機(jī)密★啟用前年下學(xué)期高二期末質(zhì)量檢測英語本試卷共8頁。全卷滿分分，考試時(shí)間分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在本試卷和答題卡上。橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案；回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotomorrow?A.thetext.B.Havethehiking.C.themuseum.2.WhyisDavidlearningSpanish?A.passtheexam.B.prepareforthetrip.C.makeafriend.3.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.totheboss.B.Reducetheclass.C.Changeajob.4.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Excited.B.Surprised.C.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abreakonweekends.B.Askillforkillingthetime.C.Aplanforpreparingthemeals.第二節(jié)（共小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、Ｂ、Ｃ三個(gè)選項(xiàng)第1頁/共23頁中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第、7題。6.WhatisEmily’srecenttopicinherpainting?A.Landscape.B.Sea.C.Garden.7.Whatdoesprobablydo?A.Ateacher.B.AGardener.C.Apainter.聽第7段材料，回答第8至題。8.WhatdidAnnedoovertheweekend?A.Sheshotmanyphotos.B.Shetooksomeadventure.C.Sheattendedanart9.Whatdiddiscoverinthecamerahebought?A.Anoldphoto.B.Anunknownnote.C.Anundevelopedfilm.10.Wheredidtheshopownerbuythecamera?A.Inacamerasale.B.Atanartfestival.C.Inasecondhandshop.聽第8段材料，回答第至題。Whendidtheprogramstart?A.4monthsago.B.6monthsago.C.10monthsago.12.WhatdidtheprogramA.Healthcourses.B.Sportsfacilities.C.Freemedicaltreatment.13.Whatwasakeyresultoftheprogram?A.Reducedcrimerates.B.Higherinelevels.C.Increasedmentalwellbeing.聽第9段材料，回答第至題。14.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.InChina.B.InItaly.C.IntheUS.15.WheredidLauragettheideaforherbookstore?A.Fromatrip.B.Fromherfriend.C.Fromanonlinestore.16.Howdocustomersfeelaboutthebookstore’sconcept?A.Confused.B.Unclear.C.Delighted.17.Howoftenwillthearteventbeheld?A.Everymonth.B.Everyweek.C.Everytwoweeks.第2頁/共23頁聽第段材料，回答第至題。18.Whatisthespeaker?A.Aparentingexpert.B.Atidyingconsultant.C.Achildren’sbookauthor.19.WhatsurprisedMarieKondo’sfollowers?A.HervisittoChina.B.Herchangeinfocus.C.Hernewbookaboutchildren.20.WhatisMarieKondo’semphasisinorganizingspaces?A.Makinghappychoices.B.Havingaperfectspace.C.Acquiringmorecontainers.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分分）第一節(jié)（共小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASports&Fitnessisseekingvolunteercoachesforyouthsoccerleaguesandthetrack&fieldprogram.Basicknowledgeofsoccerandrunningisrequired.Applicantsmustberesponsible,trustworthy,andwillingtoputforthagoodSpecificeducationalbackgroundsorpriorexperienceisnotamust.Andphysicalconditionshouldbesufficienttoengageinsoccerrelatedactivities,butexcellentathleticismisnotnecessary.Pleasedownload,pleteandsubmitthefollowingto.Ifyouhavequestions,contactErinviaemailorphoneat4254524627.★Application:pleaseincludethenameoftheleagueorprogramforwhichyouwouldliketovolunteer.★BackgroundChecks:pleaseincludethefollowinginformationinyourapplicationemailsowecanrunabackgroundcheckthroughEmployersChoiceScreening.fullcellphoneemailaddress/Awaiverofliability(免責(zé)聲明))PS:Iftheapplicantisunder18,aparentmustsignonyourwaiverofliability.★Applicationpaperworkisprocessed.★Applicantsselectedwillbeinformedviaemailfollowingaclearedbackgroundcheck.★Selectedapplicantswillreceiveonsitetraining.第3頁/共23頁1.WhatfeaturesofapplicantsdoesSports&Fitnessfindvaluable?A.Richcoachingexperience.B.Majoringinsports.C.Astrongsenseofresponsibility.D.Excellentphysicalfitness.2.Whatmustapplicantsprovideintheirapplication?A.Thecontactinformation.B.Thecoachingcertification.C.Aletterofremendation.D.Awaiverofliabilitysignedbyaparent.3.Howcanapplicantslearnaboutthelatestapplicationresult?A.Bycontactingtheclub.B.Bycheckingtheiremail.C.Byphoningat4254524627.D.Byvisiting.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】Sports&Fitness招募青年足球聯(lián)賽和田徑項(xiàng)目志愿者教練的信息。【1題詳解】DesiredQualifications部分中“Applicantsmustberesponsible,trustworthy,andwillingtoputforthagood()”可知，該組織看重申請人是否有強(qiáng)烈的責(zé)任感。故選C項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Application部分中“★BackgroundChecks:pleaseincludethefollowinginformationinyourapplicationemailsowecanrunabackgroundcheckthroughEmployersChoiceScreening.fullcellphoneemailaddress/Awaiverofliability(免責(zé)聲明))(信息，以便我們通過雇主選擇篩選進(jìn)行背景調(diào)查。(你的全名/你的號碼/你的電子郵件地址/免責(zé)聲明))”可知，申請人必須提供聯(lián)系方式。故選A項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SelectionProcedures部分中“★Applicantsselectedwillbeinformedviaemailfollowingaclearedbackgroundcheck.()以通過查看他們的電子郵件了解最新的申請結(jié)果。故選B項(xiàng)。BNearlyadecadeago,ayounggirlinKerala,aruralareainIndia,wasfascinatedbytheworldofmotorsports.Theexcitementofspeedandtheprecisionofcontrollightedadreamthatwouldsoonmakehistory.Thatgirl,Salva第4頁/共23頁Marjan,transformedherfascinationintoalifelongambition.Salva’sjourneyintotheworldofformularacingbeganwithFormulaLGB,apopularentrylevelracingseries.HerdriveandmitmentquicklyqualifiedherfortheF4IndianChampionshipin2023,whereshemadehermarkwithanimpressiveperformance.Thatsameyear,shealsopetedintheF4UAEChampionship.Recognizingtheneedforadvancedtrainingandgreateropportunities,SalvarecentlymovedtotheUnitedArabEmirates.Here,sheisperfectingherskillsandworkinghardforhernextbigchallenge:theFormula1Academy.Salva’spathtosuccesshasbeenanythingbutsmooth.ThehighcostsassociatedwithF4trainingposedasignificantbarrier.Whileherfamilyremainedsupportive,theyfacedcriticismfromothersintheirmunity.Societalnormsresultedinpeoplegivingunwantedadviceonhowgirlsshouldactandavoidrisks.However,Salva’sparentsneverhesitatetostandbyher.“Theywerelecturedonhowtobringupgirlsandhowgirlsweresupposedtotakeupsuchrisksorbeindependent.Myparentsneverdifferentiatedbetweenusbasedonourgender.”Salvaproudlysaid.Inasporttraditionallydominatedbymen,Salvaisawareofthechallengeswomenface.Thephysicaldemandsareindeedunbearable,withthetemperatureinsidearacingcaroftenclimbingto40℃.Thebraking(剎車)pressurecanrangefrom60to100kg.Shehasexperiencedcrashesanddisappointingperformancesinsomeraces.Thereweremomentswhensheconsideredgivingup,butherpassionforracingalwayspulledherback.SalvaMarjanisthebrandambassador(大使)forNextLevelRacing,abrandthatpartiallysponsorshertrainingexpenses.Salva’sultimategoalistorepresentIndiainFormula1,inspiringthenextgenerationofwomenracers.4.WhatpushedSalvatosettleintheUAE?A.Herhopeofqualificationforsportscars.B.HerdesiretodowellintheF1Academy.C.HerexpectationofadvertisingFormulaLGB.D.Herwishtowatchanimpressiveperformance.5.WhatcanbeinferredaboutSalva’sparentsinParagraph3?A.They’rebrave.B.They’rediscouraged.C.They’reworried.D.They’rehesitant.6.WhatlessoncanwelearnfromSalva’sstory?A.begunishalfdone.B.It’snevertoolatetolearn.C.Hewholaughslastlaughslongest.D.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.第5頁/共23頁7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheFutureofFormulaRacingAmongB.ThePowerofPassioninChallengingSportingEventsC.FromKeralatoFormula1:SalvaMarjan’sInspiringJourneyD.FromDreamstoReality:SalvaMarjanintheF4Championship【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C【解析】SalvaMarjan車夢想的故事。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的句子“Recognizingtheneedforadvancedtrainingandgreateropportunities,SalvarecentlymovedtotheUnitedArabEmirates.Here,sheisperfectingherskillsandworkinghardforhernextbigchallenge:theFormula1Academy.(認(rèn)識到需要高級培訓(xùn)和更多機(jī)會，Salva最近搬到了阿拉伯聯(lián)合酋長國。)Salva認(rèn)識到需Salva定居在阿聯(lián)酋是為了在一級方程式比賽表現(xiàn)出色。故選B項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】Whileherfamilyremainedsupportive,theyfacedcriticismfromothersintheirmunity.Societalnormsresultedinpeoplegivingunwantedadviceonhowgirlsshouldactandavoidrisks.However,Salva’sparentsneverhesitatetostandbyher.“Theywerelecturedonhowtobringupgirlsandhowgirlsweresupposedtotakeupsuchrisksorbeindependent.Myparentsneverdifferentiatedbetweenusbasedonourgender.”Salvaproudlysaid.(雖然她的家人仍然支持她，但他們面臨著社區(qū)其他人的批評。社會規(guī)范導(dǎo)致人們對女孩應(yīng)該如何行事和避免風(fēng)險(xiǎn)給出不必要的建議。然而，SalvaSalva)Salva堅(jiān)持支持女兒。故選A項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的句子“Salva’spathtosuccesshasbeenanythingbutsmooth.ThehighcostsassociatedwithF4trainingposedasignificantbarrier.Whileherfamilyremainedsupportive,theyfacedcriticism第6頁/共23頁fromothersintheirmunity.Societalnormsresultedinpeoplegivingunwantedadviceonhowgirlsshouldactandavoidrisks.(SalvaF4人仍然支持她，但他們面臨著社區(qū)其他人的批評。社會規(guī)范導(dǎo)致人們對女孩應(yīng)該如何行事和避免風(fēng)險(xiǎn)給出不必要的建議)”和第四段的句子“Inasporttraditionallydominatedbymen,Salvaisawareofthechallengeswomenface.Thephysicaldemandsareindeedunbearable,withthetemperatureinsidearacingcaroftenclimbingto40℃.Thebraking(剎車)pressurecanrangefrom60to100kg.Shehasexperiencedcrashesanddisappointingperformancesinsomeraces.Thereweremomentswhensheconsideredgivingup,butherpassionforracingalwayspulledherback.(在一項(xiàng)傳統(tǒng)上由男性主導(dǎo)的運(yùn)動中，Salva意識到女性面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。賽車對身體的要40℃60到100經(jīng)歷了撞車和令人失望的表現(xiàn)。她曾經(jīng)考慮過放棄，但她對賽車的熱情總是把她拉回來。)”可知，Salva克服經(jīng)濟(jì)困難、社會偏見和生理挑戰(zhàn)，最終接近夢想，體現(xiàn)了“有志者事竟成”的精神。故選D項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】SalvaF1C“FromKeralatoFormula1:SalvaMarjan’sInspiringJourney(從喀拉拉邦到一級方程式：SalvaMarjan的鼓舞人心的旅程)”既涵蓋起點(diǎn)與目標(biāo)，又突出“激勵(lì)”主題，最貼切。故選C項(xiàng)。CIfyouareaperfectionist,youareprobablyfamiliarwiththefeelingofwantingtogeteverythingjustright.maybeinvolvedinhandinginpapers,overthinkingoverprojectsatwork,andevenworryaboutsmallerrorsfromthepast.Accordingtoresearchers,perfectionistsholdthemselvestounrealisticallyhighstandardsandbeeselfcritical(自我批判)iftheybelievetheyhaven’tmetthesestandards.Perfectionistsarealsolikelytofeelguiltandshameiftheyexperiencefailures,whichoftenleadsthemtoavoidsituationswheretheyareworriedtheymightfail.AmandaRuggeri,writingaboutperfectionismforBBCFuture,explains,“Whenperfectionistsdon’tsucceed,theydon’tjustfeeldisappointmentabouthowtheydid.Theyfeelshameaboutwhotheyare.”Althoughmanypeopleseethepursuit(追求)ofexcellenceasagoodthing,researchershavefoundthattothecertaindegree,perfectionismisactuallylinkedtolowermentalhealth.Inonestudy,researchersanalyzedhowperfectionismwasrelatedtomentalhealthacrosspreviousstudies.Theylookedatatotalof284studiesandfoundthatperfectionismwasassociatedwithdepression,anxietyandeatingdisorders.Theyalsofoundthatpeoplehigherinperfectionismalsoreportedhigherlevelsofoverallpsychologicaldistress.Isperfectionismalwaysharmful?Psychologistshavedebatedthispoint,withsomesuggestingthattherecanbesuchathingasadaptiveperfectionism,inwhichpeopleholdthemselvestohighstandardswithoutinvolvingin第7頁/共23頁selfcriticismovermistakestheymake.Someresearchershavesuggestedthatahealthierformofperfectionisminvolvespursuinggoalsbecauseyouwantto,andnotblamingyourselfifyoufailtomeetagoal.However,otherresearcherssuggestthatperfectionismisnotadaptive:accordingtotheseresearchers,perfectionismismorethanjustholdingyourselftohighstandards,andtheydon’tthinkperfectionismisbeneficial.Sinceperfectionismisassociatedwithnegativeoutes,whatcansomeonewithperfectionisttendenciesdotochangetheirbehavior?Althoughpeoplearesometimeshesitanttogiveuptheirperfectionisttendencies,psychologistspointoutthatgivinguponperfectiondoesn’tmeanbeinglesssuccessful.Infact,becausemistakesareanimportantpartoflearningandgrowing,embracingimperfectioncanactuallyhelpusinthelongrun.8.Whatisamonstruggleforperfectionists?A.Theyalwaysletgoofpastmistakes.B.Theyrarelyexperiencefeelingsofshame.C.Theyoftenfeelshamewhenhavingfailures.D.Theyhaveagoodtimeenjoyingtheirsuccess.9.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thedefinitionofperfectionism.B.Thepurposeoftheresearch.C.Theprocessofthestudy.D.Theharmofperfectionism.10.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?A.Allpsychologistsagreethatperfectionismisbeneficial.B.Psychologistsagreethatperfectionismisalwaysharmful.C.Somepsychologiststhinkthere’saharmlesstypeofperfectionism.D.Thedebateaboutperfectionismcanbepletelyremoved.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofperfectionism?A.Objective.B.Unclear.C.Doubtful.D.Unrealistic.【答案】8.C9.D10.CA【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了完美主義者的表現(xiàn)、完美主義對心理健康的危害，心理學(xué)家對此的不同觀點(diǎn)，以及應(yīng)對完美主義傾向的建議。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Perfectionistsarealsolikelytofeelguiltandshameiftheyexperiencefailures,whichoftenleadsthemtoavoidsituationswheretheyareworriedtheymightfail.(如果完美主義者經(jīng)歷失敗，他第8頁/共23頁們也很可能會感到內(nèi)疚和羞愧，這常常導(dǎo)致他們避免那些他們擔(dān)心自己可能會失敗的情況)”可知，完美主義者在失敗時(shí)經(jīng)常會感到羞愧。故選C項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“Althoughmanypeopleseethepursuit(追求)ofexcellenceasagoodthing,researchershavefoundthattothecertaindegree,perfectionismisactuallylinkedtolowermentalhealth.(雖然很多人認(rèn)為追求卓越是一件好事，但研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，在一定程度上，完美主義實(shí)際上與較低的心理健康水平有關(guān))”以及后文列舉的完美主義與抑郁、焦慮和飲食失調(diào)等的關(guān)聯(lián)可知，第二段主要講了完美主義的危害。故選D項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Isperfectionismalwaysharmful?Psychologistshavedebatedthispoint,withsomesuggestingthattherecanbesuchathingasadaptiveperfectionism,inwhichpeopleholdthemselvestohighstandardswithoutinvolvinginselfcriticismovermistakestheymake.Someresearchershavesuggestedthatahealthierformofperfectionisminvolvespursuinggoalsbecauseyouwantto,andnotblamingyourselfifyoufailtomeetagoal.(完美主義總是有害的嗎？心理學(xué)家對這一點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了爭論，一些人認(rèn)為可能存在適應(yīng)性完美主義，即人們對自己要求很高，但不會對自己犯的錯(cuò)誤進(jìn)行自我批評。一些研究人員認(rèn)為，更健康的完美主義形式包括追求目標(biāo)，因?yàn)槟阆胍@樣做，如果你沒有達(dá)到目標(biāo)，也不要責(zé)怪自己)”可知，一些心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為存在一種更健康的完美主義形式，即追求目標(biāo)，但如果沒有達(dá)到目標(biāo)，也不責(zé)怪自己。由此推知，一些心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為有一種無害的完美主義。故選C項(xiàng)。【題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Althoughmanypeopleseethepursuit(追求)ofexcellenceasagoodthing,researchershavefoundthattothecertaindegree,perfectionismisactuallylinkedtolowermentalhealth.(雖然很多人認(rèn)為追求卓越是一件好事，但研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，在一定程度上，完美主義實(shí)際上與較低的心理健康水平有關(guān))”可知，作者指出了完美主義的危害；根據(jù)第三段中“Psychologistshavedebatedthispoint,withsomesuggestingthattherecanbesuchathingasadaptiveperfectionism,inwhichpeopleholdthemselvestohighstandardswithoutinvolvinginselfcriticismovermistakestheymake.(為存在適應(yīng)性完美主義，即人們對自己要求很高，但不會因自己犯的錯(cuò)誤而進(jìn)行自我批判)”可知，作者也提到了可能存在無害的完美主義類型；又根據(jù)最后一段中“Althoughpeoplearesometimeshesitanttogiveuptheirperfectionisttendencies,psychologistspointoutthatgivinguponperfectiondoesn’tmeanbeinglesssuccessful.(么成功)”可知，作者指出放棄完美并不意味著不那么成功。作者對完美主義者的介紹整體保持中立立場，第9頁/共23頁沒有帶入個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，由此可推知，作者對完美主義的看法是客觀的。故選A項(xiàng)。DHuntergathererchildrenintheCongoBasinhaveoftenlearnedhowtohunt,identifyeatableplantsandcareforbabiesbytheageofsixorseven.Thisrapidlearningisshapedbyauniquesocialenvironmentwhereculturalknowledgeispasseddownnotjustfromparentsbutfromabroadermunity,accordingtoanewStateUniversityledstudy.TheresearchhelpsexplainhowmanyculturalfeatureshavebeenpreservedforthousandsofyearsamonghuntergatherergroupsacrossawiderangeofnaturalenvironmentsinAfrica.focusonhuntergatherersbecausethiswayoflifecharacterized99%ofhumanhistory,”saidBarryHewlett,aprofessorofanthropologyatWSUandleadauthorofthestudy.“Ourbodiesandmindsareadaptedtothisintimate(親密的),smallgroupliving.Byexamininghowchildreninthesesocietieslearn,weintendtouncoverthemechanismsthathaveallowedhumanstoadapttodiverseenvironmentsacrosstheglobe.”Forthestudy,Hewlettandcolleaguesexamineninedifferentmodesofculturaltransmission(傳遞)inhuntergatherersocieties.Theiranalysisrevealsthatmembersrelatedtoachild’sextendedfamilyhavelikelyplayedagreaterroleintransmittingknowledgetochildrenthanpreviouslythought.Additionally,thestudyshowsabouthalfoftheculturalknowledgehuntergathererchildrenandadolescentsacquireesfrompeopletheyarenotrelatedto.Thiscontrastswithpreviousstudiesonthetopicthathavemoreheavilyemphasizedtheknowledgeofparenttochildtransmission.Thebroadinformallearningnetworkinhuntergatherersocietiesismadepossiblebyintimatelivingconditions.Smallcamps,usuallyconsistingof2535individualslivinginhomesafewfeetfromeachother,createanenvironmentwherechildrencanobserveandinteractwithawiderangeofpeople.Thisallowsthemtolearnessentialskills,includingcaringforinfantsandcookingaswellashuntingandgathering.Movingforward,Hewletthopesthatthisresearchadeeperunderstandingofthenatureofsociallearninginhumansandhowculturesingeneralareconservedandchangeovertime.12.WhatistheaimofProfessorHewlett’sstudy?A.advocatetheintimategroupliving.B.revealhowhumansadaptedtodiversity.C.showtheimportanceofparentchildbond.D.explorelivingconditionsofhuntergatherers.13.Whatdopreviousstudieslayemphasisonaboutchildren’sknowledge?A.Knowledgefromtheirparents.B.Knowledgefrommunitymembers.第10頁/共23頁C.Knowledgefromhandsonpractice.D.Knowledgefromchildren’sdistantrelatives.14.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheatmosphereofhuntergatherersocietymunities?A.Coldandtense.B.Livelyandenergetic.C.Calmandrelaxed.D.Closeandinteractive.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Whatshapedhumandiversity?B.Whatledtoculturaltransmission?C.Howhuntergatherersocietiesdeveloped?D.Howchildrenlearnedfor99%ofhumanhistory?【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了華盛頓州立大學(xué)主導(dǎo)的一項(xiàng)研究，探討狩獵采集社會中兒童的學(xué)習(xí)方式，以及文化知識的傳遞機(jī)制。【12題詳解】Hewlett教授的話“Byexamininghowchildreninthesesocietieslearn,weintendtouncoverthemechanismsthathaveallowedhumanstoadapttodiverseenvironmentsacrosstheglobe.(通過研究這)”可知，Hewlett教授的研究目的是揭示人類如何適應(yīng)全球不同環(huán)境的機(jī)制，即人類是如何適應(yīng)全球不同環(huán)境的。故選B項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】Thiscontrastswithpreviousstudiesonthetopicthathavemoreheavilyemphasizedtheknowledgeofparenttochildtransmission.(這與之前關(guān)于該主題的研究形成對比，之前的研究更強(qiáng)調(diào)親子之間的知識傳遞)A項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thebroadinformallearningnetworkinhuntergatherersocietiesismadepossiblebyintimatelivingconditions.Smallcamps,usuallyconsistingof2535individualslivinginhomesafewfeetfromeachother,createanenvironmentwherechildrencanobserveandinteractwithawiderangeofpeople.(在狩獵采集社會中，親密的生活條件使廣泛的非正式學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)成為可能。小營地通常由25到35個(gè)人組成，他們的住所彼此相距只有幾英尺，這樣的環(huán)境讓孩子們可以觀察并與各種各樣的人互動)”可知，在狩獵采集社會社區(qū)里，人們距離很近，孩子們可以觀察并與各種各樣的人互動。由此可知，其氛圍是親密且互動性強(qiáng)的。故選D項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“HuntergathererchildrenintheCongoBasinhaveoftenlearnedhowto第11頁/共23頁hunt,identifyeatableplantsandcareforbabiesbytheageofsixorseven.(剛果盆地的狩獵采集社會的兒童通常)focusonhuntergatherersbecausethiswayoflifecharacterized99%ofhumanhistory(類歷史的99%)”、第三段中“Forthestudy,Hewlettandcolleaguesexamineninedifferentmodesofculturaltransmission(傳遞)inhuntergatherersocieties.(在這項(xiàng)研究中，Hewlett和同事們研究了狩獵采集社會中九種不同的文化傳播模式)”和最后一段“Movingforward,Hewletthopesthatthisresearchadeeperunderstandingofthenatureofsociallearninginhumansandhowculturesingeneralareconservedandchangeovertime.(展望未來，Hewlett的推移而保存和變化的)”可知，狩獵采集社會占據(jù)了人類歷史時(shí)長的99%，文章介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于狩獵采集D項(xiàng)“Howchildrenlearnedfor99%ofhumanhistory?(在人類歷史99%的時(shí)間里孩子們是如何學(xué)習(xí)的？)”能概括文章內(nèi)容，最適合做文章標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）Lifeisbusy.alwaysexpectedtobeproductiveandengaged,whetherthat’swithparenting,householdchores,orwork.Whiletakingtimeforsmallrewardscanfeellikealuxury(奢侈),thetruthisthatitisessentialforimprovingourmentalhealth.___16___Itinvolvesstrategicplanning.Here’showtouseiteffectivelyindailylife.Identifymeaningfulrewards.___17___Soyouaresuretochoosetreatsthattrulymakeyouhappyandcontributepositivelytoyoursenseofwellbeing.Thiscouldbeenjoyingacupofyourfavoritespendingtimeonahobbyyoulove,ortakingabriefwalkoutdoors.Bychoosingrewardsthatmatchyourpreferences,youcanenhanceyoursatisfactionandmotivationindailylife.___18___MakesureyourtreatsdependonpletingparticulartasksorreachingcertaingoalsHavingadirectlinkbetweenthegoalortaskandthetreatgivesyoumoresupporttoengageinthebehavioryou’reaimingtoachieve.Thisconnectionhelpsstrengthenpositivehabitsandmotivatesprogress.Practicemoderation(適度).Itwouldbenicetorewardyourselfforeverythingyoudo.___19___Ifyourewardyourselftoooften,itbeesanexpectationratherthanatreat.Additionally,rewardsshouldn’tleadtostress,likeoverspendingonthingsthatburdenyourbudget.Ensureyourrewardsaretrulybeneficial.amomenttoreflectonwhatyou’veachieved.___20___Ifnecessary,adjustyourapproachtostrengthenyourgoalsortasks.Additionally,considerhowtheserewardscontributetoyourprogressandmotivation,helpingyoustayontracktowardyourgoals.第12頁/共23頁A.littlemotivationalrewards.B.Notallrewardsarecreatedequal.C.rewardstospecificachievements.D.Giveyourselfrewardimmediatelyyoufinishyourwork.E.Andevaluatewhetheryourrewardsaretrulyhelpingyou.F.However,it’smoreeffectivetotreatyourselfoccasionally.G.Rewardingyourselfismorethanjustenjoyingrandomtreats.【答案】16G17.B18.C19.F20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了在忙碌生活中給自己獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)對改善心理健康很重要，并闡述了有效運(yùn)用獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)機(jī)制的方法。【16題詳解】上文“Whiletakingtimeforsmallrewardscanfeellikealuxury(奢侈),thetruthisthatitisessentialforimprovingourmentalhealth.(雖然花時(shí)間進(jìn)行小小獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)感覺像是一種奢侈，但事實(shí)是，這對改善我們的心理健康至關(guān)重要)”提出獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)自己對改善我們的心理健康至關(guān)重要，下文“Itinvolvesstrategicplanning.Here’showtouseiteffectivelyindailylife.(它涉及策略規(guī)劃。以下是如何在日常生活中有效運(yùn)用它的方法)”說明給獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)自己并非隨意為之，G選項(xiàng)“Rewardingyourselfismorethanjustenjoyingrandomtreats.(給自己獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)不僅僅是隨意享受美食)”承上啟下，說明獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)自己不能隨意為之，需要策略規(guī)劃，由上文的話題引出下文關(guān)于獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)需要規(guī)劃和有效運(yùn)用的內(nèi)容，上下文邏輯連貫。故選G項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】下文“Soyouaresuretochoosetreatsthattrulymakeyouhappyandcontributepositivelytoyoursenseofwellbeing.(這樣你一定要選擇那些真正讓你開心并對你的幸福感有積極貢獻(xiàn)的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))”強(qiáng)調(diào)要選擇真正讓你開心并對你的幸福感有積極貢獻(xiàn)的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，B選項(xiàng)“Notallrewardsarecreatedequal.(并非所有的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)都是一樣的)”表明獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)存在差異，與下文強(qiáng)調(diào)要選擇真正有益的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。故選B項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】下文“Makesureyourtreatsdependonpletingparticulartasksorreachingcertaingoals.(確保你的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)取決于完成特定的任務(wù)或達(dá)到特定的目標(biāo))”強(qiáng)調(diào)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)與特定成就的關(guān)聯(lián)，C選項(xiàng)“rewardstospecificachievements.(將獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)與特定的成就聯(lián)系起來)”與下文內(nèi)容一致，點(diǎn)明了該段落的主旨，適合作段首主題句。故選C項(xiàng)。第13頁/共23頁【19題詳解】上文“Itwouldbenicetorewardyourselfforeverythingyoudo.(為你所做的每件事都獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)自己會很不錯(cuò))”和下文“Ifyourewardyourselftoooften,itbeesanexpectationratherthanatreat.(如果你太頻繁地獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)自己，它就會變成一種期望而不是一種獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))”形成對比，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“However,it’smoreeffectivetotreatyourselfoccasionally.(然而，偶爾犒勞自己會更有效)”起到轉(zhuǎn)折作用，引出下文關(guān)于過度獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的弊端。故選F項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】段首主題句“Ensureyourrewardsaretrulybeneficial.(確保你的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)是真正有益的)”建議確保獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)有益，E選項(xiàng)“Andevaluatewhetheryourrewardsaretrulyhelpingyou.(并評估你的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)是否真的對你有幫助)”與本段主題一致，提出評估獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)是否有幫助，同時(shí)引出下文“Ifnecessary,adjustyourapproachtostrengthenyourgoalsortasks.(如果有必要，調(diào)整你的方法來強(qiáng)化你的目標(biāo)或任務(wù))”的調(diào)整建議，上下文邏輯連貫。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分分）第一節(jié)（共小題；每小題1分，滿分分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。MyEnglisheducationinschoolwaslimitedtojusttwohoursaweek—hardlyenoughtocoverthebasics.Myfirstconversationwithanativespeaker—aborderatPearsonairport—wasa(n)___21___.Hespokefast,andIstruggledto___22___withhim.IhadtouseGooglejusttomakeitthrough.Then,Ifoundworkinafastfoodrestaurant,butmyEnglishwasstillso___23___thatIcouldonlyaskbasicquestions,likehowmanyhoursI’dworkorwhatI’dget___24___.Afteramonth,mybosssuddenlytoldmeIwasnolongerneeded,thenpaidmeforonlyhalfthetimeI’dworked.Ididn’tknowhowto___25___myselfinEnglish.Everything___26___whenmyfriendssuggestedIuseChatGPTforquestionsandtranslations.Iquicklyrealizedthatitmoreaccurate___27___thanGoogle.SoonIwasusingittoadjustmy___28___,pickuprelatedvocabularyandexpressmyideasmore___29___.Ievenlearnedtoformresponsestotrickyquestions.Myvocabulary____30____,andIbecamemorenaturalinEnglish.Ofcourse,ChatGPThaditsshortings.Sometimesthesuggestionswere(生硬的)ordidn’t____31____likesomethingIwouldsay,soIediteditsresponsestomakethemsoundmorenaturaltoo.ChatGPThasalsobeemygotoforbridgingthe____32____ofculture.Whenafriend’shusbandpassedawayrecently,ChatGPT____33____tellingmyfriendthatIwassorryforherloss.Ithelpedmeunderstandthata(n)____34____remarklikethatwouldbeenough.Mynextbiggoalistoapplyforpermanent(永久的)residency第14頁/共23頁inCanada,whichmayrequirelearningFrenchtoearnenoughpoints.It’schallengingandalotofhardwork—butIhavea____35____weapon.21.A.associationB.declineC.innovationD.disaster22.A.putupB.catchupC.makeupD.breakup23.A.limitedB.delicateC.preciseD.real24.A.trainedB.understoodC.paidD.encouraged25.A.rewardB.impressC.defendD.prove26.A.changedB.wanderedC.binedD.appeared27.A.conceptsB.recordingsC.answersD.structures28.A.ambitionB.characterC.clueD.tone29.A.rigidlyB.gentlyC.distantlyD.clearly30.A.expandedB.relievedC.approachedD.flashed31.A.adaptedB.soundedC.interpretedD.translated32.A.entranceB.blankC.gapD.generation33.A.avoidedB.suggestedC.enjoyedD.imagined34.A.simpleB.extremeC.horribleD.familiar35.A.nobleB.romanticC.traditionalD.secret【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.C26.A27.C28.D29.D30.A31.B32.C33.B34.A35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者英語水平有限，交流困難，后在朋友建議下使用ChatGPT，英語能力提升，還借助它跨越文化差異。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我第一次和以英語為母語的人交談——皮爾遜機(jī)場的一名邊防官員——簡直是一場災(zāi)難。A.association協(xié)會，聯(lián)系；B.decline下降，衰退；C.innovation創(chuàng)新；D.disaster災(zāi)難。根據(jù)后文“IhadtouseGooglejusttomakeitthrough.D項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他說得很快，我很難跟上他。A.putup張貼，搭建；B.catchup跟上；C.makeupD.breakupHespokefast故選B項(xiàng)。第15頁/共23頁【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，我在一家快餐店找到了工作，但我的英語仍然非常有限，我只能問一A.limitedB.delicate的；C.preciseD.realMyEnglisheducationinschoolwaslimitedtojusttwohoursaweekhardlyenoughtocoverthebasics.”和“Icouldonlyaskbasicquestions有限。故選A項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，我在一家快餐店找到了工作，但我的英語仍然非常有限，我只能問一些基本的問題，比如我要工作多少小時(shí)或者我能得到多少報(bào)酬。A.trained訓(xùn)練；B.understood理解；C.paid支付；D.encouragedfoundworkinafastfoodrestaurant”和“howmanyhoursI’dwork”可知，與工作相關(guān)會涉及工作時(shí)間和報(bào)酬問題。故選C項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我不知道如何用英語捍衛(wèi)自己的權(quán)益。A.reward獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；B.impress使印象深刻；C.defend捍衛(wèi)，保護(hù)；D.prove證明。