詞匯的選擇與錘煉

1.替換常用簡單詞(短語)

(1)名詞(短語)變換

機會chance→opportunity

選擇choice→alternative

課程course→curriculum

影響effect→influence/impact

后果result→consequence

缺點shortcoming→drawback

方法way→approach

職業job→career/profession

建議advice→guidance

問題problem→issue

老人oldpeople→theelderly/theaged/seniorcitizens

youngpeople

青少年

→youngsters/youths/adolescents

幾天前afewdaysago→theotherday

(2)動詞(短語)變換

看見see→catchsightof

遇見meet→comeacross

喜歡like→haveapassionfor/befondof/haveanaffectionfor

引起cause→leadto/resultin/giveriseto

擁有have→possess

提高develop/improve→promote

替代replace→substitute

注意到notice→spot

完成finish→accomplish

面對face→befacedwith/beconfrontedwith

容忍bear→tolerate/putupwith

處理dealwith→copewith

使某人makesb.realize→raisesb.’s

意識到awarenessof

決定decide→determine/makeupone’smind

考慮consider→takeintoconsideration/account

應該should→besupposedto

理解understand→makesenseof/figureout

使用use→employ/makeuseof/takeadvantageof

道歉apologize→makeanapology

記住remember→keepinmind

發生happen→occur/comeabout

想起thinkof→occurto/comeupwith

感謝thank→appreciate

幫助某人helpsb.→dosb.afavor

節省save→setaside

參觀visit→payavisitto

分發handout→distribute

站起來standup→risetoone’sfeet

由……組成bemadeupof→consistof/becomposedof

習慣于beusedto→beaccustomedto

一定besuretodo→beboundtodo

反對beagainst→objectto

厭煩beboredwith→befedupwith

忙于bebusywith→beoccupiedwith/beengagedin

聞名befamousfor→haveareputationfor

感到舒服feelcomfortable→feelatease

美化校園maketheschoolbeautiful→beautifytheschool

想做某事wanttodosth.→intend/desiretodosth.

照看lookafter→attendto

盡力做

tryone’sbesttodosth.→sparenoefforttodosth.

某事

向某人

asksb.forhelp→turntosb.forhelp

尋求幫助

(3)形容詞變換

令人驚

surprising→amazing/astonishing/shocking

奇的

貧窮的poor→needy/poverty-stricken

優秀的excellent→outstanding

明顯的obvious→apparent/evident

常見的common→universal

充足的enough→adequate

勤奮的hard-working→diligent

可用的useable→available

困難的difficult→challenging

堅強的strong→tough

重要的important→significant/vital

不可能的impossible→outofthequestion

有趣的;

有吸引interesting→absorbing/striking/appealing

力的

小心謹

careful→cautious

慎的

幸運的lucky→fortunate

巨大的large→enormous

合適的proper→appropriate

豐富的rich→abundant

古老的old→ancient

唯一的only→unique

全部的whole→entire

富裕的rich→wealthy

許多的many→alargequantity/numberof

有空的free→available

有益處的useful→beofbenefit

高興的glad→delighted

激動的excited→thrilled

壞的bad→disgusting/awful

著名的famous→distinguished/well-known

(4)其他詞(組)變換

突然suddenly→allofasudden

立即immediately→inaflash

有時sometimes→occasionally/onceinawhile/fromtimetotime

另外;

besides→inaddition/what’smore/moreover

況且

因此so→therefore

第一;

first→tobeginwith/startwith/firstofall

首先

第二;

second→inaddition/what’smore

其次

最終finally→eventually/ultimately

關于about→concerning

也too→aswell

否則or→otherwise

事實上infact→asamatteroffact

故意地onpurpose→bydesign/deliberately

總之inaword→tosumup/inconclusion/insummary

因為becauseof→onaccountof/dueto/owingto/thanksto

【典型例句】

①Ontheonehand,toomuchpraisemightleadtochildren’slackofenthusiasmtoexplorenew

things(缺乏探索新事物的熱情),fortheyareafraidtheywon’tmeetparents’expectations(滿足

父母的期望).

②Consideringtheenormousbenefits(考慮到巨大的益處),whichwecanearnsteadilyfrom

tennispractice,includingpreventingusfromgettingshort-sighted(防止我們近視)andhelping

uskeepphysicallyhealthy,wearelostinthetrainingcourse.

【拓展訓練】

①Thespecialdayallowspeopletoshowtheirloveandaffectionfor(對……表達愛和情感)

theirfathers.

②It’sadvisable/wise(是明智的)forpeopletousetheircellphonesmore

appropriately/properly(更恰當地).

③Withoutsufficientpreparation(沒有充分的準備),youcanhardlyexpecttoanswerallthe

questionscorrectlyandobtainsatisfactorymarks,letalonebeadmittedintoadesirable

university(夢想的大學).

④TracysaidshehadalreadyinformedSusanof(通知蘇珊)thechangeoftheappointment.

⑤PeoplegenerallythoughtitimpossiblefortheChineseteamtowinthechampionshipintheRio

OlympicGames,buttheyovercamemanyhurdles(克服許多障礙)andeventuallyworked

miracles/wonders(最終創造了奇跡).

⑥DramaNightisscheduledto(預定)beheldontheeveningofnextFridayinthetheatrehall.

⑦Additionally(此外),havingbeenawardedscholarshiptwiceinourschool,Ihaveexcellent

academicperformance(極好的學術成就).

⑧Thisphenomenonhasbecomeaconcern/focus(成為焦點)wemustfacetodaybecauseof

manyseriousconsequences(許多嚴重后果)causedbyimproperuseofcellphones.

2.變化所用詞的詞性

在作文中,可以通過改變一個詞的詞性,使文章富有變化,讓閱卷者感受到考生對詞匯

各種用法的掌握水平和靈活運用的程度。常見的變化詞性的策略有名詞變動詞、動詞變名詞、

形容詞變名詞等。

(1)名詞變動詞

Peopleareconcernedaboutthegradualdisappearanceofthetraditionalvalues.

→Peopleareconcernedbecausethetraditionalvaluesaregraduallydisappearing.

傳統價值觀正在漸漸地消亡,這讓人們很擔憂。

(2)動詞變名詞

Afterwatchinghisperformance,Ifoundhecouldreallydanceverywell.

→Afterwatchinghisperformance,Ifoundhimareallygooddancer.

看了他的表演之后,我發現他跳舞跳得很棒。

(3)形容詞變名詞

IwrotealettertoTomtothankhimforhisbeingsokind.

→IwrotealettertoTomtothankhimforhiskindness.

我寫信給湯姆對他的善良表示感謝。

3.善用短語

漢語高級短語

努力strugglefor=strivefor=sparenoeffortfor

從事embarkon=setabout=goinfor

在當代incontemporarysociety=inpresent-daysociety=inthisdayandage

大量的ahostof=agreatnumberof=alargeamountof

更糟糕

what’sworse=worsestill=tomakemattersworse

的是

遇見;

runinto=comeacross=meetwith

偶遇

在我

inmyopinion=asfarasI’mconcerned=frommypointofview

看來

除了……

之外inadditionto=apartfrom=aswellas=alongwith

(還有)

一方面,

ontheonehand,ontheotherhand=foronething,foranother

另一方面

高度評價thinkhighlyof=singhighpraisefor=thinkwellof

把……oconsideration=oaccount

考慮在內

漢語高級短語

有資格的;

有能力的;befitfor=beequalto=bequalifiedfor=becompetentin

勝任的

參加takepartin/participatein

一些如何

someadvice/tips/suggestionsonhowto...

……的建議

對……

feelnervous/anxiousabout

感到緊張

克服緊張;ease/overcome/getover

緩解焦慮nervousness/relieveanxiety

樹立信心;

對自己buildupconfidence/haveconfidenceinoneself/beconfidentaboutoneself

有信心

對……beofbenefit

有益的=bebeneficialto

對……有害的;

doharmto/dodamageto

對……有

=beharmfulto

損害的

接觸到;gain/haveaccessto

有機會使用=beaccessibleto

對某人beconvenient/inconvenientforsb.=bringconvenience/

(不)方便的inconveniencetosb.

對……有

haveaneffect/influence/impacton.../makeadifferenceto...

影響/作用

【典型例句】

①Forexample,paper-cuttingandChineseknotsareallfeasiblemethodsofintroducingour

culture,whicharealsomoreconvenienttoorganize(更方便組織).

②ThereasonswhyIamqualifiedforthejob(我能勝任這份工作的原因)areasfollows.

【拓展訓練】

①Frommypointofview(我認為),it’struethatcellphonesbringuslotsofbenefitsand

convenience,butonlywhenthey’reusedmoreappropriately(恰當地)cantheyserveusbetter.

②Allmyteachersandclassmatessinghighpraiseformyproficiency(高度贊揚我的熟練)in

bothChineseandEnglish.

③Takingallyourrequirementsintoaccount/consideration(考慮到你的全部要求),Ifirmly

believeI’mtherightpersonyou’relookingfor.

④Asforaccommodation,IprefertolivewithalocalfamilybecauseIwanttoimprovemy

EnglishandexperienceauthenticAmericanculturecloseup(近距離體驗真實的美國文化).

⑤Youareoptimisticaboutlifeandalwayshaveconfidence,whateverdifficultyyoumay

encounter(遇見),whichhelpsyoustandoutamongtheclassmates.

⑥Withtheimprovementofpeople’slivingstandards(隨著人們生活水平的提高),cellphones

arefloodingintoourlife.

⑦Wearesorryforanyinconveniencethatwe’llbringtoyou(我們給你帶來的不便).Thanksfor

yourunderstanding.

⑧Nowadays,thesmartphoneshavefoundtheirwaytoeveryfamilyandareplayingavery

importantroleinourlife.Theyarebeneficialtousinmanyways.However,theyalsodoharmto

usphysicallyandmentally(有害于我們的身心健康).

⑨Inaddition,seldomdoIhavetimetokeepmyparentscompany,soIdecidetohelpmyparents

withsomehouseworktorelease/ease/lessen/reducetheirpressure(緩解他們的壓力),whichI

thinkisofbenefittoenhancingtherelationship(加強關系)betweenmyfamilymembers.

【語篇填空】

根據所給信息補全短文,并注意高級詞匯的使用。

DearPeter,

Iamexceedinglydelighted(我非常高興)tohearfromyou.Youaskedmeinyourlastletter

aboutthephysicalexerciseinourschoolandthefollowinginformationmaygiveyouasketch(給

你一個概述).

Tobeginwith,afabulousnewstadiumhasbeenbuiltup(一座很大的新體育館已落成),

whichhasbecomethenewlandmark(已成為新的地標)inourschool.Moreover,withthe

stadiumsetup,awiderangeofsportsevents(各種體育項目)areabletobeheld,ofwhich

ping-pong,footballaswellas(以及)runningcompetitionsenjoygreatpopularity(很受歡迎).As

forme,I’mintoxicatedwithbasketball(我熱愛籃球)sinceithasbeengivingmestrengthto

confrontthechallengesinmylife(去迎接生活中的挑戰).

Allinall,Isincerelyinvite(誠摯地邀請)youtocometoourschoolandseeforyourself.

Yours,

LiHua

【綜合演練】

1．假定你是李華，你的美國筆友Tom在給你的郵件中說他對中國歷史人物很感興趣，請你

介紹一位你喜歡并且崇拜的歷史人物。請給Tom回信，內容要點包括：

1.介紹人物；

2.簡述貢獻；

3.對你的影響。

注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；

2.請按如下格式在相應位置作答。

DearTom,

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

Yours,

LiHua

2．假定你是李華，你校英語話劇社擬舉辦英語話劇展演活動，請你寫一篇開幕辭，內容包

括：

1.表示歡迎；

2.活動介紹。

注意：

1.寫作詞數應為80個左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

Dearteachersandfellowstudents,

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

3．假定你是某國際學校學生會主席，你校將于下周舉行一場英文講座。請你寫一則英文通

知，內容包括：

1.講座主題：TheWorldWildlifeDay；

2.時間、地點及講座內容。

注意：1.詞數為80左右；

2.請按如下格式作答。

Notice

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_

TheStudentCouncil

March,1

4．假設你是李華，請你寫一篇短文向校英語社團“LearningEnglish”的微信公眾號投稿，向

同學們推薦一款兼顧趣味與英語學習的app。內容包括：

1.介紹這款app；

2.分享使用體驗。

注意：

1.詞數80左右；

2.可適當增加細節，使內容充實，行文連貫。

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

5．假定你是李華，給你班交換生Frank發郵件，想邀請Frank一起晨跑。請你根據以下要

點提示，給他寫一封電子郵件，內容包括：

1.表明來意；

2.晨跑的重要性；

3.注意事項。

注意：寫作詞數應為80左右。

DearFrank,

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

Bestregards,

LiHua

6．假定你是李華，你在英語閱讀過程中時常對一些習語感到困惑。請給外教Mr.Smith寫

封郵件，內容包括：

1.你的困惑；

2.尋求幫助。

注意：1.寫作詞數應為80個左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

DearMr.Smith,

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

Yours,

LiHua

參考答案

1．DearTom,

It’sgreattohearfromyou.Knowingthatyou’reinterestedinfamousfiguresinChinese

history,Iamverygladtosharewithyoumyfavouriteone.

TalkingofmyfavouritefigureinChinesehistory,Ican’thelpthinkingofQuYuan,agreat

patrioticpoetwithLisaoashismasterpiece.Inhonourofhim,theDragonBoatFestivalwasborn.

WheneverIreadhispoems,Iamlostinthought.Hisspiritencouragesmetolovemycountryand

trysomethingnew.

Ifyou’reinterestedinhim,I’llfindhisworkforyou.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.

Yours,

LiHua

【寫作分析】本篇書面表達屬于應用文。要求考生給Tom回信，介紹一位喜歡并且崇拜的

歷史人物。

【要點分析】1.詞匯積累

為紀念：inhonourof→inmemoryof

感興趣：beinterestedin→takeinterestin

高興：glad→delighted

想起：thinkof→recall

2.句式拓展

簡單句變復合句

原句：TalkingofmyfavouritefigureinChinesehistory,Ican’thelpthinkingofQuYuan,agreat

patrioticpoetwithLisaoashismasterpiece.

拓展句：TalkingofmyfavouritefigureinChinesehistory,Ican’thelpthinkingofQuYuan,who

wasagreatpatrioticpoetwithLisaoashismasterpiece.

[高分句型1]Ifyou’reinterestedinhim,I’llfindhisworkforyou.(運用了if引導條件狀語從句)

[高分句型2]WheneverIreadhispoems,Iamlostinthought.(運用了whenever引導讓步狀語

從句)

2．Dearteachersandfellowstudents,

Iamdeeplyhonoredtowelcomeyoualltoourschool’sEnglishDramaSociety’sannual

showcase.

Thiseventisacelebrationofourcreativity,hardwork,andpassionfortheEnglish

languageandtheater.Tonight,wewillbetreatedtoaseriesofcompellingperformances,each

reflectingtheuniquevisionandtalentofourmembers.

Wehopeyouenjoytheshowandareinspiredbythestoriesandcharactersbroughttolife

onourstage.

【寫作分析】本篇書面表達屬于應用文。要求考生為你校英語話劇社擬舉辦英語話劇展演活

動寫一篇開幕辭。

【要點分析】1.詞匯積累

榮幸：honored→privileged

精彩的：compelling→splendid

喜愛：enjoy→befondof

熱情：passion→enthusiasm

2.句式拓展

簡單句變復合句

原句：Tonight,wewillbetreatedtoaseriesofcompellingperformances,eachreflectingthe

uniquevisionandtalentofourmembers.

拓展句：Tonight,wewillbetreatedtoaseriesofcompellingperformances,whichreflectsthe

uniquevisionandtalentofourmembers.

[高分句型1]Tonight,wewillbetreatedtoaseriesofcompellingperformances,eachreflecting

theuniquevisionandtalentofourmembers.(運用了獨立主格結構)

[高分句型2]Wehopeyouenjoytheshowandareinspiredbythestoriesandcharactersbrought

tolifeonourstage.(運用了省去that的賓語從句和過去分詞作定語)

3．Notice

Nextweek,ourschoolwillholdanEnglishlectureonTheWorldWildlifeDay.

Thelecturewillbegivenfrom8a.m.to10a.m.intheschoolauditoriumonSunday.The

contentofthelecturewillincludethesignificanceofthedayandwaystoprotectwildlife.Besides,

therewillbeaquestion-and-answersessionwhereyoucanputforwardyourwaystoprotectethe

wildlife.Ibelievethatafterthelecture,youwillgetthechancetoknowhowyoucandoindaily

lifetoprotectwildlife.

Everyonewhoisinterestedinthelectureiswelcometoattend.

TheStudentCouncil

March,1

【寫作分析】本篇書面表達屬于應用文。要求考生就你校將于下周將舉行的一場英文講座寫

一則英文通知。

【要點分析】1.詞匯積累

舉辦：hold→host

重要性：significance→importance

此外：besides→inaddition

提出：putforward→comeupwith

2.句式拓展

合并簡單句

原句：Thelecturewillbegivenfrom8a.m.to10a.m.intheschoolauditoriumonSunday.The

contentofthelecturewillincludethesignificanceofthedayandwaystoprotectwildlife.

拓展句：Thelecturewillbegivenfrom8a.m.to10a.m.intheschoolauditoriumonSunday,the

contentofwhichwillincludethesignificanceofthedayandwaystoprotectwildlife.

【高分句型1】Besides,therewillbeaquestion-and-answersessionwhereyoucanputupwith

yourwaystoprotectethewildlife.(運用了where引導的限制性定語從句)

【高分句型2】Ibelievethatafterthelecture,youwillgetthechancetoknowhowyoucandoin

dailylifetoprotectwildlife.(運用了that引導的賓語從句和how引導的賓語從句)

4．

“Duolingo”isanexcellentappthatcombinesfunandeffectiveEnglishlearningmethods.It

offersawiderangeofinteractivelessons,rangingfromvocabularyexercises,quizzestospeaking

andlisteningtasks.What’sworthmentioningisthatitusesgame-likeelementstomakelearning

moreengagingandenjoyable.

AfterusingDuolingoforawhile,IfinditissuchanincrediblyusefultoolthatI’mwilling

tosaylearningEnglishhasbecomeanindispensablepartofmylife.Withvarietiesofexercises

andtheuser-friendlyinterface,notonlydoesitmakemylearningexperiencepleasurableand

productivebutalsoitdeepensmyinsightintoEnglishlearning.

Ifyou’restrugglingtofindausefultoolforEnglishlearning,Duolingoisdefinitelywortha

try.I’mfirmlyconvincedthatyou’llloveitasmuchasIdo.

【寫作分析】本篇書面表達屬于應用文，要求考生寫一篇短文向校英語社團“LearningEnglish”

的微信公眾號投稿，向同學們推薦一款兼顧趣味與英語學習的app。

【要點分析】1.詞匯積累

杰出的：excellent→outstanding

提供：offer→provide

非常地：incredibly→remarkably

各種各樣的：varietiesof→adiversityof

2.句式拓展

簡單句變復合句

原句：Itoffersawiderangeofinteractivelessons,rangingfromvocabularyexercises,quizzesto

speakingandlisteningtasks.

拓展句：Itoffersawiderangeofinteractivelessons,whichrangefromvocabularyexercises,

quizzestospeakingandlisteningtasks.

【高分句型1】“Duolingo”isanexcellentappthatcombinesfunandeffectiveEnglishlearning

methods.(運用了that引導的定語從句)

【高分句型2】What’sworthmentioningisthatitusesgame-likeelementstomakelearningmore

engagingandenjoyable.(運用了that引導的表語從句和what引導的主語從句)

【高分句型3】Withvarietiesofexercisesandtheuser-friendlyinterface,notonlydoesitmake

mylearningexperiencepleasurableandproductivebutalsoitdeepensmyinsightintoEnglish

learning.(運用了部分倒裝)

5．DearFrank,

Howareyoudoing?I’mwritingtoinviteyoutogoforamorningrunwithme,whichmay

benefitbothofusinanamazingway.

WhenIwasinjuniorhighschool,Ioftengotsickduetolackofexercise.SoIpickedup

runninginthemorning.Sincethen,runninghasplayedanimportantroleinmylife,without

whichIwouldn’thavebuiltstrongbody.Ithinkitisagoodwaytokeepfit.That’swhyIwantto

inviteyoutojoinme.Beforerunning,itisnecessarytohavesomepreparationexercises,suchas

pressinglegsandswingingarms.What’smore,makesureappropriateshoesandclothingare

worn.

Ihop