2023復習專題——中考英語閱讀理解知識點歸納

一、中考英語閱讀理解(含答案詳細解析)

1.閱讀理解

Haveyoueverstayedinahotel?MostChinesehotelsoftenprovideguestswiththingslike

disposable(——次性的)toothbrushes,toothpaste,shampooandslippers.Manyguestslikethe

ideabecausetheydon'thavetobringtheirown.But,ifyoutraveltoBeijing,remembertobring

yourownthings.StartingfromJune,somehotelsinBeijingwillnolongerprovideguestswith

thesedisposables.Theywanttoaskpeopletouselessdisposablethings.

Manydisposablethingsaremadeofplastic.Peoplethrowthemawayafteronlyusingthem

once.Itisawasteofnaturalresources(資源)andisverybadfortheenvironment.Doyou

know,oneChinesepersonmakesasmuchas400kgofwasteayear!Mostofthatwastecomes

fromdisposablethings.InEeijing,peoplethrowawayabout19,000tonsofplasticbagsand1,320

tonsofplasticlunchbowlseveryyear!Plasticcantakebetween100and400yearstobreakdown.

Sothelessplasticwethrowout,thebetter.So,whereveryoutravel,bringyourownthingsand

usethemagainandagain.

Backathomeandschool,youcanalsodosomethingtomakeourworldabetterplace.-ryto

dothesethingsinyourdailylife:Useclothshoppingbags,notplasticones.Afterusingaplastic

bag,washitoutandletitdry.Thenyoucanuseitoverandoveragain.Donotusepapercups.At

yourschoolcanteen(食堂),useyourownbowlandchopsticksinsteadofdisposableones.

(1)Whydomanyhotelsorovideguestswithsomedisposablethings?

A.Lettheirguestsbeconvenientduringtheirtravelling.

B.Hopetheirguestsuselessdisposablethings.

C.Wishtheirgueststosavemoney.

D.Wanttheirgueststousemoredisposablethings.

(2)SomeBeijinghotelsv/illnolongerprovideguestswith.

A.cheapfoodanddrinkB.disposablethingsC.goodserviceD.freeTVprograms

(3)WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Manydisposablethingsaremadeofplastic.

B.Throwingdisposablethingsawayisawasteofnaturalresources.

C.Plasticisverybadfortheenvironment.

D.Plasticbreaksdowneasily.

(4)Whatcanwedotomakeourworldabetterplaceathomeandschool?

A.Useshoppingbagsmadeofplastic.

B.Donotthrowawaypapercups.

C.Usedisposableplates,bcwlsandchopsticks.

D.Donotforgettoreusedailynecessities(日用品).

(5)Wecantellfromthestorythat.

A.peopledon'tlikedisposablethingsatall

B.wecan'tusepaperorplasticbowlsatschool

C.weshoulduselessplasticthingsandprotectourenvironment

D.hotpkwon'tprovidpdi，pc，ablpthing，hacauqpthpywanttosavemonpy

【答案】(1)A

(2)B

(3)D

(4)D

(5)C

【解析】【分析】大意：本文講述一次性用品浪費自然資源而且對環境有害，北京的一些酒

店將不再為客人提供這些次性用品。他們想讓人們少月次性用品。倡導人們用布制購物

袋而不用塑料袋。

(1)推斷題o根據Manyguestsliketheideabecausetheydon'thavetobringtheirown.可知,

讓他們的客人在其旅游中方便，故選A。

(2)細節題。根據somehotelsinBeijingwillnolongerprovideguestswiththesedisposables.

可知，一些北京旅館將不再給顧客提供一次性用品，故選B。

(3)細節題。根據Plasticcantakebetween100and400yearstobreakdown.可知，塑料要

花費100到400年才分解，所以不容易分解，故選D。

(4)推斷題。根據So,whereveryoutravel,bringyourownthingsandusethemagainandagain.

可知，讓我們的世界在家里和學校變得更美好，我們應該重復使用日用品，故選D。

(5)主旨題。本文主要講述為了保護我們的環境我們應該少用型料用品，故選C.

【點評】考查閱讀理解。細節題、推斷題和主旨題是閱讀理解題中常考題型。細節題需要

從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解

大意之后找出中心思想。

2.閱讀表格，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

UMENLOOKATAMAP.

蛙TME5ELEAVES,UNU5?

NORTH15UPAND501nMIS

由斤？血,由TUE^REFMNG60nHFOR

I5N_T______IT?"THE(OINTEQ!

(1)Thepicturesaboveare

A.anewsreportB.acomicstripC.aposterD.anotice

(2)Whatarethekidsmainlytalkingabout?

A.ThedirectionB.TheseasonsC.ThemapD.Theleaves

(3)Inthepictures,itisnowmostprobably.

A.springBsummerC.autumnD.winter

【答案】(1)B

(2)A

(3)C

【解析】【分析】主要講了三個孩子通過看落葉來談論南北。

(1)細節題，根據圖片內容可知是連環畫，故選B。

(2)細節題。根據NORTHISUPANDSOUTHISDOWN上北下南,可知他們在談論方向,

故選Ao

(3)細節題。根據THEY'REFLYINGSOUTHFORTHEWINTER!樹葉正在飛向南為了過冬,可

知是秋天，故選C。

【點評】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細節題，注意從文中仔細尋找答案。

3.閱讀短文，判斷正誤。

Peoplesendbirthdaygreetingsbyusingcardsinbotheasternandwesterncountries.Itisnot

knownwhenandwhereexactlythetraditionofsendingbirthdaycardsbegan.Itisbelievedthatit

beganinEnglandintheearlynineteenthcentury.Inthosedayspeoplesentbirthdaycardswhen

theycouldn'twishsomebodyahappybirthdayinperson.

In1840thefirststampv/asusedinBritainandsendingbirthdaycardsbecameeasier;cheaper

andmorepopular.Thedevelopmentofcolorprintingprocesses(工藝流程)inthe1930salso

helpedtoincreasesalesofbirthdaycards.

Todaycardsareoftengivenwithapresent,evenwhenpeoplecanexpresstheirwishesfaceto

face.Inrecenttimese-cardshavealsobecomepopular.Manypeoplearestartingtousee-cards

insteadoftraditionalcardsbecausetheyarefree,environmentallyfriendlyandeasytoarrive.So

willccardstakeplaceofpapercardscompletelyintenortwentyyears?Probablynot.For

example,forkidsandoldpeople,theydon'tusee-cadsveryoften.

Ifourbirthdayiscomingsoon,doyouwishthatatleastonepersoncouldcongratulateyou

withabeautifulcardthen?

(1)Peoplesendbirthdaycardsindifferentcounties.

(2)ThetraditionofsendingbirthdaycardsbeganinFranceintheearly18thcentury.

(3)Sendingbirthdaycardsbecamemorepopularafterthestampswereused.

(4)Wear(?surethat<?-cardswilltakepapercards'placecomplptplyintwentyyears.

(5)Kidsandoldpeopleoftenusee-cards.

【答案】(1)1

(2)0

(3)1

(4)0

(5)0

【解析】【分析】大意：不同的國家的人們通過送生口卜片來向表達生口問候，送生口K片

始于19世紀英國。

(1)句意：不同國家的人們送生日卡片。根據Peoplesendbirthdaygreetingsbyusingcards

inbotheasternandwesterncountries.可知，中西方國家的人們都通過使用卡片來表達生日間

候，故答案為正確。

(2)句意：送生日卡的傳統始于18世紀法國。根據ItisbelievedthatitbeganinEnglandin

theearlynineteenthcentury.可知,人們認為送生日卡片始丁19世紀英國，故答案為錯誤。

(3)句意：送生日卡片在開始使用郵票后變得更流行。根據In1840thefirststampwasused

inBritainandsendingbirthdaycardsbecameeasier,cheaperandmorepopular.可知，郵票開始

使用后，送生日卡片變得更容易，更便宜，更流行，故答案為正確。

(4)句意:在20年后我們確定電子k片將完全取代紙張k片。根據Sowille-cardstakeplace

ofpapercardscompletelyintenortwentyyears?Probablynot.可知,10年或20年后電子卡片

可能不會完全取代紙張卡片，故答案為錯誤。

(5)句意：孩子和老人經常使用電子卡片。根據theydon'tusee-cadsveryoften.可知，

他們不會經常使用電子卡片，故答案為錯誤。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。瀏覽文章大意，根據問題在文章中找到原句判斷對錯。

4.閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

Areyouafraidofgoingtothedentist(牙醫)?Ifso,ycu'renotalone.

Thesefearscouldjustbeinourheads,however.AccordingtoarecentsurveybyMartinTickle,

aprofessoratManchesterUniversityintheUK,thepainisn'tfeltmostofthetimeindental

surgeries(牙科手?術).Infact,amongthe451interviewedpatients,75%reportednopainatall

duringtheirvisits,includingsituationswhentheyhadtheirteethpulledout.

Coulditbethesoundofthedrill(鉆頭)then?

"Ifoundthatthesoundofdrillingcanevokedeepworryindentalpatients.Actuallytheydon't

haveanypain."HiroyukiKaribe,ascientistatNipponDentalUniversityinTokyo,toldthe

Guardian.

Tofindthereasonwhyadrillmightbringonaracingheart,Karibedividedthevolunteersinto

low-fparandhigh-fpargroupsbaednnhewmuchthpyfparpdatriptothpdantiqt.Vohintppr?;

wereplayedthesoundofadrillwhiletheirbrainactivitieswerewatchedbyamachine.

WhatKaribefoundinthelow-feargroupwasincreasedactivityintheareasofthebrain

relativetoauditoryprocessing(聽覺處理),whichmeans,forthesepeople,thesoundofdental

drillsisnodifferentfromothersounds

Inthehigh-feargroup,however,thebrainareathatwasactivated(激活)wasdifferent.It

wastheareathatcarriesoutanumberofduties,includinglearning,feelingsand,most

importantly,memory.Thismeansthatthesevolunteersnotonlyheardthesound,butthey

rememberedit-theymadeconnectionsbetweenthesoundofadrillandtheworryitproducedin

thepast,causingtheirworrytoreturn.

Understandinghowbrainsreplytothesoundsofdentists'drillscouldhelpscientistsfindways

tomakepatientsmorerelaxed,accordingtoKaribe,becausepatientswhoworryaboutgoingto

thedentistmightkeepputtingofftheirvisits.Butthebestwayistokeepyourteethhealthy.

(1)Howdoesthewriterexplainthatthepainisn'tfeltmostofthetimeindentalsurgeries?

A.Byshowingfactswithnumbers.

B.Byaskingquestionsonebyone.

C.Bygivingexamplesgroupbygroup.

D.Bycomparingresultsofpatients.

(2)Accordingtothefourthparagraph,whatdoestheword"evoke"meaninChinese?

A.減輕B.引起C.顯示D.阻止

(3)Howdidthesoundofdrillingproducedifferentresultstothevolunteersinthestudy?

A.Itproducedsomeworryinthevolunteersinthelow-feargroup

B.Forthelow-feargroup,itactivatedthebrainareadealingwithlearning,feelingsandmemory

C.Forthehigh-feargroup,itcausedmoreactivitiesinthebrainarearelativetoauditory

processing.

D.Itmadepeopleinthehigh-feargroupremembertheirpastuncomfortablememories

(4)Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Howthestudymightbeuseful.

B.Somenewwaystotreatteeth

C.Theproperwaytotreatdentalpatients.

D.Theimportanceofkeepingourteethhealthy.

(5)What'sthepurposecfthepassage?

A.Toshowusdifferentareasoffearinbrains.

B.Tointroduceusarecentsurveybyascientist.

C.Tohplphavpla，，fparofatriptnthpdpntist.

D.Tomakeitclearthatthesoundofdrillingisnotterrible.

【答案】(1)A

(2)B

(3)D

(4)A

(5)B

【解析】【分析】主要講了理解大腦對牙醫的鉆頭聲的反應可以幫助科學家找到讓病人更放

松的方法。

(1)細節題。根據Infact,amongthe451interviewedpatients,75%reportednopainatall

duringtheirvisits,includingsituationswhentheyhadtheirteethpulledout.可知采訪了451人，

75%說一點不疼，可知用數字說明事實，故選A。

(2)細節題。根據后文Tofindthereasonwhyadrillmightbringonaracingheart可知是發

現鉆頭引起擔心的原因，所以意思是引起，故選B。

(3)細節題。根據buttheyrememberedit-theymadeconnectionsbetweenthesoundofadrill

andtheworryitproducedinthepast,causingtheirworrytoreturn可知讓他們記住過去的擔心

憂慮，故選D。

(4)細節題，根據Understandinghowbrainsreplytothesoundsofdentists'drillscouldhelp

scientistsfindwaystomakepatientsmorerelaxed可知理解大腦對牙醫的鉆頭聲的反應可以幫

助科學家找到讓病人更放松的方法，即研究是有用的，改選A。

(5)細節題。根據全文可知主要講了理解大腦對牙醫的鉆頭聲的反應可以幫助科學家找到

讓病人更放松的方法。，即介紹科學家的一項最近的研究，故選B。

【點評】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細節題，注意從文中仔細尋找答案。

5.閱讀理解

Edinburghistheworld's"festivalcity".Thecityholds12festivalsthroughouttheyear;halfof

whicharecelebratedduringthemonthsofJulyandAugust.Hundredsofthousandsofpeople

visittheScottishcapitalduringthesummer.Herearesomeoftheeventstheycanenjoy.

TheEdinburghThisistheoriginal(最初的)Edinburghfestival,whichbeganin1947.

InternationalActors,musicians,dancersandoperasingersfromallovertheworld

Festivalperformforlargeaudiences.Youneedticketsformostofthefestival's

events,whichtakeplaceintheatersaroundthecity.

TheEdinburghThisisthelargestartfestivalintheworld,withthousandsof

FestivalFringeperformances.Anyonecanperformatthefestival.Over20,000artistscan

takepart.GototheRoyalMile,onecfEdinburgh'smainstreets,towatch

performerssuchasmagicians,acrobats（雜技演員）andcomedians.

However,itcangetverybusy,asthousandsoftouristsandlocal（當地

的）peoplefillthecitystreetstoenjoytheshows.

TheEdinburghThelargestbookfestivalinthev/orldbeganin1983andtakesplace

InternationaleveryyearinCharlotteSquareGardensinthecenterofEdinburgh.Thereare

BookFestivalover700eventsforchildrenandadults.Youcanmeetmanyauthors,talkto

them,askthemtosignabookorlisten:othemtalkabouttheirstories.

TheEdinburghMusicloverscometothisfestivaltoenjoymusicalperformancesall

JazzandBluesoverthecity.Artistsperformstreettheater;danceandcircus（馬戲）shows

Festivalinamazingcostumes（戲裝）.Everyonecanenjoythemusicanddance

performances.

（1）WhatdoweknowfromParagraph1?

A.Edinburghisfamousforitsfestivals.

B.EdinburghisthecapitalcfWales.

C.SixofEdinburgh'sfestivalsareheldinJuly.

D.SummerisnotthebesttimetovisitEdinburgh.

（2）Whichofthefollowingisthelargestartfestivalintheworld?

A.TheEdinburghInternationalFestival.B.TheEdinburghFestivalFringe.

C.TheEdinburghInternationalBookFestival.D.TheEdinburghJazzandBluesFestival.

（3）WhereistheEdinburghInternationalBookFestivalheld?

A.Attheatersaroundthecity.B.IntheRoyalMile.

C.InCharlotteSquareGardens.D.OnEdinburgh'smainstreets.

（4）Whatisthepurposeofthestory?

A.TodescribethecityofEdinburgh.

B.TodescribesomefestivalsinEdinburgh.

C.ToprovethatEdinburghistheworld'sartcenter.

D.ToencouragemoreartiststoperforminEdinburgh.

【答案】（1）A

(2)B

(3)C

(4)B

【解析】【分析】主要講了Edinburgh的四個節日。

(1)細節題。根據Edinburghistheworld's"festivalcity".可知Edinburgh是世界的節日城市,

即以它的節日聞名，故選A。

(2)細節題°根據第一個表格Thisisthelargestartfestivalintheworld可知theEdinburgh

FestivalFringe是世界上最大的藝術節，故選

(3)細節題。根據第三個表格Thelargestbookfestivalintheworldbeganin1983andtakes

placeeveryyearinCharlotteSquareGardensinthecenterofEdinburgh.可知在CharlotteSquare

Gardens舉行,故選C。

(4)細節題。根據全文可知主要講了Edinburgh的四個節日，故選B。

【點評】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細節題，注意從文中仔細尋找答案。

6.閱讀理解

AtChristmas,differentcountriescelebrateChristmasindifferentways.Herearesome

interestingactivitiesindifferentcountries.

Australia

l.ReadpoemsandstorieswithAustralianChristmasthemes.

2.ListthetraditionalfoodeatenatChristmasathome.

3.AskfivepeoplewhattheythinkthemeaningofChristmasisandrecordtheiranswers.

Germany

l.lnGermankitchens,lotsofdessertsarebakedfortheholidays!

2.TraditionallyonChristmasEve,thefatherdecoratesthetreealoneinthemorning.The

motherspendsthemorningdecoratingthehomeandcookingasmallmeal.Somechooseto

serveasaladorapotatosaadwithsomemeat.

3.ThefamilygoestochurchinthemorningandcomeshometohavetheirChristmasdinner.

Friendsorrelativesareofteninvitedtojointhem.Thosewhocouldnotbeinvitedthedaybefore

canthencomeonthisdaytocelebratewiththefamily.

Canada

l.WhenyouhearChristmassongsinpublic,smileandsingalong.

2.PutChristmaslightsonyourhouse.Hangmistletoe(榔寄生)andsomeflowersinthe

doorway.

3.GowithyourfamilytothelocalChristmastreefarmtocutdownyourownorbuya

Christmastree.PickoutaChristmastreethatfitsyourhouse.

(1)WhomaydosomereadingonChristmasDay?

A.TheChinese.B.TheAustralians.C.TheCanadians.D.TheGermans.

(2)WherecanweseeanyflowersonChristmasDay?

A.InEngland.B.InGermany.C.InAustralia,D.InCanada.

(3)Wheremaythematerialcomefrom?

A.Adiary.B.Adictionary.C.Anewspaper.D.Anotebook.

【答案】(1)R

(2)D

(3)C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介紹了澳大利亞、德國和加拿大三個國家過圣誕節時的一

些風俗習慣。涉及的風俗習慣有唱圣誕歌以及裝飾圣誕樹等。

(1)細節理解題。根據對應的句子"ReadpoemsandstorieswithAustralianChristmasthemes/

可知，在澳大利亞，人們會閱讀以圣誕節為主題的詩歌和故事，故答案為B。

(2)細節理解題。根據對應的句了"Hangmistletoeandsomeflowersinthedoorway.”可知,

在加拿大，人們過圣誕節的時候可以看到花，故答案為De

(3)推理判斷題。本文介紹了三個國家過圣誕節時的一些風俗習慣，合適的出處是“報紙”，

故答案為Co

【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文考查細節題，推理判斷題等常考題型，細節題要注意從文中抓

住關鍵詞尋找答案；推理判斷題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出正確選項。

7.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳答案。

Oneday,Iwalkedintoastrangerashewalkedbyme."Ch,excuseme."Isaid.Herepliedwith

asmileandsaid,"Pleaseexcuseme,too.Iwasn'twatchingoutforyou."Weapologized(道歉)

andwentourownways.

Laterthatday,whenIwascooking,mydaughterwasstandingtooclosetome.WhenIturned

toreachforsomemilk,Inearlyknockedherover."Moveoutoftheway."Ishouted.Shewalked

awaysadly.ButIdidn'tfeellikeIhadtoapologizetoher.

WhileIwasinbedthatevening,myhusbandsaidtome,"Dealingwithastranger,youwere

polite,butwithadaughteryoulove,youwereunkind.Yourdaughterbroughtyousomeflowers

thatshepickedherselfthisafternoon.You'llfindtheminthekitchenbythedoor.Haveyouseen

thetearsinhereyes?"

Iquietlywentandkneltdownbymydaughter'sbed."Honey,Iamsosorry."Isaid,"Are:hese

theflowersyoupickedforme?"Shesaid,"Ifoundthembythetree.Ipickedthembecause

they'reprettylikeyou.Iknewyou'dlikethemespeciallytheblueones."Itearfullyreplied,

"Sweetie,I'mreallysorryforthewayIactedtoday.Ishouldn'thaveshoutedatyou.""It'sokay.I

loveyouanyway."shesaidasshekissedmeonmycheek.

Ifwecanbepolitetostrangers,whycan'twebekindtotheoneswelove?

(1)Theauthorbehaved(表現)___towardsthestrangeraftershewalkedintohim.

A.madlyB.badly.C.politely

(2)Whydidn'ttheauthorfeellikeapologizingtothedaughterinParagraph2?

A.Becauseshedidn'trealizeshehadhurtherdaughter.

R.Rpcauspdpcidpdtnapnlogizptnhprdaughtprlatpr.

C.Becauseherdaughterdidn'tmindit.

(3)Whatisthehusband'sopinioninParagraph3?

A.Theauthorshouldlookfortheflowers.

B.Theauthorshouldbefriendlytothedaughter.

C.Theauthorshouldn'tapologizetothestranger.

(4)What'stherightorderaccordingtothestory?

a.Theauthorshoutedatthedaughter.

b.Thehusbandgavetheauthoradvice.

c.Herdaughterpickedflowersfortheauthor.

d.Theauthorapologizedtothedaughter.

A.3-b-c-dB.b-a-d-cC.c-3-b-d

(5)What'sthebesttideforthepassage?

A.Bekindtolovedones.B.Don'tshoutatfamilymembers.C.Bepolitetostrangers.

【答案】(1)C

(2)A

(3)B

(4)C

(5)A

【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文講述了作者走路是撞到一位陌生人，她有禮貌的道了歉，

可是因為自己的女兒擋了道而大喊。最后感到應該對自己愛的人更友好。

(1)細節理解題。根據Oneday,Iwalkedintoastrangerashewalkedbyme。"Oh,excuse

me。“Isaid。一天,作者走路時撞上一位陌生人，并向他道歉，可知，作者表現的很禮貌。

故選Co

(2)細節理解題。根據ButIdidn'tfeellikeIhadtoapologizetoher<>可知,我并沒有感到

我需要向她道歉。故選

(3)細節理解題。根據Dealingwithastranger,youwerepolite,butwithadaughteryou

love,youwereunkind。對付一位陌生人你是禮貌的，但是對你所愛的女兒，你不太友好。

可知，丈夫建議作者應該對女兒要友好。故選B。

細節理解題。根據我朝女兒大喊之前是女兒摘花

（4）Moveoutofthewayc"Ishouted,

送我當了我的道，Herdaughterpickedflowersfortheauthoro應該最早發生，排在最前，

其次Theauthorshoutedatthedaughter。到晚上我的丈夫指出了我的問題并建議我向女兒道

兼欠，即Thehusbandgavetneauthoradvice。最后Theauthorapologizedtothedaughter。彳乍者

向女兒道歉，故選C。

（6）主旨大意題。標題要能反映文章的主旨大意，根據Ifwecanhepolitytostrangers,why

can'twebekindtotheoneswelove?可知，如果我們能禮貌地陌生人,為什么不能對自己所

愛的人友好呢？突出主題，對自己所愛的人要友好。故選A。

【點評】此題考查閱讀理解。對于細節理解題，在分析問題弄清題意后帶著問題進行閱讀，

從文章的細節中找出問題答案。對于主旨大意題要根據文章的主題句確定。

8.閱讀理解

RupertIsaacsonwasborninAfrica,andgrewupinLondonandintheEnglishcountryside,

wherehediscoveredhisloveofhorses.Becausehegrewuphearingsomanyfascinating

memoriesaboutAfricafromhisparents,hewentthereandlivedwiththepeoplecalledThe

BushmenoftheKalahariDesert.

Bytheyear2000,Rupertwasalreadyworkingasareporter,writingarticlesandguidebooks

aboutAfricaandIndia.HemethiswifeKristininIndia.Today,theylivewiththeirson,Rowan,in

theUS.ButRupertfacedthegreatestchallengeofhislifewhen,attheageoftwo,Rowanwes

diagnosed（診府i）withanillnessthatinfluencedhisabilitytocommunicatewithothers.

RupertdiscoveredthatspendingtimewithhorsesandridingthemwashelpingRowan.But

unluckily,theBushmenoftheKalaharidonothavehorses.SothefamilysetoutforMongolia,

wherehorseshavebeenimportantforlong.Ruperthaswrittenaboutthisjourneytohelphisson

inhisbookHorseBoy,andhehasproducedadocumentaryofthesamename.Inthefilm,people

havethechancestoseethefamilytravellinginMongolia,ridinghorsesandmeetinghealers（治

療師）inordertohelpRowan.

BecauseworkingwithhorseshashelpedRowan,RupertsetupTheHorseBoyFoundationon

hisfarminTexas.Itisaschoolthatteachespeoplehowtousehorsesforhealing.Besideswriting

anotherbook,TheLongRideHome,abouttravellingwithRowantoAfrica,AustraliaandArizona

intheUS,RuperthasalsoproducedthedocumentaryEndangerous,withRowanashost,about

dangerousanimalsthatareendangered.RupertIsaacsonhasmanagedtodiscoverthesecretof

turningonechallengeintomanyachievements.

（1）WheredidRupertIsaacsondiscoverhisloveofhorses?

A.IntheEnglishcountryside.B.InIndia.C.InAfrica.D.InMongolia.

(2)WhenwasRowandiagnosedwiththeillnessmentionedinthepassage?

A.Intheyear2000.B.Attheageoftwo.

C.WhenhewasinMongolia.D.WhenhewasinLondon.

(3)WhydidRupert'sfarrilygotoMongolia?

Becausethere.

A.heworkedasareporterB.therewerenohorses

C.thprpwarplet，ofhersa，D.hpwantpdtnmppthi，wifp

(4)WhatisthepurposeofTheHorseBoyFoundation?

A.Toproduceadocumentary.B.Tocommunicatewithothers.

C.Tolearnhowtoridehorses.D.Toteachpeoplehowtousehorsesforhealing.

(5)HowmanydocumentarieshasRupertproducedinthepassage?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.

【答案】(1)A

(2)B

(3)C

(4)D

(5)A

【解析】【分析】短文大意：這篇短文講的是路伯特伊薩克森在英國長大的非洲人，因為他

從父母那里聽力很多關于非洲的神奇的故事，他去非洲和卡拉哈里沙漠的叢林人一起生活。

到2000年他已經是一名記者了在印度他閱讀妻子，然后有了兒子，在兒子兩歲時被診斷為

一種疾病影響他和別人交流。魯伯特發現騎馬有助于兒子于是他們到了蒙古，在他的書《馬

童》，他寫的這個旅程來幫助兒子。同時他還錄制了同一名字的紀錄片。因為和馬一起工作

幫助了兒子，他還建立了基金會，教會人們用馬治療人們。同時他還寫了另一本書，并且制

作了另一部紀錄片。

(1)細節理解題。根據RupertIsaacsonwasborninAfrica,andgrewupinLondonandinthe

Englishcountryside,wherehediscoveredhisloveofhorses.可知是在英國農村他發現對馬的熱

愛的，故選A。

(2)細節理解題。根據ButRupertfacedthegreatestchallengeofhislifewhen,attheageoftwo,

Rowanwasdiagnosed(診斷)withanillnessthatinfluencedhisabilitytocommunicatewith

others.可知Roman兩歲時被診斷為這種疾病的，故選B.

(3)細節理解題。根據Butunluckily,theBushmenoftheKalaharidonothavehorses.Sothe

familysetoutforMongolia,wherehorseshavebeenimportantforlong.可知他們去蒙古因為那

里馬多，故選C。

(4)細節理解題。根據BecauseworkingwithhorseshashelpedRowan,RupertsetupThe

HorseBoyFoundationonbisfarminTexas.Itisaschoolthatteachespeoplehowtousehorses

forhealing.可知這個基金會教人們如何用馬進行治療，故選D。

（5）細節理解題。根據RuperthaswrittenaboutthisjourneytohelphissoninhisbookHorse

Boy,andhehasproducedadocumentaryofthesamename.和Ruperthasalsoproducedthe

documentaryEndangerous,withRowanashost,aboutdangerousanimalsthatare

endangered.可知路伯特一共制作了兩個紀錄片，分別是HorseBoy和Endangerous,故迷A”

【點評】此題考杳閱讀理解，這是一篇關于細節理解的短文.我們先分析問題.然后帶若問

題閱讀短文，從短文的細節中找到關于和問題相關的語句，確定問題答案.

9.閱讀理解

Doyouwanttoimproveyourphysicsandchemistrygrades?Well,maybeyoushouldfirstlearn

somethingaboutthestruggles（奮斗）ofgreatscientists.

TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationdidaninterestingstudy.Morethan400studentsfrom

schoolsinNewYorkCitytookpartinit.Thestudentsweredividedintothreegroups.Group1

readdlypicdltextbookthatdescribesthedchievementsofgreatscientists.Group2readabout

thosescientists'personalstruggles.Forexample,asaJew,Enstein（愛因斯坦）ranawayfrom

NaziGermanytoavoidpersecution（迫害）.Thelastgroupreadaboutthescientists'intellectual

struggles,suchasMarieCurie'sfailedscientifictests.Thesestoriesaboutstrugglesalsotold

studentshowthescientistsdealtwiththeseobstacles（障礙）.

Thestudentstookascienceexambeforethestudy.Afterthesix—weekstudy,theytook

another.ScientistsfoundthoseinGroups2and3improvedtheirsciencegrades.Studentsin

Group1didn'tseeagradeincrease.Someofthemevenhaclowergradesafterthestudy.

ThestudywasledbyXaodongLin—Siegler,ateacheratColumbiaUniversity.Accordingto

Xiaodong,kidsoftenthinkEinsteinwastrulyintelligent.Theybelievetheywillnevermatchhim.

Manyofthemfailtorealizethatanysuccessrequiresalongjourney.Alongtheway,thereare

manyfailures（失敗）.

Studentswhoreadthestrugglestoriesmoreprobablysaidthatgreatscientistswerelike

themselves.The"greatminds"alsohadtoovercomeobstaclestoachievesuccess.

Xiaodongsaystoday'ssciencetextbooksfailtobringsciencetolife.Asaresult,students

seldomregardscienceaspartoftheireverydaylives.Instead,theyjustseealonglistoffactsthat

theyhavetoremember.Xiaodongthinkstextbooksshouldincludemorestoriesabouthowgreat

scientistshadtostruggletosucceed.Andstudentsshouldfocusmoreonhowthesescientists

dealtwiththeobstaclestheymetalongtheway.

（1）Accordingtothearticle,studentscanimprovetheirphysicsandchemistrygradesby

A.readingtheachievementsofgreatscientistsmorecarefully

B.listeningmorecarefullytotheirphysicsandchemistryteachers

C.learningabouthowgreatscientistsdealtwiththeirobstacles

(2)Allofthestudents