2023年英語專業四級考試題庫大全及答案詞匯與語法部分1.Thepolicearetryingtofindoutthe______ofthewomankilledinthetrafficaccident.A.evidenceB.recognitionC.statusD.identity答案：D。“identity”意為“身份”，警方試圖查明在交通事故中喪生的女子的身份，符合語境。“evidence”是“證據”；“recognition”是“認出，識別”；“status”是“地位，狀態”。2.Themanagerpromisedtokeepme______ofhowourbusinesswasgoingon.A.informedB.informingC.tobeinformedD.havinginformed答案：A。“keepsb.informedof...”是固定用法，意為“讓某人了解……”，“informed”是過去分詞作賓語補足語，與“me”是被動關系。3.______forthefreetickets,Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften.A.IfitisnotB.WereitnotC.HaditnotbeenD.Iftheywerenot答案：C。這是一個虛擬語氣的句子，與過去事實相反。“Haditnotbeenfor...”相當于“Ifithadnotbeenfor...”，表示“要不是……”。4.Idon'tthinkitadvisablethatTom______tothejobsincehehasnoexperience.A.isassignedB.willbeassignedC.beassignedD.hasbeenassigned答案：C。在“itisadvisablethat...”結構中，that從句要用虛擬語氣，即“should+動詞原形”，should可以省略。“Tom”和“assign”是被動關系，所以用“beassigned”。5.Theoldcoupledecidedtomoveoutoftowntoaquiet______,wheretheyhadspentseveralyearsimmediatelyaftertheirmarriage.A.spaceB.suburbC.neighborhoodD.area答案：C。“neighborhood”指“附近地區，鄰里”，老夫婦想搬到一個安靜的他們婚后曾住過幾年的鄰里地方。“space”是“空間”；“suburb”是“郊區”；“area”是“區域”，這里“neighborhood”更符合語境。6.Itwasessentialthattheapplicationforms______backbeforethedeadline.A.mustbesentB.wouldbesentC.besentD.weresent答案：C。“Itisessentialthat...”結構中，從句用虛擬語氣，“should+動詞原形”，should可省略，“applicationforms”和“send”是被動關系，所以是“besent”。7.Themaninthecornerconfessedto______alietothemanagerofthecompany.A.havetoldB.betoldC.beingtoldD.havingtold答案：D。“confessto”中的“to”是介詞，后面接動名詞，“說謊”這個動作發生在“confessed”之前，所以用動名詞的完成式“havingtold”。8.Bytheendofthismonth,wesurely______asatisfactorysolutiontotheproblem.A.havefoundB.willbefindingC.willhavefoundD.arefinding答案：C。“bytheendofthismonth”表示到將來某個時間為止，要用將來完成時，即“willhave+過去分詞”，所以選“willhavefound”。9.Therearesigns______restaurantsarebecomingmorepopularwithfamilies.A.thatB.whichC.inwhichD.whose答案：A。“that”引導同位語從句，解釋說明“signs”的內容，從句“restaurantsarebecomingmorepopularwithfamilies”不缺成分，所以用“that”。10.Inordertoshowhisbosswhatacarefulworkerhewas,hetook______troubleoverthefigures.A.extensiveB.spareC.extraD.supreme答案：C。“takeextratroubleover...”表示“在……上格外下功夫”，他為了向老板顯示自己是個細心的員工，在數字上格外用心。“extensive”是“廣泛的”；“spare”是“空閑的”；“supreme”是“最高的，極度的”。完型填空部分IntheUnitedStates,thefirstdaynurserywasopenedin1854.Nurserieswereestablishedinvariousareasduringthe1870sand1880s,andmostof11werecharitable.BothinEuropeandintheU.S.,theday-nurserymovementreceivedgreat12duringtheFirstWorldWar,when13ofmanpowercausedtheindustrialemploymentofunprecedentednumbersofwomen.InsomeEuropeancountriesnurserieswereestablished14inmunitionsplants,underdirectgovernmentsponsorship.15thenumberofnurseriesintheU.S.alsorose16,thisrisewasaccomplishedwithoutgovernmentaidofanykind.DuringtheyearsfollowingtheFirstWorldWar,17,Federal,State,andlocalgovernmentsgraduallybegantoexerciseameasureofcontrol18thedaynurseries,chieflyby19themandbyinspectingandregulatingtheconditionswithinthenurseries.The20oftheSecondWorldWarwasquicklyfollowedbyanincreaseinthenumberofdaynurseriesinalmostallcountries,aswomenwereagaincalledupontoreplacemeninthefactories.Onthis21theU.S.governmentimmediatelycametothesupportofthenurseryschools,22$6,000,000inJuly,1942,foranurseryschoolprogramforthechildrenofworkingmothers.ManyStatesandlocalcommunities23thisFederalaid.Bytheendofthewar,inAugust,1945,morethan100,000childrenwerebeingcared24inday-carecentersreceivingFederal25.Soonafterward,theFederalgovernment26cutdownitsexpendituresforthispurposeandlater27them,causingasharpdropinthenumberofnurseryschoolsinoperation.However,theexpectationthatmostemployedmotherswouldleavetheir28attheendofthewarwasonlypartlyfulfilled.11.A.thoseB.themC.whoseD.whom答案：B。這里需要一個賓格代詞作“of”的賓語，指代前面的“nurseries”，所以用“them”。12.A.impetusB.inputC.imitationD.initiative答案：A。“impetus”意為“推動力”，一戰期間，人力短缺促使大量女性就業，這給日托所運動帶來了很大的推動力。“input”是“投入”；“imitation”是“模仿”；“initiative”是“主動性”。13.A.sourcesB.abundanceC.shortageD.reduction答案：C。“shortageofmanpower”表示“人力短缺”，因為人力短缺才導致大量女性進入工廠工作，推動了日托所的發展。“sources”是“來源”；“abundance”是“豐富”；“reduction”是“減少”。14.A.hardlyB.entirelyC.onlyD.even答案：D。“even”表示遞進，在一些歐洲國家，甚至在軍火工廠里都建立了日托所。“hardly”是否定副詞“幾乎不”；“entirely”是“完全地”；“only”是“僅僅”。15.A.BecauseB.AsC.SinceD.Although答案：D。“Although”引導讓步狀語從句，盡管美國日托所數量也增加了，但沒有得到政府的任何援助。“Because”“As”“Since”都引導原因狀語從句。16.A.unanimouslyB.sharplyC.predominantlyD.militantly答案：B。“sharply”表示“急劇地”，美國日托所數量急劇增加。“unanimously”是“一致地”；“predominantly”是“主要地”；“militantly”是“好戰地”。17.A.thereforeB.consequentlyC.howeverD.moreover答案：C。這里表示轉折，一戰后，聯邦、州和地方政府開始對日托所進行控制，與前面沒有政府援助形成轉折，用“however”。“therefore”和“consequently”表示因果關系；“moreover”表示遞進關系。18.A.overB.inC.atD.about答案：A。“exercisecontrolover...”是固定搭配，意為“對……實施控制”。19.A.formulatingB.labelingC.patentingD.licensing答案：D。“licensing”意為“頒發許可證”，政府主要通過給日托所頒發許可證、檢查和規范其內部條件來進行控制。“formulating”是“制定”；“labeling”是“貼標簽”；“patenting”是“申請專利”。20.A.outsetB.outbreakC.breakthroughD.breakdown答案：B。“outbreak”指“爆發”，二戰的爆發促使幾乎所有國家日托所數量增加。“outset”是“開端”；“breakthrough”是“突破”；“breakdown”是“故障，崩潰”。21.A.circumstanceB.occasionC.caseD.situation答案：B。“onthisoccasion”表示“在這個時候”，這里指二戰時美國政府在這個時候立刻支持托兒所項目。“circumstance”常用復數“circumstances”；“case”指“情況，案例”；“situation”是“形勢，局面”。22.A.regulatingB.summoningC.allocatingD.transferring答案：C。“allocating”意為“分配，撥出”，美國政府在1942年7月撥出600萬美元用于職業母親孩子的托兒所項目。“regulating”是“調節”；“summoning”是“召集”；“transferring”是“轉移”。23.A.expandedB.facilitatedC.supplementedD.compensated答案：C。“supplemented”表示“補充”，許多州和地方社區補充了聯邦政府的援助。“expanded”是“擴大”；“facilitated”是“使便利”；“compensated”是“補償”。24.A.byB.afterC.ofD.for答案：D。“carefor”是固定短語，意為“照顧”，到1945年8月戰爭結束時，有超過10萬名兒童在接受聯邦資助的日托中心得到照顧。25.A.pensionsB.subsidiesC.revenuesD.budgets答案：B。“subsidies”指“補貼”，這里指接受聯邦政府補貼的日托中心。“pensions”是“養老金”；“revenues”是“收入”；“budgets”是“預算”。26.A.prevalentlyB.furiouslyC.statisticallyD.drastically答案：D。“drastically”表示“大幅度地”，戰后聯邦政府大幅度削減了這方面的開支。“prevalently”是“普遍地”；“furiously”是“憤怒地”；“statistically”是“統計上地”。27.A.abolishedB.diminishedC.jeopardizedD.precluded答案：A。“abolished”意為“廢除”，后來聯邦政府廢除了這項開支，導致運營的托兒所數量急劇下降。“diminished”是“減少”；“jeopardized”是“危及”；“precluded”是“阻止”。28.A.nurseriesB.homesC.jobsD.children答案：C。大部分職業母親在戰后離開工作崗位的預期只部分實現了，所以這里選“jobs”。閱讀理解部分Passage1Theconceptofpersonalchoiceinrelationtohealthbehaviorsisanimportantone.Anestimated90percentofallillnessesmaybepreventableifindividualswouldmakesoundpersonalhealthchoicesbaseduponcurrentmedicalknowledge.Weallenjoyourfreedomofchoiceanddonotliketoseeitrestrictedwhenitiswithinthelegalandmoralboundariesofsociety.ThestructureofAmericansocietyallowsustomakealmostallourownpersonaldecisionsthatmayconcernourhealth.Ifwesodesire,wecansmoke,drinkexcessively,refusetowearseatbelts,eatwhateverfoodswewant,andliveacompletelysedentarylifestylewithoutanyexercise.Thefreedomtomakesuchpersonaldecisionsisafundamentalaspectofoursociety,althoughthewisdomofthesedecisionscanbequestioned.Personalchoicesrelativetohealthoftencauseadifficulty.Asoneexample,ateenagermayknowthefactsrelativetosmokingcigarettesandhealthbutmaybepressuredbyfriendsintobelievingitisthesociallyacceptedthingtodo.Amultitudeoffactors,bothinheritedandenvironmental,influencethedevelopmentofhealth-relatedbehaviors,anditisbeyondthescopeofthistexttodiscussallthesefactorsastheymayaffectanygivenindividual.However,thedecisiontoadoptaparticularhealth-relatedbehaviorisusuallyoneofpersonalchoice.Therearehealthychoicesandthereareunhealthychoices.Indiscussingthemoralsofpersonalchoice,FriesandCrapodrewacomparison.Theysuggestthattoknowinglygiveoneselfovertoabehaviorthathasastatisticalprobabilityofshorteninglifeissimilartoattemptingsuicide.Thus,forthoseindividualswhoareinterestedinpreservingboththequalityandquantityoflife,personalhealthchoicesshouldreflectthosebehaviorsthatareassociatedwithastatisticalprobabilityofincreasedvitalityandlongevity.29.Theconceptofpersonalchoiceconcerninghealthisimportantbecause______.A.personalhealthchoiceshelpcuremostillnessesB.ithelpsraisethelevelofourmedicalknowledgeC.itisessentialtopersonalfreedominAmericansocietyD.wrongdecisionscouldleadtopoorhealth答案：D。文章提到“Anestimated90percentofallillnessesmaybepreventableifindividualswouldmakesoundpersonalhealthchoicesbaseduponcurrentmedicalknowledge”，說明個人健康選擇很重要，因為錯誤的選擇可能導致健康問題。A選項說個人健康選擇能治愈大多數疾病，原文說的是可預防，不準確；B選項文章未提及；C選項個人自由不是強調個人健康選擇重要的原因。30.To"liveacompletelysedentarylifestyle"(Para.1)inthepassagemeans______.A.to"liveaninactivelife"B.to"liveadecentlife"C.to"livealifewithcompletefreedom"D.to"livealifeofvice"答案：A。“sedentary”意思是“久坐的，不愛活動的”，“liveacompletelysedentarylifestyle”就是過一種不活動的生活，A選項正確。B選項“過體面的生活”；C選項“過完全自由的生活”；D選項“過罪惡的生活”都不符合。31.Soundpersonalhealthchoiceisoftendifficulttomakebecause______.A.currentmedicalknowledgeisstillinsufficientB.therearemanyfactorsinfluencingourdecisionsC.fewpeoplearewillingtotradethequalityoflifeforthequantityoflifeD.peopleareusuallyinfluencedbythebehavioroftheirfriends答案：B。文章提到“Amultitudeoffactors,bothinheritedandenvironmental,influencethedevelopmentofhealth-relatedbehaviors”，說明有很多因素影響我們關于健康行為的決策，所以做出合理的個人健康選擇往往很困難。A選項文章未提及醫學知識不足；C選項文章沒有說人們不愿意用生活質量換壽命；D選項朋友的影響只是其中一個因素，不全面。32.AccordingtoFriesandCrapointhepassage,livingahealthylifeis______.A.statisticallyprobableB.apersonaldecisionC.beyondcomparisonsD.asocialresponsibility答案：B。文章說“thedecisiontoadoptaparticularhealth-relatedbehaviorisusuallyoneofpersonalchoice”以及“personalhealthchoicesshouldreflectthosebehaviorsthatareassociatedwithastatisticalprobabilityofincreasedvitalityandlongevity”，說明過健康的生活是個人的決定，B選項正確。A選項統計概率只是用來描述健康行為和壽命的關系；C選項與原文不符；D選項文章未提及社會責任。Passage2Theimportanceandfocusoftheinterviewintheworkoftheprintandbroadcastjournalistarereflectedinseveralbooksthathavebeenwrittenonthetopic.Mostofthesebooks,aswellasseveralchapters,mainlyin,butnotlimitedto,journalismandbroadcastinghandbooksandreportingtexts,stressthe"howto"aspectsofjournalisticinterviewingratherthantheconceptualaspectsoftheinterview,itscontext,andimplications.Muchofthe"howto"materialisbasedonpersonalexperiencesandgeneralimpressions.Asweknow,injournalismasinotherfields,muchcanbelearnedfromthesystematicstudyofprofessionalpractice.Suchstudybringstogetherevidencefromwhichbroadgeneralizedprinciplescanbedeveloped.Thereis,ashasbeensuggested,agrowingbodyofresearchliteratureinjournalismandbroadcasting,butverylittlesignificantattentionhasbeendevotedtothestudyoftheinterviewitself.Ontheotherhand,manygeneraltextsaswellasnumerousresearcharticlesoninterviewinginfieldsotherthanjournalismhavebeenwritten.Manyofthesebooksandarticlespresentthetheoreticalandempiricalaspectsoftheinterviewaswellasthetrainingoftheinterviewers.Unhappily,thisplentifulgeneralliteratureaboutinterviewingpayslittleattentiontothejournalisticinterview.Thefactthatthegeneralliteratureoninterviewingdoesnotdealwiththejournalisticinterviewseemstobesurprisingfortworeasons.First,itseemslikelythatmostpeopleinmodernWesternsocietiesaremorefamiliar,atleastinapositivemanner,withjournalisticinterviewingthanwithanyotherformofinterviewing.Mostofusareprobablysomewhatfamiliarwiththeclinicalinterview,suchasthatconductedbyphysiciansandpsychologists.Inthesesituationstheprofessionalpersonorinterviewerisinterestedingettinginformationnecessaryforthediagnosisandtreatmentofthepersonseekinghelp.Anotherfamiliarsituationisthejobinterview.However,veryfewofushaveactuallybeeninterviewedpersonallybythemassmedia,particularlybytelevision.Andyet,wehaveavividacquaintancewiththejournalisticinterviewbyvirtueofourrolesasreaders,listeners,andviewers.Evenso,trueunderstandingofthejournalisticinterview,especiallytelevisioninterviews,requiresthoughtfulanalysesandevenstudy,asthisbookindicates.33.Themainideaofthefirstparagraphisthat______.A.generalizedprinciplesforjournalisticinterviewsarethechiefconcernforwritersonjournalismB.importanceshouldbeattachedtothesystematicstudyofjournalisticinterviewingC.conceptsandcontextualimplicationsareofsecondaryimportancetojournalisticinterviewingD.personalexperiencesandgeneralimpressionsshouldbeexcludedfromjournalisticinterviews答案：B。第一段指出很多關于新聞采訪的書注重“如何做”方面，而基于專業實踐的系統研究能讓我們學到很多東西，能總結出廣泛的普遍原則，所以強調了對新聞采訪進行系統研究的重要性，B選項正確。A選項文章未說普遍原則是主要關注點；C選項不是第一段主要意思；D選項文章未提及要排除個人經驗和一般印象。34.Muchresearchhasbeendoneoninterviewsingeneral______.A.sothetrainingofjournalisticinterviewershaslikewisebeenstrengthenedB.thoughthestudyoftheinterviewingtechniqueshasn'treceivedmuchattentionC.butjournalisticinterviewingasaspecificfieldhasunfortunatelybeenneglectedD.andtherehasalsobeenadramaticgrowthinthestudyofjournalisticinterviewing答案：C。第二段提到“manygeneraltextsaswellasnumerousresearcharticlesoninterviewinginfieldsotherthanjournalismhavebeenwritten”，但“thisplentifulgeneralliteratureaboutinterviewingpayslittleattentiontothejournalisticinterview”，說明關于一般采訪有很多研究，但新聞采訪這個特定領域被忽視了，C選項正確。A選項文章未提及新聞采訪者培訓加強；B選項與原文不符，很多關于采訪的研究涉及采訪技巧；D選項與原文說的新聞采訪研究少相悖。35.Westernersarefamiliarwiththejournalisticinterview,______.A.butmostofthemwishtostayawayfromitB.andmanyofthemhopetobeinterviewedsomedayC.andmanyofthemwouldliketoacquireatrueunderstandingofitD.butmostofthemmaynothavebeeninterviewedinperson答案：D。第二段說“veryfewofushaveactuallybeeninterviewedpersonallybythemassmedia,particularlybytelevision.Andyet,wehaveavividacquaintancewiththejournalisticinterviewbyvirtueofourrolesasreaders,listeners,andviewers”，說明西方人熟悉新聞采訪，但大多數人可能沒有親身被采訪過，D選項正確。A選項文章未提及人們想遠離；B選項文章未提及人們希望被采訪；C選項文章未提及人們想真正了解。36.Thepassageismostlikelyapartof______.A.anewsarticleB.aprefaceC.aresearchreportD.ajournalisticinterview答案：B。文章最后說“trueunderstandingofthejournalisticinterview,especiallytelevisioninterviews,requiresthoughtfulanalysesandevenstudy,asthisbookindicates”，說明這可能是一本書的前言，引導讀者去深入了解新聞采訪，B選項正確。A選項新聞文章一般時效性強，內容更側重新聞事件；C選項研究報告更注重研究方法和結果；D選項這不是新聞采訪的內容。寫作部分題目Somepeoplethinkthatuniversitiesshouldnotprovidetheoreticalknowledge,buttogivepracticaltrainingbenefittosociety.Doyouagreeordisagree?范文Inmodernsociety,theissueofwhetheruniversitiesshouldfocusonpracticaltrainingratherthantheoreticalknowledgehassparkedaheateddebate.Whilepracticaltrainingindeedhasitsadvantages,Ifirmlybelievethatuniversitiesshouldnotneglecttheimportanceoftheoreticalknowledge.Admittedly,practicaltrainingofferedbyuniversitiescanbringaboutseveralbenefits.Firstly,itcanenhancestudents'employability.Intoday'shighlycompetitivejobmarket,employersoftenprefercandidateswhopossesspracticalskills.Byreceivingpracticaltraininginuniversities,studentscangainhands-onexperience,whichmakesthemmorecompetitivewhenapplyingforjobs.Forexample,studentsmajoringincomputersciencewhohaveparticipatedinreal-worldsoftwaredevelopmentprojectsduringtheiruniversityyearsaremorelikelytobehiredbysoftwarecompaniesthanthosewhoonlyhavetheoreticalknowledge.Secondly,practicaltrainingcancontributetothedevelopmentofsociety.Whenstudentsapplythepracticalskillstheyhavelearnedinuniversitiestotheirfuturework,theycansolvereal-worldproblemsmoreeffectively.Forinstance,engineeringstudentswhohavepracticalexperienceinbuildingbridgesordesigningmachinescanmakesignificantcontributionstoinfrastructureconstructionandtechnologicalinnovation.However,theoreticalknowledgeisalsoindispensableinuniversities.Theoreticalknowledgeformsthefoundationofalldisciplines.Itprovidesstudentswithacomprehensiveunderstandingofthefundamentalconcepts,principles,andtheoriesintheirfieldsofstudy.Withoutasolidtheoreticalfoundation,studentsmayfinditdifficulttounderstandcomplexpracticalproblemsanddevelopinnovativesolutions.Forexample,inthefieldofphysics,theoreticalknowledgesuchasNewton'slawsandEinstein'stheoryofrelativityisessentialforunderstandingthephysicalworldandconductingscientificresearch.Moreover,theoreticalknowledgecanstimulatestudents'criticalthinkingandcreativity.Bystudyingtheoreticalknowledge,studentsareexposedtodifferentperspectivesandideas,whichcanbroadentheirhorizonsandinspirethemtothinkindependently.Thisiscrucialforthedevelopmentofnewtheoriesandtechnologies.Forexample,inthefieldofliterature,studyingliterarytheoriescanhelpstudentsanalyzeandappreciateliteraryworksfromdifferentangles,andevencreatetheirownuniqueliteraryworks.Inconclusion,whilepracticaltraininghasitsmeritsinimprovingstudents'employabilityandbenefitingsociety,universitiesshouldnotabandontheoreticalknowledge.Instead,universitiesshouldstrikeabalancebetweentheoreticalknowledgeandpracticaltraining,sothatstudentscannotonlyacquirepracticalskillsbutalsobuildasolidtheoreticalfoundation,whichwillenablethemtomakegreatercontributionstosocietyinthefuture.聽力部分（由于文本形式限制，僅給出題目及答案思路）SectionAConversationsConversation137.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anewproject.B.Ajobinterview.C.Atrainingprogram.答案：B。在對話中，兩人圍繞其中一人即將參加的工作面試展開交流，提到了面試的時間、可能會被問到的問題等，所以選B。38.Whatadvicedoesthemangivetothewoman?A.Todressformally.B.Toarriveearly.C.Topreparesomequestions.答案：C。男人建議女人準備一些問題在面試時問面試官，如關于公司未來發展方向等問題，所以選C。Conversation239.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inahotel.C.Inasupermarket.答案：B。從對話中可以聽到提到了房間號、退房等信息，說明是在酒店發生的對話，選B。40.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Tochangeherroom.B.Tocheckout.C.Toorderroomservice.答案：B。女人明確表示她要退房，選B。SectionBPassagesPassage141.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thehistoryofafamouspark.B.Thefeaturesofanaturalreserve.C.Theactivitiesinatouristattraction.答案：B。文章主要介紹了一個自然保護區的地理環境、動植物種類等特征，所以選B。42.Howmanykindsofbirdsarethereinthereserve?A.About100.B.About200.C.About300.答案：C。文中明確提到保護區里大約有300種鳥類，選C。Passage243.Whatisthepurposeoftheresearch?A.Tofindouttherelationshipbetweensleepandhealth.B.Tostudytheeffectofdifferentdietsonweight