大學(xué)英語四級長篇四配閱讀20篇

大學(xué)英語四級長篇匹配閱讀20篇

大學(xué)英語四級考試閱讀部分試題的第二部分是長篇匹配閱讀，要求考生閱讀一篇

1000詞左右的文章并完成10道題目。長篇匹配閱讀考查考生運(yùn)用專門的閱讀技

能來閱讀文章的能力，包括用略讀獲取文章大意和用查讀獲取特定信息。

大學(xué)英語四級長篇四配閱讀20篇

3.1大學(xué)英語四級長篇匹配閱讀答題攻略

一、題型介紹

1.文章包括兩類：帶小標(biāo)題的文章和無小標(biāo)題的文章

帶小標(biāo)題的文章的每一部分都有一個總括性的小標(biāo)題，通常這個小標(biāo)題就是該部

分內(nèi)容的概括性總結(jié)，且每一小標(biāo)題下的內(nèi)容通常是相對獨(dú)立的。

無小標(biāo)題的文章沒有明顯的內(nèi)容間隔，對于這類文章，需通過略讀找出主題句或

主題詞，特別要注意每段的句首和句尾。

2.題目類型：句子表述對應(yīng)文中段落

2006年6月?2007年6月，這部分是快速閱讀部分，閱讀后的題目為：前面7

題為是非判斷題，2007年12月?2013年6月的快速閱讀部分的前面7題為選

擇題；后面3題題型不變，為填空題，要求考生根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容把句子補(bǔ)充完整。

而在2013年12月的四級考試，快速閱讀變?yōu)殚L篇匹配閱讀，篇章后附有10個

句子，每句一題。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出與每句所

含信息相匹配的段落。有的段落可能對應(yīng)兩題，有的段落可能不對應(yīng)任何一題。

二、命題規(guī)律

1.長篇匹配閱讀題目設(shè)置時，將幾句話整合或者將段落的大意、段落中的具體

信息作為考察點(diǎn)。題目的順序不再按文章順序，而是打亂了，需要考生找到題目

與文章項(xiàng)匹配的段落。

2.包含時間數(shù)字、大寫字母、人名、地名、機(jī)構(gòu)名稱等特別的信息點(diǎn)處往往是

命題的重點(diǎn)。

3.標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號處常設(shè)考點(diǎn)。文章中的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號往往是為了更好地解釋前面的內(nèi)容,

所以可以利用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號，如破折號、小括號、冒號等，推斷不認(rèn)識的單詞或句子

的含義。

三、定位技巧

長篇閱讀篇幅長、時間短，因此如何快速確定答案所在的位置極其關(guān)鍵。選取定

位詞時有兩個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：特殊性和細(xì)節(jié)性。文章中多次出現(xiàn)的詞匯不是定位詞，只有

那些出現(xiàn)次數(shù)少、具有明顯識別性的詞才是定位詞。長篇匹配閱讀的定位技巧與

以前的快速閱讀時定位類似。

題干中比較容易定位的關(guān)鍵詞包括:

大學(xué)英語四級長篇四配閱讀20篇

1.數(shù)字、地點(diǎn)、大寫、斜體、人名的單詞

數(shù)字包括時間、分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)、貨幣數(shù)和普通數(shù)值等，這類詞容易在原文中找到,

可輕松定位。

例：Sincethemid-1970s,theenrollmentofoverseasstudentshasincreasedatan

annualrateof3.9percent.（2013年12月樣題）

地點(diǎn)一般都具有唯一性，其首字母是大寫，考試時應(yīng)注意原文中的不同地點(diǎn)會對

應(yīng)不同的信息。

例：ThenumberofforeignstudentsapplyingtoU.S.universitiesdecreased

sharplyafterSeptember11duetochangesinthevisaprocess.（2013年12月樣

題）

大寫單詞一般是組織機(jī)構(gòu)等的縮寫或是對某事物的特定稱謂，在考查該地區(qū)、該

事件等相關(guān)問題時作用時可幫助定位。

例：WhatkindoforganizationisMindsetsLLC?（2009年6月）

斜體一般是在考查與斜體相關(guān)的信息時出現(xiàn)，可在原文中快速找到。

人名通常是和某個機(jī)構(gòu)名稱或其職務(wù)連用，如ScottFriedhoff,Allegheny'svice

president,在考查某人的觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度或研究發(fā)現(xiàn)時常利用人名進(jìn)行定位。

例：WhatdoHongKongdinerswelcome,accordingtoWelshexecutivechefDavid

Tamlyn?（2011年6月）

2.拼寫較長、以連字符連接的詞

這類詞在原文中的出現(xiàn)次數(shù)很少，因此可根據(jù)題干中的長難詞有效確定答案的位

置。

例：Present-dayuniversitieshavebecomeapowerfulforceforglobalintegration.

（2013年12月樣題）

globalintegration表示"全球一體化”是常見的搭配，在文中很容易就能找到。

3.文章小標(biāo)題

長篇匹配閱讀有時在文章中會出現(xiàn)多個小標(biāo)題，而每個小標(biāo)題后都對應(yīng)特定主題

的內(nèi)容，做題時可根據(jù)題干信息找到相應(yīng)小標(biāo)題，縮小做題范圍。

四、解題技巧

大學(xué)英語四級長篇四配閱讀20篇

利用定位技巧找到題干在原文中的大體位置后，如何確定題目答案同樣有跡可循。

1.注意邏輯關(guān)系詞

在將題目與原文進(jìn)行對應(yīng)時，要學(xué)會挑揀有信息的地方精讀，其中原文中表示邏

輯關(guān)系的詞要注意：

a.因果關(guān)系：asaresult,therefore,hence,consequently,because,for,dueto等。

b.并歹U、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：and,or,then,inaddition,besides,inotherwords,moreover

等。

c.轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：however,but,yet,infact等。

d.表示比較：onthecontrary;bycontrast;comparedwith,...than...等。

運(yùn)用這些詞可幫助確定題目的考查點(diǎn)，例如出現(xiàn)表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的詞時，轉(zhuǎn)折的作

用一般是對前面的否定，對后面的肯定。

2.運(yùn)用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號

要學(xué)會運(yùn)用小括號、破折號、冒號等。通常這些標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號是為了進(jìn)一步解釋前面

的信息，而快速閱讀的詞匯相對來說比較簡單，可以很容易理解標(biāo)點(diǎn)前的被解釋

信息，因此在做題時可將這些符號之后的信息略去不讀，從而節(jié)省做題時間。

3.同義替換

四級長篇匹配閱讀部分，有時題目并不一定是原本的內(nèi)容，而是使用了同義轉(zhuǎn)換，

因此做題時注意原文中換一種說法以后設(shè)置的題目。有的題考查文章主旨、段落

大意，通常可在文章的首末句子、首末段落處查找。

五、解題步驟

在做長篇匹配閱讀時，除了要有較快的閱讀速度，還必須掌握一定的做題方法，

考生可參照以下步驟進(jìn)行答題：

1.先看題目定方向

長篇匹配閱讀篇幅長、時間短，因此在做題時必須帶著目的在原文中有選擇有方

向地閱讀。考生應(yīng)先看題目再看文章，首先利用題目中的時間、數(shù)字、大寫、人

名等關(guān)鍵詞快速定位答案在原文中的位置，接著再讀文章。

2.定位判斷很輕松

大學(xué)英語四級長篇四配閱讀20篇

相對于深度閱讀而言，長篇匹配閱讀中"找"甚于"懂"，因?yàn)樗幌裆疃乳喿x的選

項(xiàng)那樣具有極強(qiáng)的干擾性，因此只要題干中的某些關(guān)鍵詞出現(xiàn)在文中鎖定的位置,

就可以確定正確答案了。

大學(xué)英語四級長篇展配閱讀20篇

3.2大學(xué)英語四級長篇匹配閱讀高分特訓(xùn)20篇

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatements

attachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneofthe

paragraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.You

maychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.

Pleasereadthefollowingpassagesandanswerthequestions.

基礎(chǔ)篇

Passage1題材：社會生活字?jǐn)?shù)：1170建議用時：14分鐘

DigitalBookIsaTrueRevolutionforBlindPeople

A)NolongerdoprintedbookstorturemewithallthethingsI'mmissing,writes

PeterWhite,whoisblind.Thebookisafamiliartheme.Indeed,itcameupyet

againinthisnewspaper'sletterspagesearlierthisweek.Thepointofthislatest

evilspeakingagainsttheriseoftheeBookwasthatphysicalbooksleaveatrace,

canbepassedon,enhancearoom,reigniteamemory.Andyetformostofmylife,

greedyandindiscriminatebookreaderthoughIam,theprintedbookhasbeen

nothingbutatease(取笑)：awill-o'-the-wispholdingoutwhatmightbepossible,

onlytograbitawayassoonasIreachforit.

B)Iwasbornblind,andreadingformehasalwaysmeantbraille(盲文］?I'vehad

muchfunandsatisfactionfrombooks,buttheyaretheonecasewhereI'venot

beenabletosticktomyruleofnotsorrowingforwhatIcouldn'thave.Withonly

atinyproportionofbookspublishedavailableinbraille—welllessthan1%—the

world'sliteraturewasnotsomuchoffereduptoyouashunginfrontofyou.

C)Itwasasubtleformoftorture:justenoughtosuckyouin,nochancetodothat

reader'sthing,starttofinish,inanorgy(狂歡)ofexcess.Andthisiswheremy

love-haterelationshipwiththeprintedbook,andthebookshop,starts.I

remembergoingintothemwithmymum,runningmyfingersalongtheshelves,

lettingtheedgesofpagesslipthroughmyfingers.Wasthis,perhaps,FiveGo

Bungee-Jumping,orWilliamandtheOutlawsLearntoRap?It'sbeennobetter

sinceI'vebeenanadult,althoughinsteadofBlyton,CromptonandFrank

Richards,TveobsessedaboutthelatestSebastianFaulks,tackybonkbusteror

politicalbiography.Ihaveallthesensoryaspirationsofthebook-lover—the

大學(xué)英語四級長篇匹配閱讀20篇

smellofthepaper;thesatisfyingcrackofopeninganewbook;thepleasingly

roundedfeelofthespine（脊背）—withnoneofthesatisfactionofreadingthem.

D）IsupposeatthispointIhadbetteranticipatestoppingthefloodof

suggestionsfrompuzzledwell-wishers,wonderingthatIhavenotheardofthe

talkingbook.Ihave,ofcourse,andverygoodsomeofthemare—butit'snot

reading,isit?Yetthere/sgoodnews.Thiscolumnisnottobeasustained

complaint.Thereisahappyending.Ihavejustspentmuchofmyholiday

browsinginbookshops—andnotasaformofself-flagellation（自罰）butlooking

forbooksIamactuallygoingtobeabletoread.Themuch-maligned（被毀謗）

technologicalrevolutionhascomeupwiththeanswerIthoughtIwouldnever

livetosee:braillebooks,virtuallyondemand.Itsnowpossible,withtheright

combinationofhardwareandsoftware,tobuyabookat9am,scanitpageby

page,andthenuseascreen-readertorenderiteitherintosyntheticspeech,or

intobraille,andbereadingitbylunchtime.

E]Ifthiswereall,itwouldbeagreatadvance;butyoudon'thavetobetiedto

thecomputertoreadyourbook.Youcandownloaditontoaflashcard,which

youcaninsertintoaportablebraillereader.Result:hundredsofbooksoneach

tinycard,atthetouchofabutton.Again,Iknowthisisnotnew.Itsbeenaround

foratleast15years.ButIamanaturalLuddite,andhavehadtogothroughthe

fourstagesoffindingoutaboutit,learningtobelievethatithadanythingtodo

withme,figuringoutphysicallyhowtodoit,andfinallyallowingitto

revolutionizemylife.

F）Therearedrawbacks,someofwhichI'llcometo,butjustletmegloryfora

littlelongerinthefreedomtobrowseatall.Iamnowafamiliarfigureinthe

bookshopsofWinchester,especiallythesecondhandones,ofwhichwe'relucky

enoughtohavequiteafew.Ithastobemainlysecondhandones,becauselikea

kidinasweetshop,particularlyakidwhowasn'tallowedsweetsforalongtime,

Iamindangerofgorging（狼吞虎咽]myselfandmakingmyselfsick.Secondhand

istheonlywayofkeepingmyspendingundersomesortofcontrol.

G）IsuspectI'mnotauniversallypopularbrowser.Ineedacompaniontofind

therightsection,toreadtitlesandreviewsandmaybeeventhebeginningofthe

book—allthethingstypicalbrowsersdo,butnotaloud.Idon'tfindsecondhand

bookshopstedious—there'sgood-fellowshipamongbookhunters—butevenso,

Isometimesfeelthegrowingdisapprovalofthequietcarriageonthetrain:

“Wellstandonephonecall,butnotthree.”

H）I'mquitehappywithmycompanion-in-chief,abook-lovingsonwhooverthe

yearshaspatientlyreadandabstractedbooksforme,andisnowtryingtodecide

whethertheroleofbrowserandscanner-in-chiefismoreorlessstruggling.Over

thepastcoupleofweeks,inthedelightfuldisorderedchaosthatissecondhand

大學(xué)英語四級長篇匹配閱讀20篇

bookshops,I'vemanagedtopickupeverythingfromaculturalsurveyofthe

Weimarrepublictoanessayongoalkeeping,viabiographiesasdisconnectedas

MarieAntoinetteandKimPhilby;tryoutauthorswhosenameshavecaughtmy

fancyinreviews,suchasAlisonLurie;andmakerandomdecisionsaboutwhatI

read,ratherthanhavethosedecisionsmadeformebytheequallyrandomfancy

ofthecommitteethatdecideswhatisputintobraille.Suddenly,Icanpursue

impulses,suchasmysearchforCynthiaAsquith'sghoststories,oradecent

accountoftheSouthAfricansinEnglandin1955.

I)It'snotperfectyet.Scanningbookspagebypageistedious;variationsoftype

andprintsizecanoftenproduceequallyvariableresults,whichrequireskillful

editingtomakereadable;andeverytimesomeoneupgradessoftwareorchanges

anoperatingsystem,youfindyourselfbackatsquareone.Withbooksbeing

producedelectronicallyasamatterofcourse,publishers,authorsandagents

couldbemuchmorehelpful.Surelyawayofmakingdigitalversionsofbooks

availabletoblindpeoplepreparedtopayforthem,orborrowthemunderclearly

definedconditions,couldbedevisedwithoutbringingdownthepublishing

industryinanexplosionofpiracy?Whilewewaitforthepublishersandthe

blindorganizationstogettheirfingersout,weblindreaderstakemattersinto

ourownhands,passingourscannedbooksquietlyamongourselveslikekids

withdrugsonstreetcorners.Buthey!Forafewofusluckyenoughtohavethe

equipment,themoneyandthehelp,thingsaresomuchbettertoday.Nowit'sme

whoisabletotakeasmanybooksonholidayasIlike,allpackedonthoselittle

cards,whilemywifehastolimitherselftothreeorfourpaperbacks.Thedaysof

WarandPeacein21braillevolumes,slippingthepostman'sdiscashestaggers

upthepath,arenearlyover.

1.Now,insteadofsubmittingtothedecisionsmadebytheequallyrandomwhim

ofthecommitteethatdecideswhatisputintobraille,theauthorcanmake

randomdecisionsaboutwhathereads.

2.Lesslessthan1%ofbookspublishedareavailableinbraille,thustheriseof

ebookswillcausetheauthor'ssorrowforthebooks.

3.Thereasonwhytheauthormainlychoosesthesecondhandbookshopsis

thatinthatwayhecankeephisspendingundercontrol.

4.ThereasonforrecentevilspeakingagainsttheeBookwasthatphysicalbooks

couldbepassedonandleaveatracewhileebookcouldnot.

5.Theintentionoftheauthor'sspendingmuchofhisholidaybrowsingin

bookshopswastolookforbooksthatheisabletoread.

大學(xué)英語四級長篇展配閱讀20篇

6.Nowit'stheauthor/swifewhohastolimitherselftothreeorfourpaperbacks,

whiletheauthorcantakeasmanybooksonholidayashelike,allpackedon

thoselittlecards.

7.Comparedwiththenormalbook-lover,theauthorcan'tenjoythecontentof

readingthebooks.

8.Thebraillereaderisnotperfectyetforvariationsoftypeandprintsizecan

oftenproduceequallyvariableresults,whichrequiresskilfuleditingtomake

readable.

9.Theauthorchosetousetheportablebraillereaderafter15yearssinceits

inventionbecauseheneededsometimetogettoknowit,learnit,andthenuseit.

10.Thoughhethinksthesecondhandbookshopsboring,theauthorsometimes

feelsthegrowingdisapprovalbecauseofmuchringofphones.

「文章大意」

本文講述了一位盲人使用電子書的感受，從之前只有很少的書籍有盲文版本，到

現(xiàn)在通過使用閱讀器可以將所有的書都轉(zhuǎn)換成盲文，極大地方便了盲人中那些渴

望讀書的人。

參考答案及解析

1.H定位由equallyrandomwhimofthecommittee可定位到H段倒數(shù)第二句。

解析該句提到作者現(xiàn)在可以對自己要讀什么書做任意的決定，而不是“聽從那些

決定將哪些書制成盲文的委員會的任意的決定”。

2.B定位由sorrowfor可定位到B段第三句。

解析該句指出“只有一件事作者不能堅(jiān)持自己的原則，即不為自己不能擁有的而

傷心”，后面接著提到“是因?yàn)橹挥泻苌僖徊糠值臅忻の陌姹尽ā?/p>

3.F定位由secondhand可定位到F段后半部分。

解析作者用小孩吃糖果的例子來說明為什么必須是二手書店，最后一句指出“二

手書店在某種程度上是控制花銷的唯一的一種方式”。

4.A定位根據(jù)evilspeakingagainsttheeBook可定位到A段第四句。

解析該句指出“最新抨擊電子書的焦點(diǎn)是電子書不像紙質(zhì)書可以留下痕跡，可以

傳遞，可以擴(kuò)充房屋，可以點(diǎn)燃回憶等”。

大學(xué)英語四級長篇匹配閱讀20篇

5.D定位由holiday,browsinginbookshops可定位到D段中間。

解析該句指出“假期的大部分時間我都在書店里瀏覽，不是為了自罰，而是尋找

我真正可以讀的書”。

6.1定位由tolimitherselftothreeorfourpaperbacks可定位到I段倒數(shù)第二句。

解析這句話提到“現(xiàn)在是我可以在假期的時候隨便帶多少書，把它們都裝在這些

小卡片里，而我的妻子卻只能帶三四本紙質(zhì)書”。

7.C定位由book-lover可定位到C段最后一句。

解析作者和那些愛書人"有同樣的感官渴望一紙張的味道，新書翻開的響聲帶來

的滿足，撫摸圓形書脊的那種開心感覺一但卻沒有一點(diǎn)來自讀書的滿足”。

8.1定位根據(jù)notperfectyet可定位至UI段。

解析該段前幾句提到"目前的技術(shù)并不完美，一頁頁的掃描書很乏味，而且不同

的類型和打印尺寸經(jīng)常會得到不同的結(jié)果，這需要熟練的編輯技術(shù)才能做到輕松

易讀”。

9.E定位根據(jù)題干中portablebraillereader,15years可定位到E段。

解析該段后半部分提到作者知道“這種技術(shù)不是很新，它已經(jīng)存在至少15年了，

但是他是一個天生的勒德分子"，接著作者解釋了什么是勒德分子，即必須經(jīng)過

四個階段才能去使用這種技術(shù)的人。

10.G定位由feelsthegrowingdisapproval可定位到G段后半部分。

解析作者指出“有時候會感到逐漸增多的不滿：我們可以忍受一個電話，但不是

三個"，即作者不滿有太多的電話響聲。

「詞匯裝備」

reignite卜，再點(diǎn)燃；重新激起amicipate[aen'tisipeit]提前使用；搶在…

〔orture[匕:u司v.拷問；（使）痛苦前

indiscriminate[jndis'kriminit]a力?.不加選擇的tedious「ti:dies）岫.乏味的,單調(diào)的，冗長的

evilspeaking誹謗beobsessedabout著迷的

adheret。堅(jiān)持?拈酎i擁護(hù),追隨

Passage2題材：社會生活字?jǐn)?shù)：1120建議用時：13.5分鐘

WhyIntegrityMatters

大學(xué)英語四級長篇展配閱讀20篇

WhatIsIntegrity?

A)Thekeytointegrityisconsistency—notonlysettinghighpersonalstandards

foroneself(honesty,responsibility,respectforothers,fairness)butalsoliving

uptothosestandardseachandeveryday.Onewhohasintegrityisboundbyand

followsmoralandethical(道德上的)standardsevenwhenmakinglife'shard

choices,choiceswhichmaybecloudedbystress,pressuretosucceed,or

temptation.

B)Whathappensifwelie,cheat,steal,orviolateotherethicalstandards?Wefeel

disappointedinourselvesandashamed.Butalapse(缺失］ofintegrityalso

affectsourrelationshipswithothers.Trustisessentialinanyimportant

relationship,whetherpersonalorprofessional.Whocantrustsomeonewhois

dishonestorunfair?Thusintegritymustbeoneofourmostimportantgoals.

RiskyBusiness

C)Makingethicaldecisionsisacriticalpartofavoidingfutureproblems.We

mustlearntorecognizerisks,becauseifwecan'tseetheriskswe/retaking,we

can'tmakeresponsiblechoices.Toidentifyrisks,weneedtoknowtherulesand

beawareofthefacts.Forexample,onewhodoesn'tknowtherulesaabout

plagiarism(票！］竊)mayaccidentallyusewordsorideaswithoutgivingproper

creditoronewhofailstokeepcarefulresearchnotesmayunintentionallyfailto

quoteandcitesourcesasrequired.Butthefactthatsuchaviolationis

“unintentional"doesnotexcusethemisconduct.Ignoranceisnotadefense.

"ButEverybodyDoesIt"

D)Mostpeoplewhogetintroubledoknowtherulesandfactsbutmanageto

foolthemselvesabouttherisksthey'retakingbyusingexcuses:"Everyoneelse

doesit,"Tmnothurtinganyone",or"Ireallyneedthisgrade."Excusescanget

veryelaborate:"1knowI'mlookatanother'sexam,eventhoughFmsupposedto

keepmyeyesonmyownpaper,butthat'snotcheatingbecauseI'mjustchecking

myanswers,notcopying/1Wemustbehonestaboutouractionsandavoid

excuses,ifwefoolourselvesintobelievingwe'renotdoinganythingwrong,we

can'tseetherealchoicewe'remaking—andthatleadstobaddecisions.Toavoid

foolingyourself,watchoutforexcusesandtrythistest:Askhowyouwouldfeel

ifyouractionswerepublicandanyonecouldbewatchingoveryourshoulder.If

you'dratherhideyouractions,that'sanindicationthatyou'retakingariskand

rationalizingittoyourself.

EvaluatingRisks

大學(xué)英語四級長篇匹配閱讀20篇

E］Todecidewhetherariskisworthtaking,youmustexaminetheconsequences,

inthefutureaswellasrightnow,negativeaswellaspositive,andtoothersas

wellastoyourself.Thosewhotakeriskstheylaterregretusuallyfocuson

immediatebenefitsandsimplyhaven'tconsideredwhatmightgowrong.The

consequencesofgettingcaughtareseriousandmayincludea"0"onatestor

assignment,an"F"intheclass,suspension(暫令停學(xué)］ordismissalfromschool

andaruinedreputation.Infact,whenyoubreakaroleorlaw,youlosecontrol

overyourlifeandgiveothersthepowertoimposepunishmentthatyouhaveno

controlover.Thisisanextremelyvulnerable(脆弱的］position.Theremaybe

somemattersoflifeanddeathorhighestprinciple,whichmightjustifysucha

risk,buttherearen'tmanythingsthatfallinthiscategory.

GettingAwaywithit—OrNot

F)Thosewhodon'tgetcaughtpayanevenhigherprice.Acheaterdoesn'tlearn

fromthetest,whichdeprives(錄lj奪］himherofaneducation.Cheating

underminesconfidenceandindependence:thecheaterisafraud,andknowsthat

withoutdishonesty,he/shewouldhavefailed.Cheatingdestroysself-respectand

integrity,leavingthecheaterashamed,guiltyandafraidofgettingcaught.Worst

ofall,acheaterwhodoesn'tgetcaughtthefirsttimeusuallycheatsagain,not

onlybecausehe/sheisfartherbehind,butalsobecauseitseems"easier."This

slipperyslopeoferodingethicsandbiggerrisksleadsonlytodisaster.

Eventually,thecheatergetscaught,andthelaterhe/shegetscaught,theworse

theconsequences.

CheatingHurtsOther,Too

G)Cheatersoftenfeelinvisible,asiftheiractions"don'tcount"anddon'treally

hurtanyone.Butindividualchoiceshaveanintensecumulative(累積的］effect.

Cheatingcanspreadlikeadisease.Recentstatisticssuggest30%ormoreof

collegestudentscheat.Ifaclassisgradedonacurve,cheatinghurtsothers'

grades.Evenifthereisnocurve,cheating“poisons“theclassroom,andothers

mayfeelpressuredtojoinin.("IfIdon'tcheatIcan'tcompetewiththosewho

do")Cheatingalsohasadestructiveimpactonteachers.Therealrewardofgood

teachingisseeingstudentslearn.Butacheatersays."I'mnotinterestedinwhat

you'retryingtoteach,allIcareaboutisstealingagrade,regardlessoftheeffect

onothers/1Theendresultisadestructiveattackonthequalityofyoureducation.

Finally,cheatingcanhurtthereputationoftheuniversityandharmthosewho

workedhardfortheirdegree.

WhyIntegrityMatters

H)Ifcheatingbecomesthenorm,thenweareinbigtrouble.Wemustrelyonthe

honestyandgoodfaithofothers,ifnot,wecouldn'tputmoneyinthebank,buy

大學(xué)英語四級長篇匹配閱讀20篇

food,clothing,ormedicinefromothers,driveacrossabridge,getonaplane,go

tothedentist—thelistisendless.Therearemanyexamplesofthevastharmthat

iscausedwhenindividualsforgetorignoretheeffecttheirdishonestycanhave.

Thesavingsandloanscandal,thestockmarketandjunkbondswindles,and,of

course,Watergate,haveunderminedthefaithofmanyAmericansintheintegrity

ofpoliticalandeconomicleadersandsocietyasawhole.Suchincidentstakea

tremendoustollonournation'seconomyandourindividualwell-being.For

example,butforthesavingsandloandebacle,theremightbefundsavailableto

reducethenationaldebtandpayforeducation.

I)Insum,weallhaveacommonstakeinourschool,ourcommunity,andour

society.Ouractionsdomatter.Itisessentialthatweactwithintegrityinorderto

buildthekindofworldinwhichwewanttolive.

1.Thosewhotakeriskstheyregretlateronvalueimmediatebenefitsmost

2.Integritymattersbecauseallsocialactivitiesrelyonpeople'shonestyand

goodfaith.

3.Thereasonwhywemustlearntoidentifytheriskswearegoingtotakeisto

makesurewemakeresponsiblechoices.

4.Manypeoplefoolthemselvesaboutrisksbyusingallkindsofexcuseswhen

theygetintrouble,eveniftheyknowtherules.

5.Cheatingislikediease,thatcanspreadinclassroom.Ithurtshard-work

students,teachersandthereputationoftheuniversity.

6.Tobeapersonofintegrity,onenotonlysetshighmoralandethicalstandards

butalsostickstotheminhisdailylife.

7.Accordingtotheauthor,acheaterwhodoesn'tgetcaughtrightawaywillpay

moredearly.

8.ManyAmericanslostfaithintheintegrityoftheirpoliticalleadersasaresult

oftheWatergatescandal.

9.Integrityplaysanimportantroleinpersonalandprofessionalrelationships.

lO.Violationofaruleismisconductevenifitisunintentional.

「文章大意」

大學(xué)英語四級長篇匹配閱讀20篇

本文圍繞誠信進(jìn)行討論，可見近些年來人們對于道德問題給予了高度的重視。本

文以小標(biāo)題的形式展開，從什么是誠信、風(fēng)險業(yè)務(wù)、人人熱衷于冒險、評估風(fēng)險、

避免欺騙行為等方面闡釋了誠信在日常生活中的重要性。

參考答案及解析

1.E定位根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞regretlater定位至UE段的第二句。

解析表述與原文是同義轉(zhuǎn)述，value和原文中的focuson都表達(dá)"注重眼前利益"

之意。

2.H定位據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Integritymatters和relyon定位到H段第二句。

解析該句提到“我們的日常生活都必須依靠相互信任”，否則社會會一片混亂，由

此可見正直、誠實(shí)的重要性。

3.C定位根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞identifytherisks將答案定位在C段。

解析題干中identifytherisks與文中recognizerisks是同義替換。

4.D定位根據(jù)題干中foolthemselves和byusingallkindsofexcuses可定位在D

段第一句。

解析該句提到“惹禍上身的人中絕大多數(shù)都知道規(guī)則和事實(shí)，但是他們總是自欺

欺人，為自己所承擔(dān)的風(fēng)險尋找借口”。

5.G定位根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞disease和hurt等詞，可定位到G段。

解析這一段主要講的是作弊對他人的危害。陳述是對G段的總結(jié)。

6.A定位根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞是"notonly...butalso..."可定位到全文第一句。

解析提到“誠信最關(guān)鍵的就是言行一致一一不僅要為自己設(shè)定一個高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（誠實(shí),

責(zé)任感，尊重他人，公平），而且每時每刻都要遵守這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”。

7.F定位根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞getcaught定位到F段的首句。

解析原句里的higherprice和moredearly是同義替換。

8.H定位根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞integrityoftheirpoliticalleaders定位至!jH段的后面

部分。

解析該部分提到水門事件的丑聞使美國人對政治和社會的信任降低。

大學(xué)英語四級長篇展配閱讀20篇

9.B定位根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞personalandprofessional定位到原文B段中間及后半

部分。

解析該部分指出“誠信的缺失會影響我們的人際關(guān)系。信任在任何重要的人際關(guān)

系中都是基本的，不論是私人關(guān)系還是職業(yè)關(guān)系。”由此可知誠信在私人關(guān)系和

職業(yè)關(guān)系中都很重要。

10.D定位根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞violation和misconduct將定位在D段倒數(shù)第二句。

解析這里講到“即使并非有意而為地違反了誠信的規(guī)則也是錯誤的，不能以此為

借口”。

「詞匯裝備」

integrity[irftegriti]〃,正直,誠實(shí)；完整;完suspension[ssspenjan]n.；懸浮；暫停；

全；完整性懸而未決

undermineSnde'main卜.破壞dismissal[dis'misel]”.免職；解雇

ignorance[ignerens]無知I不知slippery「sliperiJM/.滑的；光滑的

statistics[sta'tistiks]幾統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)J統(tǒng)計(jì)表scandal「skaendl]比丑聞；誹謗J流言蜚語

watchover監(jiān)視；看守beavailable有空的；可供使用的

deprivesbof剝奪某人的…insum總而言之

Passage3題材：經(jīng)濟(jì)管理字?jǐn)?shù)：921建議用時：11分鐘

Highways

A）Earlyinthe20thcentury,mostofthestreetsandroadsintheU.S.weremade

ofdirt,brick,andcedarwoodblocks.Builtforhorse,carriage,andfoottraffic,

theywereusuallypoorlycaredforandtoonarrowtoaccommodate（容納）

automobiles.

B）Withtheincreaseinautoproduction,privateturnpike（U攵費(fèi)公路）companies

underlocalauthoritiesbegantospringup,andby1921therewere387,000

milesofpavedroads.Manywerebuiltusingspecificationsof19thcentury

ScottishengineersThomasTelfordandJohnMacAdam（forwhomthemacadam

surfaceisnamed],whosespecificationsstressedtheimportanceofadequate

drainage.Beyondthat,therewerenonationalstandardsforsize,weight

restrictions,orcommercialsigns.DuringWorldWarI,roadsthroughoutthe

countrywerenearlydestroyedbytheweightoftrucks.WhenGeneral

EisenhowerreturnedfromGermanyin1919,afterservingintheU.S.army'sfirst

transcontinentalmotorconvoy（車隊(duì)）,henoted:"Theoldconvoyhadstartedme

thinkingaboutgood,two-lanehighways,butGermany'sAutobahnormotorway

hadmademeseethewisdomofbroaderribbonsacrosstheland.”

大學(xué)英語四級長篇匹配閱讀20篇

C)Itwouldtakeanotherwarbeforethefederalgovernmentwouldactona

nationalhighwaysystem.DuringWorldWarII,atremendousincreaseintrucks

andnewroadswererequired.Thewardemonstratedhowcriticalhighways

weretothedefenseeffort.Thirteenpercentofdefenseplantsreceivedalltheir

suppliesbytruck,andalmostallotherplantsshippedmorethanhalfoftheir

productsbyvehicle.Thewaralsorevealedthatlocalcontrolofhighwayshadled

toaconfusingvarietyofdesignstandards.Evenfederalandstatehighwaysdid

notfollowbasicstandards.Somestatesallowedtrucksupto36,000pounds,

whileothersrestrictedanythingover7,000pounds.

D)Agovernmentstudyrecommendedanationalhighwaysystemof33,920

miles,andcongresssoonpassedtheFederal-AidHighwayActof1944,which

calledforstrict,centrallycontrolleddesigncriteria.

E)Theinterstatehighwaysystemwasfinallylaunchedin1956andhasbeen

hailedasoneofthegreatestpublicworksprojectsofthecentury.Tobuildits

44,000-milewebofhighways,bridge,andtunnels,hundredsofunique

engineeringdesignsandsolutionshadtobeworkedout.Considerthemany

geographicfeaturesofthecountry:mountains,steepgrades,wetlands,rivers,

desertsandplains.Variablesincludedtheslopeoftheland,theabilityofthe

pavementtosupporttheload,theintensityofroaduse,andthenatureofthe

underlyingsoil.Urbanareaswereanotherproblem.Innovativedesignsof

roadways,tunnels,bridges,overpasses,andinterchangesthatcouldrunthrough

orbypassurbanareassoonbegantoweavetheirwayacrossthecountry,forever

alteringthefaceofAmerica.

F)Today,theinterstatesystemlinkseverymajorcityintheU.S.,andtheU.S.

withCanadaandMexico.Builtwithsafetyinmind,thehighwayshavewidelanes

andshoulders,dividingmedians,orbarriers,longentryandexitlanes,curves

engineeredforsafeturns,andlimitedaccess.Thedeathrateonhighwaysishalf

thatofallotherU.S.roads(0.86deathsper100millionpassengermiles

comparedto1.99deathsper100milliononallotherroads).

G)Byopeningt