高級句式升級非謂語動詞PARTONE動詞與主語之間構成邏輯上的主謂關系doing功能：

doing形式所表達的動詞與主語之間構成邏輯上的主謂關系。e.g.1>Recognizingwhothecustomerwas,themanagerwasmostapologeticandreprimandedtheassistantseverely.2>Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.3>Ignoringherwords,themanwalkedawayquickly.1.我小心翼翼地打開信,希望能找到一些有關錢包主人身份的線索。（doing形式）Iopenedthelettercarefully,hopingforsomecluetotheidentityoftheownerofthewallet.小心翼翼

：錢包主人：身份的線索：carefullytheownerofthewalletsomecluetotheidentity2.他聚精會神地聽著,咬著嘴唇,眼睛盯著地板。（doing形式）Helistenedwithcloseattention,bitinghislipsandstaringatthefloor.聚精會神地

：咬著嘴唇：眼睛盯著地板：withcloseattentionbitinghislipsstaringatthefloor2.他聚精會神地聽著,咬著嘴唇,眼睛盯著地板。（doing形式）Helistenedwithcloseattention,bitinghislipsandstaringatthefloor.聚精會神地

：咬著嘴唇：眼睛盯著地板：withcloseattentionbitinghislipsstaringatthefloor3.“當然有圣誕老人啊”,奶奶說道,一邊用手指撥弄著我的頭發。（doing形式）"Ofcourse,thereisaSantaClause."Grandmasaid,strokingherfingersthroughmyhair.用手指撥弄著我的頭發

：strokingherfingersthroughmyhair4.她感到累極了,坐在溪邊,讓疼痛的雙腳放松一下。（doing形式）Shefeltexhaustedandsatbythestream,restingherachingfeet.累極了：坐在溪邊：疼痛的雙腳：exhaustedsatbythestreamachingfeet5.Jane覺得冷得無法忍受,精疲力竭,完全不知道該如何應對這種可怕的情況。（doing形式）Feelingunbearablycoldandextremelyexhausted,Janewasquiteatalossastohowtocopewiththeterriblesituation.冷得無法忍受：精疲力竭：完全不知道：unbearablycoldextremelyexhaustedbequiteataloss6.他屏住呼吸,盡力不發出任何聲音,免得讓人知道他來了。（doing形式）Heheldhisbreath,tryingtonotmaketheslightestsoundthatmightbetrayhispresence.屏住呼吸：發出任何聲音：他來了：heldhisbreathmaketheslightestsoundhispresence7.好奇心切,她從河岸邊跑開,穿過田野去追兔子。（doing形式）Burningwithcuriosity,sheranawayfromtheriverbankandacrossthefieldtochaseaftertherabbit.好奇心切：穿過田野：追兔子：Burningwithcuriosityacrossthefieldchaseaftertherabbit8.他痛苦地喘著氣,強迫自己站了起來,邁著緩慢的步子,搖搖晃晃地開始走。（doing形式）Gaspingwithpain,heforcedhimselftohisfeetandwithslow,shakysteps,begantowalk.痛苦地喘著氣：強迫：搖搖晃晃：GaspingwithpainforcedshakyPARTTWOdone形式功能：

done形式所表達的動詞與主語之間構成邏輯上的被動關系。e.g.1>Scoldedbytheteacher,heburstintotears.2>Ayoungmancametothepolicestation,surroundedbyagroupofjournalists.1.他又沮喪又低落,低著頭,走在隊伍的最后。（done形式）Depressedandlow-spirited,hewalkedattheendofthelinewithhisheaddrooping.沮喪又低落：低著頭：隊伍的最后：Depressedandlow-spiritedwithhisheaddroopingattheendoftheline2.她穿著圣誕老人的服裝,悄悄溜進房間,沒有被看到。（done形式）DressedinaSantaClauscostume,sheslippedintotheroomwithoutbeingnoticed.穿著：溜進房間：沒有被看到：Dressedinslippedintotheroomwithoutbeingnoticed3.Ronny沉浸在強烈的恐懼感中,一句話也說不出來。（done形式）Immersedinastrongsenseofscare,Ronnycouldn'tutterasingleword.沉浸在：強烈的恐懼感：一句話也說不出來：Immersedinastrongsenseofscarecouldn'tutterasinglewordPARTTHREEhavingdone形式功能：

havingdone表示分詞動作發生在謂語動詞之前，常譯為“在......之后；已經......了”。e.g.1>Havingwalkedforquitealongtime,shefoundherselflost.2>Havingfailedthreetimes,hedidn’twanttotryagain.1.在家整整復習了一個周末，他滿懷信心地期待即將到來的考試。（havingdone形式）Havingreviewedhislessonsforawholeweekendathome,heexpectedthecomingexamwithconfidence.復習：滿懷信心地：即將到來的考試：reviewedhislessonswithconfidence.thecomingexam2.她接連經歷了那么多次失敗后，終于振作起來了。（havingdone形式）Havingexperiencedsomanyfailuresoneafteranother,shefinallypickedherselfup.接連：那么多次失敗：振作起來：oneafteranothersomanyfailurespickedherselfup3.在銀行排隊等了一個小時后，這個女人變得不耐煩，然后離開了。（havingdone形式）Havingwaitedinlineforanhouratthebank,thewomangrewimpatientandleft.排隊：在銀行：變得不耐煩：waitedinlineatthebankgrewimpatient4.她在街上漫無目的地逛上好幾個小時，感到有點餓，想吃點東西。（havingdone形式）Havingwonderedaimlesslyinthestreetforhours,shefeltalittlehungryandwishedforsomethingtoeat.漫無目的地逛：感到有點餓：想吃點東西：wonderedaimlesslyfeltalittlehungrywishedforsomethingtoeat.5.說出真相后，他心里輕松了很多，心情放松地回家了。（havingdone形式）Havingtoldthetruth,hefelteasierinhismindandreturnedhomewithalighterheart.心里輕松了：心情放松地：回家了：felteasierinhismindwithalighterheartreturnedhome6.做好充分準備后，她站在窗邊，期待著女兒的到來。（havingdone形式）Havingmadefullpreparations,shestoodbythewindow,expectingthearrivalofherdaughter.做好充分準備：站在窗邊：女兒的到來：madefullpreparationsstoodbythewindowthearrivalofherdaughterPARTFOURwith復合結構功能：

with復合結構表示原因、結果或伴隨狀態，其構成形式為：with+賓語+賓語補足語。e.g.1>Shefeltasleepwiththelightburning.2>Withallthethingsbought,theyheadedforthechurch.1.女孩微笑著,長發在微風中飄動。（with復合結構）Thegirlsmiledwithherlonghairflowinginthebreeze.在微風中：飄動：inthebreeze.flowing2.他的妻子傷心極了,眼里滿是淚水。（with復合結構）Hiswifewasindeepsorrowwithhereyesfilledwithtears.傷心極了：眼里滿是淚水：indeepsorrowwithhereyesfilledwithtears3.天亮時Jane醒了,覺得頭暈暈的。（with復合結構）ItwasdaybreakwhenJanewok