Unit6Usinglanguage徐康琪Attributiveclauses(3)01目錄CONTENTSGeographicalfeatures02Lifeindifferentclimatezones03Learningobjectives1.Furtherunderstandthestructureandfunctionofattributiveclauses,mastertheuseofattributiveclausesinrealcontext2.Understandandmasterthevocabularytodescribegeographicalfeatures.3.Compareandtalkaboutthelifestyleofdifferentregions.Knowhowtoexpressadvantagesanddisadvantages.4.Recognizetheimportanceofharmonybetweenmanandnature.Attributiveclause(3)——介詞+

關系代詞關系詞關系代詞that,which,who,whom,whose,（as）關系副詞when,where,why介詞+關系代詞三重功能1.連接功能：連接主從句2.指代功能：在定語從句中指代前面的先行詞3.成分功能：在定語從句中充當句子成分Attributiveclause(3)——介詞+

關系代詞Review：1.Theplace_______interestedmemostwastheChildren'sPalace.2.Thisisthehotel_______theystayedlastmonth.3.Doyouknowtheyear______theChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?4.Thatistheday______I'llneverforget.5.Thefactory______we'llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.that/whichwherewhenthat/whichthat/whichAttributiveclause(3)——介詞+

關系代詞Attributiveclause(3)——介詞+

關系代詞當關系代詞在定語從句中充當介詞的賓語時，我們用“介詞+關系代詞”來引導定語從句。如果先行詞是人，用“介詞+whom”；如果先行詞是物，用“介詞+which”（who和that不能用于此結構）eg.Thelady

yourmotherwastalkingjustnowisourteacher.

Thelittlegirlisreadingabook

therearemanypictures.withwhominwhichyourmotherwastalkingwiththeladyjustnow.therearemanypicturesinthebook.Attributiveclause(3)——介詞+

關系代詞介詞+which=關系副詞（when/where/why)表示時間、地點、原因的“介詞+which”分別相當于when，where，whyeg：Thisistheplace

heworks.

Thatwasthetime

hearrived.

Youhadbetterhavesomereasons

youarelate.Reviewwhere/inwhichwhen/atwhichwhy/forwhichAttributiveclause(3)——介詞+

關系代詞介詞+which/whom=whose,所屬關系用介詞ofForexample:Thisisthebook

coverisblue.=Thisisthebook

thecoverisblue.Thisisthegirl

motherisateacher..=Thisisthegirl,themother

isateacher.whoseofwhichwhoseofwhomReviewAttributiveclause(3)——介詞+

關系代詞介詞+whose（作定語，...的）eg：Thatistheman

housethepolicefoundthelostcomputerlastweek.

ThisisMr.Smith,

factorywework.inwhoseinwhoseThepolicefoundthelostcomputerintheman’shouselastweek.WeworkinMr.Smith’sfactory.Attributiveclause(3)——介詞+

關系代詞怎么選？先行詞謂語動詞形容詞句子意思所屬關系Attributiveclause(3)——介詞+which/whom一、根據定語從句修飾的先行詞確定介詞，其先行詞往往是表示時間、地點、原因、方法、工具等的詞，它們與介詞往往有一定的聯系Thisistheway

weworkedouttheproblem.(先行詞theway意思為“方法”，和介詞in連用)I’llneverforgettheday

Ijoinedthearmy.(先行詞theday代入從句應該是Ijoinedthearmyontheday.)Sheneverexplainedthereason

shewaslatefortheclass.(先行詞thereason代入從句是

shewaslatefortheclassforthereason.)inwhichonwhichforwhichAttributiveclause(3)——介詞+which/whom二、根據定語從句的謂語動詞確定介詞，該動詞與介詞搭配，構成固定短語。Heisthefamoussinger

thefansarewaiting.

waitingforsb.Theman

youshookhandsjustnowisourEnglishteacher.

shakehandswithsb.forwhomwithwhomAttributiveclause(3)——介詞+which/whom三、根據定語從句中的形容詞確定介詞，該形容詞與介詞搭配，構成be動詞之后的表語。Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks

Iamnotfamiliar.(befamiliarwithsth.)Thetwothings

hewasnotsurewerethegrammarandsomeoftheidioms.(besureaboutsth.代入hewasnotsureaboutthetwothings.)withwhichaboutwhichAttributiveclause(3)——介詞+which/whom四、根據句子意思確定介詞，關系代詞前的介詞和其他詞無搭配關系，只能根據上下文取其意思，再決定介詞。Thisisthepilot

mybrotherhasworkedfortenyears.(還原成正常語序：Mybrotherhasworkedwiththepilotfortenyears.)Thisisthepilot

mysonwassaved.(還原成正常語序：Mysonwassavedbythepilot.)withwhombywhomAttributiveclause(3)——介詞+which/whom五、表示所屬關系時，介詞用of，關系代詞為which/whom,即“the+n+of+which/whom或of+which/whom+the+n.”。另外不定代詞/數詞+of+which/whom也可引導定語從句，在從句中作主語，說明整體的部分。Mrs.Greenhastwodaughters,bothofwhomarecollegestudents.=Mrs.Greenhastwodaughters,andbothofthemarecollegestudents.Attributiveclause(3)——介詞+which/whom“動詞+介詞”不能拆開的情況Thebabies(whom/that)thenursesarelookingafterareveryhealthy.(不能將after提到前面，不能用afterwhom代替)Isthisthebook(which/that)sheislookingfor?(不能用forwhich代替）有些動詞短語不能拆開使用，這樣的動詞短語常用的有：lookafter,lookfor,takecareof,listento等定語從句的難點定語從句的省略一：關系代詞作賓語時的省略當關系代詞who,whom,which和that在定語從句中作動詞賓語或介詞位于句末時的介詞賓語時，可以省略。如：Isthereanything(which)youwanted?Whoistheman(that/who/whom)youweretalkingto?二：關系代詞作表語時的省略當關系代詞that在定語從句中作表語時，可以省略。如：Chinaisnotthecountry(that)itwas.定語從句的省略三：關系副詞when的省略用作時間狀語的關系副詞when通常不能省略，但有一種特殊情況，即用于day，year，time等少數幾個詞后時可以省略。如：Thatwastheyear(that)Ifirstwentabroad.I’llneverforgettheday(that)wemet.四：關系副詞where的省略用作地點狀語的關系副詞where通常不能省略，但有一種特殊情況，即用于place,somewhere,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere少數幾個詞后可以省略。如：Thisistheplace(where)theymetyesterday.定語從句的省略五：關系副詞why的省略關系副詞why通常只用于thereason后引導定語從句，且通常可換成forwhich或that，均可省略。如：That’sthereason(why/forwhich/that)hecame.Givemeonereason(why)weshouldhelpyou.定語從句中的主謂一致當關系代詞在從句中作主語時，從句的謂語必須與先行詞保持一致。Hurricaneisoneofthedisastersthatcausecasualties.Hurricaneistheonlyoneofthedisastersthatcausescaualties.COVID-19isoneoftheepidemicthatclaimcountlesslives.先行詞隔離現象從句與先行詞被其他成分隔開，要結合句意，尋找真正的先行詞，選擇對應的關系詞。Imetmybestfriendinthepark

Ispentthewholechildhoodwith.Imetmybestfriendinthepark

Ispentthewholechildhood.Iamhavingdancinglessonsatthetrainingcentrewithmysister,

isfarawayfrommyhome.Iamhavingdancinglessonsatthetrainingcentrewithmysister,

willbenefitme.who/whomwherewhichwhichWhat’sthemainideaofthetwoparagraphs?Introducingnaturaldyesandtheirsources.thereasonswhynaturaldyesarenowreturningtothepopularity.Whatotherthingswecandotoprotectthenaturalworld?Canyouthinkofotherbeautifultreasuresreceivedfromnature?Discussandshare!mineraldiamond+jewelanimalssceneryenergyReadthedescriptionsandmatchthemtothepictures.CDBAHow?keywordsbarrierlanguagebarriertradebarrierOceanisanaturalbarrierbetweencontinents.Readtheemailandfillinthebla