2024~2025學年第一學期高三期末質量檢測卷英語考生注意：1.本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內項目填寫清楚。3.考生作答時，請將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑；非選擇題請用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區域內作答，超出答題區域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。4.本卷命題范圍：高考范圍。第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisprobablythewoman?A.Aputerrepairspecialist.B.Anonlineengineer.C.Asalesmanager.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Tea.B.Somesweets.C.Acup.3.Whatsubjectisthemangoodat?A.Maths.B.English.C.Science.4.Whatdidthemandolastnight?A.HewatchedTV.B.Hevisitedthezoo.C.Headoptedapet.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Motherandson.第二節（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whydoesthemansaysorrytothewoman?A.Heislateforthemeeting.B.Hecan'tgivethewomanalift.C.Hedidn'tbookthehotelinadvance.7.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahotel.B.Inanoffice.C.Attheairport.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whydoesthemanoftenvisitforestparks?A.Towalkhisdog.B.Togetwritinginspiration.C.Tomeethisfriend.9.Whichseasonisitnow?A.Summer.B.Autumn.C.Winter.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wheredoesthemanplantogofirst?A.Thetrainstation.B.Thepostoffice.C.Thesupermarket.11.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Dosomecooking.B.Arrangetheroom.C.Cleanthegarage.12.Whowillpickuptheman'smother?A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.Thewoman'scousins.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhatcanweknowaboutBetty?A.Sheoftenfellill.B.Shefeltstressed.C.Shewasverybusy.14.WhydoesBettyrunherownbusiness?A.Tohaveaflexibleschedule.B.Totravelmore.C.Toearnmoremoney.15.WhatexercisedoesBettyenjoy?A.Teamsports.B.Yoga.C.Running.16.WhatdoesBettysuggestaboutsavingtime?A.Checkingemailsonthewaytowork.B.Havingalotofsimilarclothes.C.Makingtodolists.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.HowmanyhomesdidMrBeastbuildforfamiliesinneed?A.10.B.50.C.100.18.WhatisMrBeastfamousfor?A.Charityefforts.B.Sellingvideos.C.Challengingothers.19.WhatdidMrBeastgivetothechildreninonevillage?A.Food.B.Newbicycles.C.Storybooks.20.WhydidMrBeastextendthankstohisviewers?A.Theyhelpedhimsellthebikes.B.Theydonatedmoneyfortheproject.C.Theymadetheprojectpossiblebywatchingvideos.第二部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AIfyouwanttogetawayfromthesummercrowdsinEuropeancountries,choosethefollowingplacesasyourdestinations.CostadelaLuz,SpainThe75milesofAtlanticfacingsoutherncoastlinebetweenTarifaandtheGuadianaRiver,neartheborderwithPortugal,hastemperaturesthatarealittlecoolerandhasn’tbeenfullydeveloped.HighlightsincludethebeautifulfishingvillageofElRompido,thegreatfoodsceneinthetownofCadizandthewildbeachesaroundHuelva(betweenMazagónandMatalasca?as).St.Moritz,SwitzerlandLessthantwohoursbycarfromItaly’swildlypopularLakeo,theSwissmountaintownofSt.Moritzmakesforaquietersummertimelakesideescape.MostofthefamouspeopleareinSt.Moritzduringthewintertime,butinsummer,youcanreplaceskiingalongthesurroundingSwissAlpswithboating,swimmingandwindsurfingonthetown’slake.Otherenjoyableactivitiesintheareaincludewhitewaterrafting,hikingandmountainbiking.TheCamargue,FranceTheCamargueisawildregionofvastandemptybeacheswherewhitehorseswander.Youarealoneonthebeachifyouwish,eveninthepeaksummermonths.Duringthesummer,asustainablebeachclub,L’OyatPlage,evenshowsuponthesand,drawingthekitesurfingset.AcmodationrangesfromaruralstayonatraditionalcoworhorsefarmtothefivestarhotelversionofthefarmstayatLeMasdePeint.Alentejo,PortugalPeoplearecallingAlentejo“Europe’sbestkeptsecret”.Alentejo’suninterruptedbeachextendsfornearly28milesandtheremotesettlementsofportaandMelidesaretheperfectplacestostayandrestfromeverydaylife.Inadditiontoitswonderfulbeach,theregionisknownforbeingPortugal’slargestwineproduceraswellasforhavingthemostmarkedhikingpathsinthecountry.1.Whereshouldvisitorsgotoexperiencefishermen’slifeinCostadelaLuz?A.Cadiz. B.Huelva. C.ElRompido. D.Mazagón.2.WhatarevisitorsremendedtodoinSt.Moritzinsummer?A.Rideahorseonthebeach. B.Hikewithsportscelebrities.C.Skifreelyalongmountains. D.Enjoyvarioussportsonalake.3.Whatdothelasttwoplaceshaveinmon?A.Theyhavewonderfulbeaches. B.Theyhostinternationalkiteevents.C.TheyarePortugal’swineproducers. D.Theyfeaturedangeroushikingpaths.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要講述了歐洲夏季避暑的四個推薦目的地。【1題詳解】細節理解題。由文章CostadelaLuz,Spain部分中“HighlightsincludethebeautifulfishingvillageofElRompido,thegreatfoodsceneinthetownofCadizandthewildbeachesaroundHuelva(betweenMazagónandMatalasca?as).(亮點包括風景如畫的ElRompido漁村、Cadiz鎮的美食盛況以及Huelva周邊（Mazagón和Matalasca?as之間）的野生海灘。)”可知，在CostadelaLuz，游客應該去ElRompido體驗漁民的生活。故選C。【2題詳解】細節理解題。由文章St.Moritz,Switzerland部分中“MostofthefamouspeopleareinSt.Moritzduringthewintertime,butinsummer,youcanreplaceskiingalongthesurroundingSwissAlpswithboating,swimmingandwindsurfingonthetown’slake.(雖然大多數名人在冬季前往St.Moritz，但在夏季，你可以在環繞St.Moritz的SwissAlps滑雪，也可以在鎮上的湖上劃船、游泳和玩帆板。)”可知，在夏天，游客可以在St.Moritz的湖上享受各種運動。故選D。【3題詳解】細節理解題。由文章TheCamargue,France部分中“TheCamargueisawildregionofvastandemptybeacheswherewhitehorseswander.(TheCamargue是一片廣闊而空曠的野生海灘區域，白色野馬在此游蕩。)”和Alentejo,Portugal部分中“Alentejo’suninterruptedbeachextendsfornearly28milesandtheremotesettlementsofportaandMelidesaretheperfectplacestostayandrestfromeverydaylife.(Alentejo綿延近28英里的未受干擾的海灘，以及偏遠的porta和Melides聚居地，是遠離日常生活、放松身心的理想之地。)”可知，這兩個地方的共同點是它們都有美麗的海灘。故選A。BAfewyearsago,RachelHarder,afourthgradeteacher,attendedatrauma(精神創傷)conference.Shelearnedthatsomepolicestationspartneredwithschoolssotheycouldletteachersknowwhenoneoftheirstudentshadapoliceencounter,somethingthatcouldcausethestudenttoneedextracareorattention.“Ilovedthisideaandfiguredtherehadtobeawaytomakethisworkwithinmyownclassroommunity,”Rachelsaid.Ayearaftertheconference,Rachelhadastudentwithautism(自閉癥)whofrequentlyhadtoughdays.Tosupporther,Racheltoldthestudent’smothertosimplytexther“handlewithcare”toletherknowwhenitwasgoingtobeoneofthosedays.“Iknewthatwhenshetextedme,itmeantthatherdaughterneededsomeextratimeandaquietlocation,notthegymformorningannouncements,sothattherestofherdaywentsmoothly,”Rachelsaid.ThesimplemethodwassuchasuccessthatRacheldecidedtosendallofherstudentshomewithanotefortheirparents.Itexplainedwhatthe“HandlewithCare”systemwasandhowtheycouldtakeadvantageofit.Innotime,parentsbegantoshowtheirappreciationforRachel’sincredibleactofkindness.ButRachel’skindnessdidn’tendwithherclass.Newsabouttheamazingsystemspread,andteachersacrossthecountrybegangivingitashotintheirownclassrooms.PrintoutscanbefoundontheSmartSchoolHousewebsite,andthefeedback(反饋)hasbeenextremelypositive!“Theparentsjustletmeknowitwasahardmorningfortheirchildren,”Rachelsaid.“Idon’tneedtoknowdetailsbutparentslikethatknowI’mkeepinganextraeyeonthem.”Racheladded,“Eventhoughteacherscansometimestellwhenastudentishavingatoughdaybythewaythey’reacting,thesesimpletextsalloweducatorstomakeminoradjustmentsinadvancethatinturnmakethewholedaybetterforeveryone.”4.Whydoestheauthorwriteparagraph1?A.Toshowmanystudentsarementallyunhealthy.B.TointroducetheinspirationforRachel’ssystem.C.Toanalyzethecausesofstudents’healthproblems.D.Toemphasizeparentsshouldunderstandtheirkids.5.HowmightRacheltreatthegirlstudentwithtoughdays?A.Bymunicatingwithherforalongtime. B.Bytakinghertothegymforannouncements.C.Bydrivingherbackhomeassoonaspossible. D.Bygivinghersometimealoneinaquietplace.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutRachel’s“HandlewithCare”system?A.Itiswellreceived. B.Itendswithherclass.C.Itstillconfusesparents. D.Itneedsfurthertesting.7.WhatdoRachel’swordsinthelastparagraphsuggest?A.Studentsareresponsiblefortheirownhealth.BIt’seasytotellifastudentishavingatoughday.C.Educatorsneedn’talwaysforttheirstudents.D.Thereminderofstudents’emotionalproblemsmatters.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了四年級教師RachelHarder受警察與學校合作模式的啟發，在班級推行“小心呵護”系統并取得成功，該系統還在全國傳播。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段中“Afewyearsago,RachelHarder,afourthgradeteacher,attendedatrauma(精神創傷)conference.

Shelearnedthatsomepolicestationspartneredwithschoolssotheycouldletteachersknowwhenoneoftheirstudentshadapoliceencounter,somethingthatcouldcausethestudenttoneedextracareorattention.(幾年前，四年級教師RachelHarder參加了一個創傷學會議。她了解到一些警察局與學校合作，這樣當學生與警察有接觸時，他們可以讓老師知道，這種情況可能會導致學生需要額外的照顧或關注)”和第二段中RachelHarder的話“Ilovedthisideaandfiguredtherehadtobeawaytomakethisworkwithinmyownclassroommunity(我喜歡這個想法，我想一定有一種方法可以在我自己的課堂社區中實現這一目標)”可推知，第一段是為了介紹Rachel的“小心呵護”系統的靈感來源，即源于她在參加的創傷學會議中了解到的警校合作。故選B項。【5題詳解】細節理解題。根據第四段中“Iknewthatwhenshetextedme,itmeantthatherdaughterneededsomeextratimeandaquietlocation,notthegymformorningannouncements,sothattherestofherdaywentsmoothly(我知道當她給我發短信時，這意味著她的女兒需要一些額外的時間和一個安靜的地方，而不是去體育館參加早間通告，這樣她一天剩下的時間才能順利度過)”可知，Rachel會讓這個女孩在安靜的地方獨處一段時間。故選D項。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第五段中“Innotime,parentsbegantoshowtheirappreciationforRachel’sincredibleactofkindness.(很快，家長們就開始對瑞秋令人難以置信的善舉表示感激)”和第六段中“Newsabouttheamazingsystemspread,andteachersacrossthecountrybegangivingitashotintheirownclassrooms.PrintoutscanbefoundontheSmartSchoolHousewebsite,andthefeedback(反饋)hasbeenextremelypositive!(關于這個驚人系統的消息傳開了，全國各地的教師開始在自己的課堂上嘗試使用它。在智能學校之家網站上可以找到相關打印資料，反饋非常積極!)”可知，Rachel的“小心呵護”系統很受歡迎。故選A項。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中Rachel的話“Eventhoughteacherscansometimestellwhenastudentishavingatoughdaybythewaythey’reacting,thesesimpletextsalloweducatorstomakeminoradjustmentsinadvancethatinturnmakethewholedaybetterforeveryone.(盡管老師們有時可以通過學生的行為判斷出他們什么時候過得不好，但這些簡單的短信讓教育工作者能夠提前做出一些小調整，從而讓每個人的一整天都過得更好)”可知，最后一段中Rachel的話表明對學生情緒問題的提醒很重要。故選D項。CTheindustrialsolvent(溶劑)trichloroethylene(TCE)wasonceaningredientintheprocessofremovingcaffeinefromcoffee.However,itwasbannedbythefoodindustryinthe1970s.Despitethat,itisstillanecessaryelementinsomehouseholdproducts,suchascleaningwipes,toolcleaners,paintremovers,carpetcleanersandspotremovers.IntheUnitedKingdom,drycleanersstoppedusingitinthemid1950s,butaccordingtoPublicHealthEngland,itstillplaysanecessarypartinmetalcleaning.Aglobalstudyin2021foundTCEincreasedtheriskofdevelopingParkinson’sdisease,aprogressivedisorderthataffectsthenervoussystemandthepartsofthebodycontrolledbythenerves.ItissaidthattheharmfulchemicalwasfuelingrisingnumbersofcasesofParkinson’sdiseaseacrosstheworld.AboutonemillionpeopleintheUScurrentlysufferfromthecondition.Doctorsdiagnose(診斷)60,000Americanseachyear.BrianGrant,whoplayedfor12yearsintheNBA,wasdiagnosedattheageof36.ThestudyauthorssayhewasexposedtoTCEwhenhewasjustthreeyearsold.Helivedwithhisfather,aUSMarineatCampLejeunewhereTCEhasbeenfoundpollutingthemilitarybase.AmyLindbergwassimilarlyexposedtherewhileservingasaUSNavycaptain.ShewasdiagnosedwithParkinson’sdisease40yearslater.Thestudyalsodetailsotherswhoseconditionwastheresultoflivingclosetoapollutedsiteorworkingwiththechemicaldirectly.TheUSaloneishometothousandsofpollutedsites.Researcherssaythecountryneedstospeedupcleaningandcontrollingefforts.TheyarguethatTCEshouldbefurtherlimitedinuseandbereplacedbyotherchemicalsassoonaspossible.Besides,TCElevelsingroundwater,drinkingwater,soil,andoutdoorandindoorairrequireclosermonitoring,andtheinformationneedstobesharedwiththosewholiveandworknearpollutedsites.8.WhatmakesTCEanecessaryelementinhouseholdproducts?A.Itsenvironmentfriendlyproperty. B.Itseasyavailabilityindailylife.C.Itsoutstandingcleaningability. D.Itspowerofensuringproductsafety.9.Whatdidtheglobalstudyin2021show?A.TheyoungtendedtodevelopParkinson’sdisease. B.TCEandParkinson’sdiseasewerecloselyrelated.C.Parkinson’sdiseasewascausedbyplexfactors. D.Parkinson’sdiseaseprovedmoredeadlythanbefore.10.WhatcanbeknownaboutBrianGrantandAmyLindbergmentionedinparagraph4?A.TheyfellsickshortlyafterjoiningtheUSNavy. B.TheyworkedwiththechemicalofTCEdirectly.C.TheysufferedbecauseoftheirexposuretoTCE. D.TheywerediagnosedwithParkinson’sdiseaseearly.11.Whichofthefollowingshowstheresearchers’opinion?A.TCElevelsintheairareimpossibletomonitor. B.MeasuresofhandlingTCEshouldbestricter.C.Theuseofchemicalsrequiresmorefreedom. D.EffortstoreplaceTCEhaveprovenverysimple.【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。研究發現，一種常用于清潔產品的化學物質TCE會增加人們患帕金森病的風險。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段“Despitethat,itisstillanecessaryelementinsomehouseholdproducts,suchascleaningwipes,toolcleaners,paintremovers,carpetcleanersandspotremovers.IntheUnitedKingdom,drycleanersstoppedusingitinthemid1950s,butaccordingtoPublicHealthEngland,itstillplaysanecessarypartinmetalcleaning.(盡管如此，它仍然是一些家用產品中的必要元素，如清潔濕巾、工具清潔劑、除漆劑、地毯清潔劑和除斑劑。在英國，干洗店在20世紀50年代中期停止使用它，但據英國公共衛生部稱，它在金屬清潔中仍然起著必要的作用。)”可知，TCE有不錯的清潔能力，因此它成為家用產品中必不可少的元素。故選C。【9題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段“Aglobalstudyin2021foundTCEincreasedtheriskofdevelopingParkinson’sdisease,aprogressivedisorderthataffectsthenervoussystemandthepartsofthebodycontrolledbythenerves.ItissaidthattheharmfulchemicalwasfuelingrisingnumbersofcasesofParkinson’sdiseaseacrosstheworld.(2021年的一項全球研究發現，TCE增加了患帕金森病的風險，帕金森病是一種影響神經系統和神經控制的身體部位的進行性疾病。據說，這種有害化學物質正在助長世界各地帕金森病病例的增加。)”可知，2021年的一項全球性研究發現，TCE會增加人們患帕金森病的風險，換言之，TCE和帕金森病密切相關。故選B。【10題詳解】細節理解題。根據第四段“BrianGrant,whoplayedfor12yearsintheNBA,wasdiagnosedattheageof36.ThestudyauthorssayhewasexposedtoTCEwhenhewasjustthreeyearsold.Helivedwithhisfather,aUSMarineatCampLejeunewhereTCEhasbeenfoundpollutingthemilitarybase.AmyLindbergwassimilarlyexposedtherewhileservingasaUSNavycaptain.ShewasdiagnosedwithParkinson’sdisease40yearslater.(布萊恩·格蘭特在NBA打了12年球，36歲時被診斷出患有此病。該研究的作者說，他三歲時就接觸過TCE。他與父親住在勒瓊營地，父親是一名美國海軍陸戰隊員，在那里發現TCE污染了軍事基地。艾米·林德伯格在擔任美國海軍上尉期間也同樣暴露在那里。40年后，她被診斷出患有帕金森病。)”可知，第四段提到的這兩個人都因為曾經接觸TCE而被診斷患有帕金森病。故選C。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Researcherssaythecountryneedstospeedupcleaningandcontrollingefforts.TheyarguethatTCEshouldbefurtherlimitedinuseandbereplacedbyotherchemicalsassoonaspossible.Besides,TCElevelsingroundwater,drinkingwater,soil,andoutdoorandindoorairrequireclosermonitoring,andtheinformationneedstobesharedwiththosewholiveandworknearpollutedsites.(研究人員表示，該國需要加快清潔和控制工作。他們認為，應進一步限制TCE的使用，并盡快用其他化學品取代。此外，地下水、飲用水、土壤以及室外和室內空氣中的TCE水平需要更密切的監測，這些信息需要與在污染場地附近生活和工作的人共享。)”可知，研究人員們建議采取多種措施擺脫使用TCE和檢測生活中的TCE含量。由此可推斷，研究人員們會贊同“處理TCE的措施應該更嚴格。”這一觀點。故選B。D“We’velosttheideaofnursesasauthorityfigures,”authorSarahDiGregoriowritesinhernewbookTakingCare:TheStoryofNursingandItsPowertoChangetheWorld.Asnursestodayfightforbetterpayandmorerespectfortheirwork,DiGregoriopointsoutinthebookthatcenturiesago,theywereregardedasanessentialpartofthehealthcaresysteminmanycivilizationstheyreceivedrespectfortheirknowledgeandskillsintreatingthesick,datingbacktoancienttimesinIndiaandtheIslamicworld.Bothdoctorsandnurseshadtohaveknowledgeaboutmedications,butitwasthenurseswhocaredforpatientsdirectly,accordingtoCharakaSamhita,akeyIndianmedicaltextfrom2,000yearsago.Theyhadtohavehandsonskillswithpatientsaswellasgoodcharacter,kindnessandinterpersonalskills.Inthe600s.publichealthcarebecameveryimportantintheearlyIslamicworld.Thehospitalshadprofessionalnurses,bothmenandwomen.TheopeningofnewmedicalschoolsinEuropeduringtheMiddleAgesledinanagethatslowlypushedwomennursesoutofmedicineandhealthcare.Thenewmedicalschools,whichonlyallowedmen,startedturningoutanewprofessionalclassofphysicianswhowereallmenwithsocialstatus,DiGregorioobserves.Onlythosewithalicensefromoneofthesemedicalschoolscouldpracticemedicine.Shecitesscenesfromcourtcaseswherepopularwomennursesweretriedandpunished.FlorenceNightingaleisoftencreditedasaforceinrecoveringtheimportanceofnurses,buthervisionoftheprofessionhadnegativeimpactsthathaveremainedtothisday,arguesDiGregorio.“Nightingaleviewednursingasanallfemaleprofessionthatwassubordinatetophysicians,whichsetupthisideathatnurseswereassistantstophysicians,”writesDiGregorio.“Nightingaletookherordersfromthephysiciansandneverchallengedtheirauthority.Ifaphysicianhadnotorderedwaterforadyingman,shewouldnotgivethemanwater,”writesDiGregorio,whodrawsherfindingsfromnursinghistorianswhohavestudiedNightingale.12.WhatdidnursesdoaccordingtoanoldIndianmedicaltext?A.Theyprovideddirectpatientcare. B.Theystrictlyfolloweddoctors'orders.C.Theyrefusedtolearnaboutmedications. D.Theyguideddoctorstopracticemedicine.13.Whatphenomenonismainlydescribedinparagraph4?A.Mennurseswereslowlydisappearing. B.Thenursingprofessionwaspetitive.C.Womennurseswerelosingtheirpower. D.NursingschoolsinEuropedecreased.14.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“subordinateto”inparagraph5mostprobablymean?A.Takinginterestin. B.Lessimportantthan.C.Payingnoattentionto. D.Closelyconnectedwith.15.Fromwhichisthetextmostprobablytaken?A.Anintroductiontoanewbook. B.Areportonanauthor'sexperience.C.Anessayontheimportanceofnursing. D.Ahistorybookofafamousnurse'sstories.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要簡介了SarahDiGregorio的新書，其內容是護士這一職業的歷史演變過程。【12題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段“Bothdoctorsandnurseshadtohaveknowledgeaboutmedications,butitwasthenurseswhocaredforpatientsdirectly,accordingtoCharakaSamhita,akeyIndianmedicaltextfrom2,000yearsago.(醫生和護士都必須了解藥物，但根據2000年前印度重要的醫學文獻《查拉卡薩姆希塔》的說法，直接照顧病人的是護士。)”可知，根據一篇古老的印度醫學文獻記載，當時的護士直接護理病人。故選A。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段“Thehospitalshadprofessionalnurses,bothmenandwomen.(醫院里有專業的護士，男女都有。)”及第四段，尤其是“Shecitesscenesfromcourtcaseswherepopularwomennursesweretriedandpunished.(她引用了一些法庭案件的場景，在這些案件中，受歡迎的女護士受到審判和懲罰。)”可推斷，第四段主要描述了女護士漸漸失去她們的權力的現象。故選C。【14題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據畫線詞后非限定性定語從句“whichsetupthisideathatnurseswereassistantstophysicians(建立了護士是醫生助手的觀念)”可推斷，南丁格爾認為護理是一種全女性的職業，從屬于醫生。畫線詞subordinate為“次要的；從屬的”之意。故選B。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段““We’velosttheideaofnursesasauthorityfigures,”authorSarahDiGregoriowritesinhernewbookTakingCare:TheStoryofNursingandItsPowertoChangetheWorld.(我們已經失去了護士作為權威人物的觀念，”作家SarahDiGregorio在她的新書《護理：護理的故事及其改變世界的力量》中寫道。)”及通讀全文，尤其是文中出現的關鍵詞writes可推斷，本文選自對一本新書的介紹。故選A。第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Creativityisadvocatedeverywherethesedays.Butmostofusdon’tknowhowtosetitoff.Herearesomewaystostarttheprocess.Workinablueroom.Aswegrowup,colorstakeonspecificassociations.Redmeansdanger,andbluerelatestopeace.____16____.Inoneexperiment,peoplefacingaredputerscreendidbetteratdetailorientedtaskslikeproofreading.Volunteerswhofacedabluescreendidbetteratcreativetasks.Thatstudyappearedin2009inthejournalScience.Whythedifference?____17____.Blue,ontheotherhand,tellsuswecanrelaxandlettheimaginationrunfree.Sleeponit.Sleephelpsgeneratenewideasinseveralways.Duringsleep,thebrainstrengthensmemories.Thatactofstrengtheningactuallyreorganizesthoughts,muchlikereorganizingbooksonashelf.____18____.Andthathalfawakeperiodrightbeforewefallasleeporwhenwewakeupmayalsohelpusfocusonaproblem.____19____.Thesleeponitsolutiononlyworksbestwhenpeoplefeelthattheyaregettingclosetoananswerthatismostlikelytobesolvedbywaitingaday.Liveinaforeignland.Peoplewhohadlivedabroadperformedbetteroncreativeproblemsandtasks.AweekinParisisn’tenoughtolightthecreativespark,delightfulthoughthattripmaybe.____20____.AWatchafunnyvideoB.SuchassociationsaffecthowwethinkC.However,don’texpectthistoworkeverytimeD.Redmakesusanxious,andanxietycausesustofocusE.ThenewarrangementcanhelpgeneratenewassociationsF.Ifwecanletourmindwander,wearemorelikelytosolvetheproblemG.Ithastobelongenoughtochallengeourhabitualwaysofthinkingandliving【答案】16.B17.D18.E19.C20.G【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了幾個激發創造力的方法。【16題詳解】根據上文“Workinablueroom.Aswegrowup,colorstakeonspecificassociations.Redmeansdanger,andbluerelatestopeace.(在藍色的房間里工作。隨著我們的成長，顏色會產生特定的聯想。紅色代表危險，藍色代表和平)”可知，上文解釋了顏色和思維的關聯性，推測本句總結這種聯系對我們的影響。故B選項“這種關聯影響我們的思維方式”符合語境，故選B。【17題詳解】根據后文“Blue,ontheotherhand,tellsuswecanrelaxandlettheimaginationrunfree.(另一方面，藍色告訴我們可以放松，讓想象力自由馳騁)”可知，后文提到了藍色帶給人的影響，推測本句是在說明藍色的對立面。故D選項“紅色使我們焦慮，而焦慮使我們集中注意力”符合語境，故選D。【18題詳解】根據上文“Sleeponit.Sleephelpsgeneratenewideasinseveralways.Duringsleep,thebrainstrengthensmemories.Thatactofstrengtheningactuallyreorganizesthoughts,muchlikereorganizingbooksonashelf.(好好睡一覺。睡眠可以從幾個方面幫助產生新想法。在睡眠中，大腦加強記憶。這種強化的行為實際上重組了思想，就像重組書架上的書一樣)”可知，上文提到了重組，“reorganizes”及“reorganizing”對應E選項中newarrangement。故E選項“新的安排有助于產生新的聯系”符合語境，故選E。【19題詳解】根據后文“Thesleeponitsolutiononlyworksbestwhenpeoplefeelthattheyaregettingclosetoananswerthatismostlikelytobesolvedbywaitingaday.(只有當人們覺得他們正在接近一個最有可能通過等待一天來解決的答案時，這種睡眠解決方案才最有效)”可知，可知，空后談到只有當我們對難題作了大量思考后，睡覺才有用：否則這一招就不會靈驗，故C選項“但是，不要期望每次都有效”符合語境，故選C。【20題詳解】根據上文“Liveinaforeignland.Peoplewhohadlivedabroadperformedbetteroncreativeproblemsandtasks.AweekinParisisn’tenoughtolightthecreativespark,delightfulthoughthattripmaybe.(在異國他鄉生活。在國外生活過的人在創造性問題和任務上表現得更好。在巴黎的一個星期并不足以點燃創意的火花，盡管那次旅行可能會很愉快)”可知，上文提到了在巴黎的一個星期并不足以點燃創意的火花，說明時間要足夠長才能在創造性問題和任務上表現得更好。故G選項“它必須足夠長的時間來挑戰我們習慣性的思維和生活方式”符合語境，故選G。第三部分語言運用（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Lastyear,whensomefriendsofmineleftChina,Iwasaskedtoteachthestudentstheyleftbehind.Itwasa____21____experienceformesinceIhadneverbeenaprivateteacherbefore.Atfirst,IwasnotsurewhetherIwouldlikeitornotandIwas____22____toaccept.However,itturnedouttobeoneofthe____23____decisionsIhaveevermadesinceIarrivedinChina.Ithasgivenmeuniqueopportunitiestoattendsomeextremelyremarkable____24____andmeetmanyveryinterestingpeople.Hereisoneofthemost____25____momentsIhavehadwiththem.LessthanayearafterItookontheparttimejobs,Ibecameso____26____toonefamilythatIwasinvitedtoattendabirthdaycelebrationforthefamily’sgrandmother.LittledidIrealizeitwouldevenincludea____27____performancebyatrainedPekingoperaprofessionalinthelivingroom.Onthe____28____night,Iarrivedtoteachmyclassasscheduled.Butonmyarrival,IwastoldthatIshouldsitdownand____29____.Icouldsensethattheywereexcitedfortheir______30______.AssoonasI______31______besidethegrandmother,aChineseflute(長笛)playercameintothelivingroomandstartedplayingabeautifultune.ThenaPekingoperaactressentered.Shewasdressedinfullcostumeand______32______amazingmakeup.Sheperformedforaboutthirtyminutesandthenstoppedtogivethegrandmotherandmeafew______33______ontheoperastances(站姿).Bothofuscloselyfollowedherinstructions.Theperformancewasatotalsurprisetothegrandmotherandme.Alltheeveningwewerevery______34______.WhenIleftthefamilylateintheevening,Icouldnothelpaskingmyself,“WereIina______35______?Otherwise,howcouldPekingOperabeperformedinalivingroom?”21.A.sad B.practical C.great D.new22.A.grateful B.unwilling C.unconcerned D.delighted23.A.best B.hardest C.quickest D.silliest24.A.classes B.events C.contests D.weddings25.A.unpleasant B.challenging C.boring D.unforgettable26.A.similar B.useful C.close D.deaf27.A.petitive B.live C.bad D.funny28.A.rainy B.unlucky C.particular D.long29.A.study B.sing C.hide D.relax30.A.secret B.food C.decoration D.homework31.A.stoodup B.settleddown C.gavein D.walkedaway32.A.wore B.tried C.showed D.created33.A.tips B.judgments C.tests D.congratulations34.A.scared B.confused C.excited D.relieved35.A.hurry B.mess C.shock D.dream【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.B25.D26.C27.B28.C29.D30.A31.B32.A33.A34.C35.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者意外參加的一場京劇表演的經歷。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這對我來說是一次新經歷，因為我以前從未當過家教。A.sad悲傷的；B.practical實用的；C.great偉大的；D.new新的。根據后文“sinceIhadneverbeenaprivateteacherbefore”可知，作者以前從未當過家教，因此這次經歷對他來說是新的。故選D。【22題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：起初，我不確定自己是否喜歡，而且我是不愿意接受的。A.grateful感激的；B.unwilling不愿意的；C.unconcerned不關心的；D.delighted高興的。根據前文“Atfirst,IwasnotsurewhetherIwouldlikeitornot”可知，作者起初不確定自己是否喜歡這份工作，所以是不情愿接受的。故選B。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，事實證明，這是我來到中國后做出的最好的決定之一。A.best最好的；B.hardest最艱難的；C.quickest最快的；D.silliest最愚蠢的。根據后文“Ithasgivenmeuniqueopportunitiestoattendsomeextremelyremarkable4andmeetmanyveryinterestingpeople”可知，這份工作給了作者獨特的機會，所以這是作者做出的最好的決定之一。故選A。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它給了我獨特的機會去參加一些非常了不起的事，遇到很多非常有趣的人。A.classes班級；B.events事件；C.contests比賽；D.weddings婚禮。根據前文“Ithasgivenmeuniqueopportunitiestoatt