更多更新資料詳情加微：xiaojuzi9598或zhixing16881專題05閱讀理解（說明文）考點五年考情（2020-2024）命題趨勢閱讀理解（說明文）2024C篇本文介紹了了解海洋的重要性。D篇本文介紹了中國對大熊貓外交的重視程度，并呼吁人們保護大熊貓。2023B篇介紹洋蔥的好處以及如何切洋蔥時不流眼淚。D篇介紹科學家開發出一種讀心的方法，將未說出口的想法轉化為書面文字。2022介紹現今老師和學校更加關注道德教育和性格塑造，以確保青少年在建立人際關系方面取得成功，同時介紹了幫助孩子們獲得成功的關鍵是什么。2021介紹什么是自我意識,有自我意識有什么好處以及怎么培養自我意識等。2020嫦娥四號登月器上攜帶的小型花園成了第一棵生長在另一個星球上的植物的家園——這也是嫦娥四號的另一個成功。中考說明文的難度較大，文章主題主要以“人與自然生態”、“熱愛并善待生命”、“科學技術與工程,人類發明與創新”結合社會熱點、等素材考查對語篇理解能力和分析判斷能力(2024年福建省中考真題C篇)Thoughoceanscoverabout71percentoftheearth’ssurface,there’sstillalotwedon’tknowaboutthem.Onlyabout20percentoftheseafloorhasbeenmapped,andtheremaining80percentisstillasecrettous.Somescientistseventhinkthat91percentofseaanimalshaveyettobediscovered.Sowhydoweknowsolittleaboutthedeepsea?Well,gettingtothosedepthsisverydifficultandrequireshightechnologythatsimplydidn’tcomeintobeingformostofhumanhistory.Thefirstnavigablesubmarine(可駕駛的潛水艇),forexample,wasbuiltin1620,anditcouldn’tgomorethanfivemetersbelowthesurface.Infact,foralongtimemanyscientistsdidn’teventhinkthattherecouldbeanylifeatdepthsgreaterthan550metersanddidn’tseemuchneedtoexplore(探索)thedeepsea.However,thischangedin1862whenlifewasdiscoveredasfardownas945metersbelowsealevelwiththehelpofadiggingmachine.Tenyearslater,around4,700species(物種)unknownbeforefromtheoceanfloorwerediscovered.Sincethen,hightechnologyhasbeendevelopedtohelpexplorethedeepsea,includingsatellites.Butwhyisdeep-seaexplorationstillsodifficult?Well,atgreaterdepthsitisfreezing(極冷的),everythingiscompletelydark,andthepressurecanbeover1,000timesgreaterthanthatonthesurface.Thoughwehavethedifficulties,it’simportantthatweunderstandtheseas.Theyhelpcontroltheearth’stemperatureandproducehalfoftheoxygen(O2)intheair.Theycanalsoprovideuswithinformationaboutclimatechange.Ourfuturedependsonlearningmoreaboutouroceans,anditispossibleforustoreallyunderstandwhatisongoingbelowthesurface.56.WhyaresomenumberslistedinParagraph1?A.Tointroducehowimportantoceansare.B.Todiscusswhyseaanimalshaveyettobefoundout.C.Toexplainthatoceanscoveralargeareaoftheearth.D.Toshowthatwehaveonlyalittleunderstandingofoceans.57.Whatcausedthechangeofexplorationintothedeepsea?A.Hightechnology. B.Unknownspecies.C.Apleasantenvironment. D.Valuableinformation.58.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Seaanimals. B.Theseas. C.Thesatellites. D.Manyscientists.59.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Itisdifficulttobuildanavigablesubmarine. B.Theseashaveastronginfluenceonourfuture.C.Theseashavenolivesatadepthof550meters. D.Itiseasiertogointothedeepseathanwethink.50.Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A.HiddenTreasuresinDeepSea B.UnlockedSecretsofDeepSeaC.Deep-SeaExploration:IntotheFreezingDepths D.Deep-SeaExploration:ThePastandtheFuture【答案】56.D57.A58.B59.B60.C【解析】本文介紹了了解海洋的重要性。56.推理判斷題。根據“Thoughoceanscoverabout71percentoftheearth’ssurface,there’sstillalotwedon’tknowaboutthem.…”可知列舉的數字表明，盡管海洋覆蓋地球的71%，但是我們仍然知之甚少。故選D。57.推理判斷題。根據“Infact,foralongtimemanyscientistsdidn’teventhinkthattherecouldbeanylifeatdepthsgreaterthan550metersanddidn’tseemuchneedtoexplorethedeepsea.”和“Sincethen,hightechnologyhasbeendevelopedtohelpexplorethedeepsea,includingsatellites.”可知探索深海需要高科技的幫助。故選A。58.詞義推斷題。根據“Thoughwehavethedifficulties,it’simportantthatweunderstandtheseas.”可知雖然我們有困難，但了解海洋是很重要的。此處they指代上文的seas。故選B。59.細節理解題。根據“Ourfuturedependsonlearningmoreaboutouroceans,anditispossibleforustoreallyunderstandwhatisongoingbelowthesurface.”可知我們的未來取決于更多地了解我們的海洋，說明海洋對我們的未來有很大影響。故選B。60.最佳標題題。本文主要介紹了探索海洋的重要性，根據“Sincethen,hightechnologyhasbeendevelopedtohelpexplorethedeepsea,includingsatellites.Butwhyisdeep-seaexplorationstillsodifficult?”可知主要是介紹深海探究的現狀，并不是過去與未來。故選C。(2024年福建省中考真題D篇)ItwasreportedinMay2024thattheChinaWildlifeConservationAssociation(CWCA,中國野生動物保護協會)willsendgiantpandasYunChuanandXinBaototheSanDiegoZoointheUnitedStates,whichisasymbolofanew10-yearperiodofinternationalconservationpartnership.TheCWCAhasorganizedexperiencedcaretakersanddoctorstogowiththepandastotheUS.Thezooisgettingreadytoprovidethepandaswithalargerandmorecomfortablelivingenvironment.Ithasalsoformedateamwithspecialskillsrelatedwithpandacare,dailynursing,andscientificresearch.Thecooperation(合作)betweentheCWCAandtheSanDiegoZoodatesbackto1996whenBaiYunandShiShibecamethefirstpairofpandastoliveinthezoo.GiantpandasHuaMei,bornin1999,andMeiSheng,bornin2003,whousedtolivethere,aretheresultofChina-USgiantpandaresearchcooperation.Overthepasttwentyyears,thetwosideshavecooperatedandsolvedmanytechnicalproblems,includingimportantdiscoveriesinkeyareaslikepandaraising.Sincethe1990s,Chinahascooperatedongiantpandaconservationwith20countries.“Internationalcooperationinfieldssuchasdiseasepreventionandcontrol,treatment,andwildtrainingandreintroductiontothewild,hasachievedgoodresults.GiantpandaswillfacilitatecommunicationbetweenpeoplesandletpeoplearoundtheworldknowChinabetter,”saidLi,theleaderoftheChinaConservationandResearchCenterfortheGiantPanda.“Scientificandeducationaloutreach(延伸服務)alsoservesasakeyroleininternationalgiantpandaexchanges,allowingmorepeopletounderstandgiantpandas,whichprovidesverygoodsupportforoureffortsinprotectingwildgiantpandas,”Lisaid.61.China’ssendingYunChuanandXinBaototheSanDiegoZoomeans________.A.agoodlivingconditionforpandas B.anewageofconservationcooperationC.agreatachievementinscientificresearch D.along-termplanfortrainingpandacaretakers62.HowlonghavetheCWCAandtheSanDiegoZoocooperated?A.21years. B.25years. C.28years. D.34years.63.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thehistoryofthecooperation. B.Theraisingofthegiantpandas.C.ThelivesofthepandasintheUS. D.Theprocessofsolvingtheproblems.64.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“facilitate”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Expect. B.Create. C.Improve. D.Receive.65.Whatdoweknowfromthelastparagraph?A.Scientificresearchiswellonitsway. B.Theoutreachplaysanimportantpart.C.Thecooperationrequiresinternationalsupport. D.Educationaboutwildlifeprotectionisabigsuccess.【答案】61.B62.C63.A64.C65.B【解析】本文介紹了中國對大熊貓外交的重視程度，并呼吁人們保護大熊貓。61.細節理解題。根據“ItwasreportedinMay2024thattheChinaWildlifeConservationAssociationwillsendgiantpandasYunChuanandXinBaototheSanDiegoZoointheUnitedStates,whichisasymbolofanew10-yearperiodofinternationalconservationpartnership.”可知中國野生動物保護協會將把大熊貓云川和鑫寶送往美國圣地亞哥動物園，這標志著雙方新的10年國際保護伙伴關系。故選B。62.推理判斷題。根據“ThecooperationbetweentheCWCAandtheSanDiegoZoodatesbackto1996whenBaiYunandShiShibecamethefirstpairofpandastoliveinthezoo.”可知中國野生動物保護協會和圣地亞哥動物園的合作是從1996年開始，到現在已經28年了。故選C。63.推理判斷題。根據“ThecooperationbetweentheCWCAandtheSanDiegoZoodatesbackto1996whenBaiYunandShiShibecamethefirstpairofpandastoliveinthezoo.”可知本段介紹了中國野生動物保護協會和圣地亞哥動物園的合作。故選A。64.詞義推斷題。根據“Giantpandaswill

facilitate

communicationbetweenpeoplesandletpeoplearoundtheworldknowChinabetter”可知大熊貓會促進人們的溝通，讓世界人們了解中國，facilitate有“促進”的意思，用improve意思相近。故選C。65.推理判斷題。根據“Scientificandeducationaloutreachalsoservesasakeyroleininternationalgiantpandaexchanges,allowingmorepeopletounderstandgiantpandas,whichprovidesverygoodsupportforoureffortsinprotectingwildgiantpandas,”可知最后一段介紹了延伸服務的重要作用。故選B。(2023年福建省中考真題B篇)Whetheryellow,redorwhite,theonionisavegetablethatyoumaynotknowwell.Thelistofitsusesincookingisendless.Peoplehaveusedonionstoaddflavor(味道)totheirfoodsforthousandsofyears.Besidesonions’greattaste,theyareverygoodforyou.Theyhavespecialchemicals(化學物質)thatimproveyourabilitytofightoffsicknessandyouhavefewerchancesofgettingadisease.Nomatterhowgoodonionsareforyou,itisdifficulttocutanonionwithoutyoureyesfillingwithtears!Whenyoucutintoanonion,irritating(刺激性的)chemicalsinsidetheonionwillgetintotheair.Theytouchyourwholeeyesandcausepain.Youreyesmaketearstowashawaythechemicalsandprotectyoureyes.Luckily,cooksandscientistshavediscoveredsomewaystokeepyoufromcryingwhenyoucutuponions:●Cuttheonionunderrunningwater.Thewaterwillwashawaythechemicalsbeforetheycanreachyoureyes.●Useafantoblowairovertheonionasyoucutit.Theairwillblowthechemicalsawayfromyoureyes.●Puttheonioninafridgeforanhourbeforecutting.Thishelpsmakethechemicalsintheonionmoveslowly,sotheymaynoteverreachyoureyes.Ifyoutryoutthesegoodideasandstillcrywhilecuttingonions,don’tworry.Scientiststhinkifyoucutmoreonions,yourbodywillbecomemoreresilienttotheonion’schemicals.Sothetearswillnotlastlong.Ifyouthinkabouthowhealthyonionsare,youmightevencallthosetears“happytears”.31.Onionscanhelpyoufightoffsicknessbecausetheyhave________.A.differentcolors B.manyusesincookingC.greattaste D.specialchemicals32.Whydoyoureyesmaketearswhenyoucutonions?A.Toimprovephysicalcondition. B.Topreventcommondiseases.C.Towashawayirritatingchemicals. D.Tocauseterriblepain.33.Whatcanyoudotostopcryingaccordingtothetext?①Cuttheonionunderrunningwater.②Useafantoblowairovertheonionwhilecutting.③Covertheonionwithapieceofclothasyoucutit.④Puttheonioninafridgeforanhourbeforecutting.A.①②③ B.①②④ C.①③④ D.②③④34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“resilient”inthelastparagraphmeaninChinese?A.疲憊的 B.敏感的 C.適應的 D.虛弱的35.Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanyouprobablyreadthetext?A.Lifeandhealth. B.Languageandculture.C.Businessworld. D.Nationalnews.【答案】31.D32.C33.B34.C35.A【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹洋蔥的好處以及如何切洋蔥時不流眼淚。31.細節理解題。根據“Theyhavespecialchemicals(化學物質)thatimproveyourabilitytofightoffsicknessandyouhavefewerchancesofgettingadisease.”可知，洋蔥含有特殊的化學物質，可以提高你抵抗疾病的能力，減少你生病的機會。故選D。32.細節理解題。根據“Whenyoucutintoanonion,irritating(刺激性的)chemicalsinsidetheonionwillgetintotheair.Theytouchyourwholeeyesandcausepain.Youreyesmaketearstowashawaythechemicalsandprotectyoureyes.”可知，當你切洋蔥時，洋蔥內部的刺激性化學物質會進入空氣中。它們會觸摸你的整個眼睛，引起疼痛。你的眼睛會分泌眼淚來洗掉化學物質，保護你的眼睛。故選C。33.細節理解題。根據“Cuttheonionunderrunningwater.Useafantoblowairovertheonionasyoucutit.Puttheonioninafridgeforanhourbeforecutting.”可知，提到①②④三個方法，故選B。34.詞句猜測題。分析“Scientiststhinkifyoucutmoreonions,yourbodywillbecomemoreresilienttotheonion’schemicals.Sothetearswillnotlastlong.”可知，科學家認為，如果你切更多的洋蔥，你的身體對洋蔥中的化學物質會變得適應，所以眼淚不會持續太久。所以resilient的意思是“適應的”，故選C。35.推理判斷題。本文主要介紹洋蔥的好處以及如何切洋蔥時不哭，所以推測可能在雜志的生活與健康版塊看到這篇文章。故選A。(2023年福建省中考真題D篇)Scientistshavedevelopedawaytoreadminds,translatingunspokenthoughtsintowrittenwords.It’sthefirsttimeit’sbeendonewithouthavingtoputanythingintothebrain.Theyusedartificialintelligence(AI)(人工智能).Itisthenamegiventoacomputersystemthatisableto“think”foritselfandcarryouttasksthatusuallyrequirehumanintelligence.Scientistsusedaspecialscanner(掃描器).Themachinecanseewherebloodruns,whichshowsthepartsofthebrainthataremostactive.Peopletakingpartintheexperiment(實驗)listenedtotheradiofor16hoursastheirbrainswerescanned.TheAItoollearnedtoconnectcertainbrainactivitywithwordstheyheard.Afterthat,eachpersonwasaskedtothinkofastory,andtheAItoolmanagedtopickupthesethoughtsastheyhappened.Theresultshadabouta50%accuracyrate(準確率),althoughtheAIfoundithardtoworkoutthemeaningofpronouns,suchasheorshe,herorhim.Forexample,itturned“Idon’thavemydriver’slicenseyet”into“Shehasnotevenstartedtolearntodriveyet.”Itcouldusuallyunderstandthemeaningofwhatsomeonewasthinkingratherthantheexactwords.TheAIwaspersonalized,sowhenithadlearntfromonepersonbutitwastestedonanother,itcouldn’tunderstandtheirthoughts.Thescientists,whohavebeenworkingonthetechnologyfor15years,saytheyunderstandtherisksofitbeingusedbadly.ScientistJerryTangtoldanewspaper,“Wewanttomakesurepeopleonlyusethesetypesoftechnologieswhentheywantto,andthatithelpsthem.”Thescientistshopeitwillhelppeoplewithcertainmedicalconditions,whoarestillawakebuthavelosttheabilitytospeak,tocommunicateonceagain.41.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inparagraph1referto(指代)?A.Away. B.Anything. C.Thebrain. D.AI.42.Whatisthemainpurposeofparagraph2?A.Todescribetheprocessoftheexperiment. B.Toexplaintheresultsoftheexperiment.C.Tooffersomeopinionsabouttheexperiment. D.Tolistthedifficultieswiththeexperiment.43.Whatdoestheexampleinparagraph3show?A.TheAIismuchclevererthanpeople.B.TheAIdidn’tstarttheworkasitwasordered.C.TheAIcouldn’tunderstandtheexactwordsofwhatpeoplethought.D.TheAIwillbewelldevelopedaccordingtopeople’sspecialneeds.44.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.ItisnotdifficulttotakeAIundercontrol.B.AIwillnotbeusedinaproperwayinthefuture.C.AIissowisethatitcantreatpeoplewithmedicalproblems.D.It’sexpectedthatAIwillhelpthosespeechlessexchangeideas.45.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HighRisksofUsingAI. B.Mind-ReadingDevelopment.C.ImportanceofHumanBrain. D.WaysofImprovingTechnology.【答案】41.D42.A43.C44.D45.B【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹科學家開發出一種讀心的方法，將未說出口的想法轉化為書面文字。41.代詞指代題。分析“Theyusedartificialintelligence(AI)(人工智能).Itisthenamegiventoacomputersystemthatisableto‘think’foritselfandcarryouttasksthatusuallyrequirehumanintelligence.”可知，他們使用了人工智能，它是一種計算機系統的名稱，它能夠自己“思考”，并執行通常需要人類智能才能完成的任務。此處It指的是AI，故選D。42.段落大意題。分析第二段內容可知，本段主要介紹這種特殊的掃描儀的實驗過程，故選A。43.細節理解題。根據“Forexample,itturned‘Idon’thavemydriver’slicenseyet’into‘Shehasnotevenstartedtolearntodriveyet.’Itcouldusuallyunderstandthemeaningofwhatsomeonewasthinkingratherthantheexactwords.”可知，例如，它把“我還沒有駕照”變成了“她甚至還沒有開始學開車。”它通常能理解人們在想什么，而不是確切的話語。故選C。44.推理判斷題。根據“Scientistshavedevelopedawaytoreadminds,translatingunspokenthoughtsintowrittenwords.”和“Thescientistshopeitwillhelppeoplewithcertainmedicalconditions,whoarestillawakebuthavelosttheabilitytospeak,tocommunicateonceagain.”可知，可以將將未說出口的想法轉化為書面文字，科學家們希望它能幫助那些患有某些疾病的人，那些仍然清醒但失去了說話能力的人，再次與人交流。由此可知，預計人工智能將幫助那些啞口無言的人交流思想。故選D。45.最佳標題題。本文主要介紹科學家開發出一種讀心的方法，將未說出口的想法轉化為書面文字。選項B“讀心術的發展”符合主題，故選B。

(2022年福建省中考真題D篇)Successisoftenconsideredtobetheoppositeoffailure.Toteenagers,itistheachievementofagoalorcompletionofsomethingtheyreallyneed,suchasgoodgradesandtheabilitytogetalongwellwiththeirclassmates.Someschoolsusedtoagreewithmostparentswhomeasured(判定)thesuccessoftheirchildrenaccordingtogrades,butnowtheypayspecialattentiontomoral(道德的)educationandcharacter-buildingtomakesureteenagersachievesuccessinbuildinghumanrelationships.Schoolsgivechancestostudentstodiscovertheirhiddenabilitysothattheycanenjoysomeformofsuccess.Forexample,thosegoodatspeakingskillsareadvisedtotakepartinspeechcompetitionswhilethoseinterestedinartsareexpectedtoperforminfrontoftheirclassmates.Teenagersalsogetthepleasureofsuccesswhentheyjointheirfavoriteclubs.Teenagersareoftentoldthatsuccessisnoteasytoachieveandthatsuccessliesinhardwork.Greateffortshavetobeputintoprojectwork.Doingthingsmuchlaterthanplannedshouldbeavoidedasthiswillleadtoamountainofworkwhichfinallymakesthemnervous.Anothergoodquality(品質)isasenseofresponsibilitywhichmakesthemrememberthatataskhastobecompleted.Stickingtomoralvaluesisthekeytosuccesstoo.Honestteenagerswillwinthetrustoffriendsleadingtogoodrelationships.Self-motivation(自我激勵)isanotherqualitytobedeveloped,forself-motivatedteenagerswillhavethestrongwillanddrivetoperformataskandfinallygettoenjoyasenseofachievement.41.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph1referto(指代)?A.Theirclassmates. B.Someschools. C.Mostparents. D.Theirchildren.42.Whyarestudentsgivenchancestotakepartinactivities?A.Togetgoodgrades. B.Toimprovespeakingability.C.Toexpresstheirloveforarts. D.Togetthepleasureofsuccess.43.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A.Projectworkmakesteenagersnervous.B.Goodqualitieswillleadtoahappylife.C.Teenagersareadvisedtocompletetasksintime.D.Takingresponsibilitywillmakeworkmucheasier.44.Whatisimportantformakingstudentsstrongminded?A.Honesty. B.Self-motivation. C.Communication. D.Friends’trust.45.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheValueofMoralEducation B.TheKeytoDiscoveringHiddenAbilityC.TheMeaningofSuccesstoTeenagers D.TheWaytoCommunicatewithOthers【答案】41.B42.D43.C44.B45.C【解析】本文主要介紹了現今老師和學校更加關注道德教育和性格塑造，以確保青少年在建立人際關系方面取得成功，同時介紹了幫助孩子們獲得成功的關鍵是什么。41.詞義猜測題。根據“Someschoolsusedtoagreewithmostparentswhomeasured(判定)thesuccessoftheirchildrenaccordingtogrades,butnowtheypayspecialattentiontomoral(道德的)educationandcharacter-building”可知，一些學校過去同意大多數家長用成績來衡量孩子的成功，但現在他們特別重視道德教育和性格塑造，所以they指代前文提到的someschools，故選B。42.細節理解題。根據“Teenagersalsogetthepleasureofsuccesswhentheyjointheirfavoriteclubs”可知，參加活動是為了獲得成功的樂趣，故選D。43.推理判斷題。根據“Anothergoodquality(品質)isasenseofresponsibilitywhichmakesthemrememberthatataskhastobecompleted”可知，如果孩子們有責任感，這會讓他們記得要按時完成任務，故選C。44.細節理解題。根據“Self-motivation(自我激勵)isanotherqualitytobedeveloped,forself-motivatedteenagerswillhavethestrongwillanddrivetoperformataskandfinallygettoenjoyasenseofachievement”可知，自我激勵的青少年會有堅強的意志，故選B。45.最佳標題題。通讀全文可知，本文圍繞“success成功”這一個詞展開描述，介紹了成功對于孩子們的意義，以及成功的關鍵，所以C選項“成功對青少年的意義”符合本文標題，故選C。(2021福建中考真題D篇)Ifyouhavetodescribeyourselftosomeoneelse,whatwillyousay?Itcanbedifficulttoseeyourselffromtheoutside,butknowingwhoyouare,namelyself-awareness,canhelpyouunderstandfeelingsandmakefriendshipscloser.Self-awarenessmeanshavingagoodunderstandingofourowncharacter,thatis,havingtheabilitytoseeourselvesclearly.Ifyou’reself-aware,youmayknowthatyouloveplayinganinstrumentbecauseyoudowellinit,andmusicmakesyouhappy,orthatyoupreferwatchingTVonyourownbecauseithelpsyourelax.Knowingwhatyoulikeanddislike,whatyoudowellinandwhatyoufinddifficultallowsyoutomakebetterdecisionsaboutfriendships,schoolworkandsoon.Youlearntotrustyourownfeelingsmore,whichbuildsconfidence(信心).TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaysself-awarenessisoneoftenimportantlifeskillsthathelpyoungpeoplelivehappier,healthierlives.Beingself-awaredoesn’tmeanonlythinkingofyourself.Byunderstandingyourownfeelings,youwillbetterunderstandotherpeopletoo.Howdoyoulearntobeself-aware?It’sagoodwaytoaskquestions.Butaskyourselfquestionsthatstartwith“What”insteadof“Why”.Soifyoudon’tunderstandwhyyoukeeparguingwithafriend,askyourselfwhatyoudisagreeoninsteadofwhyyou’rearguing.Learningtobemoreself-awareisaskill,whichmeansyoulearnitasyougrow.Sobeboldandtryoutnewthings,likeplayinganewsportorlisteningtodifferentkindsofmusic.Don’tbeafraidtodislikesomething—discoveringwhatyoufinddifficultisakeypartoflearningmoreaboutyourself.1.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Whatself-awarenessis.B.Whattruehappinessis.C.Howtofindtruehappiness.D.Howtodevelopself-awareness.2.Knowingyourselfisimportantbecause.

A.it’llmakeyouthinkmoreofyourselfB.it’llmakeyouperformbetteratschoolC.it’llhelpyoulearnhowtoaskproperquestionsD.it’llhelpyouhaveabetterunderstandingofothers3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bold”inthelastparagraphprobablymeaninChinese?A.努力的 B.自豪的 C.大膽的 D.耐心的4.What’soneofthekeystobecomingmoreself-aware?A.Beinginhighspirits.B.Discoveringyourweakpoints.C.Havingatasteforpleasantmusic.D.Learningtogetalongwellwithothers.5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.Itcanbehardforyoutoknowyourselfwellfromothers.B.Ittakesalotoftimeandenergytodevelopclosefriendships.C.Itisimportantandnecessaryforyoutomakearightdecision.D.Itisamusttosticktoyouropinionswhenarguingwithothers.本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹什么是自我意識,有自我意識有什么好處以及怎么培養自我意識等。1.A段落大意題。第二段的第一句為主題句,由此可知,第二段主要談論了什么是自我意識。故答案為A。2.D細節理解題。由第三段最后兩句“Beingself-awaredoesn’tmeanonlythinkingofyourself.Byunderstandingyourownfeelings,youwillbetterunderstandotherpeopletoo.”可知,了解自己有助于更好地了解別人。故答案為D。3.C詞義猜測題。由下文的“tryoutnewthings”可知,嘗試新事物需要勇氣。所以推測畫線詞意為“大膽的”。故答案為C。4.B細節理解題。由本文最后一句中的“discoveringwhatyoufinddifficultisakeypartoflearningmoreaboutyourself”可知,發現自己的弱點是提高自我意識的關鍵之一。故答案為B。5.A細節理解題。由第一段第二句中的“Itcanbedifficulttoseeyourselffromtheoutside”可知從別人那兒了解自己是困難的。故答案為A。長難句Itcanbedifficulttoseeyourselffromtheoutside,butknowingwhoyouare,namelyself-awareness,canhelpyouunderstandfeelingsandmakefriendshipscloser.很難從外面看到你自己,但是知道你是誰,也就是自我意識,可以幫助你理解情感并使友誼更親密。本句為并列句,由轉折連詞but連接。前一個分句為It+be+adj.+todosth.結構。后一個分句中,動名詞短語knowingwhoyouare為分句主語。namelyself-awareness為插入語。重點詞匯describev.描述;charactern.性格;instrumentn.樂器;arguev.爭論詞匯積累confidencen.信心(2020福建中考真題D篇)Fromtinyseeds(種子),greatdiscoveriesgrow.Amini-gardencarriedonChina’sChang’e4moonlanderrecentlybecamehometothefirstplanttogrowonanotherworld.ThisisyetanothersuccessforChang’e4.OnJanuary2,theprobe(探測器)becamethefirstlandertotouchdownonthefarsideofthemoon.Thisistheunknownfaceofthemoonthatisalwayslookingawayfromus,soweneverseeitfromdownhereontheearth.Althoughitisoftenregardedasthedarksideofthemoon,thefarsideactuallygetsasmuchsunshineasthenearside.Forexample,whenallwecanseeisasilversilverofanewmoon,thefarsideofthemoonisinfullsunlight.PartofChang’e4’smission(使命)istoseehowamoonbasecouldbebuiltforhumans,includingexploring(探索)whetherhumanscouldgrowfoodandotherplantproductsthere.Chang’e4carriedamini-gardenwithair,waterandsoilwithseedsplantedinit.Whenplantsshootontheearth,theirstemsgrowawayfromthegravity(theforcethatkeepsyourfeetontheground),andsotheyalwaysshootupwards.Themoon’sgravityisasixthasstrongastheearth’s,soChang’e4’sexperimentwasatest:wouldtheearthplantsknowwhichwaywasuponthemoon?Fourdaysafterlanding,atinycottonshootshowedthattheydo.Nighthasnowfallenonthefarsideofthemoon;sunlightwillnotreturnuntilthestartofFebruary.Asaresult,thecottonshootsdied.Besidesthedarkness,theplantscan’tstandthecold(itcandropto-170℃onthemoonatnight).However,theexperimentisasuccess,sinceithasprovedthatitispossibleforplantstogrowinspace.1.Thetextismainlyabout.

A.anothersuccessforChang’e4 B.Chang’e4moonlanderC.tinyseedsinthesoil D.thestepsofanexperiment2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutChang’e4?A.Itcarriedamini-garden.B.Itlandedonthenearsideofthemoon.C.Itexploredthemoonbase.D.Itfoundplantsonthemoon.3.Fromthetextwecanknowthat.

A.thefarsideofthemoongetslesssunlightB.wecanseethefarsideofthemoonfromtheearthC.thestemsfailtogrowawayfromtheearth’sgravityD.theearthplantsknowthewaytogrowonthemoon4.Whatcanbeinferred(推理)fromthetext?A.Plantscanbegrownonthemoonsoon.B.Itisperfecttodoexperimentsonthemoon.C.Thecottonshootscanlast4daysonthemoon.D.WecanseeanewmoonatthestartofFebruary.5.Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanyoureadthetext?A.Healthandsport. B.Historyandculture.C.Scienceandtechnology. D.Populationandenvironment.本文為說明文。嫦娥四號登月器上攜帶的小型花園成了第一棵生長在另一個星球上的植物的家園——這也是嫦娥四號的另一個成功。1.A主旨大意題。由文章的首段第二句和第二段首句可知,文章主要講嫦娥四號攜帶的小型花園成為月球上第一棵植物的家園,這是嫦娥四號的又一個成功。故選A。2.A細節理解題。由文章第一段第二句“Amini-gardencarriedonChina’sChang’e4moonlanderrecentlybecamehometothefirstplanttogrowonanotherworld.”可知A項正確。B項中應是“farsideofthemoon”,故錯誤;文章不曾提及它探索月球基地,故C項錯誤;文中并未提及在月球上發現植物,故排除D。3.D推理判斷題。從第二段第四句中的“thefarsideactuallygetsasmuchsunshineasthenearside”可知A項錯誤;從第二段第三句中的“weneverseeitfromdownhereontheearth”可知B項錯誤;從第三段第三句可知C項錯誤;從第三段最后兩句中棉花的例子可知植物知道在月球上的生長方向,故D項正確。4.D推理判斷題。從第二段最后一句和第四段第一句中的“sunlightwillnotreturnuntilthestartofFebruary”可知,二月初,陽光會照射月球背面,我們能看到新月,故D正確。5.C推理判斷題。由全文主要內容可知,本文介紹了嫦娥四號探測器上做的種子生長實驗,屬于科技話題,故選C。長難句PartofChang’e4’smissionistoseehowamoonbasecouldbebuiltforhumans,includingexploringwhetherhumanscouldgrowfoodandotherplantproductsthere.嫦娥四號的部分任務是了解如何為人類建成一個月球基地,包括探索人類是否可以在那里種植糧食和其他植物產品。這是一個主從復合句,how和whether均引導賓語從句。重點詞匯plantn.植物v.種植;althoughconj.雖然,盡管;forexample例如;includingprep.包含;soiln.土壤;returnv.回來,歸還;besidesprep.除……之外(還)詞匯積累landern.著陸器;actuallyadv.事實上;shootn.幼苗;experimentn.實驗;darknessn.黑暗一模試題（2024年福建省福州市中考一模B篇）Morsecode(摩斯密碼)isasystemofcommunicationthatusesdots(shortmarks),dashes(longmarks),andspacestorepresent(代表)theletters,numbers,andpunctuation.Lettersusedoften(suchas“E”)gotasimplecode,whilethosenotoftenused(suchas“Q”)gotalongerandmorecomplexcode.TheveryfirstmessageusingMorsecodewassentbySamuelMorse,oneofitsinventors,toAlfredVailonMay24th,1844.Thetwomenwere40milesapartatthetime.Fromthenon,thewaytocommunicatewithpeopleinfar-offplaceswaschanged.Morsecodeisahighlydependablecommunicationmethod,evenindifficultandnoisyenvironments.Itcanbesentbysounds,light,orotherunexpectedways.JeremiahAndrewDentonJr.wasaprisonerofwarbetween1965and1973.Asahigh-rankingoffic