2020年11月全國翻譯專業(yè)資格（水平）英語二級筆譯實務試題真題及答案[問答題]1.Passage1Theworldisatasocial,environmentalandeconomic（江南博哥）tippingpoint.Subduedgrowth,risinginequalitiesandacceleratingclimatechangeprovidethecontextforabacklashagainstcapitalism,globalization,technology,andelites.Thereisgridlockintheinternationalgovernancesystemandescalatingtradeandgeopoliticaltensionsarefuelinguncertainty.Thisholdsbackinvestmentandincreasestheriskofsupplyshocks:disruptionstoglobalsupplychains,suddenpricespikesorinterruptionsintheavailabilityofkeyresources.Persistentweaknessesinthedriversofproductivitygrowthareamongtheprincipalculprits.Inadvanced,emerginganddevelopingeconomies,productivitygrowthstartedslowingin2000anddeceleratedfurtherafterthecrisis.Between2011and2016,“totalfactorproductivitygrowth”—orthecombinedgrowthofinputs,likeresourcesandlabour,andoutputs—grewby0.3percentinadvancedeconomiesand1.3percentinemerginganddevelopingeconomies.Thefinancialcrisisaddedtothisdeceleration.Investmentsareunderminedbyuncertainty,lowdemandandtightercreditconditions.Manyofthestructuralreformsdesignedtoreviveproductivitythatwerepromisedbypolicy-makersdidnotmaterialize.GovernmentsmustbetteranticipatetheunintendedconsequencesoftechnologicalintegrationandimplementcomplementarysocialpoliciesthatsupportpopulationsthroughtheFourIndustrialRevolution.Economieswithstronginnovationcapabilitymustimprovetheirtalentbaseandthefunctioningoftheirlabormarkets.Adaptioniscritical.Weneedawell-functioninglabourmarketthatprotectsworkers,notjobs.Advancedeconomiesneedtodeveloptheirskillsbaseandtacklerigiditiesintheirlabourmarkets.Asinnovationcapacitygrows,emergingeconomiesneedtostrengthentheirskillsandlabourmarkettominimizetherisksofnegativesocialspillovers.Sustainableeconomicgrowthremainsthesurestrouteoutofpovertyandacoredriverofhumandevelopment.Forthepastdecade,growthhasbeenweakandremainsbelowpotentialinmostdevelopingcountries,seriouslyhamperingprogressonseveraloftheUN’s2030sustainabledevelopmentGoals(SDGs).TheworldisnotontracktomeetanyoftheSDGS.Leastdevelopedcountrieshavemissedthetargetof7percentgrowtheveryyearsince2015.Extremepovertyreductionisdecelerating.3.4billionpeople—or46percentoftheworld’spopulation—livedonlessthanUS$5,50adayandstruggledtomeetbasicneeds.Afteryearsofsteadydecline,hungerhasincreasedandnowaffects826millionupfrom784millionin2015.Atotalof20percentofAfricanspopulationisundernourished.The“zerohunger”targetwillalmostcertainlybemissed.正確答案：詳見解析參考解析：【參考譯文】Theworldisatasocial,environmentalandeconomictippingpoint.Subduedgrowth,risinginequalitiesandacceleratingclimatechangeprovidethecontextforabacklashagainstcapitalism,globalization,technology,andelites.Thereisgridlockintheinternationalgovernancesystemandescalatingtradeandgeopoliticaltensionsarefuelinguncertainty.Thisholdsbackinvestmentandincreasestheriskofsupplyshocks:disruptionstoglobalsupplychains,suddenpricespikesorinterruptionsintheavailabilityofkeyresources.世界正處于社會、環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟的臨界點。經(jīng)濟增長乏力、不平等現(xiàn)象日益加劇，氣候變化加速，為反對資本主義、全球化、技術進步和精英主義提供了背景。國際治理體系出現(xiàn)僵局，而貿(mào)易摩擦不斷升級，地緣政治局勢愈加緊張，這些都在加劇世界的不穩(wěn)定性。這種情況阻礙了投資，加大了供給沖擊的風險：全球供應鏈中斷、價格突然飆升或關鍵資源供應中斷。Persistentweaknessesinthedriversofproductivitygrowthareamongtheprincipalculprits.Inadvanced,emerginganddevelopingeconomies,productivitygrowthstartedslowingin2000anddeceleratedfurtherafterthecrisis.Between2011and2016,“totalfactorproductivitygrowth”—orthecombinedgrowthofinputs,likeresourcesandlabour,andoutputs—grewby0.3percentinadvancedeconomiesand1.3percentinemerginganddevelopingeconomies.生產(chǎn)率增長驅動力的持續(xù)疲軟是主要原因之一。在發(fā)達經(jīng)濟體、新興經(jīng)濟體和發(fā)展中經(jīng)濟體中，生產(chǎn)率增長從2000年開始放緩，并在危機后進一步放緩。2011年至2016年間，“全要素生產(chǎn)率增長”——即資源、勞動力等投入和產(chǎn)出的綜合增長——在發(fā)達經(jīng)濟體中增長了0.3%，在新興經(jīng)濟體和發(fā)展中經(jīng)濟體中增長了1.3%。Thefinancialcrisisaddedtothisdeceleration.Investmentsareunderminedbyuncertainty,lowdemandandtightercreditconditions.Manyofthestructuralreformsdesignedtoreviveproductivitythatwerepromisedbypolicy-makersdidnotmaterialize.金融危機加劇了這種減速。投資受到不確定性、需求低迷以及信貸收緊的影響。政策制定者承諾的許多旨在重振生產(chǎn)率的結構性改革并沒有實現(xiàn)。GovernmentsmustbetteranticipatetheunintendedconsequencesoftechnologicalintegrationandimplementcomplementarysocialpoliciesthatsupportpopulationsthroughtheFourIndustrialRevolution.Economieswithstronginnovationcapabilitymustimprovetheirtalentbaseandthefunctioningoftheirlabormarkets.各國政府必須更好地預測技術融合帶來的意外后果，并實施輔助性的社會政策，支持人們度過第四次工業(yè)革命。創(chuàng)新能力強的經(jīng)濟體必須改善其人才基礎以及勞動力市場的運作。Adaptioniscritical.Weneedawell-functioninglabourmarketthatprotectsworkers,notjobs.Advancedeconomiesneedtodeveloptheirskillsbaseandtacklerigiditiesintheirlabourmarkets.Asinnovationcapacitygrows,emergingeconomiesneedtostrengthentheirskillsandlabourmarkettominimizetherisksofnegativesocialspillovers.適應能力至關重要。我們需要一個運轉良好的勞動力市場來保護工人，而不是工作崗位。發(fā)達經(jīng)濟體需要發(fā)展其技能基礎，解決勞動力市場的僵化問題。隨著創(chuàng)新能力的增長，新興經(jīng)濟體需要加強其技能和勞動力市場，以將負面社會溢出的風險降至最低。Sustainableeconomicgrowthremainsthesurestrouteoutofpovertyandacoredriverofhumandevelopment.Forthepastdecade,growthhasbeenweakandremainsbelowpotentialinmostdevelopingcountries,seriouslyhamperingprogressonseveraloftheUN’s2030sustainabledevelopmentGoals(SDGs).可持續(xù)經(jīng)濟增長仍然是擺脫貧困的最可靠途徑，也是人類發(fā)展的核心驅動力。在過去十年中，大多數(shù)發(fā)展中國家增長乏力，仍低于潛力，這嚴重阻礙了聯(lián)合國2030年可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標中的若干子目標的進展。TheworldisnotontracktomeetanyoftheSDGS.Leastdevelopedcountrieshavemissedthetargetof7percentgrowtheveryyearsince2015.Extremepovertyreductionisdecelerating.3.4billionpeople—or46percentoftheworld’spopulation—livedonlessthanUS$5,50adayandstruggledtomeetbasicneeds.Afteryearsofsteadydecline,hungerhasincreasedandnowaffects826millionupfrom784millionin2015.Atotalof20percentofAfricanspopulationisundernourished.The“zerohunger”targetwillalmostcertainlybemissed.世界還沒有走上迎接任何一個可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標的軌道。自2015年以來，最不發(fā)達國家未能實現(xiàn)每年7%的經(jīng)濟增長目標。極端貧困的減少速度正在放緩。34億人——占世界人口的46%——每天的生活費不到5.50美元，難以滿足基本需求。數(shù)年來經(jīng)濟增速穩(wěn)步下降，饑餓人數(shù)有所增加，目前已從2015年的7.84億增加到8.26億。非洲總共有20%的人口營養(yǎng)不良。幾乎可以肯定的是，“零饑餓”目標將無法實現(xiàn)。解析（1）Subduedgrowth,risinginequalitiesandacceleratingclimatechangeprovidethecontextforabacklashagainstcapitalism,globalization,technology,andelites.經(jīng)濟增長乏力、不平等現(xiàn)象日益加劇，氣候變化加速，為反對資本主義、全球化、技術進步和精英主義提供了背景。[分析]選詞用詞采分點。譯文可將原文偏正短語“subduedgrowth,risinginequalitiesandacceleratingclimate”中帶動詞意味的形容詞動詞化。（2）Thisholdsbackinvestmentandincreasestheriskofsupplyshocks:disruptionstoglobalsupplychains,suddenpricespikesorinterruptionsintheavailabilityofkeyresources.這種情況阻礙了投資，加大了供給沖擊的風險：全球供應鏈中斷、價格突然飆升或關鍵資源供應中斷。[分析]選詞用詞采分點。譯文可將原文名詞短語“disruptionstoglobalsupplychains,suddenpricespikesorinterruptionsintheavailabilityofkeyresources”中帶有動詞意味的抽象名詞動詞化。（3）Inadvanced,emerginganddevelopingeconomies,productivitygrowthstartedslowingin2000anddeceleratedfurtherafterthecrisis.在發(fā)達經(jīng)濟體、新興經(jīng)濟體和發(fā)展中經(jīng)濟體中，生產(chǎn)率增長從2000年開始放緩，并在危機后進一步放緩。[分析]基本素質(zhì)采分點。advancedeconomies“發(fā)達經(jīng)濟體”，emergingeconomies“新興經(jīng)濟體”和developingeconomies“發(fā)展中經(jīng)濟體”都是常用時事詞匯。（4）Forthepastdecade,growthhasbeenweakandremainsbelowpotentialinmostdevelopingcountries,seriouslyhamperingprogressonseveraloftheUN’s2030sustainabledevelopmentGoals(SDGs).在過去十年中，大多數(shù)發(fā)展中國家增長乏力，仍低于潛力，這嚴重阻礙了聯(lián)合國2030年可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標中的若干子目標的進展。[分析]基本素質(zhì)采分點。developingcountries“發(fā)展中國家”和theUN’s2030sustainabledevelopmentGoals(SDGs)“聯(lián)合國2030年可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標”都是常用時事詞匯。（5）Afteryearsofsteadydecline,hungerhasincreasedandnowaffects826millionupfrom784millionin2015.數(shù)年來經(jīng)濟增速穩(wěn)步下降，饑餓人數(shù)有所增加，目前已從2015年的7.84億增加到8.26億。[分析]理解結構采分點和選詞用詞采分點。原文中afteryearsofsteadydecline為介詞短語作狀語，在翻譯時可譯成單獨的小句子。譯文可將原文偏正短語“steadydecline”中帶有動詞意味的名詞動詞化。[問答題]2.Passage2Inthemid-1800sacaterpillar,thesizeofahumanfinger,beganspreadingacrossthenortheasternU.S.Thisappearanceofthetomatohornwormwasfollowedbyterrifyingreportsoffatalpoisoningsandaggressivebehaviortowardspeople.InJuly1869newspapersacrosstheregionpostedwarningsabouttheinsect,reportingthatagirlhaddiedafterarun-inwiththecreature.Thatfallalocalnewspaperprintedanaccountfromadoctor.Thephysicianwarnedthatthecaterpillarwas“aspoisonousasarattlesnake”andsaidheknewofthreedeathslinkedtoitsvenom.Althoughthehornwormisavoraciouseaterthatcanstripatomatoplantinamatterofdays,itis,infact,harmlesstohumans.Entomologistshadknowntheinsecttobeinnocuousfordecades,andhisclaimswerewidelymockedbyexperts.Sowhydidtherumorspersisteventhoughthetruthwasreadilyavailable?Peoplearesociallearners.Wedevelopmostofourbeliefsfromthetestimonyoftrustedotherssuchasourteachers,parentsandfriends.Thissocialtransmissionofknowledgeisattheheartofcultureandscience.Butasthetomatohornwormstoryshowsus,ourabilityhasagapingvulnerability:sometimestheideaswespreadarewrong.Overthepastfiveyears,thewaysinwhichthesocialtransmissionofknowledgecanfailushavecomeintosharpfalls.Misinformationsharedonsocialmediahasfueledanepidemicoffalsebelief.Thesamebasicmechanismsthatspreadfearaboutthetomatohornwormhavenowintensified—and,insomecases,ledto—aprofoundpublicmistrustofbasicsocietalinstitution.“Misinformation”mayseemlikeamisnomerhere.Afterall,manyoftoday’smostdamagingfalsebeliefsareinitiallydrivenbyactsofdisinformation,whicharedeliberatelydeceptiveandintendedtocauseharm.Butpartofwhatmakesdisinformationsoeffectiveinanageofsocialmediaisthefactthatpeoplewhoareexposedtoitshareitwidelyamongfriendsandpeerswhotrustthem,withnointentionofmisleadinganyone.Socialmediatransformsdisinformationintomisinformation.Manysocialscientistshavetriedtounderstandhowfalsebeliefspersistbymodelingthespreadofideasasacontagion.Inacontagionmodel,ideasarelikevirusesthatgofrommindtomind.Youstartwithanetwork,whichconsistsofnodes,representingindividuals,andedges,whichrepresentsocialconnections.Youseedanideainone“mind”andseehowitspreads.正確答案：詳見解析參考解析：【參考譯文】Inthemid-1800sacaterpillar,thesizeofahumanfinger,beganspreadingacrossthenortheasternU.S.Thisappearanceofthetomatohornwormwasfollowedbyterrifyingreportsoffatalpoisoningsandaggressivebehaviortowardspeople.InJuly1869newspapersacrosstheregionpostedwarningsabouttheinsect,reportingthatagirlhaddiedafterarun-inwiththecreature.Thatfallalocalnewspaperprintedanaccountfromadoctor.Thephysicianwarnedthatthecaterpillarwas“aspoisonousasarattlesnake”andsaidheknewofthreedeathslinkedtoitsvenom.19世紀中期，一種人類手指大小的毛蟲開始在美國東北部蔓延。這種番茄天蛾幼蟲出現(xiàn)之后，有駭人的報道稱該蟲有劇毒，對人類有攻擊性行為。1869年7月，該地區(qū)的報紙刊登了關于這種昆蟲的警告，報道稱一個女孩在被蟲子咬了以后死亡。那年秋天，當?shù)匾患覉蠹埧橇艘晃会t(yī)生對于這則病例的解釋。這位醫(yī)生警告說，這種毛毛蟲“和響尾蛇一樣毒”，他還說他知道有三例死亡與它的毒液有關。Althoughthehornwormisavoraciouseaterthatcanstripatomatoplantinamatterofdays,itis,infact,harmlesstohumans.Entomologistshadknowntheinsecttobeinnocuousfordecades,andhisclaimswerewidelymockedbyexperts.Sowhydidtherumorspersisteventhoughthetruthwasreadilyavailable?Peoplearesociallearners.Wedevelopmostofourbeliefsfromthetestimonyoftrustedotherssuchasourteachers,parentsandfriends.Thissocialtransmissionofknowledgeisattheheartofcultureandscience.Butasthetomatohornwormstoryshowsus,ourabilityhasagapingvulnerability:sometimestheideaswespreadarewrong.雖然這種天蛾幼蟲生性貪婪，可以在幾天內(nèi)吃掉一株番茄，但事實上，它對人類無害。昆蟲學家?guī)资昵熬椭肋@種昆蟲是無害的，醫(yī)生的說法遭到了昆蟲專家們的廣泛嘲笑。那么，為什么即使真相唾手可得，謠言卻仍然存在呢？這是因為人類是社會學習者。我們大部分的觀念都來自于我們所信任的人的說辭，比如我們的老師、父母和朋友。這種知識的社會傳播是文化和科學的核心。但是正如番茄天蛾幼蟲的故事告訴我們的一樣，我們傳播知識的能力有一個很大的弱點：有時候我們傳播的觀點是錯誤的。Overthepastfiveyears,thewaysinwhichthesocialtransmissionofknowledgecanfailushavecomeintosharpfalls.Misinformationsharedonsocialmediahasfueledanepidemicoffalsebelief.Thesamebasicmechanismsthatspreadfearaboutthetomatohornwormhavenowintensified—and,insomecases,ledto—aprofoundpublicmistrustofbasicsocietalinstitution.在過去的五年里，知識的社會化傳播讓我們對信息失望的情況急劇減少。社交媒體上分享的錯誤信息助長了錯誤觀念的擴散。同樣的基本機制，傳播了人類對于番茄天蛾幼蟲的恐懼，如今加劇了——并且在某些情況下——導致了公眾對基本社會制度的嚴重不信任?！癕isinformation”mayseemlikeamisnomerhere.Afterall,manyoftoday’smostdamagingfalsebeliefsareinitiallydrivenbyactsofdisinformation,whicharedeliberatelydeceptiveandintendedtocauseharm.Butpartofwhatmakesdisinformationsoeffectiveinanageofsocialmediaisthefactthatpeoplewhoareexposedtoitshareitwidelyamongfriendsandpeerswhotrustthem,withnointentionofmisleadinganyone.Socialmediatransformsdisinformationintomisinformation.“錯誤信息”在這里似乎用詞不當。畢竟，今天許多最具破壞性的錯誤觀念最初都是由故意制造虛假信息而造成的，這些行為蓄意欺騙，意在造成傷害。但虛假信息之所以在社交媒體時代如此有效，部分原因在于，接觸到虛假信息的人會在信任他們的朋友和同齡人中廣泛分享信息，無意誤導任何人。社交媒體將虛假信息傳播成了錯誤信息。Manysocialscientistshavetriedtounderstandhowfalsebeliefspersistbymodelingthespreadofideasasacontagion.Inacontagionmodel,ideasarelikevirusesthatgofrommindtomind.Youstartwithanetwork,whichconsistsofnodes,representingindividuals,andedges,whichrepresentsocialconnections.Youseedanideainone“mind”andseehowitspreads.很多社會科學家試圖按傳染病傳播的方式來模擬思想傳播的模型，以理解錯誤觀念是如何持續(xù)存在的。在傳播模型中，思想就像病毒一樣從一個大腦傳播到另一個大腦。這樣的模型需要一個網(wǎng)絡，它由代表個體的節(jié)點和代表社會聯(lián)系的邊組成。你在一個“頭腦”中播下一個想法，然后看它如何傳播。解析（1）Thisappearanceofthetomatohornwormwasfollowedbyterrifyingreportsoffatalpoisoningsandaggressivebehaviortowardspeople.這種番茄天蛾幼蟲出現(xiàn)之后，有駭人的報道稱該蟲有劇毒，對人類有攻擊性行為。[分析]理解結構采分點。原文為被動句，譯文可將原文的被動句換成主動句式以符合中文的表達習慣。（2）Thesamebasicmechanismsthatspreadfearaboutthetomatohornwormhavenowintensified—and,insomecases,ledto—aprofoundpublicmistrustofbasicsocietalinstitution.同樣的基本機制，傳播了人類對于番茄天蛾幼蟲的恐懼，如今加劇了——并且在某些情況下——導致了公眾對基本社會制度的嚴重不信任。[分析]理解結構采分點。原文中that引導的是定語從句，修飾前文的mechanisms，在翻譯時可將該定語從句單獨翻譯，其余結構基本與原文結構基本一致。（3）“Misinformation”mayseemlikeamisnomerhere.“錯誤信息”在這里似乎用詞不當。[分析]選詞用詞采分點?！癿isinformation”可翻譯成“錯誤信息”。（4）Afterall,manyoftoday’smostdamagingfalsebeliefsareinitiallydrivenbyactsofdisinformation,whicharedeliberatelydeceptiveandintendedtocauseharm.畢竟，今天許多最具破壞性的錯誤觀念最初都是由故意制造虛假信息而造成的，這些行為蓄意欺騙，意在造成傷害。[分析]選詞用詞采分點?！癲isinformation”可翻譯成“虛假信息”。譯文可將原文中帶有動詞意味的形容詞“deceptive”動詞化。（5）Butpartofwhatmakesdisinformationsoeffectiveinanageofsocialmediaisthefactthatpeoplewhoareexposedtoitshareitwidelyamongfriendsandpeerswhotrustthem,withnointentionofmisleadinganyone.但虛假信息之所以在社交媒體時代如此有效，部分原因在于，接觸到虛假信息的人會在信任他們的朋友和同齡人中廣泛分享信息，無意誤導任何人。[分析]理解結構采分點。原文中what引導的是介詞of的賓語從句，在翻譯時可將該從句前置單獨翻譯，其余結構與原文結構基本一致。[問答題]3.Passage12019年12月，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一批聚集性肺炎病例。1月30日，世界衛(wèi)生組織將此疫情列為國際關注的突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事情（PHEIC）。面對疫情，專家經(jīng)考察研究，達成幾點共識。首先，它是一種新的冠狀病毒。其次，新冠肺炎有家庭聚集性的特點；人群普遍易感染，但多數(shù)患者是輕癥，可以康復。第三，它的傳播力高于SARS，因有的患者無癥狀或輕癥，新冠肺炎隱匿性強。第四，目前尚無特效藥和疫苗。面對疫情，中國采取了嚴格、徹底、科學、精準的防控措施，打響了一場抗疫人民戰(zhàn)爭?？蒲腥藛T甄別病原體、研究診治方案、研發(fā)抗病毒疫苗?；鹕裆健⒗咨裆结t(yī)院拔地而起，方艙醫(yī)院一所所開放，全國各地的醫(yī)護人員和部隊人員緊急集結奔赴“抗疫戰(zhàn)場”，為病人提供緊急救治。隨著一批批輕癥患者治愈出院，14所方艙醫(yī)院陸續(xù)關艙。疫情沒有國界，是人類面臨的共同挑戰(zhàn)。中國支持世衛(wèi)組織發(fā)揮引領作用，與國際社會共同抗疫，為完善全球衛(wèi)生治理做出積極貢獻。正確答案：詳見解析參考解析：【參考譯文】2019年12月，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一批聚集性肺炎病例。1月30日，世界衛(wèi)生組織將此疫情列為國際關注的突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事情（PHEIC）。面對疫情，專家經(jīng)考察研究，達成幾點共識。AfteraclusterofpneumoniacaseswerefoundinDecember2019,theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)listedthisepidemicasaPublicHealthEmergencyofInternationalConcern(PHEIC)onJanuary30.Confrontedwiththeepidemic,expertshavereachedthefollowingconsensusaftercarefulinvestigation:首先，它是一種新的冠狀病毒。其次，新冠肺炎有家庭聚集性的特點；人群普遍易感染，但多數(shù)患者是輕癥，可以康復。第三，它的傳播力高于SARS，因有的患者無癥狀或輕癥，新冠肺炎隱匿性強。第四，目前尚無特效藥和疫苗。Firstofall,itisanovelcoronavirus.Secondly,itcanbeeasilytransmittedamongfamilymembers.Peoplearegenerallysusceptibletothevirus,butmostpatientsonlyshowmildsymptomsthatcanbecured.Thirdly,thiscoronavirusismoretransmissiblethanSARSandcannotbeeasilydetectedbecausesomepatientsareasymptomaticoronlyshowmildsymptoms.Fourthly,thereisnospecificmedicationandvaccineagainstthevirusatpresent.面對疫情，中國采取了嚴格、徹底、科學、精準的防控措施，打響了一場抗疫人民戰(zhàn)爭?？蒲腥藛T甄別病原體、研究診治方案、研發(fā)抗病毒疫苗?；鹕裆健⒗咨裆结t(yī)院拔地而起，方艙醫(yī)院一所所開放，全國各地的醫(yī)護人員和部隊人員緊急集結奔赴“抗疫戰(zhàn)場”，為病人提供緊急救治。隨著一批批輕癥患者治愈出院，14所方艙醫(yī)院陸續(xù)關艙。Facedwiththeepidemic,Chinahasadoptedrigorous,thorough,scientificandprecisepreventionandcontrolmeasures,launchingaman-against-virusbattle.Virusresearchersidentifypathogens,studydiagnosisandtreatmentschemes,anddevelopantiviralvaccines.Fire-GodMountainHospitalandThunder-GodMountainHospitalhavesprungupquicklyandmobilecabinhospitalshavebeenputintoserviceinsuccession.Medicalandmilitarypersonnelfromalloverthecountryhavegatheredtogetherandrushedtotheanti-epidemicbattlefieldtoprovideemergenttreatmentsforpatients.Withgroupsofmild-casepatientscuredandreleasedfromhospitals,14mobilecabinhospitalswereclosedoneafteranother.疫情沒有國界，是人類面臨的共同挑戰(zhàn)。中國支持世衛(wèi)組織發(fā)揮引領作用，與國際社會共同抗疫，為完善全球衛(wèi)生治理做出積極貢獻。Pandemicknowsnoboundaries,whichisacommonchallengeformankind.ChinasupportsWorldHealthOrganization’sleadershipinfightingCOVIDtogetherwiththeinternationalcommunityandmakingpositivecontributionstoimprovingglobalhealthgovernance.解析（1）2019年12月，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一批聚集性肺炎病例。1月30日，世界衛(wèi)生組織將此疫情列為國際關注的突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事情（PHEIC）。AfteraclusterofpneumoniacaseswerefoundinDecember2019,theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)listedthisepidemicasaPublicHealthEmergencyofInternationalConcern(PHEIC)onJanuary30.[分析]基本素質(zhì)采分點。世界衛(wèi)生組織“theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)”和突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事情“PublicHealthEmergencyofInternationalConcern(PHEIC)”都是常用時事詞匯。（2）首先，它是一種新的冠狀病毒。Firstofall,itisanovelcoronavirus.[分析]基本素質(zhì)采分點。冠狀病毒“coronavirus”是常用時事詞匯。（3）第四，目前尚無特效藥和疫苗。Fourthly,thereisnospecificmedicationandvaccineagainstthevirusatpresent.[分析]基本素質(zhì)采分點。特效藥“specificmedication”和疫苗“vaccine”都是常用時事詞匯。（4）面對疫情，中國采取了嚴格、徹底、科學、精準的防控措施，打響了一場抗疫人民戰(zhàn)爭。Facedwiththeepidemic,Chinahasadoptedrigorous,thorough,scientificandprecisepreventionandcontrolmeasures,launchingaman-against-virusbattle.[分析]理解結構采分點。譯文將原文中的“打響了一場抗疫人民戰(zhàn)爭”翻譯成伴隨狀語表結果。[問答題]4.Passage2農(nóng)業(yè)要保持糧食供應。從供給數(shù)量看，2019年我國糧食產(chǎn)量再創(chuàng)新高，棉油糖生產(chǎn)穩(wěn)定，果菜茶供應充足，但是公眾關注生豬供給。受非洲豬瘟等因素影響，今年生豬產(chǎn)能下降較多。一場生豬穩(wěn)產(chǎn)供保行動在全國各地展開，政府部門從財政支持，用地保障、金融保險等方面持續(xù)發(fā)力。目前生豬生產(chǎn)已出現(xiàn)回暖，豬肉供應將有所增加。同時，禽肉生產(chǎn)增加較多，牛羊肉生產(chǎn)形勢好，肉類供應有保障。此外，供給的質(zhì)量和效益也日益提高，品種結構調(diào)優(yōu)。大豆面積增加了92萬公頃。各地積極發(fā)展優(yōu)質(zhì)稻谷、小麥、大豆、油菜、高產(chǎn)高糖甘蔗等。不少地方推進適應性種植，適當調(diào)減非適應區(qū)種植，東北寒冷地區(qū)和南方重金屬污染區(qū)水稻調(diào)減20萬公頃，小麥調(diào)減20萬公頃。2019年，國家在175個縣開展有機肥替代化肥，在150個縣開展果菜茶全程防控試點。目前，病蟲綠色防控面積超過5300萬公頃，化肥用量連續(xù)3年實現(xiàn)負增長。經(jīng)過多年的探索實踐，耕地輪作休耕試點省份已由9個增加到17個，試點面積由40萬公頃擴大到200萬公頃。試點區(qū)域耕地質(zhì)量穩(wěn)步向好，生態(tài)環(huán)境得到改善，提升了稻米、小麥等的競爭力。正確答案：詳見解析參考解析：【參考譯文】農(nóng)業(yè)要保持糧食供應。從供給數(shù)量看，2019年我國糧食產(chǎn)量再創(chuàng)新高，棉油糖生產(chǎn)穩(wěn)定，果菜茶供應充足，但是公眾關注生豬供給。受非洲豬瘟等因素影響，今年生豬產(chǎn)能下降較多。一場生豬穩(wěn)產(chǎn)供保行動在全國各地展開，政府部門從財政支持，用地保障、金融保險等方面持續(xù)發(fā)力。目前生豬生產(chǎn)已出現(xiàn)回暖，豬肉供應將有所增加。同時，禽肉生產(chǎn)增加較多，牛羊肉生產(chǎn)形勢好，肉類供應有保障。Agricultureshouldsustainasteadysupplyoffood.Intermsofthesupplyquantity,in2019,China’sfoodoutputreachedanewhigh;cotton,oilandsugarstayedsteady;fruits,vegetablesandteasweresufficient;pork,however,wasaconcerntothepublic.AffectedbyswineflufromAfrica,theproductioncapacityoflivehogsdroppedmorethisyear.Acampaignwaslaunchedalloverthecountrytostabilizethesupplyoflivehogs.Thegovernmentcontinuedtoexerttheireffortsinfinancialsupport,landuseguaranteeandfinancialinsurance.Atpresent,livehogproductionhaspickedupandthesupplyofporkshouldincreasesoon.Atthesametime,there’sarelativelyhigherincreaseinthesupplyoffowlmeat.Theproductionofbeefandmuttonlooksgood.Thesupplyofmeatproductsshouldbeguaranteed.此外，供給的質(zhì)量和效益也日益提高，品種結構調(diào)優(yōu)。大豆面積增加了92萬公頃。各地積極發(fā)展優(yōu)質(zhì)稻谷、小麥、大豆、油菜、高產(chǎn)高糖甘蔗等。不少地方推進適應性種植，適當調(diào)減非適應區(qū)種植，東北寒冷地區(qū)和南方重金屬污染區(qū)水稻調(diào)減20萬公頃，小麥調(diào)減20萬公頃。Inaddition,thequalityandbenefitsofsupplyarealsoimprovingdaybyday,andthestructureofspeciesisoptimized.Theacreageofsoybeanshasbeenincreasedby920,000hectares.Allplaceshaveactivelydevelopedhigh-