第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber頁(yè)，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages頁(yè)第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber頁(yè)，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages頁(yè)江西省新八校聯(lián)考2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期1月期末聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題一、閱讀理解（本大題共5小題）BookingProcessofHostelworldHostelworldisthelargesthostelbookingplatform.BookingthroughHostelworldiseasy.Youcaneitherusetheregularwebsiteordownloadtheappandthenfollowthestepsbelow.Inputnecessarydetailsonly·destination·preferredproperty(thehostelofyourchoice!)·numberofguests(onlyyouorwithfriends?)·andnumberofnight(withcheck-indateandcheck-outdate)Hereyouhave2bookingoptionsNon-flexibleBookingWiththenon-flexiblebookingyourdepositisnon-refundable.Again,thisisNON-REFUNDABLE!StandardFlexibleBookingThestandardflexiblebookingcostsanextrafee(only€1.00perguest)andyourdepositisprotected.Incaseofacancellationyoucanusethisdeposittomakeadifferentbooking.Obviously,asabackpackerandtraveleronabudget,youwanttosaveeventhat1€.Ourbestadvicewouldbetomakethenon-refundablebookingfordatesyouare100%certainabout.Thatbeingsaid,forbusydatesandcities,itmakessensetogowiththeflexiblebooking.ThiscanbecitieslikeBarcelona,Paris,London,AmsterdamandRome.Forpayments,youmayusea·validcreditcard·debitcardBestPriceGuaranteeHostelworldhasabestpriceguarantee.Ifyoufindacheaperpriceonadifferentwebsite,youcanstillbookforthatpricewithHostelworld.Theystate:“BestPriceGuaranteeIfyoufindabookingcheaperonanyotherwebsite,we’llrefundyouthedifference.”1．Whichofthefollowingisrecommendedtochoosethenon-flexiblebooking?A．Abackpackeronatightbudget. B．AtravelerplanningtovisitLondon.C．Atouristvisitingduringpeakseason. D．Abusinessmanwithanuncertainschedule.2．WhatwillHostelworlddoifyoufindacheaperpriceonanotherwebsite?A．Askyoutopaythedifference. B．Offermuchlowerpricetoyou.C．Contactyoutocancelyourbooking. D．Returntheoverchargedfeestoyou.3．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Topromotebudgettraveltips. B．TodescribehostelsinHostelworld.C．TointroduceHostelworldbookingprocess. D．ToencourageflexiblebookinginHostelworld.GideonMendel,aphotojournalistwhohasbeendocumentingclimatechangethroughhisseries“SubmergedPortraits”.Startinghisprojectin2007,Mendel’sgoalistomaketheimpactofclimatechangeonhumandeeplyfelt,movingawayfromtypicalimageryofglaciersandpolarbearstofocusonflood-affectedindividuals.Hegoeswherethefloodsare—floodstypicallylinkedtoclimatechange.Butinsteadofracingtocaptureongoingstormsandrainfall,hewaitsforthewatertosettleandtriestocapturethetrauma(創(chuàng)傷)enduredbycommunities.Hissubjectsstandstillintheirfloodedhomes,creatingheart-breakingimagesthatconveybothaesthetic(美學(xué)的)beautyandprofoundcontent.Theseportraitscomefrom13differentfloodzonesacrosstheglobe,demonstratingthewideexistenceofclimatechangeimpacts.AsMendelcontinueshiswork,heshiftstowardsvideo,creatinginstallations(裝置)likeDeluge,whichispartofthephotographyexhibition“Coal+Ice”atNewYork’sAsiaSociety.Theexhibition,showingvideosoffloodsurvivorsreturninghome,emphasizesthepersonalandglobalconsequencesofclimatechange.“Hemakesithumanandreal,thatweareallvulnerableandimpactedbyclimatechange,regardlessofwhereweliveorwhatourincomeis,”commentedTzeporahBerman,chairandfounderoftheFossilFuelNon-ProliferationTreatyInitiative,afterviewingDeluge.“Hebringstolifenotjustwhat’shappeninginthelandscapebutshowsthedespairinpeople’sfaces.”Mendel’slong-termmissiontoportraytraumaconnectsdeeplywithhisfamilyhistoryoftheHolocaust,influencingbothhisartisticandactivistpursuits.Despitetheconnection,hesays,“Realactiviststakerisksandgotoprisonandputthemselvesontheline.Ionlyputmypicturesonline.”4．WhateffectmayMendel’sphotographsoffloodsurvivorshaveonviewers?A．Calming. B．Touching. C．Refreshing. D．Challenging.5．Whatdoweknowabout“Coal+Ice”?A．Itfocusesonhistoricalfloodevents.B．Ithighlightstheimpactofclimatechange.C．ItgivesbirthtoinstallationslikeDeluge.D．Itdisplaystheaestheticbeautyoffloodzones.6．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Mendelonlycaresaboutonlineexposure.B．Mendeltakesthesamerisksasrealactivists.C．Mendelholdsahumbleattitudetowardshisefforts.D．Mendel’smissionisirrelevanttohisfamilyhistory.7．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMendel?A．Devotedandsympathetic. B．Passionateandhumorous.C．Ambitiousandcourageous. D．Thoughtfulandgenerous.Marmosets,thosesmallandadorablemonkeysnativetoSouthAmerica,arefarmoresophisticatedthantheyappear.Accordingtoanewstudy,membersofmarmosettroopsusespecificvocalizations—“pheecalls”—tocalleachotherbynames.Anamingsystemlikethisisnotrivialdiscoveryinanyspecies,consideringhowfewwildanimalsareknowntohaveone.Itisthefirsttimesuchbehaviorhasbeenobservedinprimatesotherthanhumans.Torevealthesecretsofmarmosets,theresearchersrecordednaturalconversationsbetweenpairsofmarmosets,whocouldnotseebutcouldheareachother.Theyfoundthatmarmosetsusepheecallstoengageinturn-takingdialoguesandevenidentifydetailsaboutwhoeverisproducingthem.Thedistinctivefeaturesandflexibilityofthesecallssuggestthatmarmosetsmightusethemtolabelandcommunicatewitheachotherwithintheirsocialgroups.Interestingly,thisbehaviorextendsbeyondcloselyrelatedindividuals,indicatingthatmarmosetslearnnamesandpronunciationdetailsfromfellowtroopmembers.MarmosetsinhabitthickrainforestcanopiesacrossaswathofSouthAmerica,wherevocallylabelingeachindividualtroopmembermightofferanadaptiveadvantage,theresearchersnote.Visibilityislimitedinthesedensetreetops,butusingvocallabelsasnamesmightassistmarmosetsinstayingconnectedandworkingtogetherasagroupwhiletheyarespendingsignificantamountsoftimeoutofeachother’ssight.Infact,thismightevenhintathowsomeofourprehumanancestorsdevelopedsocialcommunicationandlanguage.“Marmosetsliveinsmallmonogamous(一夫一妻制)familygroupsandtakecareoftheiryoungtogether,muchlikehumansdo,”O(jiān)mersays.“Thesesimilaritiessuggestthattheyfacedcomparableevolutionarysocialchallengestoourearlypre-linguisticancestors,whichmighthaveledthemtodevelopsimilarcommunicatingmethods.”8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trivial”inparagraph1mean?A．Rare. B．Significant. C．Complicated. D．Unimportant.9．Whatdidtheresearchersdiscoveraboutpheecallsusedbymarmosets?A．Theyarevocalizationsuniquetomarmosets.B．Theyareabandonedbycloselyrelatedindividuals.C．Theyarefixedwithoutflexibilityindialogues.D．Theyareusedforcommunicationandidentification.10．Inwhichwaymightvocallabelingbenefitmarmosetsintherainforest?A．Defendingeachindividualtroopmember.B．Enhancingthevisibilityintherainforest.C．Maintainingsocialbondsinlowvisibilityconditions.D．Spendingmoretimewithcloselyrelatedindividuals.11．Whatmightcontributetomarmosets’similarcommunicatingmethodsasearlyhumanancestors?A．Smallfamilygroups. B．Similarsocialchallenges.C．Identicallivingenvironments. D．Comparablelinguisticsystem.Theapproachisanearlyexampleof“self-healinggrid(輸電網(wǎng))”technology,whichusesAItodetectandrepairproblemssuchaspowercutsautonomouslyandwithouthumaninterventionwhenissuesoccur,suchasstorm-damagedpowerlines.Althoughfurtherresearchisneededbeforethissystemcanbeimplementedandscaledtoreal-worldpowergrids,itisstillanexcitingdevelopmentforthenation’stroubledpowergrid,accordingtoresearchers.Powergridsworldwidefacechallengesfromincreasingextremeweatherevents,cyberattacks,andrisingdemand.Therefore,it’scrucialtodeveloptoolsthatmodernizethesystemandmakeitmoreresilient(有適應(yīng)力的)againstfuturepowercuts.TheNorthAmericangridisavast,complexnetworkoftransmissionanddistributionlines,generationfacilities,andtransformersthatinefficientlydeliverselectricityfrompowersourcestoconsumers.Usingvariousscenariosintestnetworks,theresearchteamdemonstratedthatitssolutioncanautomaticallyidentifyalternativeroutestotransferelectricitytousersbeforeapowercutoccurs.Oncetrained,theAI-drivensystemcanrerouteelectricalflowinmicroseconds,vastlyoutpacingcurrentprocessesinvolvingclassicalengineeringtechniquesorhumanintervention,whichcantakeminutestohours.Theirgoalistoquicklyfindthebestpathtosendpowertothemajorityofusers.Theyusemachinelearningalgorithmsongraphstounderstandcomplexrelationshipsinpowernetworks.Thishelpsthemseehowcomponentsareconnectedandhowelectricityflows.Theyalsorelyonreinforcementlearning,whereavirtualagentispositionedinasimulation(模擬)environmentoftherealproblem—tosystematicallyplayoutscenariosandprogressivelylearnfromthisexperience.Anexampleofknowledgegainedfromsuchexperiencewouldbeifalinefaultblockselectricity,thesystemcanrearrangeusingswitchesanddrawpowerfromneighbouringsources,likesolarpanelsorbatteriesonauniversitycampusorbusiness.Afterfocusingonpreventingpowercuts,theresearchersnowaimtodevelopsimilartechnologytorepairandrestorethegridfollowingdisruptions,likethosecausedbynaturalhazards.12．WhyistheNorthAmericangridmentionedinParagraph2?A．Toshowcasethenecessityforgridmodernization.B．Toillustratethecomplexityofmodernpowernetworks.C．Toemphasizeitsuniquechallengesnotfoundelsewhere.D．Toshowithasadopted“self-healinggrid”technology.13．Whatistheadvantageoftheself-healinggridsystem?A．Itallowsthepowergridtogeneratemoreelectricity.B．Itinvolvesnecessaryclassicalengineeringtechniques.C．Itautomaticallytransferselectricitytousersondemand.D．Itsignificantlyquickenstheprocessofreroutingelectricity.14．Howmightthesystemhandlealinefaultblockingelectricity?A．Bywaitingforhumanintervention.B．Bygettingridofsolarpanelsandbatteries.C．Byredirectingandusingpowerfromnearbysources.D．Byusingatraditionalpowerdistributionmappingsystem.15．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．GridModernization:ARoadtoSelfHealingB．Self-HealingGridTechnology:FullofPotentialC．Al-DrivenRerouting:KeytoEnergy-EfficiencyD．Al:PreventingPowerCutswithMachineLearningTheworldcheeredwhen12boysandtheirfootballcoach,whohadbeentrappedinacaveinnorthernThailandforovertwoweeks,wererescuedonJuly10.Thecoach,a25-year-oldformermonknamedEkapolChantawong,reportedlytaughttheboysmeditationtopassthetime,staycalm,andconserveenergy.16So,whatexactlyismeditation,andcanittrulybebeneficial?Meditation,apracticewithrootsinvariousphilosophies,fundamentallyinvolvesmindfulnessofthepresentmoment.Inmindfulnessmeditation,individualsstrivetoshiftattentionawayfromdistractingthoughtsandfocusonlyonthehereandnow.17Evenbrieflysilencingone’smindamidstworkpressuresordigitaldistractionsrequirespractice.Meditationcontributestoimprovingnotjustmental,butphysicalhealthaswell.Studieshaveshownthatitcanincreaseimmunefunctionandreducechronicpain.Meditationhasalsoproventobeeffectiveindecreasinginstancesofdepression,anxietyandstress.Itcanalsosharpenyourmind,helpyourfocusandattention,andimproveyourmemory.1819Afewminuteseachdaycanmakeadifference.Setasidebothtimeandspace,becauserushingthroughitwoulddefeatthepurpose.WearcomfortableclothingandfindaquietspotawayfromdistractionslikeTVsorpets.Sitcross-leggedonthefloororuprightinachair,avoidinglyingdowntopreventsleepiness.Asyousettle,breathedeeplyandobserveyourimmediatesensationswithoutjudgment.Initially,itmightbetoughtoquietthenoiseinyourhead.20Overtime,meditationwilldefinitelybecomeacomfortableandrewardingpractice,fosteringinnerpeaceandenhancingoverallwellbeing.A．Keeppracticinganddon’tgiveup!B．Toembarkonameditationjourney,startsmall.C．Guidedmeditationscanhelpbeginnersgetstarted.D．Mindfulnesscanbeappliedtoeverydayactivities.E．Despiteitssimplicity,masteringthistechniquecanbechallenging.F．Thatiswhysomeschoolshavestartedteachingmindfulnesstechniques.G．Thispracticedidhelpthemmaintainmentalstrengthduringhardship.二、完形填空（本大題共1小題）NolandKeaulanahasbeenalifeguardfor16years.OnaWednesdayevening,hewas21hisdutyasusualwhenhereceivedanalertonhiswalkie-talkie(對(duì)講機(jī))aboutamissing17-year-oldboy.KahiauKawai,offtheHonolulucoast.Kahiauhadaccidentally22afterhiskayak(獨(dú)木舟)overturnedduringhishighschoolpractice.AsKeaulanaandotherrescuers23theirwaytotheocean,Kahiauwasstrugglingagainststrongcurrents,and24betweenlyingonhiskayakandtreading(踩)water.“Itwaspretty25outthere,thewaveswerestrongandIjustcouldn’tfightthe26.”Kahiaurecalled.Thefiredepartmentquickly27multipleboats,aircraft,andover50personnel.Keaulanawasoneofthoserescuers,28searchingtheocean,witheverypassinghourbringingadeepeningsenseof29.Aftera(n)30eight-hoursearch,aUSCoastGuardairplanecrewspottedKahim.He31Keaulana—thenearestboater.“Hejustappearedinmy32,treadingwaterandholdingontothekayak.”Kahianwasrescuedafternearly12hoursintheocean.Keaulana,comingfromaNativeHawaiianwatermanfamily,hassavedmanypeople.Savinglives,hesays,ishispassion—and33.“Itreateveryoneasmyownfamilymembers.Thatwholenight,I’mouttheresearchingformyown34.”hesaid.“Beingabletofindhimwasvery35.”21．A．performing B．carrying C．delaying D．securing22．A．sankdown B．floatedaway C．climbedout D．setoff23．A．continued B．felt C．made D．found24．A．remaining B．choosing C．jumping D．switching25．A．gentle B．rough C．smooth D．calm26．A．storm B．wind C．tide D．current27．A．sentout B．putaway C．heldback D．brokethrough28．A．casually B．desperately C．hesitantly D．confidently29．A．worry B．excitement C．delight D．hope30．A．brief B．quick C．thorough D．hurried31．A．texted B．emailed C．radioed D．phoned32．A．sight B．imagination C．memory D．mind33．A．interest B．duty C．hobby D．determination34．A．daughter B．visitor C．son D．survivor35．A．reasonable B．tiring C．surprising D．emotional三、語(yǔ)法填空（本大題共1小題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ChineseteaartwasbornintheHanDynasty,36(mature)intheSongDynastyandflourishedintheMingandQingdynasties.Chineseteaartmade37(it)aculturalandspiritualicon,symbolizinganoblecharacter.EarlyrecordsofteasetsarescarcebeforetheTangDynasty.However,LuYu’swork,ChaJing,promotedaflourishingofteaculture,38(detail)28distinctteasetswithinasinglechapter.TheteasetsintheSongDynastyaremoregorgeousandmagnificent.Teabottlereplacedwaterboiler,and“chaxian”,functioning39aspoontoblendtea,wasaddedinteasets.A40(compete)gamebasedonteadrinkingacquired41greatreputationduringthistime.Theteabottleusedhasabigbelly,longneck,andparabolicmouthforprecisepouring.IntheMingandQingdynasties,teasetsshiftedbacktosimplerterracottaandporcelain,yettheyweremoresophisticatedthanTangDynasty42(version).Whitecoloredteasets,43colourwasbeautifullysetoffbythegreencoloroftheloosetea,becamemorefavorable.PurpleclaypotteryfromYixing,Jiangsuprovince,thrivedintheQingDynasty.44(remarkable),teainpurpleclayteasetsstilltastesgoodafter45(keep)foronenighteveninhotsummer.四、書(shū)信寫(xiě)作（本大題共1小題）46．假定你是李華，上周末參加了學(xué)校組織的以“保護(hù)綠色，從我做起（ProtectingtheGreenBeginswithMe）”為主題的環(huán)保徒步活動(dòng)（eco-friendlyhikingevent）。請(qǐng)你給校英語(yǔ)報(bào)寫(xiě)一篇短文分享這次經(jīng)歷，內(nèi)容包括：1.徒步的時(shí)間和路線；2.徒步中所采取的環(huán)保行動(dòng)；3.你的感想。注意：1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80詞左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。AnUnforgettableEco-FriendlyHikingEvent___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、書(shū)面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題）47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Inasmalltown,therelivedanoldwomannamedMrs.Thompsonwhowasknownforherkindheart.However,shehadbeenlivingalonesinceherhusbandpassedawayandherreclusive(隱居的)naturekeptherabitapartfromothers.Shelivedalonelylife,withherwell-tendedgardenasheronlycomfort.Thegardenwasanabundanceofcolors,filledwithroses,daisies,andvariousherbs.Eachplantwascaredforwithherfullloveandattention.Oneday,ayounggirlnamedLilymovedintotheneighborhood.Lilywasacuriousandfriendlychild,butshehadbeenthroughadifficulttimeasshewasrecoveringfromaseriousillnessandwasoftensadandlonely.Oneafternoon,LilywaswalkingpastMrs.Thompson’shouseandwasattractedbythebeautifulgarden.ShepeckedoverthefenceandsawMrs.Thompsontendingtotheflowers.Mrs.ThompsonnoticedLilyandinvitedherin.Lilywashesitantatfirstbutthenwalkedinwithashysmile.Mrs.Thompsonshowedheraroundthegardenandtoldheraboutthedifferentplantsandtheiruses.ShepickedafewherbsandmadeacupofteaforLily,sayingitwasgoodforherhealth.Lilydranktheteaandfeltawarmthandcomfortshehadn’tfeltinalongtime.Asthedayspassed,Lilybecameafrequentvisitortothegarden.Mrs.Thompsontaughtherhowtoplantseeds,watertheplants,andtakecareofthem.Lily’shealthgraduallyimproved,andshestartedtosmileandlaughmore.However,oneday,Mrs.Thompsonfellillandwashospitalized.Learningofthis,Lilyrushedtothehospitaltoensureherwell-being.Duringtheirconversation,sheknewMrs.Thompsonwasworriedabouthergarden,fearingthatwithouthercare,theflowersandherbsshecherishedwouldwither(枯萎).注意：1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右：2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。Lilydecidedtotakeuptheresponsibilityinherplace.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________AccompaniedbyLily,Mrs.Thompsonreturnedhome.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案【答案】1．A2．D3．C【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文介紹了Hostelworld的預(yù)訂流程，包括輸入必要信息、選擇預(yù)訂類型（非靈活預(yù)訂和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)靈活預(yù)訂）、支付方式以及最佳價(jià)格保證。【解析】1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個(gè)小標(biāo)題“Obviously,asabackpackerandtraveleronabudget,youwanttosaveeventhat1€.Ourbestadvicewouldbetomakethenon-refundablebookingfordatesyouare100%certainabout.(顯然,作為一個(gè)背包客和預(yù)算有限的旅行者，你甚至想節(jié)省那1歐元。所以，我們最好的建議是，對(duì)于你百分之百確定的日期，選擇不可退款的預(yù)訂)”可知，建議預(yù)算有限的旅行者選擇不可退款的預(yù)訂以節(jié)省費(fèi)用。故選A。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ifyoufindabookingcheaperonanyotherwebsite,we’llrefundyouthedifference.(如果你在其他網(wǎng)站上找到更便宜的預(yù)訂,我們會(huì)退還差價(jià)給你)”可知，如果用戶在其他網(wǎng)站上發(fā)現(xiàn)更便宜的價(jià)格，Hostelworld會(huì)退還差價(jià)。故選D。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)標(biāo)題“BookingProcessofHostelworld(Hostelworld的預(yù)訂流程)”和第一段“Hostelworldisthelargesthostelbookingplatform.BookingthroughHostelworldiseasy.Youcaneitherusetheregularwebsiteordownloadtheappandthenfollowthestepsbelow.(Hostelworld是最大的旅舍預(yù)訂平臺(tái)。通過(guò)Hostelworld預(yù)訂很容易。你可以使用常規(guī)網(wǎng)站或下載應(yīng)用程序，然后按照下面的步驟操作)”并結(jié)合下文可知，本文主要介紹了Hostelworld的預(yù)訂流程，包括如何輸入信息、選擇預(yù)訂類型、支付方式以及最佳價(jià)格保證。故文章的目的是介紹Hostelworld的預(yù)訂流程。故選C。【答案】4．B5．B6．C7．A【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了攝影記者GideonMendel及其系列作品“SubmergedPortraits”，該系列通過(guò)記錄洪水影響下的個(gè)體，旨在直觀展現(xiàn)氣候變化的人文影響。Mendel的工作不僅限于攝影，還擴(kuò)展到視頻裝置藝術(shù)，以此強(qiáng)調(diào)氣候變化帶來(lái)的全球性后果。【解析】4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Hissubjectsstandstillintheirfloodedhomes,creatingheart-breakingimagesthatconveybothaestheticbeautyandprofoundcontent.(他的拍攝對(duì)象站在被洪水淹沒(méi)的家園中，一動(dòng)不動(dòng)，創(chuàng)造出令人心碎的畫(huà)面，這些畫(huà)面既具有美學(xué)之美，又包含了深刻的內(nèi)涵)”可知，Mendel的照片描繪了洪水幸存者在被淹沒(méi)的家中的情景，這些圖像既美麗又深刻，能夠觸動(dòng)觀眾的情感，讓他們感受到洪水帶來(lái)的創(chuàng)傷。故選B。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theexhibition,showingvideosoffloodsurvivorsreturninghome,emphasizesthepersonalandglobalconsequencesofclimatechange.(展覽展示了洪水幸存者回家的視頻，強(qiáng)調(diào)了氣候變化對(duì)個(gè)人和全球的影響)”可知，“Coal+Ice”攝影展通過(guò)展示洪水幸存者返回家園的視頻，突顯了氣候變化的影響。故選B。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Realactiviststakerisksandgotoprisonandputthemselvesontheline.Ionlyputmypicturesonline.(真正的活動(dòng)家會(huì)冒險(xiǎn)、坐牢，把自己置于危險(xiǎn)之中。我只是把照片放到了網(wǎng)上)”可知，我們可以看出Mendel對(duì)自己的工作持有一種謙遜的態(tài)度。他承認(rèn)自己并沒(méi)有像真正的活動(dòng)家那樣冒很大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，只是通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)分享圖片。這表明他對(duì)自己的貢獻(xiàn)有清晰的認(rèn)識(shí)，并且不夸大自己的作用。故選C。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Hemakesithumanandreal,thatweareallvulnerableandimpactedbyclimatechange,regardlessofwhereweliveorwhatourincomeis(他使其人性化且真實(shí)，即我們所有人都是脆弱的，并且受到氣候變化的影響，無(wú)論我們生活在哪里或收入如何)”可知，Mendel的作品深刻地體現(xiàn)了他對(duì)全球各地人們面對(duì)氣候變化時(shí)的脆弱性和影響的理解和同情。故選A。【答案】8．D9．D10．C11．B【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文探討了狨（marmosets）這種小型且可愛(ài)的南美猴類在社會(huì)互動(dòng)中的復(fù)雜性，特別是它們使用特定叫聲“pheecalls”作為名字進(jìn)行交流的獨(dú)特方式。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)不僅揭示了狨的社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜性，還為理解人類早期祖先的社交溝通和語(yǔ)言發(fā)展提供了線索。【解析】8．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“consideringhowfewwildanimalsareknowntohaveone(考慮到很少有野生動(dòng)物已知擁有這種系統(tǒng))”、“Itisthefirsttimesuchbehaviorhasbeenobservedinprimatesotherthanhumans.(這是首次在人類以外的靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物中觀察到這種行為)”可知，鑒于已知擁有這種（命名系統(tǒng)）的野生動(dòng)物很少，說(shuō)明像這樣的命名系統(tǒng)在任何物種中都不是“不重要”的發(fā)現(xiàn)，此處為雙重否定等于肯定意思，故劃線詞意思是“不重要的”。故選D。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theyfoundthatmarmosetsusepheecallstoengageinturn-takingdialoguesandevenidentifydetailsaboutwhoeverisproducingthem.Thedistinctivefeaturesandflexibilityofthesecallssuggestthatmarmosetsmightusethemtolabelandcommunicatewitheachotherwithintheirsocialgroups.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，狨猴會(huì)用它們的叫聲來(lái)進(jìn)行輪流對(duì)話，甚至還能識(shí)別出說(shuō)話人的細(xì)節(jié)。這些叫聲的獨(dú)特特征和靈活性表明，狨猴可能會(huì)用它們?cè)谏鐣?huì)群體中相互標(biāo)記和交流)”可知，狨猴的叫聲用于交流和識(shí)別。故選D。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Visibilityislimitedinthesedensetreetops,butusingvocallabelsasnamesmightassistmarmosetsinstayingconnectedandworkingtogetherasagroupwhiletheyarespendingsignificantamountsoftimeoutofeachother’ssight.(在這些茂密的樹(shù)梢上，能見(jiàn)度是有限的，但使用聲音標(biāo)簽作為名字可能有助于狨猴保持聯(lián)系，并在彼此視線之外度過(guò)大量時(shí)間時(shí)作為一個(gè)群體一起工作)”可知，在雨林中，聲音標(biāo)記可以讓狨猴在低能見(jiàn)度條件下維持社會(huì)聯(lián)系。故選C。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thesesimilaritiessuggestthattheyfacedcomparableevolutionarysocialchallengestoourearlypre-linguisticancestors,whichmighthaveledthemtodevelopsimilarcommunicatingmethods.(這些相似之處表明,它們面臨著與我們?cè)缙诜钦Z(yǔ)言祖先相似的進(jìn)化社會(huì)挑戰(zhàn)，這可能導(dǎo)致它們發(fā)展出類似的溝通方法)”可知，類似的社會(huì)挑戰(zhàn)導(dǎo)致狨猴擁有與早期人類祖先相似的交流方式。故選B。【答案】12．A13．D14．C15．B【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文介紹了研究人員開(kāi)發(fā)了一種使用AI技術(shù)的“自愈電網(wǎng)”技術(shù)，能夠自動(dòng)檢測(cè)和修復(fù)電力故障，如暴風(fēng)雨損壞的電線。該技術(shù)在測(cè)試網(wǎng)絡(luò)中表現(xiàn)出色，能迅速重新分配電力流向，盡管在將這個(gè)系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用于實(shí)際電網(wǎng)之前還需要進(jìn)一步的研究，但研究人員表示，這對(duì)于國(guó)家問(wèn)題重重的電網(wǎng)來(lái)說(shuō)仍然是一個(gè)令人興奮的進(jìn)展。【解析】12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Powergridsworldwidefacechallengesfromincreasingextremeweatherevents,cyberattacks,andrisingdemand.Therefore,it’scrucialtodeveloptoolsthatmodernizethesystemandmakeitmoreresilient(有適應(yīng)力的)againstfuturepowercuts.(全球電網(wǎng)面臨極端天氣事件增多、網(wǎng)絡(luò)攻擊和需求上升等挑戰(zhàn)。因此，開(kāi)發(fā)現(xiàn)代化工具以增強(qiáng)系統(tǒng)對(duì)未來(lái)斷電的適應(yīng)力至關(guān)重要)”可知，提及北美電網(wǎng)是以此為例，呼應(yīng)上文，表明更新電網(wǎng)的必要性。故選A。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Oncetrained,theAI-drivensystemcanrerouteelectricalflowinmicroseconds,vastlyoutpacingcurrentprocessesinvolvingclassicalengineeringtechniquesorhumanintervention,whichcantakeminutestohours.(一旦經(jīng)過(guò)訓(xùn)練，這個(gè)由AI驅(qū)動(dòng)的系統(tǒng)可以在微秒內(nèi)重新路由電流，在速度上大大超過(guò)當(dāng)前涉及傳統(tǒng)工程技術(shù)或人為干預(yù)的流程，這些流程可能需要幾分鐘到幾小時(shí))”可知，自愈電網(wǎng)的優(yōu)勢(shì)在于它顯著加快了重新路由電力的過(guò)程。故選D。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Anexampleofknowledgegainedfromsuchexperiencewouldbeifalinefaultblockselectricity,thesystemcanrearrangeusingswitchesanddrawpowerfromneighbouringsources,likesolarpanelsorbatteriesonauniversitycampusorbusiness.(從這樣的經(jīng)驗(yàn)中獲得的一個(gè)例子是，如果線路故障導(dǎo)致電力中斷，系統(tǒng)可以通過(guò)開(kāi)關(guān)重新配置，并從鄰近來(lái)源獲取電力，比如大學(xué)校園或企業(yè)上的太陽(yáng)能電池板或電池)”可知，當(dāng)系統(tǒng)處理線路故障阻斷電力時(shí)，它會(huì)通過(guò)重定向和使用附近來(lái)源的電力來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)。故選C。15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Theapproachisanearlyexampleof“self-healinggrid(輸電網(wǎng))”technology,whichusesAItodetectandrepairproblemssuchaspowercutsautonomouslyandwithouthumaninterventionwhenissuesoccur,suchasstorm-damagedpowerlines.(這種方法是“自我修復(fù)電網(wǎng)”技術(shù)的早期例子，該技術(shù)利用人工智能自動(dòng)檢測(cè)和修復(fù)停電等問(wèn)題，并且在風(fēng)暴損壞電線等問(wèn)題發(fā)生時(shí)無(wú)需人工干預(yù))”結(jié)合本文介紹了研究人員開(kāi)發(fā)了一種使用AI技術(shù)的“自愈電網(wǎng)”技術(shù)，能夠自動(dòng)檢測(cè)和修復(fù)電力故障，如暴風(fēng)雨損壞的電線。該技術(shù)在測(cè)試網(wǎng)絡(luò)中表現(xiàn)出色，能迅速重新分配電力流向，盡管在將這個(gè)系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用于實(shí)際電網(wǎng)之前還需要進(jìn)一步的研究，但研究人員表示，這對(duì)于國(guó)家問(wèn)題重重的電網(wǎng)來(lái)說(shuō)仍然是一個(gè)令人興奮的進(jìn)展。故B選項(xiàng)“自愈電網(wǎng)技術(shù)：潛力巨大”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。【答案】16．G17．E18．F19．B20．A【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要介紹了冥想的定義、好處以及如何開(kāi)始練習(xí)冥想。【解析】16．根據(jù)上文“Thecoach,a25-year-oldformermonknamedEkapolChantawong,reportedlytaughttheboysmeditationtopassthetime,staycalm,andconserveenergy.(據(jù)報(bào)道，25歲的教練埃卡波·占塔旺曾是一名僧人，他教這些男孩冥想，以消磨時(shí)間、保持冷靜和保存能量)”推知空處陳述冥想的作用。選項(xiàng)G“這種做法確實(shí)幫助他們?cè)诶щy時(shí)期保持精神力量”符合題意。故選G。17．根據(jù)上文“Meditation,apracticewithrootsinvariousphilosophies,fundamentallyinvolvesmindfulnessofthepresentmoment.Inmindfulnessmeditation,individualsstrivetoshiftattentionawayfromdistractingthoughtsandfocusonlyonthehereandnow.(冥想是一種根植于各種哲學(xué)的練習(xí)，從根本上說(shuō)，它涉及到對(duì)當(dāng)下的專注。在正念冥想中，人們努力將注意力從分散注意力的想法中轉(zhuǎn)移出來(lái)，只關(guān)注此時(shí)此地)”以及后文“Evenbrieflysilencingone’smindamidstworkpressuresordigitaldistractionsrequirespractice.(即使是在工作壓力或數(shù)字干擾下短暫地讓自己的大腦安靜下來(lái)，也需要練習(xí))”可知，盡管冥想有其哲學(xué)根源和看似簡(jiǎn)單的本質(zhì)，但要真正精通卻需要時(shí)間和努力，說(shuō)明冥想具有復(fù)雜性和挑戰(zhàn)性。E選項(xiàng)“盡管這個(gè)方法很簡(jiǎn)單，但是掌握它卻很有挑戰(zhàn)性”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。18．根據(jù)前一句“Itcanalsosharpenyourmind,helpyourfocusandattention,andimproveyourmemory.(它還可以使你的思維敏捷，幫助你集中注意力，提高你的記憶力)”提到冥想對(duì)提高注意力、記憶力等方面的益處，因此需要一個(gè)句子來(lái)進(jìn)一步解釋這些益處的影響。選項(xiàng)F“這就是為什么一些學(xué)校開(kāi)始教授正念技巧”與前文銜接緊密。故選F。19．根據(jù)后文“Afewminuteseachdaycanmakeadifference.Setasidebothtimeandspace,becauserushingthroughitwoulddefeatthepurpose.WearcomfortableclothingandfindaquietspotawayfromdistractionslikeTVsorpets.Sitcross-leggedonthefloororuprightinachair,avoidinglyingdowntopreventsleepiness.Asyousettle,breathedeeplyandobserveyourimmediatesensationswithoutjudgment.(每天只花幾分鐘就能帶來(lái)不同。留出時(shí)間和空間，因?yàn)榇掖叶^(guò)會(huì)破壞目的。穿舒適的衣服，找一個(gè)安靜的地方，遠(yuǎn)離電視或?qū)櫸锏雀蓴_。盤(pán)腿坐在地板上或坐在椅子上，避免躺下，以免困。靜下心來(lái)，深呼吸，不加評(píng)判地觀察自己的即時(shí)感受)”可知，這一段開(kāi)始介紹如何開(kāi)始冥想。選項(xiàng)B“