2024-2025學(xué)年第一學(xué)期學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量檢測

高三英語

說明：

1.答題前，請將姓名、班級和學(xué)校用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆填寫在答題卡指定的位置上，

并正確粘貼條形碼。

2.全卷共10頁，考試時(shí)間120分鐘，滿分120分。

3.作答單項(xiàng)選擇題時(shí)，選出每題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目答案標(biāo)號的信息點(diǎn)框

涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案。作答非選擇題時(shí)，用黑色字跡的鋼筆

或簽字筆把答案寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)，寫在本試卷或草稿紙上，其答案一律無效。

4.考試結(jié)束后，請將答題卡交回。

第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

2024InternationalYouthJournalismContest

The2024InternationalYouthJournalismContest,sponsoredbyYouthJournalismInternational,promotesa

freeyouthpressbyrecognizingexceptionalworkinEnglishbystudentreporters.

?Categories

StudentJournalistOfTheYear

Torecognizeexceptionalworkinjournalismbyastudentjournalist.

JournalismEducatorOfTheYear

Tohonorateacherwhoinspiresstudentsandbringsouttheverybestinthem.

CourageInJournalismAward

Torecognizeanindividualyouthjournalistwhoshowedparticularcourageinpursuingastorydespitedanger,

officialroadblocks,orotherunusualobstacles.

JacintaMarieBunnellAward

Tohonoranindividualwhogavevoicetoanimportantissueinasingleopinionpieceoraseriesofopinion

piecesdevotedtothesametopic.

?ImportantNotice

Werequirethatallentriesbeaccessibleonline.Youmustincludeapubliclinktoeveryentryyousubmit,

whichshouldbeaccessibletoanyonewhohasthelink.

Journalistswhomeetthecriteriaofbeing19yearsoldoryoungerandnotemployedprofessionallyatthetime

ofpublicationarequalifiedtoparticipatefromanycountry.

?AdmissionFee

Afeeof$35isrequiredforeachcategoryyouenter.However,ifthefeepresentsafinancialhardship,you

mayapplyforanexemption（免除），whicharelimitedtotwoentriesperparticipant.

1.Whatistheaimofthecontestconcerningstudentreporters?

A.Tohelpexploretheirowntalents.

B.Toadvocatetheirfreeexpressions.

C.Tocollecttheiroutstandingworks.

D.Toincreasetheirimpactinthefield.

2.Whichawardhonorsayoungjournalistforbringingattentiontoasignificantproblem?

A.StudentJournalistOfTheYear.

B.JournalismEducatorOfTheYear.

C.CourageInJournalismAward.

D.JacintaMarieBunnellAward.

3.Whichofthefollowingisarequirementtoenterthecompetition?

A.Beingagrown-upamateurjournalist.

B.Makingyourentriesavailableonline.

C.Applyingfornomorethantwoentries.

D.Paying$35foryourcompetitiveevent.

【答案】l.B2.D3.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了2024年國際青年新聞比賽的相關(guān)信息。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“The2024InternationalYouthJournalismContest,sponsoredbyYouth

JournalismInternational,promotesafreeyouthpressbyrecognizingexceptionalworkinEnglishbystudent

reporters.（由國際青少年新聞協(xié)會贊助的2024年國際青年新聞比賽，通過表彰學(xué)生記者的杰出英文報(bào)道來

促進(jìn)自由的青年新聞業(yè)。）”可知，學(xué)生記者大賽的目的是為了倡導(dǎo)他們的自由表達(dá)。故選B。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JacintaMarieBunnellAward中關(guān)鍵句"Tohonoranindividualwhogavevoicetoan

importantissueinasingleopinionpieceoraseriesofopinionpiecesdevotedtothesametopic.（表彰在一篇或一

系列針對同一主題的評論文章中對某一重要問題發(fā)表意見的個(gè)人）”可知，JacintaMarieBunnell獎項(xiàng)表彰

年輕的記者引起人們對一個(gè)重大問題的關(guān)注。故選D。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ImportantNotice中關(guān)鍵句"Werequirethatallentriesbeaccessibleonline.Youmust

includeapubliclinktoeveryentryyousubmit,whichshouldbeaccessibletoanyonewhohasthelink.（我們要求

所有條目都可以在線訪問。你必須在你提交的每個(gè)條目中包含一個(gè)公共鏈接，任何人都可以訪問這個(gè)鏈

接）”可知，參賽作品要求可以在線訪問。故選B。

B

Bakingloverandherbakerywith“silent”staffers

Somepeoplemayopenabakerytoturntheirpassionintoaprofession.Someopenabakerytorealizetheir

childhooddream.ForZhengXiaoyan,founderofSilentBreadTree,themainreasonshechosetodosoisless

common.

TheideatoopenabakeryemergedwhenZhenglearnedfromasilentfriendinabakingcourseaboutthe

difficultiestheyfaceinjobhunting.Shebegantowonderwhatshecoulddoforthem,untilshegotinspirationfrom

thesuccessofabakeryinChangsha,whichisrunbyaGermancouplethathiressilentpeople.t4IdecidedthatI

wouldalsoopenabakeryliketheirstohelpsomesilentpeopleinneed,“toldZheng.

“AndthafswhyInamedit"SilentBreadTree'.Hopefullythejobsprovidedherecanhelpthesilentpeople

feedthemselves,justlikebreadtreesfeedpeoplewiththeirbread-likefruit,“Zhengadded.

Thebakeryhas16employees,sixofwhomarehearingandspeech-impaired.Theprinciplehereistotreatall

staffsinthesamewaywhereverpossible,andavoidsignsindicatingwhichstaffmembersaredifferent."'Whenwe

askedwhethertoputthewordsTatmeifyouneedhelp5onthebackoftheiruniform,oursilentstaffssaid'No'.

ThatwaswhenIrealizedthattheyjustdon'twantotherstoknowthey'redifferent,Zhengrecalled.

Althoughknowingwhatshecoulddoforthesilentcommunityisverylimited,Zhengsaidtheeffortsthesilent

staffshavemadetokeepthebakeryrunningkeepinspiringhertodoevenmore.Foreveryproductsold,thebakery

donates0.01yuantohelpprovideartificialcochleaimplants（人工耳蝸）tothehearingandspeech-impaired

childreninruralareas.

64Ifhearing-impairedchildrencouldhaveartificialcochleaeimplantsatanearlyage,theirlivescouldbe

completelytransformed.Theywouldbeabletolivelikepeoplewithnodifficultiesinhearing,9,saidZheng.

4.WhydidZhengopenthebakery?

A.Toofferthesilentpeoplejobs.

B.Tomakeherdreamcometrue.

C.Toturnherhobbyintoacareer.

D.TolearnfromtheGermancouple.

5.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Thestoryaboutthebreadtree.

B.Themeaningofthebakeryname.

C.Zheng5sexpectationofthefuture.

D.Zheng'ssatisfactionwithherstore.

6.Whatcanwelearnaboutthesilentstaffsfromparagraph4?

A.Theyvalueequaltreatment.

B.Theyenjoygreatsocialrespect.

C.Theyconsidercustomersdisturbing.

D.Theyhavepoorcommunicationskills.

7.WhichwordbestdescribesZheng?

A.Confident.

B.Optimistic.

C.Broad-minded.

D.Kind-hearted.

【答案】4.A5.B6.A7.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了鄭曉燕（音譯）一一“無聲面包樹”的創(chuàng)始人為了幫助一些沉默的人

養(yǎng)活自己，創(chuàng)建了該面包店品牌的事跡。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段”"Andthat'swhyInamedit'SilentBreadTree）.Hopefullythejobsprovided

herecanhelpthesilentpeoplefeedthemselves,justlikebreadtreesfeedpeoplewiththeirbread-likefruit,“Zheng

added.（“這就是為什么我把它命名為‘無聲面包樹’。希望這里提供的工作可以幫助這些沉默的人養(yǎng)活自

己，就像面包樹用面包樣的果實(shí)養(yǎng)活人們一樣。”鄭補(bǔ)充說）”可知，鄭女士開面包店是為了給沉默的人提

供工作。故選A。

【5題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段"AndthafswhyInamedit'SilentBreadTree'.Hopefullythejobsprovided

herecanhelpthesilentpeoplefeedthemselves,justlikebreadtreesfeedpeoplewiththeirbread-likefruit,“Zheng

added.（“這就是為什么我把它命名為‘無聲面包樹'。希望這里提供的工作可以幫助這些沉默的人養(yǎng)活自

己，就像面包樹用面包樣的果實(shí)養(yǎng)活人們一樣。”鄭補(bǔ)充說）”可知，該段說明了面包店名稱的含義。故選

Bo

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Theprinciplehereistotreatallstaffsinthesamewaywhereverpossible,and

avoidsignsindicatingwhichstaffmembersaredifferent."WhenweaskedwhethertoputthewordsTatmeifyou

needhelp'onthebackoftheiruniform,oursilentstaffssaid'No'.ThatwaswhenIrealizedthattheyjustdon't

wantotherstoknowthey'redifferent,9,Zhengrecalled.（這里的原則是盡可能以同樣的方式對待所有員工，并避

免顯示哪些員工是不同的。“當(dāng)我們問他們是否要在制服背面印上'如果你需要幫助就拍拍我'的字樣

時(shí)，我們沉默的工作人員說‘不'。那時(shí)我才意識到，她們只是不想讓別人知道自己與眾不同。”鄭回想

到）”可知，沉默的員工重視平等待遇。故選A。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Foreveryproductsold,thebakerydonates0.01yuantohelpprovideartificial

cochleaimplantstothehearingandspeech-impairedchildreninruralareas.（每賣出一件產(chǎn)品,面包店就捐贈

0.01元，幫助農(nóng)村地區(qū)的聽力和言語障礙兒童植入人工耳蝸）”及最后一段hearing-impairedchildren

couldhaveartificialcochleaeimplantsatanearlyage,theirlivescouldbecompletelytransformed.Theywouldbe

abletolivelikepeoplewithnodifficultiesinhearing,saidZheng.（“如果聽障兒童能夠在很小的時(shí)候植入人工

耳蝸，他們的生活可能會徹底改變。他們將能夠像沒有聽力障礙的人一樣生活。"鄭說）"可知，鄭女士是

好心腸的，不僅創(chuàng)立了面包店幫助沉默的人找工作，也幫助有需要的聽力障礙兒童。故選D。

C

Formanyyearsresearchersfocusedonwhatpeopleknowaboutscience,thinkingthat"Toknowscienceisto

loveit."Butdopeoplewhothinktheyknowscienceactuallyknowscience?AnewstudyledbyCristinaFonseca

oftheGeneticsSociety,LaurenceHurstoftheMilnerCentreforEvolution（進(jìn)化）revealsthatpeoplewithstrong

attitudestendtobelievetheyunderstandscience,whileneutrals（中立者）arelesscertain.Absoluteattitudes,both

forandagainst,buildonhighself-confidenceinknowledgeaboutscience.

Thestudyperformedasurveyofover2,000UKadults,askingthembothabouttheirattitudestoscienceand

theirbeliefintheirownunderstanding.Questionsfocusedongenetic（基因的）science,forexample,6aHowwould

yourateyourunderstandingofwhatthetermDNAmeans?^^Allindividualswerescoredfromzero（theyknowthey

havenounderstanding）toone（theyareconfidentthattheyunderstand）.Theresultssuggestthatthoseatthe

attitudinalextremes-bothstronglysupportiveandfirmlyopposing-haveveryhighself-beliefintheirown

comprehension,whilethoseansweringneutrallydonot.

Psychologically,theteamsuggests,thismakessense:toholdastrongopinionyouneedtostronglybelievein

thecorrectnessofyourinterpretationofthebasicfacts.Resultsofpreviousstudiesalsoindicatethatthosemore

acceptingofsciencebothbelievetheyunderstanditandscorewellonthetextbookfact(true/false)questions.By

contrast,peoplewithstrongnegativeattitudestosciencetendtobeoverconfidentabouttheirlevelof

understanding.

WhetheritbeclimatechangeorGMfoods,importantsciencecaninspirestrongandopposingattitudes.

Understandinghowtocommunicatesciencerequiresanawarenessofwhypeoplemayholdsuchdifferentattitudes

toit.Whenitwasthoughtthatwhatmatteredmostforscientificliteracywasscientificknowledge,science

communicationfocusedonpassinginformationfromscientiststothepublic.However,thisapproachmaynotbe

successful,andinsomecasescanhaveadverseeffects.Workingtoaddressthegapbetweenwhatpeopleknowand

whattheybelievetheyknowmaybeabetterstrategy.

8.Whatisthenewstudymainlyabout?

A.Anassessmentofpeople'sinterestingenetics.

B.Asurveyofvariousattitudestowardsevolution.

C.Areportofpeople'sgeneralknowledgeofscience.

D.Ananalysisoffactorsonpeople'sbeliefinscience.

9.Whydoestheauthormentionpreviousstudiesinparagraph3?

A.Tosupportthefindingsofthestudy.

B.Toclarifytheconceptofconfidence.

C.Tostresstheimportanceofbasicfacts.

D.Tocomparedifferentresearchmethods.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adverse“meaninthelastparagraph?

A.Random.

B.Negative.

C.Indirect.

D.Favorable.

11.Asforsciencecommunication,whichwouldtheauthoragreewith?

A.Itshouldhelppeopleboostconfidence.

B.Itshouldfocusonscientificknowledge.

C.Itshouldinspirepeopletoscorewellintests.

D.Itshouldemphasizeobjectiveawarenessofoneself.

【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，本文圍繞人們對于科學(xué)信仰展開，一項(xiàng)研究表明，態(tài)度強(qiáng)硬的人傾向于認(rèn)為

自己了解科學(xué)，而態(tài)度中立的人對此不太確定。絕對的態(tài)度建立在對科學(xué)知識的高度自信之上。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thestudyperformedasurveyofover2,000UKadults,askingthembothabout

theirattitudestoscienceandtheirbeliefintheirownunderstanding.（這項(xiàng)研究對2000多名英國成年人進(jìn)行了調(diào)

查，詢問他們對科學(xué)的態(tài)度和對自己理解的信念）”可知，該研究主要以影響人們科學(xué)信仰的因素分析展

開。故選D。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段Psychologically,theteamsuggests,thismakessense:toholdastrongopinion

youneedtostronglybelieveinthecorrectnessofyourinterpretationofthebasicfacts.Resultsofpreviousstudies

alsoindicatethatthosemoreacceptingofsciencebothbelievetheyunderstanditandscorewellonthetextbook

fact（true/false）questions.（該團(tuán)隊(duì)認(rèn)為，從心理學(xué)上講，這是有道理的：要持有強(qiáng)烈的觀點(diǎn)，你需要堅(jiān)信自

己對基本事實(shí)的解釋是正確的。之前的研究結(jié)果也表明，那些更接受科學(xué)的人認(rèn)為他們理解它，并在教科

書的事實(shí)（正確/錯(cuò)誤）問題上獲得高分）”可知，作者提及之前的研究是為了支持這項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)果，即，

那些態(tài)度極端的人一一包括強(qiáng)烈支持和堅(jiān)決反對一一對自己的理解有很高的自信。故選A。

【10題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章最后一段"However,thisapproachmaynotbesuccessful；然而，這種方法可能不會成

功）”及“andinsomecasescanhave（在一些情況下可能有）”及“effects（影響）”可知，這種方法不會成功，

甚至在一些情況下會有更消極的影響，劃線詞adverse和negative意思相近。故選B。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后——段“Workingtoaddressthegapbetweenwhatpeopleknowandwhattheybelieve

theyknowmaybeabetterstrategy.（努力解決人們知道的和他們認(rèn)為他們知道的之間的差距可能是一個(gè)更好

的策略）”可知，作者認(rèn)為在科學(xué)傳播上，應(yīng)努力解決人們主觀上和客觀的認(rèn)知差距，即，應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀的自

我意識。故選D。

D

Whetherplayingtricksorholdingfuneralsinthewild,crowshavesurprisedthepublicwiththeirunexpected

capabilities.Buttheir“intelligence“knowsnobounds.AnewstudypublishedinCurrentBiologyrevealedforthe

firsttimethatcrowscanusestatisticallogictosolveproblems.

Crowshavealargebrainfortheirsizeandaparticularlynoticeableforebrain,associatedwithstatisticaland

analyticalreasoninginhumans.44Inourlab,crowshaveshowncomplicatednumericalcompetenceandcareful

considerationduringdecision-making,,,saidDr.MelissaJohnston,afellowattheUniversityofTubingen.Inher

recentwork,Johnstonandherteampushedtheseabilitiestoanewextreme,testingstatisticalreasoning.

Intheexperiment,twocrowswerefirsttrainedtopeck（啄）atvariousimagesontouchscreenstoearnfood

treats;andgraduallytheyhadtochoosebetweentwooftheseimages,eachcorrespondingtoadifferentreward

probability."Crowsweretaskedwithlearningratherabstractquantitiesandthenapplyingthatcombinationof

informationinarewardmaximizingway,“Johnstondetailed.Over10daysoftrainingand5,000trials,thetwo

crowsmanagedtopickthehigherprobabilityofreward,showingtheirabilitytousestatisticalinference.To

researchers9muchsurprise,evenafteramonthwithouttraining,thecrowsstillperformwelleverytime.

Statisticalreasoninginvolvesusinglimitedinformationaboutasituationtodrawconclusionsandmake

decisions.Peopleunknowinglyusesuchcognitiveabilityeveryday.Whenweselectcafesforsocialmeetups,our

brainsautomaticallyweighcollectedstatisticsfrompastobservationsandfavortheonemorecapableofmeeting

needs.Similarly,crowsrememberedandanalyzedtheconnectionsbetweentheimagesandtherewardprobabilities

tomakethemselvesgetthemosttreatspossible.

Crowsoncesymbolizedmisfortuneanddeath,causingthemdislikedevenkilledbypeople.Actually,theyare

amongthefewanimalstoadapttourbanizationsuccessfullyduetounderestimatedintelligence.t4Ithinkthese

studiesdohelpchangepublicviewsandimproveourrelationshipwiththeselovelyanimals,9,Johnstonstated.

12.Whatmakescrows9intelligencepossible?

A.Theirlimitlessabilitiesoftricks.

B.Theirsocialleaninginthewild.

C.Theirphysicalstructureofbrains.

D.Theirtrainingreceivedinthelab.

13.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheresearchprocessinparagraph3?

A.Instruct,task,andretest.

B.Train,perform,andrecord.

C.Assume,prove,andreflect.

D.Prepare,teach,andexamine.

14.Howdoestheauthorexplainstatisticalinferenceinparagraph4?

A.Bysharingapersonalexperience.

B.Byquotingapreviousstudy.

C.Bymakingadetailedcomparison.

D.Byusingacommonexample.

15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.FoodPrizeCompetition:CrowsChoosingRewards.

B.UrbanBirdSurvivalStrategies:LivingwithPeople.

C.BeyondTricks:SurpriseofCrows9StatisticalReasoning.

D.AnimalBehaviorStudy:TrainingCrowsinExperiments.

【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了烏鴉的高級智力，特別是它們在實(shí)驗(yàn)中展示的統(tǒng)計(jì)推理能力。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段"Crowshavealargebrainfortheirsizeandaparticularlynoticeableforebrain,

associatedwithstatisticalandanalyticalreasoninginhumans.（就其體型而言，烏鴉的大腦很大，前腦特別明

顯，與人類的統(tǒng)計(jì)和分析推理有關(guān)。）”可知，烏鴉的大腦結(jié)構(gòu)，特別是前腦，使得它們具備統(tǒng)計(jì)和分析推

理的能力。故選C。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段"Intheexperiment,twocrowswerefirsttrainedtopeck（啄）atvariousimageson

touchscreenstoearnfoodtreats;andgraduallytheyhadtochoosebetweentwooftheseimages,each

correspondingtoadifferentrewardprobability."'Crowsweretaskedwithlearningratherabstractquantitiesand

thenapplyingthatcombinationofinformationinarewardmaximizingway,“Johnstondetailed.Over10daysof

trainingand5,000trials,thetwocrowsmanagedtopickthehigherprobabilityofreward,showingtheirabilityto

usestatisticalinference.Toresearchers'muchsurprise,evenafteramonthwithouttraining,thecrowsstillperform

welleverytime.（在實(shí)驗(yàn)中，首先訓(xùn)練兩只烏鴉啄觸摸屏上的各種圖像，以獲得食物；漸漸地，他們不得不

在這兩幅圖像中做出選擇，每幅圖像都對應(yīng)著不同的獎勵概率。約翰斯頓詳細(xì)介紹說：“烏鴉的任務(wù)是學(xué)

習(xí)相當(dāng)抽象的量，然后以獎勵最大化的方式應(yīng)用這些信息組合。。經(jīng)過10天的訓(xùn)練和5000次試驗(yàn)，兩

只烏鴉設(shè)法選擇了更高的獎勵概率，顯示了它們使用統(tǒng)計(jì)推斷的能力。令研究人員驚訝的是，即使在一個(gè)

月沒有訓(xùn)練的情況下，烏鴉每次都表現(xiàn)得很好。）”可推知，在實(shí)驗(yàn)中，研究人員首先指導(dǎo)烏鴉識別觸摸屏

上的圖像，然后布置任務(wù)，讓烏鴉在不同的圖像之間做出選擇，然后重新測試，發(fā)現(xiàn)即使一個(gè)月沒有訓(xùn)

練，烏鴉仍然能夠表現(xiàn)得很好。故選A。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段的"Whenweselectcafesforsocialmeetups,ourbrainsautomaticallyweigh

collectedstatisticsfrompastobservationsandfavortheonemorecapableofmeetingneeds.（當(dāng)我們?yōu)樯缃痪蹠x

擇咖啡館時(shí)，我們的大腦會自動權(quán)衡從過去的觀察中收集到的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，并傾向于更能滿足需求的咖啡

館。）”可推知，作者通過一個(gè)常見的例子來解釋統(tǒng)計(jì)推理。故選D。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的uWhetherplayingtricksorholdingfuneralsinthewild,crowshave

surprisedthepublicwiththeirunexpectedcapabilities.Buttheir“intelligence“knowsnobounds.Anewstudy

publishedinCurrentBiologyrevealedforthefirsttimethatcrowscanusestatisticallogictosolveproblems.（無論

是惡作劇還是在野外舉行葬禮，烏鴉都以其意想不到的能力讓公眾感到驚訝。但他們的“智慧”是無限

的。發(fā)表在《當(dāng)代生物學(xué)》上的一項(xiàng)新研究首次揭示，烏鴉可以使用統(tǒng)計(jì)邏輯來解決問題。）”可知，文章

主要介紹了烏鴉不僅能在野外玩把戲，還能通過統(tǒng)計(jì)推理解決問題，這超出了人們對它們智力的預(yù)期。故

選C。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

Thisissomethingthatallofushavenoticedcountlesstimesinourdailylives.Whetheryou'retryingtoread

thefineprintinacommercialortryingtomakeoutaperson'sfacefromadistance——italwayshelpstoseebetter

whenyousquint（瞇起）youreyes.16

There?sacommonassumptionthatyou'readdingmuchstresstoyoureyeballsbysqueezingthemtomake

themworkbetter.17Ifyouthinkforawhile,you511findsquintingisadifferentmatter.Ifsquinting

meantmakingyoureyesbecomestressballs,we'dallbeinalotoftrouble.

18Whenlighthitsanobject,itbouncesoffitssurfaceandentersoureyes.Thelighttravelsthrough

theeyelens（晶狀體）.Thelensthenfocusesthelightrays,whichfallontheretina（視網(wǎng)膜）.Achemicalpresentin

theretinaturnslightintoelectricsignals,whicharethentransmittedtothebrain.Thebrainprocessesthesignals

andultimatelyallowsustoseestuff.

Theactofsquinting,quiteobviously,alterstheshapeofthespacethroughwhichlightpasses,whichhelpsus

formaclearimageontheretina.Whafsmore,lightfromdifferentdirectionsentersandissubsequentlyperceived

bytheeye.19However,whenyou5retryingtofocusonsomething,ifthere'slightenteringfrommultiple

directions,thelenswillbeoverloaded.Bysquinting,focusinglightraysbecomesmoreprecise.

Squintingdoesnotdamageyoureyesight.20It'sonethingtooccasionallysquintinordertomake

outsomethingfaraway.Butifyoufindyourselfdoingitallthetime,gettingyoureyestestedshouldbeyourfocus.

A.Actually,thafsnotexactlythecase.

B.Hasiteveroccurredtoyouwhythishappens?

C.Squintingdoestwomajorthingstoimproveourvision.

D.However,doingitforlongperiodsoftimecanleadtodryeyes.

E.Normally,thisisagreatthing,asitfeedsyoursituationalawareness.

EAnumberofbiologicalcomponentsactuallyconstitutethehumaneye.

G.Beforerevealingthesecretbehindit,lefslearnabouthowweseethings.

【答案】16.B17.A18.G19.E20.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文解釋了為什么瞇眼可以幫助我們看得更清楚，并澄清了瞇眼不會損害視力

的誤解。

【16題詳解】

木艮據(jù)上文“Thisissomethingthatallofushavenoticedcountlesstimesinourdailylives.Whetheryou5retrying

toreadthefineprintinacommercialortryingtomakeoutaperson'sfacefromadistance-italwayshelpstosee

betterwhenyousquint（瞇起）youreyes.（這是我們所有人在日常生活中無數(shù)次注意到的事情。無論你是想閱

讀商業(yè)廣告上的小字，還是想從遠(yuǎn)處辨認(rèn)一個(gè)人的臉——瞇著眼睛總是有助于看得更清楚。）”可知，上文

引出瞇眼可以幫助我們看得更清楚這一話題，由下文“There飛acommonassumptionthatyou9readdingmuch

stresstoyoureyeballsbysqueezingthemtomakethemworkbetter.（有一種普遍的假設(shè)是，你擠壓眼球是為了

讓它們更好地工作，從而給眼球增加了很大的壓力。）”可知，下文解釋了為什么瞇眼可以幫助我們看得更

清楚，故本空應(yīng)提問為什么瞇眼可以幫助我們看得更清楚，B選項(xiàng)“Hasiteveroccurredtoyouwhythis

happens?（你有沒有想過為什么會這樣？）”能承上啟下，符合語境。故選B。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“There飛acommonassumptionthatyou?readdingmuchstresstoyoureyeballsbysqueezingthemto

makethemworkbetter.（有一種普遍的假設(shè)是，你擠壓眼球是為了讓它們更好地工作，從而給眼球增加了很

大的壓力o）”和下文“Ifyouthinkforawhile,you'llfindsquintingisadifferentmatter.Ifsquintingmeant

makingyoureyesbecomestressballs,we'dallbeinalotoftrouble.（如果你仔細(xì)想想，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)瞇眼是另一回

事。如果瞇著眼睛意味著讓你的眼睛變成壓力球，那我們就有大麻煩了。）”可知，本空應(yīng)是對上文認(rèn)知的

懷疑，故選項(xiàng)A"Actually,that'snotexactlythecase.（實(shí)際上，情況并非如此。）”能承上啟下，符合語境。

故選Ao

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)下文“Whenlighthitsanobject,itbouncesoffitssurfaceandentersoureyes.（當(dāng)光線照射至lj物體上時(shí)，它

會從物體表面反彈，進(jìn)入我們的眼睛。）”可知，下文解釋了人眼看見東西的原理，本空應(yīng)引出這一原理，

G選項(xiàng)uBeforerevealingthesecretbehindit,lefslearnabouthowweseethings.（在揭示其背后的秘密之前，

讓我們了解一下我們是如何看東西的。）”能引出下文，符合語境。故選G。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“What'smore,lightfromdifferentdirectionsentersandissubsequentlyperceivedbytheeye.（更重要

的是，來自不同方向的光進(jìn)入并隨后被眼睛感知。）”可知，本空應(yīng)談?wù)摴獗谎劬Ω兄慕Y(jié)果，E選項(xiàng)

uNormally,thisisagreatthing,asitfeedsyoursituationalawareness.（通常，這是件好事，因?yàn)樗鰪?qiáng)了你的

情境意識。）”能承接上文，符合語境。故選E。

[20題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Squintingdoesnotdamageyoureyesight.（瞇眼不會損害你的視力。）”和后文“Butifyoufind

yourselfdoingitallthetime,gettingyoureyestestedshouldbeyourfocus.（偶爾瞇著眼看清遠(yuǎn)處的東西是一回

事。但如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己總是這樣做，那么檢查你的眼睛應(yīng)該是你的重點(diǎn)。）”可知，上文說瞇眼不會損害你

的視力，下文又說檢查你的眼睛，上下文存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，D選項(xiàng)“However,doingitforlongperiodsoftime

canleadtodryeyes.（然而，長時(shí)間這樣做會導(dǎo)致眼睛干澀。）”能承上啟下，符合語境。故選D。

第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

IrememberamomentwhenIfeltlikeeverythingwasfallingapart.Atfifteenyearsold,Ifoundmyselfina

hospitalbed,unableto21.Itwasaresultofanaccidentduringafishingtripwithafriend.My22of

becominganathletewasbrokenalongwithmybackbone.Ipushedawaymylovedonesandstruggledto23

mynewreality.

Returninghome,Ifacedthechallengeofgettingaroundinawheelchair.Atfirst,Iletmy24getinthe

way,refusingtoaskforhelpevenwhenit25missingoutonexperiencesIenjoyed.Ilaterrealizedthat

accepting26fromotherswasnotasignofweaknessbutanecessarysteptowards27myindependence

andhappiness.

AturningpointcamewhenImetafriendwho28metotrywheelchairsports.I29intabletennis

andparticipatedintheWheelchairGamesinMontreal,whereIwitnessedtheincredible30oftheathletes.

Oneincidentthathighlightedthedailyobstaclesfacedby31peopleoccurredwhenIencounteredagirl

strugglingtojogupahill.Ididn'tletherstrugglesdiscourageme.32,Iusedhumortoovercomethe

situationandchallengenegative33.

Lookingback,Irealizethatthe34wasnottheendofmylifebutthebeginningofanincredibleone.

Iam35forthesupportthathavecomemyway.AsIcontinuetoworktowardsmakingadifference,I

believethatmybestdayisyettocome.

21.A.breatheB.liveC.thinkD.move

22.A.memoryB.dreamC.promiseD.mission

23A.relyonB.turndownC.adjusttoD.figureout

24.A.regretB.prideC.desireD.envy

25.A.meantB.requiredC.allowedD.deserved

26.A.sympathyB.instructionC.praiseD.assistance

27.A.transformingB.rewardingC.regainingD.sacrificing

28.A.motivatedB.offeredC.expectedD.requested

29.A.volunteeredB.excelledC.improvedD.struggled

30.A.patienceB.integrityC.courageD.endurance

31.A.superB.normalC.disabledD.talented

32.A.RatherB.MoreoverC.ThereforeD.However

33.A.actionsB.attitudesC.outcomesD.approaches

34.A.adventureB.conflictC.accidentD.obstacle

35.A.honoredB.admiredC.hopefulD.grateful

【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.B25.A26.D27.C28.A29.B30.D31.

C32.A33.B34.C35.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了作者在一次意外事故后成為了殘疾人，從開始的不接受幫助到后來重新

獲得獨(dú)立和幸福的故事。

[21題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：十五歲的時(shí)候，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己躺在醫(yī)院的病床上，動彈不得。A.breathe呼吸；B.

live居住；C.think想，思考；D.move移動。根據(jù)下文"Itwasaresultofanaccidentduringafishingtripwith

afriend.”可知，作者經(jīng)歷了事故，所以住院了，躺在床上動彈不得。故選D項(xiàng)。

【22題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我想成為一名運(yùn)動員夢想隨著我的脊梁一起破滅了。A.memory記憶力；B.

dream夢想；C.promise承諾；D.mission任務(wù)。根據(jù)