GapFillingTechniques

--七選五解題策略指導

TeachingAims:1.Knowledgeaim:Letstudentsunderstandthecharacteristicsofgap-filling.2.Abilityaims:1.Letstudentsgraspsomestrategiesofdoinggap-filling.2.Enablestudentstousetheseskillswhiledoinggap-filling.3.Emotionaim:Letstudentsattachmoreimportancetogap-filling.Yousaythatyouloverain,butyouopenyour____________whenitrains...Yousaythatyoulovethesun,butyoufindashadowspotwhenthe_____shines...Yousaythatyoulovethewind,Butyou_______yourwindowswhenwindblows...Thisis______Iamafraid;Yousaythatyoulovemetoo...Apoem:Iamafraidumbrellasunclosewhy轉折關系轉折關系因果關系考綱解讀主要考查考生對文章的整體內容和結構以及上下文邏輯銜接意義的理解和把握。2Cluewords3Logic1StructureReadingStrategies1.Structuralcohesion(結構銜接)(Analyzethestructure)2.Logicalcohesion（邏輯銜接）(Analyzesemanticrelations)3.Lexicalcohesion（詞匯銜接）(Markkeywords)考綱解讀主要考查考生對文章的整體內容和結構以及上下文邏輯銜接意義的理解和把握。Tip1:Analyzethestructure28.(2018全國Ⅱ卷)

●Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawake…●Yourmetabolism(新陳代謝)getsaheadstart.…●39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.A.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.B.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.C.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.有標識符號●，顯然是個小標題同類標題句式結構相同7個選項中只有A、B和C行文標志

29.(2016全國Ⅱ卷)…Itstartswithlookinginsideyourself…andhowyouapproachthegardeningprocess.●__37__

Somepeoplemaythinkthatagarden…Othersareconcernedaboutusinggardeningmethods…

However,thereareanumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden…●Recall(回憶)yourchildhoodmemoriesOurmodelofwhatagarden…有標識符號●，顯然是個小標題同類標題句式結構相同祈使句祈使句選項中僅有兩個是祈使句A.Knowwhyyougarden.B.Findagoodplaceforyourowngarden.11.Daydreamershaveabadreputationforbeingunawareofwhat’shappeningaroundthem.Theycanseemforgetfulandclumsy._____Theyannoyusbecausetheyseemtobeignoringusandmissingtheimportantthings.B.Theystareoffintospaceandwanderbythemselves.D.Daydreamsareoftenverysimpleanddirect,quiteunlikesleepdreams,whichmaybehardtounderstand.Bparallelstructure平行結構12._____.Tellthepersonyou’resorryandexplainthatyouhaveamillionthingstodoandthenaskifthetwoofyoucantalkatadifferenttime.A.Ifyouarebusy,don’tfeelbadaboutsayingnoB.SetboundariesforyourselfasfarasyourtimegoesC.It’simportantthatyouletthemknowwhenyou’llbeavailableATopicsentence-atthebeginningofaparagraph13.NowadaysinChina,parentscareabouttheirchildren’seducationmorethananythingelse.Theyspendalotcoachingtheirchildrenintheirstudies.Someevenhireteachersfortheirchildren.Manyhavetheirchildrensenttoafter-classschools.______.A.Itseemsasifabettereducationisallthatparentsexpectfortheirchildren.B.Skillsandknowledgemeanscompetition.C.Skillsandknowledgedoesn’tmeanall.Aspendalotcoachinghireteachers…send…toafter-classschoolscareabouteducationexpectbettereducationConclusionsentence-attheendofaparagraph14.Havingtroublesleepingwell?Therearemanythingsthatcankeepapersonupatnight,andwhilesomecausesofinsomnia(失眠)areoutsideourcontrol,someofthemcanbemanaged._____Emptyyourmind....Writeoutyourworries....Stayhealthy....B.It’ssillytoexpectyourmindtostopworrying.D.Herearesometipstohelpyoucalmdownbeforegoingtobed.BTransitionalsentenceArtprovidesawaytocommunicateexperienceswhenpeoplelackverbalskills._____Arttheraphyisfoundedontheassumptionthateveryoneiscreativeandcapableofself-expression.B.Thus,themanybenefitsofcreativeself-expressionarelost.C.Theydevelopartasanexpressiveskillforsolvingproblems.CTransitionalsentenceTip1:Analyzestructure標題：精煉，引領全文，首字母大寫副標題：短小精悍（多為動詞短語、名詞短語、祈使句等,多與其它副標題形式一致）段首：引出概括整段段中：承上啟下，過渡,舉例......段尾：總結升華，承上啟下Tip2Markkeywords2.(2018全國Ⅲ卷)“Iadoredancing,”saysLesterBridges…“Ican’timaginedoinganythingelsewithmylife.”Bridgesrunsdanceclassesforallages.“Teachingdancingiswonderful.___37___It’sgreattowatchthem.Formanyofthem,it’sawayofmeetingpeopleandhavingasociallife.”D.Myolderstudentssayitmakesthemfeelyoung.F.Dancingseemstochangetheirfeelingcompletely.3.(2019全國Ⅲ卷)●____37____Questionsaboutsubjectcontentaregenerallywelcomed.Beforeaskingquestionsaboutthecoursedesign,readthesyllabus(教學大綱)andlearningmanagementsysteminformationtobesuretheanswerisn’thidinginplainsight.D.Rememberthatonlineprofessorsgetalotofemails.G.Askquestions,butmakesuretheyaregood,thoughtfulquestions.詞匯手段8.(2012全國卷)Getsupport.Whenyouneedhelp,reachouttothepeoplewhocareaboutyou.Talktoatrustedadult,suchasaparentorotherrelatives.____72____Theymighthavehadsimilarproblems,suchasdealingwithatest,orthedeathofabelovedpet.E.Youneedtofigureoutwhattheproblemis.F.Anddon’tforgetaboutyourfriends.詞語同現10.(2016全國Ⅰ卷)

40However,itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.Socodesmustbechangedfrequently.A.Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.B.Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.解析：因空后句中itisalsohardto…與選項A中Itisveryhardto…是結構復現，特別是also是重要標志詞；將選項A代入文中，前后意義銜接。結構復現重要標志詞1.?______Questionsaboutsubjectcontentaregenerallywelcomed.Beforeaskingquestionsaboutthecoursedesign,readthesyllabus(教學大綱)andlearningmanagementsysteminformationtobesuretheanswerisn’thidinginplainsight.B.Turntoanonlineinstructorforhelp.G.Askquestions,butmakesuretheyaregood,thoughtfulquestions.Gthesamewords原詞2._____Havingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwell-being.A.Learntoreallytrustyourself.C.Stopregardingyourselfasthevictim.Asimilarwords近義詞3.(2021全國卷II)Ifyoucan’ttaketheirwineaway,youshouldcertainlytrytotakeawaytheirsoapbox(講臺).Ifyou’rethehost,youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthesituation.______.E.OrturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosayG.HeorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemostEpronouns代詞4.(2014課標卷I)?CuriosityYourchildrenneedtobedeeplycurious.______Askkids,“Whatingredientscanweaddtomakethesepancakesevenbetternexttime?”Whatcouldwetrynexttime?A.Encouragekidstocookwithyou.B.Andwecan’tforgetscienceeducation.Bwordsofthesamerange同疇詞fruit:apple,orange,lemonschool:teacher,student,classroom5.OnCampingtrips,peopledon’tjuststayintheirtentsthewholeday._____Theseincludebirdwatching,hiking,mountainclimbing,swimming,andplayinggameswithkids.A.Campingtripsareinexpensivecomparedtoregularvacations.C.Theycandolotsofenjoyableandworthwhileactivities.G.Activitiesshouldbecolorful.CTips:Cluewordsdon’tnecessarilymeanthecorrectanswer.Weshouldalsoconsiderthelogic.Tip3:Analyzesemantic

logic6.Parentsshouldhelptheirchildrenunderstandmoney.______Soyoumaystarttalkingaboutmoneywhenyourchildshowsaninterestinbuyingthings,candyortoys,forexample.D.Tellyourchildwhyhecan—orcannot—havecertainthings.

F.Talkabouthowthemoneyboughtthethingafteryouleavethetoystore.

G.Thebesttimetoteachachildanythingaboutmoneyiswhenheshowsaninterest.

G因果關系Linkingwords:because,since,so/therefore,thus,consequently,asaresult(of)...7.Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography(密碼術)._____Forexample,thefirstlettersof“Myelephanteatstoomanyeels”Spelloutthehiddenmessage“Meetme.”C.Only

people

who

know

the

keyword

can

read

the

message.E.You

can

hide

a

message

by

having

the

first

letters

of

each

word

spell

it

out.E舉例Linkingwords:forexample,forinstance,suchas...

8.Mostbusinessesseektomakeaprofit—thataimtoachieveincomethatismorethanthecostsofoperatingthebusiness.____Commonlycallednonprofits,theseorganizationsareprimarilynongovernmentalserviceproviders.C.Examplesofnonprofitbusinessesincludesuch

organizationsassocialserviceagenciesandmanyhospitals.D.However,somebusinessesonlyseektoearnenoughtocovertheiroperatingcosts.D轉折Linkingwords:but,however,yet,while,instead,still,onthecontrary,

...

9.Thebuildupofdangerouschemicalsinthegroundisanotherformoflandpollution.Thechemicalsmaycomefromfarmsorfactories.____Theymayevenharmpeoplewhoeatthepollutedplantsandanimals.C.Theyalsocanharmfishandotherformsoflife.D.Thesechemicalscanspreadtoplantsandanimals.D并列遞進Linkingwords:even,also,besides,inaddition...10.Anotherwayofsettingrealisticgoalsistoanalyzeyourshortandlongtermobjectives,keepinginmindyourbeliefs,valuesandstrengths.Rememberthatgoalsareflexible._____Theyalsoneedtobemeasurable.Youmustkeepthesepointsinmindwhilesettingyourgoals.C.However,thisshouldnotdiscourageyou.D.Sowhyshouldwetrytosetspecificgoals?E.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.E解釋Linkingwords:inotherwords,orrather(更確切的說),thatis(tosay)...11.(2020年全國Ⅲ卷)____37____Somepeopleregisteralistofthingstheywantorneedfortheirnewhomeatalocalstoreorstores.Somecommonthingspeoplewillputonagiftregistryincludekitchentools...Evenifthereisn’taregistry,agoodhousewarminggiftissomethingtodecoratethenewhousewith...分總總分關系B.Itistraditionaltobringagifttoahousewarmingparty.D.Ifyou’reluckyenoughtoreceivegifts,keeptheminasafeplace.14.(2015全國Ⅰ卷)…lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.40Instead,it’sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.D.Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.G.Seeingthepositivesideofthingsdoesn’tmeanyou’reignoringwhathappened.表明前后為轉折關系原詞復現轉折關系17.(2019全國Ⅱ卷)Youalsoneedtojudgethequalityanddepthofyourmotivation.Thisisquiteimportant,becauseitisdirectlyrelatedtoyourcommitment.Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.____38____So,slowdownandthinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatmoment.Clarity(清晰)ofthoughtscanhelpyoumoveforward.A.Thiscanaffectyourwork.E.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.因果因果關系解析：空前句是Trustis…，空后句也是Trustis…，因此，正確選項很可能也是Trustis…,三句并列，構成排比句；瀏覽各選項，只有選項B符合，其中It指代trust，故選B項。

20.(2015全國Ⅰ卷)Trustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences.__36__Trustisarisk…

A.Learntoreallytrustyourself.B.Itisputtingconfidenceinsomeone.

并列或排比關系并列關系SummaryClueswords原詞，近義詞，同疇詞，代詞213Structures平行結構，主旨句，總結句，過渡句Logic因果，轉折，并列遞進，舉例，順承，解釋，對比Tips:Gapfillingistotestthestudents’comprehensiveability.Types

of

choicesstructural

choicesdetailed

choicesrepetitionpronouns反義復現并列/遞進因果同義復現轉折/讓步logical

wordsREVIEWTypes

of

choicesstructural

choicesdetailed

choicestransitionconclusion

transitionbeginningtopic

sentencesmiddleendtransitionREVIEWTypes

of

choicesstructuralchoicesdetailedchoicesmiddlerepetition反

義復現beginning同

義復現pronounslogical

words轉折/讓步transition并列/遞進conclusion

transitionendtopic

sentencetransition因果REVIEWAllskillsmakenosenseifyoudon’tmemorizewordsandphrases.單詞不背，技巧白費！Consolidation1Swap,Don’tshop!Youkeephearingaboutrecycling,right?Butitdoesn'tendwithbottles,cans,andpaper.Clothingtakesahugeamountofnaturalresourcestomake,andbuyingloadsofnewclothing（orthrowingoutoldclothing）isnothealthyfortheenvironment.Sowhattodowithallthoseperfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-themclothespiledonyourbedroomfloor?1.____.It'sthebestwaytogetridofyourusedclothes,scoreclothesfromyourfriends,andhaveapartyallatthesametime.B代詞解釋關系A.Lesspeoplethanthat

B.Holdaclothingswap

C.IftwopeoplearecompetingD.Justkeepmusicplayingthroughout

E.DonatewhateverclothesareleftoverF.Haveeveryoneputtheirclothesintherightspots

G.Telleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodcondition段首引出主題Swap問題—解決方案—好處：具體做法A.Lesspeoplethanthat

C.IftwopeoplearecompetingD.Justkeepmusicplayingthroughout

E.DonatewhateverclothesareleftoverF.Haveeveryoneputtheirclothesintherightspots

G.TelleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodconditionAsuccessfulswapdependsontheselectionofclothes,theorganizationoftheevent,and,obviously,howmuchfunishad.It'sreallyeasytodo!Hereareafewpointers.●Invite5—10peoplesoyouhaveaniceselection.2._____,andtheremaynotbeenoughthingstochoosefrom;morethanthat,anditbecomesuncontrollable.●3._____.Theyshouldalsoprepareplentyofreusablebagstocarrytheir"new"clotheshome.A原詞因果、對比平行結構D.Justkeepmusicplayingthroughout

E.DonatewhateverclothesareleftoverF.Haveeveryoneputtheirclothesintherightspots

G.TelleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodconditionAsuccessfulswapdependsontheselectionofclothes,theorganizationoftheevent,and,obviously,howmuchfunishad.It'sreallyeasytodo!Hereareafewpointers.●Invite5—10peoplesoyouhaveaniceselection.2._____,andtheremaynotbeenoughthingstochoosefrom;morethanthat,anditbecomesuncontrollable.●3._____.Theyshouldalsoprepareplentyofreusablebagstocarrytheir"new"clotheshome.A原詞遞進關系G不是主題句D.Justkeepmusicplayingthroughout

E.DonatewhateverclothesareleftoverF.Haveeveryoneputtheirclothesintherightspots

●Putdifferenttypesofclothingondifferentsurfacesintheroom.4.____.Placeafewmirrorsaroundyourroomsopeoplecanseehowthingslookwhentheytrythemon.Oneofthegroundrulesoftheswapshouldbethateveryonemusttryontheclothesbeforetheytakethem—thingsalwayslookdifferentwhenyouputthemon.F原詞順承關系D.Justkeepmusicplayingthroughout

E.Donatewhateverclothesareleftover●Setastartingtime.Maybeyousay“go,”orturnonacertainsong,orwhatever.5.____.Anddon'tforgettoputoutsomecookiesandfruits.Remember,it'saparty!E近義詞A．MessagewithemojisfeelmoreconversationalB．EvenaformalemailcanseemcoldandunfriendlyC．SendingsmilingfacestocolleaguesmayseemstrangeD．ThepopularityoftheseplatformsisspreadinggloballyE.GivingemployeesthetoolsenablesthemtocommunicatehonestlyF.StudiesshowthatfriendliercommunicationleadstoahappierworkplaceG.AneasywaytobringallworkgenerationstogetheriswithachatplatformEmoji(表情符號)andWorkplaceCommunicationInAsia,messagingplatformsaregrowingrapidly,withusersinthehundredsofmillions,bothatworkandplay.

1.____.It’sbeenreportedthat76percentofemployeesinsomewesterncountriesareusingemojisatwork.D代詞過渡句，承上啟下A．MessagewithemojisfeelmoreconversationalB．EvenaformalemailcanseemcoldandunfriendlyC．SendingsmilingfacestocolleaguesmayseemstrangeE.GivingemployeesthetoolsenablesthemtocommunicatehonestlyF.StudiesshowthatfriendliercommunicationleadstoahappierworkplaceG.AneasywaytobringallworkgenerationstogetheriswithachatplatformWrittencommunicationscanoftenreadascoldanddull.Usingemojiscanaddhumorandfeeling,keepingintentionclear.

2._____,encouragingbetterandmorefrequentcommunication.A文字交流的缺點表情的好處加上表情的信息的好處B．EvenaformalemailcanseemcoldandunfriendlyC．SendingsmilingfacestocolleaguesmayseemstrangeE.GivingemployeesthetoolsenablesthemtocommunicatehonestlyF.StudiesshowthatfriendliercommunicationleadstoahappierworkplaceG.AneasywaytobringallworkgenerationstogetheriswithachatplatformInanygivenoffice,employeescanrangefromage22to70andbeyond,andfindingcommongroundincommunicationstylecanbeachallenge.

3.______.Whiletheyoungergenerationsprefertocommunicatevisually,forthoseusedtoworkingwithtraditionaltoolslikeemail,itmayfeellikealearningcurve(曲線).Thegoodnewsisthatit’ssimpletolearnandcanbeworththeeffort.G同疇詞問題—解決方案—效果B.EvenaformalemailcanseemcoldandunfriendlyC.SendingsmilingfacestocolleaguesmayseemstrangeE.GivingemployeesthetoolsenablesthemtocommunicatehonestlyF.StudiesshowthatfriendliercommunicationleadstoahappierworkplaceThereisalsothematteroftone(語氣).Whohasn’treceivedanemailsoannoyingthatitruinedanentireday?

4._____.Emojicanhelpcommunicationfeelfriendlier,andevenaseriousnotecanbesoftenedwithanencouragingsmile.B遞進關系C.SendingsmilingfacestocolleaguesmayseemstrangeE.GivingemployeesthetoolsenablesthemtocommunicatehonestlyF.Studiesshowthatfriendliercommunicationleadstoahappierworkplace5._____,andemojicancontributedirectlytothatpositiveoutcome.Andwhenyouremployeesbeginaddingsmiling