體制的未來充滿信心。c.Sheisconfidentthatshewillwintherace.

她確信自己會在這次賽跑中獲勝。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ16.Praiseisthepolishthathelpskeephisself-imagebrightandsparkling.句中將praise“贊揚”比喻為polish“上光劑，上光蠟”。polish作動詞時意為“磨光，擦光；使優(yōu)美，潤飾”。a.YouneedtopolishyourEnglishbeforeyougotoEngland.

你去英國前得把英語補一補。b.Hetookoutacopyofhisspeechandpolishedupafewlines.

他把演講稿取出來潤色了幾處。c.Hepolishedhisshoeswithanewbrush.

他用新刷子把鞋子擦亮。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ17.have/hastodowith…:

與……有關a.WhatdoesthathavetodowithwhatIhavebeensaying?

那和我說的話有何關系？b.Idon’tknowwhatithastodowithyou.

我不知道它和你有什么關系。常見搭配：havesomething/nothing/littletodowith…與……有些/沒有/幾乎沒有關系a.Hehadlittletodowiththeaccident.

他與該事故無甚牽連。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ18.miracle:n.奇跡，令人驚奇的事a.Theteachertoldthelazycarelessstudentthatit’dbeamiracleifhepassedtheexamination.

老師對那個又懶又粗心的學生說，如果他能通過考試將是一個奇跡。b.Doctorsdotheirbesttosavethepatients,buttheycan’tperformmiracles.

醫(yī)生盡其所能治病，但他們不可能創(chuàng)造奇跡。常用搭配：work/performamiracle/miracles創(chuàng)造奇跡；miracledrug特效藥，靈丹妙藥Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ19.addto:增添a.Thegoodnewsaddedtoherexcitement.

那個好消息令她更加興奮不已。b.Theballoonsaddedtothefestivalatmosphereofthecity.

氣球給城市增添了節(jié)日的氣氛。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ20.self-esteem:n.自尊常用搭配：raise/lift/build(up)somebody’sself-esteem提高/增強自尊心；low/poorselfesteem自尊心不夠Myself-esteemwasliftedbyherwarmsmile.她溫暖的笑容增強了我的自尊心。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ21.aclassicbitofadvice:一條經典的/有名的/典型的建議Gettingenoughsleepatnightisagoodpieceofadvicetofollow.晚上要有充足的睡眠是一條應遵循的好建議。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠText22.followtheexampleof/followsb’sexample…:學習……的榜樣，照……的樣子a.Hefollowedhisbrother’sexampleandnowrunsasmallhotel.

他學他哥哥的樣子，現(xiàn)在開了一家小旅館。b.Hispolitenessisagoodexampleforotherstofollow.

他彬彬有禮，值得他人學習。相關搭配：give/provideanexample舉例；set/giveanexampleto/for…為……樹立榜樣；take(…)forexample以……為例Pre-readingPreparationBackReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠText23.perceive:vt.認識到，意識到，理解；察覺，感知a.Finallyheperceivedhismistake.

最后他認識到自己的錯誤。b.Iperceivedachangeinhisattitudetolife.

我察覺到他的生活態(tài)度發(fā)生了變化。c.Openawindow,anddifferentpeoplemayperceivetheoutsideworlddifferently.

打開一扇窗子，不同的人會對外部世界有不同的感知。Pre-readingPreparationBackReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ24.Cominghomeafterahardday’swork,themanwhoseesthefacesofhischildrenpressedagainstthewindow,watchingforhim,canwaterhissoulwiththeirsilentbutgoldenopinion.(Para.9)watchingforhim作faces

的補足語。此處表示“守候他或期待他”之意。

Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ25.goldenopinion:

孩子們對父親無聲的崇敬、贊譽之情golden修飾的常見詞組：goldenopportunitygoldenrulegoldenmeangoldenweddingPre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearning絕好的機會；金科玉律（重要規(guī)則）中庸之道；金婚（結婚50周年）PartⅠ26.ruboff:擦掉a.Ruboffthechalkmarksontheblackboard.

把黑板上的粉筆字擦掉。b.Youshouldrubthegraffiti(涂鴉)offthewallatonce.

你應該立即將墻上的涂鴉擦掉。這里ruboff表示“磨去，磨掉”的意思。sharpedges意指hardships困難，壓力Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ27.contact:n.聯(lián)系，接觸，交往；vt.與……聯(lián)系，與……接觸a.Thereislittlecontactbetweenneighborsinthiscommunity.

這個社區(qū)里鄰里間幾乎沒有接觸。b.Pleasefeelfreetocontactmeifyouhaveanydifficulties.

如果有困難請盡管與我聯(lián)系。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ28.appreciate:vt.重視，賞識；理解，意識到；感激，感謝a.Hequitthejobbecausehisabilitieswerenotfullyappreciatedbytheemployer.

他辭職不干了，因為他的能力沒有得到老板的充分賞識。b.IappreciateyourdifficultiesbutIcannothelp.

我理解你的難處但我?guī)筒簧厦Α.Wereallyappreciateyourinvitingustodinner.

非常感謝邀請我們赴宴Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ29.alert:adj.警覺的，注意的，留神的a.Touristsneedtobealerttothedangersoftravelinginthenorthofthecountry.

游客們在這個國家北部旅游時需要謹防危險。b.Agoodhuntingdogisalerttoeverysoundandmovementinthefield.

好的獵犬對野外的任何響動都非常警覺。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ30.dowrong:做壞事，犯過錯。常用于dosomebodywrong/dowrongtosomebody冤枉……，使……受冤枉。a.Parentsallhopethattheirchildrenwillneverdowrong.

父母們都希望自己的孩子永遠不要做錯事。b.Youdowrongtodoctorswhenyousaythattheydon’ttrytheirbest.

你說醫(yī)生們沒有盡全力是冤枉他們了。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ31.behave:v.行為得體，舉止正確a.Heis30now,andit’stimeforhimtostartbehaving.

他現(xiàn)在30歲了，是該舉止像個樣子的時候了。b.Childrenaretaughtathomeandatschooltobehave.

孩子們在家里和在學校都被教育要聽話。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ32.takethetroubletodosomething:費神做……，不辭勞苦地去做……a.Pleasetakethetroubletoreadthecontractcarefully.

請費心將合同認真讀一下。b.Youneedn’thavetakenthetroubletohelpus.

你本不必費事來幫我們。聯(lián)想：havetrouble有困難，有麻煩；maketrouble制造麻煩；run/getintotrouble陷入困境，有麻煩Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ33.commend:vt.表揚，稱贊；推薦a.WeespeciallywanttocommendtheeffortsofMr.Jefferson.

我們尤其想贊揚杰斐遜先生所做出的努力。b.ShecommendedthisEnglishnoveltomeasanextensivereadingbook.

她推薦這本英語小說給我作為泛讀書籍。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ34.Asartistsfindjoyingivingbeautytoothers,anyonewhomasterstheartofpraisingwillfindthatitblessesthegiverasmuchasthereceiver.句中as表示同等程度的對比關系，多用于書面語，有時可在as前加just以加強語氣。a.Justashelikesmusic,Ilikesports.

就像他愛好音樂一樣，我愛好體育。b.AstheFrenchlovetheirwine,theEnglishlovetheirbeer.

正如法國人喜歡葡萄酒那樣，英國人喜歡啤酒。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠ35.Thereistruthin…:……是對的（是有道理的）a.

Thereistruthinwhattheteachersays,“Youmustactnowbeforeitistoolate.”

老師的話是有道理的：“趁還來得及，你必須立刻行動起來。”b.Thereissometruthintheproverb,“Laughteristhebestmedicine.”

這個諺語有些道理：“笑是最好的良藥。”Pre-readingPreparationBackTextReadingComprehensionCulturalNotesNewWordsandPhrasesDetailedLearningPartⅠReadingComprehensionNewWordsandPhrases36.saying:諺語，古語

Asanoldsayinggoes,youcan’tjudgeabookbyitscover.古語云：人不可貌相，海水不可斗量。Pre-readingPreparationBackTextCulturalNotesDetailedLearningPartⅠTextReadingAnalysisInformationRecallandSummaryInformationOrganizationChoosethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestionsorstatementsaccordingtothetext.1.WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromParagraph1?A.Oldpeoplecanunderstandtheirspousebetter.B.Billdoesnotpraisehiswifeveryoften.C.TheyounghomemakerisnothappyaboutthewaysheistreatedbyBill.D.TheyounghomemakerwantsherneighbortopersuadeBilltocomplimenther.Pre-readingPreparationReadingComprehensionTeamWorkPartⅠTextReadingAnalysis2.Accordingtothepassage,weareunfriendlyandnotcooperativewhen

.A.wedon’thaveamentalpictureofourselvesB.ourlifeisnotsatisfyingC.wedon’thavemuchself-respectD.wedon’tliketobepraised3.BytheexampleinParagraph9,theauthorwantstotellthereadersthat

.A.whenyoupraise,youmustbesincereB.fathersneedtopraisetheirchildrenC.childrenneedtopraisetheirfathersD.thetiredmanfeelsveryhappybecausehischildrenlovehimsomuchPre-readingPreparationReadingComprehensionInformationRecallandSummaryInformationOrganizationTeamWorkPartⅠReadingAnalysis4.InParagraph10,“tosaythehearteningthing”probablymeans“

”.A.tohaveaquarrelB.totellsomeheartbrokennewsC.tomakeacomplimentD.totalkaboutthevalueofpraise5.WhichstatementisNOTtrueoftheeffectsofgivingpraise?A.Praisecanhelpimproverelationshipsbetweenpeople.B.Praisecanensureahappyfamilylife.C.Praisecanencouragechildrentobehavewell.D.Praisecanworkmiraclesinpeoplewithpoorself-image.Pre-readingPreparationTextReadingComprehensionInformationRecallandSummaryInformationOrganizationTeamWorkPartⅠInformationRecallandSummary1Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetextyouhaveread.Whatwasthematterwiththeyounghomemaker?(2)What’stheproblemfacingustodayaccordingtotheauthor?Theproblemisthatfewofusrealizeitisveryimportantthatweshouldbeencouragedorpraisedbyothers.Shewasnothappyenoughbecauseherhusbandtookeverythingshedidforgrantedandnevercomplimentedher.Pre-readingPreparationTextReadingComprehensionReadingAnalysisInformationOrganizationTeamWorkPartⅠInformationRecallandSummary1Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetextyouhaveread.(3)Howcanweimproveourrelationshipwithothers?(4)What’stherelationshipbetweenself-image,self-esteemandpraise?Praisehelpskeepourself-imagebrightandsparkling,andthiswilladdtoourself-esteem.Wecanimproveourrelationswithothersbyshowingasympatheticunderstanding,whichis,alwayslookingforsomethinginothersthatwecanadmireandpraiseandtellthemaboutit.Pre-readingPreparationTextReadingComprehensionReadingAnalysisInformationOrganizationTeamWorkPartⅠInformationRecallandSummary1Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetextyouhaveread.(5)Whatmustbekeptinmindwhenwepraiseothers?(6)Whatisoneofthemostimportantrequirementsforahappyfamilylife?Oneofthemostimportantrequirementsforahappyfamilylifeisthatthespouseshouldgivepraisewhennecessary.Whenwepraiseothers,wemustbesincere.Pre-readingPreparationTextReadingComprehensionReadingAnalysisInformationOrganizationTeamWorkPartⅠInformationRecallandSummary1Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetextyouhaveread.(7)Whatdoestheauthorwanttosaybytellingthestoryofayoungmother?(8)Whatismeantbythesaying“Flowersleavepartoftheirfragranceinthehandthatbestowsthem”?Itmeansgivingpraisenotonlybene?tsthereceiver,butalsothegiver.Hewantstosaythatchildrenarehungryforpraise.Pre-readingPreparationTextReadingComprehensionReadingAnalysisInformationOrganizationTeamWorkPartⅠInformationRecallandSummary2Writeasummaryofthetext.Compareyoursummarywiththatofyourpartner.Thepassagestartswithadialoguebetweenayoungwomanandherneighbor,whichsuggeststhatfewpeopleinoursocietyareawareoftheimportanceofencouragement.Afterthattheauthorputsforwardhisargumentthateveryoneneedsencouragementandthateveryonemustlearntopraiseothers.ThenheexplainswhypraisecanworkmiraclestoimproveAdministratorinterpersonalrelationships.Positiveandnegativeexamplesfromdailylifearealsoprovidedtofurtherillustratetheeffectsofencouragementthroughgivingpraise.Thepassageconcludeswithavividcomparisonandanoldsaying,stressingthatpraisebenefitsthe giver aswellasthereceiver.Pre-readingPreparationTextReadingComprehensionReadingAnalysisInforma