A英語8AAAreyouinterestedinhowmarine(海洋的)ecosystemswork?Doyouwanttoknowmoreaboutmarineanimals?BowlingGreenStateUniversity(BGSU)hasoneofthefewcampsintheMidwestwherehighschoolstudentscanexplorelifeatsea!CampDates:June813,2025Whatkindsofactivitiesdocampersgettodo?·FieidtripstolocationsaroundNorthwestOhiotoexaminemarinelifeandenvironments·Handsonactiviticstopracticespecimen(標本)collectionprocedures·Designandrunanexperimentinourresearchlab·BehindthescenetriptotheToledoZootolearnaboutmarineanimals·MeetprofessionalstolearnwhatitmeanstobeamarinescientistWhatdoesthecostcover?TheBGSUMarineBiologycampwillofferbothresidentialandnonresidentialoptions.Thecostofthenonresidentialprogramis$850,withanadditional$400feefortheresidentialoption.Thetotalprogramcostcoversroomandboard,allmaterialsforlabsandactivitiesaswellastransportationforfieldtrips.A10%discountisavailableforearlyadmission.ApplicationRequirements·Letterofremendation·pletetheonlineform·pleteresponsestoshortanswerquestionsNote:Answerstoquestionsprovidedbyanyoneotherthanthatapplicantwilldisqualifytheapplication.1·March2,2025—Tobeconsideredforearlyadmission.ApplicantswillbeinformedbyMarch14.·April25,2025—GeneralApplicationDeadline.Note:Allspacesmayfillafterselectionfromtheearlyadmissiondeadline.21.Whatdoesthecampoffer?A.Samplegatheringpractice.B.Fieldtripstonaturemuseums.C.Researchlabmembership.D.Lecturesonmarineknowledge.22.Whatistheearlyadmissioncostfortheresidentialoption?A.$400.B.S765.C.$1,125.D.$1,250.23.Whichofthefollowingwillresultinanapplicant'sdisqualification?A.Forgettingtoconfirmadmission.B.Providingresponsesgivenbyothers.C.Missingtheearlyapplicationdeadline.D.Failingtoremendotherapplicants.BJulesVerneiswidelyregardedasoneofthefathersofsciencefiction.His“ExtraordinaryVoyages(航海)”seriestransportreadersongrandadventurestothefarreachesofEarthandbeyond.ButVernedidmorethanjusttellentertainingstories——healsopredictedover100moderndayinventionsandtechnologiesinhiswritings.Forexample,inthe1889shortstoryIntheYear2889,Vernepaintedapictureofahighlynetworkedworldwithglobalmultimediamunications.Hedescribedthe“phonotelephote,”whichsentsoundandimagesovergreatdistances.Themaincharacter,FritzNapoleonSmith,isabletoeasilymunicateviathistechnologywithhiswifeonanothercontinent:“Mr.Smithwasabledistinctlytoseehiswifedespitethedistancethatseparatedhimfromher...Mrs.Smithimmediatelyappearedonthetelephoticscreen,withherfeaturessmilingandhereyesmoist(潮濕的)withtears.”Verne'stechnicallygroundedadventuretalesrepresentedanewapproachtoimaginingthefuturethroughfiction.Unlikeotherwritersofhisdaywhopennedmorefancifulorsupermaturalstories,Verneaimedforrealisminhisfuturisticvisions,alwaysbasingthemoncuttingedgescienceandhisownextensiveresearch.Thislaidthefoundationforthe“hardsciencefiction”ofthe20thcenturyandbeyond.Verneisoftenthoughtofasatechnologicaloptimist,achampionofscientificprogressandinnovation.Buthiswritingsalsorevealanotherperspective.Manyofhisstoriesfeatureabrilliantbutmadscientistwhoseinventionsultimatelybringmoreharmthangood.CaptainNemoin20.000LeaguesUndertheSeauseshissubmarine(潛艇)toviolentlyattackships.ForVerne,humannaturedeterminedwhethertechnologywouldbeaforceforgoodorasourceofdestruction.ThespiritofadventureinVerne'stimelessstorieswillliveon,continuingtoinspiregenerationstopushtheboundariesofthepossibleandcreatetheworldoftomorrow.ThatisperhapsthegreatestachievementoftheextraordinaryvoyagesofJulesVerne.24.HowdocsMr.SmithcontacthiswifeinIntheYear2889?2A.Byholdinganinpersontalk.B.Bymakingalongdistancecall.C.Bysendingaletterbackhome.D.Byhavinganinstantvideochat.25.Whatisthe“hardsciencefiction”basedon?A.Theunrealisticfantasies.B.Thefictionaltechnologies.C.Thelatestresearchfindings.D.Theimaginedfutureworlds.26.WhatcanweinferaboutVemefromCaptainNemo'sstory?A.Heisdisappointedwithhumannature.B.Heisawareofthedangeroftechnology.C.Heisinfavourofscientificdevelopment.D.Heisdifferentfromthewritersofhistime.27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesJulesVerneaccordingtothetext?A.Strongwilled.B.Fantasyseeking.C.Positiveminded.D.Forwardthinking.CSelfconfidenceistrustinginourabilitiesorqualities.It'susuallyseenasagoodthing.Butisitpossiblethatwemightbenefitfromalittlelessconfidenceinourbeliefs?Formanyyears,Dr.MarkLeary,aneuroscientistatDukeUniversityinDurham,N.C.,hasstudiedtheroleofpeople'sbeliefsintheirbehavior.Hefoundoverconfidenceisverymon,especiallywhenitestowhatpeoplebelievetobetrue,andcanleadustodisastrousdecisions.In1986,NASAbelievedthattheriskoflossforanyspaceflightwasroughly1in100,000.ItwasanoverconfidentbeliefandmighthaveledtotheexplosionoftheChallenger.Thegoodnewsisthatthere'sa“vaccine(疫苗)”foroverconfidence,andthat'swhatscientistscall“intellectualhumility”——recognizingthatyourbeliefscouldbewrong.Asurveyof144collegestudentstomeasuretheirintellectualhumilityfoundthatstudentswhosawtheirthinkingcouldbewrongtendedtobemorecuriousandmorelikelytoseekoutnewknowledge.Theyendedupknowingmoreattheendoftheday.Butdoesitactuallyhelpyoubeyondthat?Tofindoutmore,Dr.TenellePorteratBallStateUniversityconductedaseriesofstudieswithhighschoolstudents.Shefoundthatstudentswithintellectualhumilityweremuchmorelikelytotestthemselvestoseewhethertheyreallyunderstoodthematerialandseekoutpotentialholesintheirunderstanding.Whentheygottestscores,they'dchangetheirstudystrategiestoimprovetheirperformanceandmasterthematerialforthenexttest.Studentswhodidn'tseetheirknowledgecouldbewrongmightinsteadjustsailthroughtheirstudyingandwouldn'tstoptoaskthemselvesiftheytrulyunderstoodwhattheyread,heard,ordid.Suchstudentsthoughttheygotasubjectdownpat,butwhenaskedtoexplainitonatest,theyfoundtheydidn'tactuallyunderstandasmuchastheyhadthought.Althoughitmightbegoodforyou,researchersrecognizethatquestioningyourbeliefscanbetrulyhard.Still,it'simportanttorememberthatquestioningbeliefsisn'talwaysaboutreplacingoldoneswithnewones.Ifyoufindithardtoquestionabelief,trytaking“babysteps.”28.WhydoestheauthormentiontheexplosionoftheChallenger?3A.Toexpresshissorrowfortheloss.B.Tostressthehighriskofspaceflights.C.Toshowtheresultofwrongoperation.D.Togiveanexampleofoverconfidence.29.WhatdoweknowaboutintellectualhumilityaccordingtoPorter'sresearch?A.Iturgedstudentstogainrecognition.B.Itencouragedstudentstotakeexams.C.Ithelpedstudentstoadjustlearningmethods.D.Itmotivatedstudentstomemorizeknowledge.30.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“gotasubjectdownpat”meaninparagraph5?A.Fullymasteredasubject.B.Putgreateffortintoasubject.C.Reallyenjoyedasubject.D.Benefitedalotfromasubject.31.Whatwillprobablybediscussedinthefollowingparagraphs?A.Whyquestioningourbeliefishard.B.Whyintellectualhumilityishelpful.C.Howtobeeaconfidentperson.D.Howtopracticeintellectualhumility.DTheabilitytodetectanearbypresencewithoutseeingortouchingitmaysoundfantastical—butit'sarealabilitythatsomecreatureshave.AfamilyofAfricanfishknownasMormyridsareweaklyelectric,andhavespecialorgansthatcanlocateanearbytarget,evenwhenit'shidinginthemud.Scientistshavenowdevelopedanartificialsensorsystemmodelledontheabilityofthesefish.“Wedevelopedanewstrategyfor3Dmotionpositioningbyelectronicskin,bioinspiredby'electricfish,'”saysDr.XingeYu,anassociateprofessorintheDepartmentofBiomedicalEngineeringattheCityUniversityofHongKong.TheteamdescribedtheireskinsensorinapaperpublishedonNovember14inNature.Theartificialsensorismultilayered.Onelayeractsasatransmitter(發射器),whichwillgenerateanelectricfieldonceactivated,andanotherlayeractsasareceivertodetectboththedirectionandthedistancetoanobject.Aseparatecontrollercreatesthedrivingsignaltoactivatethetransmitter.Whenanobjecteswithinrange,theelectricfieldaroundthesensorisdisrupted(擾亂),whichinturncanbedetectedbythereceiver.Thisdataisthenprocessedbyamicrocontrollerunit,whichputesthepositionofthetargetobjectandsendsthatinformationtoasmartphoneorotherdevices.Aspecialbiogel(生物凝膠)isusedinthesensor,whichhastheabilitytotransmitandreceiveelectricsignalsfromapatternofmicrochannelsonthesurface.Theendresultisasensorthatisthin,softandflexible,makingiteasytoadapttoirregularsurfaces,suchasthehumanbody.Incontrasttothetraditionalsensorsystemthatneedsalargenumberofsensorstoachievespatialpositioning,thenewsystemcanlocateanobjectpreciselyin3Dspaceusingjustafewsensors.Thissignificantlyreducesthepowerconsumptionofdatacollection,transmission,andprocessing.Theresearchershopethatthissensorcouldonedayopenupanewrangeofwearabletechnologies,includingsensorsforhumanmachineinteractionandthin,flexibleeskin.32.Thefirstparagraphaimstoshow.4A.thespecialabilityofAfricanfishB.theinspirationforanewinvention

C.thebigchallengeoflocatingobjectsD.thereasonfordevelopingasensor33.Whatisthecorrectorderofthesystem'sworkingprocedures?

a.Thetransmittercreatesanelectricfield.b.Aunitputesthepositionofthetarget.c.Thecontrollersendstheactivatingsignal.d.Thereceiverdetectsthechangeofelectricsignals.

e.Theelectricfieldisdisruptedbyanapproachingobject.

A.cacdb.B.cadeb.C.acedb.D.aecdb.34.Whatisanadvantageofthenewsensorsystem?

A.Itssensitivitytodifferentstimulations.B.Itsadaptationtoenvironmentalchanges.C.Itsefficiencyinachieving3Dpositioning.D.Itsspeedindatacollectionandprocessing.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MachineDetective“Wears”FlexibleEskinB.BioinspiredSensor“Feels”WithoutTouching

C.ESkinSensor:TheFutureofMachineLearning

D.ElectricFields:TheFrontierofObjectDetection第二節(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Greenroofshavebeenaroundforthousandsofyears,longbeforemodernhousingwasdeveloped.FromthesimplegrasscoveredroofsabovecavestothefamousHangingGardensofBabylon,theyremainedanimportantpartofarchitecture.36Theybringenormousenvironmentalbenefitsandoffersolutionstosomepressingecologicalchallengesofourtime.Inthedesignofagreenroof,therearekeyfactorsthatcount.Thefirststepistoinstall(安裝)aprotectivelayerovertherooftopreventwaterdamage.37It'sessentialtochoosehighqualitymaterials,asoncethegreenroofispletedandthebuildingisinuse,replacingtheprotectivelayerbeesdifficultandexpensive.Next,adrainage(排水)layer,whichisoftenmadeofpebblesoraspecialmat,isplacedontop.Ithelpswaterflowofftheroofinsteadofpoolingonit.Then,agrowingmedium,likesoilorothersimilarmaterials,isspreadoverthedrainagelayer.38Nowit'stimetochooseplantsfortheroof.Someplantshaveshallowrootsystemsanddon'tneedmuchwater.39Sedumandchivesaregoodexamplesofsuchplants.Theyarenotonlywaterefficientbuttoughandlonglasting.40It'simportanttothinkaboutyourbudget.Onaverage,itcostsS25to$30persquarefoottoinstallagreenroof.Thisdoesn'tincludethecostofinstallingorrepairingthenormalroofunderneath.Andthereislabourcosttocover.Ifatraditionalroofcosts$30persquarefoot,installingagreenroofcouldeasilydoublethatexpense.A.Thisiswheretheplantswillgrow.5B.However,greenroofseatahighcost.C.Today,greenroofsaregainingmoreattention.D.Thesefeaturesmakethemidealforgreenroofs.E.Asaresult,theyledtothepopularityofgreenroofs.

F.Greenroofmaterialscanrangefromgrasstosolarpanels.

G.Thelayeralsostopsplantrootsgrowingintotheroofstructure.第三部分語言運用(共兩節，滿分30分)第一節(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Ionceworkedintheremotebutbeautifulcountryside.Allfarmworkcan,inmyexperience,41apersontodevelopaSpartan(斯巴達的)spirit.Fromtheageofeight,Ihadtocontributemyshareof42alongwithmyparentsandtwo

elderbrothers.Onthehottestsummerdayswhentheair43flowed,Ikneltinapaddyfield(

稻田)withmykneesdeepinmud.Thebugsandwormsinthewater44intomyskin,andthe

sunburneduponmy45back.Sweatstreameddown;ifadropranintotheeyes,itwould46

tears.SoIalwayskeptmyfaceaslowaspossible.Itoldmyself,“Be47!”Ifmyparentsandbrotherscouldgoontakingit,socouldL48I

pulledmyselftogetheranddraggedmyselfforward.Ilearnednottobeafraidofdifficultiesand

themeaningof“youreap(收獲)whatyou49.”“Judgeamannotbyhisface,butbyhis50,”mymotherusedtosay.Thelandis51,

aslongasyouarewillingtoworkonit.Whenthewindblewandthericeplantsmovedlike52

inthesea,breahtakinglybeautiful,adeepsenseofsatisfaction53inme.

AlthoughlaterIwentintoacademicresearch,Ishallalwaysrememberwhatworkingin

thepaddyfieldstaughtme:54yourfeetfirmlyontheground,nevergiveupandyouwillbe

55.41.A.remindB.warnC.attractD.train42.A.wealthB.luckC.labourD.wisdom43.A.gentlyB.hardlyC.loudlyD.usually44.A.climbedB.bitC.cutD.fell45.A.archedB.broadC.strongD.straightened46.A.holdB.produceC.dropD.replace47.A.quickB.proudC.quietD.patient48.A.SlowlyB.SlightlyC.SafelyD.Sadly49.A.pickB.findC.sowD.wish50.A.fieldsB.booksC.neighboursD.clothes51.A.affordableB.acceptableC.dependableD.livable52.A.boatsB.weedsC.fishesD.waves53.A.welledupB.brokeupC.cooledoffD.heldoff54.A.dragB.kickC.plantD.lift55.A.promotedB.educatedCfortedD.rewarded第二節(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)6閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。

OnAugust5,2024,ChinesebadmintonplayerHeBingjiaowonasilvermedalattheParis

Olympics.However,56trulystoodoutwasatouchingmomentonthepodium(領獎臺).Asshe

receivedhermedal,HeBingjiaoheldabadge(徽章)57(feature)theSpanishflag,which

arousedwidespreadcuriosityonline.Thisgesturewastoexpressrespectandcareforhersemifinalopponent,Spain'sCarolina

Marin,who58(retire)fromthematchduetoinjury.HeBingjiaoexplained,"Ibroughtthe

SpanishbadgebecauseMarin'ssufferingbrokemyheart.Ihopesheseesthisandwishhera

speedy59(recover).”Duringtheirsemifinalmatch,Marinperformedwellbut60(force)tostopaftergetting

injured.HeBingjiaoimmediatelyreachedout,offeringsupportandcheckingonMarin,who

was61(visible)upset.Theactrapidlymadeheadlinesaroundtheworld.TheInternationalOlympicmittee

praisedHeBingjiao62showingtheOlympicvaluesofrespectandfriendship.Spanish

mediaalsohighlightedthe63(emotion)moment,withmanyfansapplaudingher

sportsmanship.PauGasol,thelegendarySpanishbasketballplayer,calledit64beautiful

displayofOlympicspirit.HeBingjiao'sactionnotonlydemonstratedherrespectforheropponentbutalsoreflectedthetruespiritoftheOlympics—petition,65(pair)withunityandmutual(相互的)respect.第四部分寫作(共兩節，滿分40分)第一節(滿分15分)假定你是李華，你校正在為英語文學閱讀室設計標識，現向學生征集意見。請你給負責此項工作的外教Mr.Green寫郵件，從以下標識中選擇你最喜歡的一個，并說明理由。注意：1.寫作詞數為80左右；2.可以增加適當細節，以使行文連貫；3.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。DearMr.Green,IamwritingtosharemyideasonthelogodesignforourEnglishliteraturereadingroom.Yourssincerely,

LiHua第二節(滿分25分)7閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。ThecarturnedontothefamiliarroadthatledtoGrandma'sfarm.“Jude,thissummerholidaywillbeagreatchanceforyoutostaywithyourgrandma,”Dadsaidashedrove.Everymoment,weweremovingfartherawayfromthecity,theplacew