2024—2025學年湖南省長沙市麓山國際實驗學校高三下學期入學考試英語試卷

一、閱讀理解(★★)DigitalDiscoveryWorkshopsPacSci’sDigitalDiscoveryWorkshopsbringuniquescienceexperiencestoyouonyourownschedule.PacScieducatorsjoinyoulivefromourDigitalLearningStudiotoengagelearnersinSTEMconceptsthroughreal-timedemonstrations,sampleclose-ups,andinteractivesoftwareandvideos.WhoArethesefor?DigitalDiscoveryWorkshopsaredesignedforPreK-12gradersjoiningfromclassrooms,after-schoolsettings,libraryprograms,orothercommunitygroups.Costs&Booking·1-99participants:$250·100-199participants:$350·200-299participants:$450·300+participants:$550Qualifiedlow-incomeschoolsmayreceiveupto100%offDigitalDiscoveryWorkshopsrates.Programsshouldbebookedatleast2weeksinadvance.Webookonarollingcalendaryearsowecanscheduleasfarinadvanceasyoulike!HowTheyWork·PacScieducatorssendyouaprivateZoomlink,orjoinavirtualplatformofyourchoice.·PacScieducatorsguideparticipantsthroughdemonstrationsandactivitiesastheyfacilitateactivestudentparticipation.·Eachprogramincludesanoptionalfollow-alongworksheet,aswellasconnectedextensionactivities,readinglists,andvideostousebeforeandaftertheprogram.WhatYouWillNeed·Oneshareddevicewithalargescreenandspeakersorindividualdevices·Internetconnection·Accesstoyourselectedvirtualplatform,suchasZoom·Awebcamandmicrophoneonparticipantdevice(s)·Anadultorvolunteermustbepresenttohelpfacilitate1.WhatistheaimoftheDigitalDiscoveryWorkshops?

A．Topromotedigitallearning.B．Toimprovescienceeducation.C．Todiscovertalentedlearners.D．Toenjoyinteractiveexperience.2.WhatdoweknowtheDigitalDiscoveryWorkshops?

A．Theyalwaysemployfamouseducators.B．Theycoverfullcostsonsomeconditions.C．Theyacceptadvancebookingatanytime.D．Theyareappropriateforuniversitystudents.3.Whatareparticipantsexpectedtodo?

A．Sharepersonaldevices.B．Accesspopularplatforms.C．Engagewithassistance.D．Takephotosviawebcams.(★★★)Ilovedtoargue.Myfixationonbeingrighthadbeenamainstayinmylifeandhadoftenstirreduptroubleinmyfamily;thereweremomentswhenmymarriagebecamestrainedandmykidsgrewdistant.ThelongestfightIhadwaswithmyparents,anditdraggedonfornearlyayear.Myhabitseemedimmortal.Untilanafternoonwithmygranddaughteropenedmyeyestotheimpactmybehaviourwashavingonthepeoplearoundme.Wewereplayingaboardgamewhenshemadeamovethatbroketherules.Icorrectedher,butsheendedupmakingthesamemistakeagain.Ireadtherulesoutloudandaskedifshegotitthistime.Shesmiledatmeandshookherhead.“Grandpa,whyareyousostubborn?”sheasked.“It’sjustagame.We’reheretohavefun,aren’twe?”Somethingaboutherwordsreallyhithome.Weweren’ttheretoberight,weweretheretoenjoyourselves—howtomovethepieceswasmerelyabackdrop.Whattrulymatteredwasourbondandthemomentsweshared.Afewdayslater,mysoncameoverfordinner.Duringthemeal,hesharedaviewpointthatstruckmeasbaseless.Typically,Iwouldhavelaunchedmyselfheadfirstintoaheateddebatewithhim.Butthistime,asIpartedmylipstorespond,Ifoundmyselfpoppingaforkfulofpieintomymouthinstead,enjoyingitquietly.Mytolerancesurprisedme,butwhatreallytookmybreathawayasIlistenedtohimwasanewfounddesiretounderstandhim.Thisexperiencebroughtmeajoythatfarsurpassed(超出)thefleetingsatisfactionofwinninganargument.Inhindsight(事后想),mydrivetowinhadn’treallybeenaboutseekingthetruth,butaboutshowingIwasbetterthaneveryoneelse.Bylettinggo,IgainedwaymorethanIeverdidbypushingback.NowIrecognisethatarguingatthedinnertableismuchlikedecidingtodrinkanextracupofcoffee.Itisamatterofself-discipline.Ihadalwaysunderstoodthisconceptintheory,butittookaseven-year-old’sinterventionformetoapplyit.4.Whatdidtheauthor’spassionforargumentcontributeto?

A．Damagedrelationship.B．Moraldevelopment.C．Troublesomechildren.D．Bittersweetmarriage.5.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromhisgranddaughter’swords?

A．Goodhabitswerehardtodevelop.B．Rulesdidn’tworkinaboardgame.C．Adultsweremoreseriousthankids.D．Connectionwasmorevitalthanright.6.Whatsurprisedtheauthormostduringthedinner?

A．Theawarenessoftolerance.B．Theflavourofthetastyfood.C．Thebriefjoyfromwinning.D．Theurgetounderstandothers.7.Whydoestheauthormentionanextracupoftea?

A．Tospreadacomplexconcept.B．Tohighlighttheneedfortruth.C．Toidentifytherootofhishabit.D．Tocomparetwodailyactivities.(★★★)Morethanhalfoftheworld’slargestlakeshavelostsignificantamountsofwateroverthelastthreedecades,androughlyone-quarteroftheworld’spopulationlivesinthebasinofadryinglake,accordingtoanewstudybyateamofinternationalscientists,whichpinstheblamelargelyonclimatechangeandexcessive(過度的)wateruse.Whilelakescoveronlyaround3%oftheplanet,theyholdnearly90%ofitsliquidsurfacefreshwaterandareprimarysourcesofdrinkingwater,irrigationandpower,andtheyprovidevitalhabitats(棲息地)foranimalsandplants.Acrosstheworld,themostsignificantlakesareseeingsharpdeclines.TheColoradoRiver’sLakeMeadinSouthwestUShasshrunkdramaticallyduetoamegadrought(大干旱)anddecadesofoveruse.TheCaspianSea,betweenAsiaandEuropetheworld’slargestinlandbodyofwaterhaslongbeendeclining.Theshrinkingofmanylakeshasbeenwelldocumentedbyenvironmentalgroups,butthereasonsbehindithavebeenhardlyexamined,saidFangfangYao,thestudy’sleadauthorandavisitingscholarattheCooperativeInstituteforResearchinEnvironmentalSciencesattheUniversityofColoradoBoulder.Theresearchersusedsatellitemeasurementsofnearly2,000oftheworld’slargestlakes,whichtogetherrepresent95%ofEarth’stotallakewaterstorage.Examiningmorethan250,000satelliteimagesspanningfrom1992to2020,alongwithclimatemodels,theywereabletoreconstructthehistoryofthelakesgoingbackdecades.“Theresultswerestaggering,”Yaosaid.“It’salittlescarytoseehowmanyfreshwatersystemsareunabletostoreasmuchwaterastheyusedto.”“Asmanypartsoftheworldbecomehotteranddrier,lakesmustbemanagedproperly.Otherwiseclimatechangeandhumanactivitiescanleadtodryingsoonerthanwethink,”Yaoadded.8.Whatmightbetheauthor’spurposeinwritingthesecondparagraph?

A．Tobroadenreaders’horizons.B．Toencouragereaderstoprotectwildlife.C．Tolightenreaders’worriesoverwatershortage.D．Toshowshrinkageoflakesshouldbetakenseriously.9.Whathasenvironmentalgroupsignored?

A．Therecordingofshrinkinglakes.B．Theinfluenceofwatershortage.C．Causesoftheshrinkageofmanylakes.D．Measurestostoptheshrinkageoflakes.10.WhatcanwelearnaboutthenewstudyfromParagraph5?

A．It’sscientifically-grounded.B．It’smuch-debated.C．It’scommercially-successful.D．It’spartially-acceptable.11.Whichdoestheunderlinedword“staggering”probablymeaninParagraph6?

A．Puzzling.B．Shocking.C．Inspiring.D．Amazing.(★★★★)Confirmationbiasreferstopeople’stendencytoseekoutinformationthatsupportstheirexistingbeliefs.Whileit’susuallysubconscious,itsimpactsaresignificant.Itcancloudpeople’sjudgementanddecision-makingprocesses.Oneexplanationforconfirmationbiasisthatitisanefficientwaytoprocessinformation.Humansareconstantlyfedwithinformationandcannotpossiblytakethetimetocarefullyprocesseachpiece.Itisadaptiveforhumanstorelyonsubconscious,automaticjudgementsthatcontributetotheefficiency.Anotherreasonwhypeopleshowconfirmationbiasistoprotecttheirself-worth.Peopleliketofeelgoodaboutthemselves,anddiscoveringabelieftheyhighlyvalueisincorrectmakesthemfeelbadaboutthemselves.Therefore,confirmationbiaswillencouragethemtodisregardtheinformationcontrarytotheirbelief.Researchesshowthatconfirmationbiasisstrongandwidespread.Instudiesexaminingmy-sidebias,peoplewereabletogenerateandremembermorereasonssupportingtheirsideofacontroversialissuethantheopposingside.Onlywhenaresearcherdirectlyaskedpeopletogenerateargumentsagainsttheirownbeliefsweretheyabletodoso.Itisnotthatpeopleareincapableofgeneratingargumentsthatarecontrarytotheirbeliefs,but,rather,peoplearenotmotivatedtodoso.Confirmationbiasalsosurfacesininterpersonalcommunication.Wheninteractingwithpeoplewhoperceiversthinkhavecertainpersonalities,theperceiverswillaskquestionsthatarebiasedtowardsupportingtheperceivers’beliefs.Ifanewroommateisexpectedtobefriendlyandoutgoing,Mariamayaskherifshelikestogotopartiesratherthanaskingifsheoftenstudiesinthelibrary.Confirmationbiasmayleadtoincompleteandmisinterpretedunderstandingofanissueortopic,ascrucialinformationmaybeoverlookedordismissed.Thus,toavoidit,peoplearesupposedtodiversifythesourcesofinformationaccessedasseekingmultipleperspectivesbringsabroaderunderstandingofthesubjectmatterandallowsforwell-roundeddecision-making.Anotherwayistoactivelychallengethebiasbyquestioningassumptionsandrelyingonevidenceratherthanpersonalopinions,whichhelpsusconsciouslyrecognizeinformationalbiasesandminimizetheirimpact.12.Whydopeopleshowconfirmationbias?

A．Tohelpmaintaintheirdignity.B．Topreventshallowjudgements.C．Tohandlecomplexinformation.D．Todeveloptheirlogicalreasoning.13.WhatdidthestudiesinParagraph3find?

A．Peoplecouldn’tproduceargumentsagainsttheirbelief.B．Informationsupportingpeople’sbeliefoftenwonpreference.C．Ittookconsiderablemotivationtofacecontroversialissues.D．Peoplefocusedoninformationconcerningtheopposingside.14.Howdoesthewriterillustrateconfirmationbiasincommunication?

A．Bymakingcomparison.B．Bygivinganexample.C．Byintroducingastudy.D．Bydefiningaconcept.15.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A．Theroleofmy-sidebiasinenhancingpeople’sownbeliefs.B．Theeffectsofinformationoverloadondecision-makingprocess.C．Theimpactofconfirmationbiasoninterpersonalcommunication.D．Understandingofconfirmationbiasandstrategiestoovercomeit.(★★★)Humanshaveaneedtosharetheirbeliefsandvalueswithotherpeople.16.Thishasasolidlogic:Sharingemotionsandopinionscanleadtoimitation(模仿),whichcaninturncreateunityandenhancerelationships.Besidescreatingabond,anotherreasonyoumightwantsomeonetomodelthemselvesonyourfeelingsistogetthemtoaltertheirviews.17.Thechoicewilldependontheotherperson’ssituation.Ifhe/shealreadyagreeswithyou,thenyournegativitycanraisetheintensityofhis/herviews.18.Sometimes,peopleyouaretalkingtodon’talreadythinkthewayyoudo.Theywillsimplyjudgeyourstatementtobehyperbolic(浮夸的)andbiased.Andyouwon’tgetthemtoimitateyouatall.Toanevengreaterdegree,iftheydisagreewithyou,whatyousaywillhardentheirvaluesagainstyours.19.Whenpeopleareoffendedovertheopinionstheyhold,theyaremuchmorelikelytodigintotheirpositionagainstthatofthespeaker.Imagineapersoncametoyourhousewithabeautifulbunchofflowers.Butwhenyouopenedthedoor,he/shehityouwiththeflowers.20.So,ifyouwanttobemorepersuasive,considerthespecificsituationsandsharethemmorepositively—inotherwords,turnyourbeliefsandvaluesintoagift,ratherthanaweapon.

A．Onesize,however,won’tfitforall.B．Thisistheso-calledbackfireeffect.C．Allyouwouldwantistogetthepersonoutoftheway.D．Whenyoufeelstronglyaboutsomething,it’shardnottotalkaboutit.E．Thisisessentiallytheresultofusingyourflowersnegativelyasweapons.F．Toachievethegoal,youcanoutlineyourviewseitherpositivelyornegatively.G．Positiveemotionsmaybebetteratleadingtoimitationthannegativeemotions.二、完形填空(★★★)Doyourememberthenameofyourkindergartenteacher?MykindergartenteacherisMrs.White.Idon’tremembermuchaboutwhatwelearnedinherclass,butmymotheroncetoldmethatweusedto_______alot.AndIwouldbringbackwhatIwroteandshewouldlookatitandseethereweresomany_______,butnoredcorrections.Andalwaysa_______.MymomaskedMrs.Whitewhyshenever_______inthenightspellingsofwordsor_______grammaticalerrors.AndMrs.Whiteexplainedthatchildrenarejustbeginningtoget_______aboutusingwords,aboutformingsentences.Idon’twantto_______thatenthusiasmwithredink.Spellingandgrammarcanwait.The_______ofwordswon’t.ItbotheredmyhighschoolteacherthatIusedtomisspellbeautifulalot.NevercouldIquiterememberthattheewent_______thea.EventhoughIpossessgoodwritingtechniques,thiskindofspellingerrorswouldlagmebehind.Butformyhighschoolteacher’s________,thee’sanda’swouldn’thavesettledintotheirrightplacesoftheirownaccord.Mrs.Whitemusthavebeenaratherextraordinaryteacherto________suchred-pen-restraint,allowingthejoy,wonderandexcitementofexpressiontoflower,however________.Tobloomisbetterthannottobloom.Andabudoncenipped(掐)never________.AndthankstoMrs.WhiteIhadno________aboutwritingwhatImeant________Icouldn’tquitespellitout.BecauseLifeisBeautiful!21.A．playB．writeC．discussD．read22.A．mistakesB．marksC．signsD．documents23.A．dateB．gradeC．starD．number24.A．green-lightedB．yellow-colouredC．blue-paintedD．red-pencilled25.A．pointedatB．leftoutC．wrotedownD．singledout26.A．excitedB．surprisedC．confusedD．upset27.A．fuelB．shareC．dampenD．bring28.A．choiceB．wonderC．meaningD．usage29.A．aboveB．belowC．beforeD．after30.A．discouragementB．criticismC．praiseD．help31.A．exerciseB．makeC．performD．overcome32.A．uselesslyB．remarkablyC．amazinglyD．faultily33.A．diesB．opensC．sleepsD．awakes34.A．anxietyB．problemC．delightD．satisfaction35.A．owingtoB．evenifC．asifD．incase三、語法填空(★★★)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。TravelingtoChinaasaforeignerisn’tthesimplestaffair.Visaapplicationscanbecomplicated,andnavigating(穿梭)thishighlyautomatedsocietywith36.(it)owndigitalecosystemcanbefrightening.Butthingsmaybechanging.Chinahasbeenmakingeffortstoattractinternationaltravelersbyintroducingmore37.(welcome)policies.Thecountrynowoffersvisaexemptions(免簽)fordozensofnationalities,aswellas38.144-hourvisa-freetransit(運輸)policyatagrowingnumberofportsofentry.Meanwhile,mobilewalletgiantslikeAlipayandWeChathavemadetheirappsandonline39.(pay)moreforeigner-friendlybysimplifyingtheirlengthyset-upprocesses40.acceptinginternationalcreditcards.Hotelsandattractionsarealsobeingaskedtoacceptinternationalcreditcards,41.arenotpopularamongtradersinChina.SomecitieslikeBeijinghavelaunchedall-in-one42.(pass)thatallowtravelerstopayforthingslikeattractionadmissionsandpublictransit43.(electronic).Thesemeasuresseemtobeworking.Chinawelcomedabout14millionforeignvisitorsinthefirsthalfof2024,a152.7%increasefrom2023.Thenumberisstillalongwayofffrom2019figures,butsomeintheindustryfeel44.(encourage).“Thankstothenew15-dayvisa-freepolicyforsomecountries,we45.(see)anincreaseoftouristsfromthosecountriesoverthepastfewmonths,”saysDennyTian,atravelspecialistandmanageratTheChinaGuide.四、書信寫作(★★★)46.你校上周舉辦了主題為“EmbraceEnglish,ShowOurselves”的英語周系列活動。請你寫一篇短文向校英文報投稿，內容包括：1.你印象最深的一個活動；2.你的感想。注意：1.寫作詞數應為80個左右；2.請按如下格式在答題紙的相應位置作答。EmbraceEnglish,ShowOurselves____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、書面表達(★★★)47.閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。TomYoungwasonhiswayhomefromahardday’sworkataconstructionsite,carryinghisworn-outhammerwhichhadaccompaniedhimthroughthickandthin.Witheachstep,hismindwasfilledwithworryasherackedhisbraintofindmoneyforhisseriouslyillson,Andrew,whowasingreatneedofheartsurgery.Tomhadrunoutofchoicesandtime.Desperationwasbeginningtosetin,butherefusedtolethissonsufferhelplessly.Ashewalked,theweightofhistroublespressedheavilyonhisshoulders.Sodesperatewashethatheevenheardahuminhisears.Thenextmomentthehumwasentirelycoveredbyaloudsound.Heturnedinshock,andwhathesawtookhisbreathaway.Anexpensiveluxurycarwaswrappedaroundabigtreeontheothersideofthestreet,withitsfronttwistedandflamesstartingtospringupfromt