山東省臨沂市2022屆高三第3次模擬考試試題英語注意事項(xiàng):1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASpeedreadingsoftwarecanbeusefulnotonlyforprofessionalswhoarerequiredtobeefficientreadersintheirlineofwork,butalsoforstudentswhoneedadvancedreadingskillsinordertoexcelintheirtestsandschoolwork.Belowwewilllistseveralofthebestspeedreadingsoftware.EyeQEyeQisasoftwarecreatedbyInfiniteMind.AneatthingaboutEyeQ,besideshavingaclevername,isthattheyhavetrainingcoursesthatarespecificallydesignedfordifferentcategories.InordertoaccessthecoursesfromEyeQ,userswillhavetopay$89asamonthlyfee.TheReader’sEdgeTheReader’sEdgenotonlyfocusonhelpingindividualsreadfasterandmoreefficiently,buttheyalsohelpuserscomprehendmoreandgetthemostoutofareadingexperience.TherearetwoversionsoftheReader’sEdge;basicandadvanced.Theadvancedversioncosting$80hasfarmorefeaturesthanthebasiconewhichcostsyoualmosthalfasmuch.SpreederSpreederisavailableonbothiOSandAndroid.Startingoffataratherlowspeed,theappflasheswordsonebyone.Gradually,astheuserbecomesmorecomfortable,thespeedincreases.Slowly,theuseristrainedtospeedreadwithouthavingtoskipanywords.Thisapprecordsthereader’sreadingimprovements,recordingtheoverallreadingtimeandspeed,whichisuniquetoSpreeder.YoucandownloadandbuySpreederforaround$90.IrisSpeedReadingIrisSpeedReadingfocusesprimarilyonteachingspeedreadingbyusingvideocourses.Whileallofthefollowingprogramscanbeusedbyindividualsfiveyearsandolder,thissoftwareisdesignedmoreforprofessionals,collegestudents,andadvancedreaders.IrisSpeedReadingsoftwareisuniqueastheyonlyprovidecourses.Theyhavethreedifferentcourses,eachcosting$55.Youcanalsochoosetopurchaseallthreecoursesfor$149.1.Whichofthefollowingprovidestwoversions?A.EyeQ. B.TheReader’sEdge. C.Spreeder. D.IrisSpeedReading.2.WhatisspecialaboutSpreeder?A.Costinguserstheleastmoney. B.Offeringuserstestingprograms.C.Tracingusers’readingprogress. D.Satisfyingusersofdifferentages.3.HowmuchcanbesavedifyoubuyallthreecoursesofIrisSpeedReadingatatime?A.$16. B.$55. C.$94. D.$149.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。快速閱讀軟件對(duì)工作中需要成為高效閱讀者的專業(yè)人士和需要高級(jí)閱讀技能以在考試和學(xué)業(yè)中脫穎而出的學(xué)生很有用。文章列出了幾個(gè)很好的快速閱讀軟件。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheReader’sEdge段落第二句“TherearetwoversionsoftheReader’sEdge;basicandadvanced.(Reader'sEdge有兩個(gè)版本;基本的和先進(jìn)的。)”可知，TheReader’sEdge有兩個(gè)版本。故選B。

【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Spreeder段落第四句“Thisapprecordsthereader’sreadingimprovements,recordingtheoverallreadingtimeandspeed,whichisuniquetoSpreeder.(這個(gè)應(yīng)用程序記錄讀者的閱讀進(jìn)步，記錄整體閱讀時(shí)間和速度，這是Spreeder獨(dú)有的。)”可知，Spreeder的獨(dú)特之處在于它會(huì)跟蹤用戶閱讀進(jìn)度。故選C。

【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)IrisSpeedReading段落最后兩句“Theyhavethreedifferentcourses,eachcosting$55.Youcanalsochoosetopurchaseallthreecoursesfor$149.(他們有三種不同的課程，每門55美元。你也可以選擇以149美元的價(jià)格購買這三門課程。)”可知，每個(gè)課程單價(jià)55美元，三個(gè)課程165美元，一次性購買需149美元，165-149=16；那么一次性購買三門課程可以節(jié)省16美元，故選A。

BInhighschool,shewasbullied.Aftercollege,itwasdifficulttofindajob.Butthroughallthedifficulttimes,ColletteDivitto,hashadonethingthatmakesherhappy:baking.Divitto,whohasDownsyndrome(唐氏綜合征),decidedtochannelherpassionintoacareer,openingherowncookiecompany.“Soactually,Ialwayslovedbaking,sinceIwas4yearsold.Fromhighschool,Ihadbeentakingbakingclasses,”saidDivitto,31.“Itwasahardtimeforme.Ihadnofriends.Ididn’thaveasociallife.Igotbullied.Igotpickedon.Andthat’swhyIhadbeentakingbakingclasses.”Afterhighschool,DivittowenttoClemsonUniversityinSouthCarolina,butaftergraduating,itwasdifficultforhertofindjobs.So,sheturnedtohermom,whohelpedhercreateherownjob:CEOofCollettey’sCookies.“There’relotsofamazingthingshappening,”Divittosaidoftheopportunitiescomingherway.Shesaysherfavoritepartaboutrunningherbusinessishiringpeoplewithdisabilities.Collettey’sCookieshelpspeoplewithdisabilitiespreparefortheircareers,byofferingworkshopsandguidance.In2020,just17.9%ofpeoplewithadisabilitywereemployed.ButDivittobelievesmanywanttowork,federallawdoesnotrequireemployerstopaythemminimumwage.Thatmeanscompaniescanpaypeoplewithdisabilitieswhatevertheythinkthey’reworth—somethingDivittoisworkingtochange.Shehasappealedtosocietytohelpcreatemorejobsforpeoplewithdisabilities,whichshehopesgetstheattentionofCongress.Collettey’sCookiesnowhas15employees,andabouthalfofthemarepeoplewithdisabilities.Andtheyhaveastrongleadertolookupto.“Nomatterwhoyouare,youcanmakeagreatdifferenceinthisworld,”Divittosaid.“Don’tletpeoplebringyoudown...Donotfocusonyourdisabilities.Youonlyneedtofocusonyourabilities.”4.WhatdroveDivittotostartherbusiness?A.Herbeingbullied. B.Hermother’shelp. C.HerDownsyndrome. D.Herfailuretolandajob.5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDivitto’sattitudetowardsthedisabled?A.Merciful. B.Generous. C.Considerate. D.Tolerant.6.WhatdoesDivittowanttoworktochange?A.Thesalarythedisabledget. B.Thefedallawaboutthedisabled.C.Theworkingconditionsofthedisabled. D.TherolethedisabledplaysintheCongress.7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Thedisabledactasleadersinhercompany. B.Thegovernmentshowsnocareforthedisabled.C.Disabledpeoplehavepotentialtoachievesuccess. D.EmployeesshowrespectforDivittoinhercompany.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了從小受到欺凌、患有唐氏綜合癥的ColletteDivitto在媽媽的幫助下開始了自己的事業(yè)，并盡自己的努力幫助殘疾人就業(yè)的故事。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Afterhighschool,DivittowenttoClemsonUniversityinSouthCarolina,butaftergraduating,itwasdifficultforhertofindjobs.So,sheturnedtohermom,whohelpedhercreateherownjob:CEOofCollettey’sCookies.(高中畢業(yè)后，Divitto去了南卡羅來納州的克萊姆森大學(xué)，但畢業(yè)后，她很難找到工作。所以，她求助于她的母親，母親幫助她創(chuàng)造了自己的工作：Collettey’sCookies的首席執(zhí)行官)”可知，媽媽的幫助Divitto開始自己的事業(yè)。故選B。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Shesaysherfavoritepartaboutrunningherbusinessishiringpeoplewithdisabilities.Collettey’sCookieshelpspeoplewithdisabilitiespreparefortheircareers,byofferingworkshopsandguidance.(她說，關(guān)于她經(jīng)營(yíng)公司的她最喜歡的部分是雇用殘疾人。Collettey’sCookies通過提供研討會(huì)和指導(dǎo)，幫助殘疾人為自己的職業(yè)生涯做好準(zhǔn)備)”可推知，Divitto非常關(guān)心殘疾人。故選C。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“ButDivittobelievesmanywanttowork,federallawdoesnotrequireemployerstopaythemminimumwage.Thatmeanscompaniescanpaypeoplewithdisabilitieswhatevertheythinkthey’reworth—somethingDivittoisworkingtochange.(但Divitto認(rèn)為，許多人想要工作，聯(lián)邦法律沒有要求雇主支付他們最低工資。這意味著公司可以向殘疾人支付他們認(rèn)為有價(jià)值的任何報(bào)酬——這是迪維托正在努力改變的)”可知，Divitto想要改變的是殘疾人的工資。故選A。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“'Nomatterwhoyouare,youcanmakeagreatdifferenceinthisworld,'Divittosaid.'Don’tletpeoplebringyoudown...Donotfocusonyourdisabilities.Youonlyneedtofocusonyourabilities.'(Divitto說：“不管你是誰，你都可以讓這個(gè)世界大不相同。”“不要讓別人打擊你……不要關(guān)注你的殘疾。你只需要專注于你的能力。”)”可推知，只要專注于自己的能力，殘疾人也有改變世界、獲得成功的潛力。故選C。CManyAmericanssleepinaroomthat’sstoppedoccasionallywithsomeformofartificiallight—whetherit’scomingfromaTV,ajumbleofelectronicsorastreetlight.Newresearchsuggeststhatonenightofsleepwithjustamoderateamountoflightmayhavenegativeeffectsonhealth.Dr.PhyllisZee,seniorauthorofthenewstudyanddirectoroftheCenterforCircadianandSleepMedicineatNorthwesternUniversity,conductedanexperimentsofar,whichindicatesbeingexposedtolightatnightmaybeadverseinavarietyofwaysandcouldleadpeopletochronicdiseases.Forthestudy,alltheparticipantsspenttheirfirstnightsleepinginadarkroom.Thenextnight,halfofthemsleptinalightedroom.Meanwhile,theresearchersrantestsonthesleepers:theyrecordedtheirbrainwaves,measuredtheirheartratesanddrewtheirbloodeveryfewhours,amongotherthings.Theresultsshowseveralcleardifferencesbetweenthetwogroups.Unlikethosewhospentbothnightsinthedark,thegroupexposedtothelighthadincreasedheartratesthroughoutthenight.Thestudy’sfindingsthatmetabolic(代謝的)healthsufferedaren’tentirelysurprising.“Thisisenoughtosuggestthatifpeoplesleepunderlight,evenalittlelight,itmayposeathreattotheirhealth,particularlycardiovascular(心血管的)health,andincreasetheriskofdisease.”saysDr.CharlesCzeisler,chiefoftheDivisionofSleepandCircadianDisordersattheBrighamandWomen’sHospitalinBostonandaprofessoratHarvardMedicalSchool.Infactthereportdidnotcontrolfortheeffectsofsleepdurationandotherpotentialfactors.It’sworthnotingthatresearchersstillhadaindistinctdefinitionofwhetherlightcanaffectinsulin(胰島素)changesinthebody,butit’ssafetosaythatevenalittlelightcanbebadforyourhealth.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adverse”meaninparagraph2?A.Stressful. B.Harmful. C.Different. D.Disordered.9.HowdidDr.PhyllisZeegettheresults?A.Bycomparingtestdata. B.Bymonitoringlightsources.C.Byanalyzingsleepingpatterns. D.Byrecordingemotionalchanges.10.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thevalueoftheexperiment. B.Theprospectoftheexperiment.C.Thelimitationoftheexperiment. D.Theapplicationoftheexperiment.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A.SleepingwiththeLightson:IsiteverOK? B.LightTheropyImproveSleeping:Haveatry?C.HowdoesaLighterSleeperGetMoreRest? D.DoesBedroomLightingImproveSleepQuality?【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究證明睡眠時(shí)暴露在燈光下對(duì)健康有害。【8題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文“couldleadpeopletochronicdiseases.(可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致慢性疾病)”可知，睡眠時(shí)暴露在燈光下可能導(dǎo)致慢性疾病。由此可知，睡眠時(shí)暴露在燈光下在很多方面都是有害的，即adverse意為“有害的”，與harmful同義。故選B。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Forthestudy,alltheparticipantsspenttheirfirstnightsleepinginadarkroom.Thenextnight,halfofthemsleptinalightedroom.Meanwhile,theresearchersrantestsonthesleepers:theyrecordedtheirbrainwaves,measuredtheirheartratesanddrewtheirbloodeveryfewhours,amongotherthings.(在這項(xiàng)研究中，所有參與者的第一個(gè)晚上都睡在一個(gè)黑暗的房間里。第二天晚上，他們中有一半人睡在一間有燈光的房間里。與此同時(shí)，研究人員對(duì)睡眠者進(jìn)行了測(cè)試：他們記錄他們的腦波，測(cè)量他們的心率，每隔幾個(gè)小時(shí)抽血一次，等等)”推知，Dr.PhyllisZee通過對(duì)比兩次實(shí)驗(yàn)中參與者某些方面的數(shù)據(jù)得出了結(jié)果。故選A。【10題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Infact,thereportdidnotcontrolfortheeffectsofsleepdurationandotherpotentialfactors.It’sworthnotingthatresearchersstillhadaindistinctdefinitionofwhetherlightcanaffectinsulin(胰島素)changesinthebody(事實(shí)上，該報(bào)告沒有控制睡眠時(shí)間和其他潛在因素的影響。值得注意的是，研究人員對(duì)光線是否會(huì)影響體內(nèi)胰島素的變化仍有模糊的定義)”可知，本段主要介紹了實(shí)驗(yàn)的局限性。故選C。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究證明睡眠時(shí)暴露在燈光下對(duì)健康有害。再結(jié)合第一段的“Newresearchsuggeststhatonenightofsleepwithjustamoderateamountoflightmayhavenegativeeffectsonhealth.(新的研究表明，接觸到適量的光線的晚上睡眠可能會(huì)對(duì)健康產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響)”可知，A項(xiàng)“開著燈睡覺：可以嗎?”可以作為本文最佳標(biāo)題，貼合主旨且吸引讀者。故選A。DWhenyouthinkaboutwaystofightpollution,youlikelydon’tthinkaboutbacteria.However,researchersledbyNorthwesternUniversityandLanzaTechhavediscoveredatypeofbacteriathatcanbreakdownwastecarbondioxidetomakevaluableindustrialchemicals,accordingtoapressreleasebyNorthwesternpublishedMonday.Thebreakthroughcouldrevolutionizehowwedealwithcarbondioxideandclimatechange.“Theacceleratingclimatecrisis,combinedwithrapidpopulationgrowth,posesomeofthemosturgentchallengestohumankind,alllinkedtothecontinuousreleaseandaccumulationofCO2acrosstheentirebiosphere,”saidNorthwestern’sMichaelJewett,co-seniorauthorofthestudy.“Bypartneringwithbiologytomakewhatisneeded,whereandwhenitisneeded,onasustainableandrenewablebasis,wecanbegintotakeadvantageoftheavailableCO2totransformtheeconomy.”Intheirwork,theresearchersengineeredabacteriastrainthatcantransformCO2intoacetoneandIsopropanol(IPA),avoidingtraditionalmethodsthatusefossilfuelsforthecreationofthesechemicals.Betteryet,thenewgasfermentation(發(fā)酵)processalsoremovesgreenhousegasesfromtheatmosphere.Theresearchersundertookalife-cycleanalysisandfoundthattheirprocesscouldreducegreenhousegasemissionsby160%ascomparedtoconventionalprocessesifthismethodweretobebroadlyadopted.“Thisdiscoveryisamajorstepforwardinavoidingaclimatecatastrophe,”saidJenniferHolmgren,LanzaTechCEO.“Today,mostofourindustrialchemicalsareobtainedabsolutelyfromnewfossilresourcessuchasoil,naturalgas,orcoal.AcetoneandIPAaretwoexampleswithacombinedglobalmarketof$10billion.TheacetoneandIPApathwaysdevelopedwillacceleratethedevelopmentofothernewproductsbyclosingthecarboncyclefortheiruseinmultipleindustries.”Theresearchersbelievetheirprocesswilltranslatetoindustrialscaleandcouldevenbeappliedtocreatestreamlinedprocessesfordevelopingothervaluablechemicals.12.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph1?A.ThebacteriacanproduceCO2andindustrychemicals.B.Arevolutionarywaywasfoundtodealwithclimatecrisis.C.Theresearchersfocusprimarilyonhowtodealwithbacteria.D.Thediscoverychangedpeople’sattitudetowardsclimatechange.13.WhatdoesMichaelJewettsayaboutthestudy?A.Challengestohumankindcauseclimatecrisis.B.WecanmakewhatweneedatwillusingCO2.C.CO2canplayapositiveroleintransformingeconomy.D.ThewayofreleasingCO2ischangedbypartneringwithbiology.14.What’sanadvantageofthenewmethodcomparedtotraditionalones?A.Itwillhaveapotentialmarketof$10billion.B.Itwillacceleratethedevelopmentofothernewproducts.C.Itwilldevelopothervaluablechemicalsonlargescales.D.Itwillreducegreenhousegasemissionswithoutusingfossilfuels.15.Wherecanthetextbefound?AInabiologytextbook. B.InaLabguidebook.C.Inanacademicalpaper. D.Inasciencenewspaper.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要講述了由美國西北大學(xué)和蘭扎理工學(xué)院領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種細(xì)菌，可以將碳廢物轉(zhuǎn)化為有價(jià)值的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thebreakthroughcouldrevolutionizehowwedealwithcarbondioxideandclimatechange.(這一突破可能會(huì)徹底改變我們應(yīng)對(duì)二氧化碳和氣候變化的方式)”可知，人們找到了應(yīng)對(duì)氣候危機(jī)的革命性方法。故選B項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段MichaelJewett說的話“Bypartneringwithbiologytomakewhatisneeded,whereandwhenitisneeded,onasustainableandrenewablebasis,wecanbegintotakeadvantageoftheavailableCO2totransformtheeconomy.(通過與生物學(xué)合作，在可持續(xù)和可再生的基礎(chǔ)上，在需要的地方和時(shí)間制造需要的東西，我們可以開始利用現(xiàn)有的二氧化碳來轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì))”可知，二氧化碳在經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型中具有積極的作用，故選C項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Intheirwork,theresearchersengineeredabacteriastrainthatcantransformCO2intoacetoneandIsopropanol(IPA),avoidingtraditionalmethodsthatusefossilfuelsforthecreationofthesechemicals.Betteryet,thenewgasfermentation(發(fā)酵)processalsoremovesgreenhousegasesfromtheatmosphere.(在他們的工作中，研究人員設(shè)計(jì)了一種可以將二氧化碳轉(zhuǎn)化為丙酮和異丙醇（IPA）的細(xì)菌菌株，避免了使用化石燃料來制造這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)的傳統(tǒng)方法。更妙的是，新的氣體發(fā)酵過程還能消除大氣中的溫室氣體)”可知，與傳統(tǒng)方法相比，新方法將在不使用化石燃料的情況下減少溫室氣體排放。故選D項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，文章主要講述了由西北大學(xué)和蘭扎理工學(xué)院領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種細(xì)菌，可以將碳廢物轉(zhuǎn)化為有價(jià)值的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，是關(guān)于科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)的，所以在科學(xué)報(bào)紙上可以讀到這篇文章。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選山可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。AyounggirlnamedEmilyAshetraveledtoBajaCaliforniawithherfamily,snorkeling(浮潛)inthewarmwatersoftheSeaofCortezforthefirsttime.____16____ThysansweredEmily’sexcitedquestionsandadmiredEmily’sshells,curiousstones,andothertreasuresfromthebeach—andhelpedplanttheseedsofafutureinmarinebiology.EmilyAsheisstabletobecomeoneoftheworld’snewestmarinescientistswhenshegraduatesthisspringfromEckerdCollegeinSt.Petersburg,Florida.____17____“Thyswassuchaninspirationalpersonwhowassopassionateabouttheocean,”Ashesays.____18____“Therewasahugeballwithpelicans(鵜鶘)divinginandsealionsswimmingupfromthebottom,”shesays.“SomehowIgotintothemiddleoftheexcitementwitheverythingswirlingaroundme.Itwasalittlechaoticfora12-year-old,butit’sstilloneofthemostincrediblethingsI’vegottentoexperienceunderwater.”Atthattime,Thysrecognizedthenewtalentedscientist’slovefortheoceanandsuggestedsheattendCalifornia’sCatalinaSeaCamp,whichofferssummersessionsforocean-lovingkids.____19____Shesaystheexperience“openedsomanydoors.”ThroughthoseconnectionsshelandedinthemarinescienceprogramatEckerd.Post-graduation,AshehopestofollowinThys’footstepstoteachkidsandthepublicaboutmarineecosystems.“Mydreamjobistobeanaturalistontheexpeditions,”shesays.“____20____”A.Theexperiencecanbesotransformative.B.AshecreditsThysforplayingakeyroleinleadingherpath.C.Theendgoalistomakeapositiveimpactonourmarineworld.D.Ashetooktheadvice,goingontospendfivesummersasacamper.E.ShealsometTierneyThys,amarinebiologistandNationalGeographicExplorer.F.Thyssaysfirsthandexposureiskeyfordevelopingapassionforthenaturalworld.G.ThinkingbackonheradventureinBaja,Ashesaysthetrip’ssnorkelingmemoriesstandout.【答案】16.E17.B18.G19.D20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了出于對(duì)海洋的熱愛，EmilyAshe在海洋生物學(xué)家和國家地理探險(xiǎn)家TierneyThys的影響和引導(dǎo)下逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢(mèng)想職業(yè)的故事。【16題詳解】根據(jù)后文“ThysansweredEmily’sexcitedquestionsandadmiredEmily’sshells,curiousstones,andothertreasuresfromthebeach—andhelpedplanttheseedsofafutureinmarinebiology.(Thys回答了Emily激動(dòng)人心的問題，欣賞Emily的貝殼、奇石和海灘上的其他珍寶，并幫助為海洋生物學(xué)的未來播下了種子。)”提及了人物Thys與Emily的互動(dòng)，由此可推知，設(shè)空句應(yīng)提及新人物Thys與Emily的見面。選項(xiàng)E“ShealsometTierneyThys,amarinebiologistandNationalGeographicExplorer.(她還會(huì)見了海洋生物學(xué)家、國家地理探險(xiǎn)家TierneyThys。)”講到Emily與Thys第一次見面，符合語境分析，前后文銜接緊密。故選E項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】前文“EmilyAsheisstabletobecomeoneoftheworld’snewestmarinescientistswhenshegraduatesthisspringfromEckerdCollegeinSt.Petersburg,Florida.(EmilyAshe今年春天從佛羅里達(dá)州圣彼得堡埃克德學(xué)院畢業(yè)后，有望成為世界上最新的海洋科學(xué)家之一。)”提及了Emily將會(huì)成為新一代海洋科學(xué)家，后文“‘Thyswassuchaninspirationalpersonwhowassopassionateabouttheocean,’Ashesays.(Ashe說：“Thys是一個(gè)如此鼓舞人心的人，他對(duì)海洋如此熱情。”。)”則提及了Emily對(duì)Thys積極評(píng)價(jià)，因此可推知，設(shè)空句應(yīng)是同樣講述Emily對(duì)Thys的評(píng)價(jià)。選項(xiàng)B“AshecreditsThysforplayingakeyroleinleadingherpath.(Ashe贊揚(yáng)Thys在引領(lǐng)她的道路上發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵作用。)”是Emily對(duì)Thys人生道路上引導(dǎo)的認(rèn)可，是積極評(píng)價(jià)，符合語境分析，與后文銜接緊密。故選B項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】根據(jù)后文的描述“‘Therewasahugeballwithpelicansdivinginandsealionsswimmingupfromthebottom,’shesays.‘SomehowIgotintothemiddleoftheexcitementwitheverythingswirlingaroundme.(“有一個(gè)巨大的球，鵜鶘在里面潛水，海獅從底部游上來，”她說。“不知怎么的，我陷入了興奮之中，周圍的一切都在旋轉(zhuǎn)。)”可知，后文描述的是當(dāng)時(shí)作為小女孩的Emily在巴哈的經(jīng)歷。因此，設(shè)空句作為該段中心句，應(yīng)是概括性語句，且突出主題“巴哈之旅”。選項(xiàng)G“ThinkingbackonheradventureinBaja,Ashesaysthetrip’ssnorkelingmemoriesstandout.(回想她在巴哈的冒險(xiǎn)經(jīng)歷，Ashe說這次旅行的浮潛記憶很突出。)”在句意上貼合主題，為概括性語言。故選G項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Atthattime,Thysrecognizedthenewtalentedscientist’slovefortheoceanandsuggestedsheattendCalifornia’sCatalinaSeaCamp,whichofferssummersessionsforocean-lovingkids.(那時(shí)，Thys意識(shí)到這位新科學(xué)家對(duì)海洋的熱愛，建議她參加加州的卡特琳娜海洋夏令營(yíng)，該夏令營(yíng)為熱愛海洋的孩子們提供夏季課程。)”可知，Thys提出了參加夏令營(yíng)的建議，后文“Shesaystheexperience‘openedsomanydoors.’(她說，這種經(jīng)歷“打開了許多大門”。)”則提及了Emily對(duì)于夏令營(yíng)經(jīng)歷的回憶，因此，設(shè)空句作為中間句，應(yīng)承前啟后提到Emily接受了建議。選項(xiàng)D“Ashetooktheadvice,goingontospendfivesummersasacamper.(Ashe接受了這個(gè)建議，繼續(xù)做了五個(gè)夏天的夏令營(yíng)營(yíng)員。)”在句意上符合分析，用在文中使得前后文銜接緊密。故選D項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Mydreamjobistobeanaturalistontheexpeditions(我夢(mèng)想的工作是成為探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)的博物學(xué)家)”可知，Emily在講述自己的夢(mèng)想，因此可推知，設(shè)空句應(yīng)講述她作為博物學(xué)家的最終目的。選項(xiàng)C“Theendgoalistomakeapositiveimpactonourmarineworld.(最終目標(biāo)是對(duì)我們的海洋世界產(chǎn)生積極影響。)”講述了其最終目的是對(duì)海洋產(chǎn)生的積極影響，符合分析。故選C項(xiàng)。第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Formanyyears,IwassowrappedupinmykidsandmyfamilythatIignoredhowIlooked.Thewords“____21____maintenance”describedmyapproachtobeautyperfectly.Itwasn’tuntilrecently,whenIhadmypicturetakenforaworkID,thatI____22____the“YouthTrain”hadleftthestation,andIwasnolongeronit.ThewomanintheIDpicturelooked____23____anddefinitelymiddle-aged.Forafewdays,Iwasalittle____24____bythefactthatIwasnolongerthesweet,youngthingIthoughtIwas.Forthosefewdays,Itriedalittleharderto____25____younger,brighterandtighter.I____26____withmyhairandaddedextraeyeliner.IthoughtIwas____27____inmyseekingforayouthfulglowuntiloneofmynewco-workers____28____askedmeaquestionthattoldmeIwas____29____onlymyself.“Idon’tsupposeyouknowwhatbeautyis,doyou?”sheasked.Thatsimplequestionopenedmywearyeyesonceandforall.Myfamily____30____menotformyno-longer-shinyhairbutbecausethe____31____I’mplaying,thatismyhusband’swifeandmykids’mom.Someoneoncesaidthat____32____isthefirstgiftgivenandthefirstonetakenaway.Iagreebutonlywhenitcomesto____33____beauty.Whenitcomestostayingyoung,amind-lift____34____aface-liftanyday.The____35____beauty,thestuffinsidethatallofushave,lastsalifetime.21.A.delicate B.constant C.slight D.low22.A.realized B.recognized C.acknowledged D.recommended23.A.energetic B.cautious C.enthusiastic D.tired24.A.confused B.interested C.bothered D.desired25.A.act B.dress C.behave D.pretend26.A.tiedup B.cutaway C.tookturns D.tookpains27.A.sending B.turning C.succeeding D.bringing28.A.casually B.temporarily C.briefly D.improperly29.A.teaching B.fooling C.decorating D.enjoying30.A.loves B.helps C.changes D.shapes31.A.trick B.role C.joke D.game32.A.relief B.belief C.power D.beauty33.A.inner B.natural C.outside D.moral34A.beats B.meets C.warms D.restricts35.A.behavioral B.genuine C.physical D.biological【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.C25.A26.A27.C28.A29.B30.A31.B32.D33.A34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者在文章講述了自己因?yàn)槎嗄暾疹櫦彝ザ雎宰约旱耐獗恚胍ㄟ^一些行為來表現(xiàn)得更年輕，同事不經(jīng)意的詢問讓她開始反思什么是真正的美，最后她明白了內(nèi)在美比外在美更重要、更持久。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“輕微保養(yǎng)”這個(gè)詞完美地描述了我的美容方法。A.delicate精致的；B.constant頻繁的；C.slight輕度的；D.low低的。根據(jù)上文“Formanyyears,IwassowrappedupinmykidsandmyfamilythatIignoredhowIlooked.(多年來，我太專注于我的孩子和我的家庭，而忽略了我的外表)”可知，作者多年沒有注重保養(yǎng)，所以此處用slight來修飾“保養(yǎng)”，符合語境。故選C。

【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：直到最近，當(dāng)我拍了一張工作證的照片，我才意識(shí)到“青年列車”已經(jīng)離開了車站，而我已經(jīng)不在車上了。A.realized意識(shí)到；B.recognized識(shí)別出；C.acknowledged承認(rèn)；D.recommended推薦。根據(jù)下文“ThewomanintheIDpicturelooked3anddefinitelymiddle-aged.(身份證照片上的女人看起來很疲憊，絕對(duì)是中年)”可知，作者意識(shí)到自己已到中年，所以此處表達(dá)“意識(shí)到”青年列車已離開。故選A。

【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：身份證照片上的女人看起來很疲憊，絕對(duì)是中年。A.energetic有活力的；B.cautious謹(jǐn)慎的；C.enthusiastic熱情的；D.tired疲憊的。根據(jù)上文提到作者看到工作證照片意識(shí)到青春不再，以及此處提到“絕對(duì)是中年”可知，照片上的人看起來很“疲憊”。故選D。

【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有幾天，我有點(diǎn)心煩意亂，因?yàn)槲也辉偈俏乙詾榈哪莻€(gè)可愛的、年輕的人了。A.confused困惑；B.interested對(duì)……感興趣；C.bothered(使)煩惱；D.desired渴望。根據(jù)語境“因?yàn)槲也辉偈俏乙詾榈哪莻€(gè)可愛的、年輕的人了”可知，作者有幾天為這件事煩惱。故選C。

【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在那幾天里，我努力表現(xiàn)得更年輕、更聰明、更緊致。A.act表現(xiàn)；B.dress穿著；C.behave行為；D.pretend假裝。根據(jù)下文“I6withmyhairandaddedextraeyeliner.(我把頭發(fā)扎起來，還畫了眼線)”可知，作者做了這些行為來表現(xiàn)自己更年輕、更聰明、更緊致。故選A。

【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我把頭發(fā)扎起來，還畫了眼線。A.tiedup系緊；B.cutaway切掉；C.tookturns輪流；D.tookpains盡力。根據(jù)上文可知，作者在因?yàn)樽约呵啻翰辉俣_的那幾天，努力表現(xiàn)地更年輕，結(jié)合此處的賓語hair可知，此處表示“系緊頭發(fā)”。故選A。

【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我以為我成功地找到了一種年輕的光彩，直到我的一個(gè)新同事不經(jīng)意地問了我一個(gè)問題，這告訴我我只是在欺騙自己。A.sending寄送；B.turning轉(zhuǎn)；C.succeeding成功做；D.bringing帶來。根據(jù)后半句句意“直到我的一個(gè)新同事不經(jīng)意地問了我一個(gè)問題，這告訴我我只是在欺騙自己。”可推知，作者原以為自己努力表現(xiàn)得更年輕的行為“成功了”，然而事實(shí)卻沒有。故選C。

【28題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我以為我成功地找到了一種年輕的光彩，直到我的一個(gè)新同事不經(jīng)意地問了我一個(gè)問題，這告訴我我只是在欺騙自己。A.casually隨便地，不經(jīng)意地；B.temporarily暫時(shí)地；C.briefly簡(jiǎn)短地；D.improperly不合適地。根據(jù)下文““Idon’tsupposeyouknowwhatbeautyis,doyou?”sheasked.(“我想你不知道什么是美，對(duì)吧？”她問道)”可知，在觀察作者的行為后，對(duì)于作者的同事來說，這個(gè)問題是在不經(jīng)意地詢問，其他選項(xiàng)不符合語境，故選A。

【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我以為我成功地找到了一種年輕的光彩，直到我的一個(gè)新同事不經(jīng)意地問了我一個(gè)問題，這告訴我我只是在欺騙自己。A.teaching教；B.fooling欺騙；C.decorating裝飾；D.enjoying享受。根據(jù)下文““Idon’tsupposeyouknowwhatbeautyis,doyou?”sheasked.(“我想你不知道什么是美，對(duì)吧？”她問道)”可知，作者的這些表現(xiàn)得年輕的行為，讓別人覺得她不明白真正的美，所以她此時(shí)明白她的行為只是在欺騙自己。故選B。

【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的家人愛我，不是因?yàn)槲也辉儆泄鉂傻念^發(fā)，而是因?yàn)槲野缪莸慕巧蔷褪俏艺煞虻钠拮雍臀液⒆拥膵寢尅.loves喜愛；B.helps幫助；C.changes改變；D.shapes形成。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表達(dá)因?yàn)樽髡叩脑诩彝ブ惺瞧拮雍蛬寢尩慕巧宰约旱募胰恕皭畚摇薄９蔬xA。

【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的家人愛我，不是因?yàn)槲也辉儆泄鉂傻念^發(fā)，而是因?yàn)槲野缪莸慕巧蔷褪俏艺煞虻钠拮雍臀液⒆拥膵寢尅.trick詭計(jì)；B.role角色；C.joke笑話；D.game游戲。根據(jù)“我丈夫的妻子和我孩子的媽媽”可知，這是作者在家庭中的“角色”。故選B。

【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有人曾經(jīng)說過，美麗是第一個(gè)被賜予的禮物，也是第一個(gè)被拿走的禮物。A.relief緩解；B.belief信念；C.power力量；D.beauty美麗。根據(jù)下文“Iagreebutonlywhenitcomesto13beauty.(我同意，但只有當(dāng)涉及到外在美時(shí))”可知，作者此處表達(dá)的是“美麗”是第一個(gè)被賜予也是第一個(gè)被收走的禮物，故選D。

【33題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我同意，但只有當(dāng)涉及到外在美時(shí)。A.inner內(nèi)在的；B.natural自然的；C.outside外在的；D.moral道德的。根據(jù)下文“Whenitcomestostayingyoung,amind-lift14aface-liftanyday.The15beauty,thestuffinsidethatallofushave,lastsalifetime.(說到保持年輕，精神提升總比整容好。真正的美，我們所有人都擁有的內(nèi)在美，會(huì)持續(xù)一生)”可知，作者認(rèn)為內(nèi)在美比外在美更重要，保持得更久，所以此處她表示“只有涉及到外在美的時(shí)候”，它才是第一個(gè)被賜予也是第一個(gè)被收走的禮物。故選A。

【34題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：說到保持年輕，精神提升總比整容好。A.beats打敗；B.meets滿足；C.warms溫暖；D.restricts限制。根據(jù)下文“The15beauty,thestuffinsidethatallofushave,lastsalifetime.(真正的美，我們所有人都擁有的內(nèi)在美，會(huì)持續(xù)一生)”可知，內(nèi)在美很重要，可以保持一生，所以相比之下，內(nèi)在精神比外在容貌更重要，beats此處意為“將其打敗”，表示“比它更好”。故選A。

【35題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：真正的美，我們所有人都擁有的內(nèi)在美，會(huì)持續(xù)一生。A.behavioral行為的；B.genuine真正的；C.physical身體上的；D.biological生物學(xué)的。根據(jù)前文內(nèi)容可知，作者通過自己的事例，最后感悟出，內(nèi)在美比外在美更重要更持久，所以此處表示內(nèi)在美是“真正的美”。故選B。

第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DatingbacktotheNeolithic(新石器時(shí)代的)age,thetime-honoredtool,thewritingbrushinChinais____36____(wide)usedinChinesecalligraphyandpainting.Togetherwiththeinkstone,inkstickandXuanpaper,thesefourwritingimplementsareoftenreferredto____37____the“FourTreasuresoftheStudy.”ThewritingbrushhasbeenusedbytheChinesetowriteandpaintsince5,000yearsago.Afterpaper____38____(invent)bytheChinese,bambooslips,woodentablets,brocadeandsilk,____39____originallyfunctionedaswritingsurfaces,graduallyfadedout.FormanyChinese____40____(artist),thebrushismorethanawritingtool.“Itseemsinmybloodthat,whenIpickup____41____inkbrush,suddenlymythoughts,ideas,andevenstoriesbuildarelationshipwiththeinkbrush,whichoffersachance____42____(express)ourinnerworld,”saidLiuQinghe,acontemporaryChineseartist.“Withagoodinkbrush____43____(hold)inhands,whenweinfuseourideasintothebrush,wegive____44____life.Whenawriterpicksthebrushup,hecanfeelitsfinedetailsandsubtleties,_____45_____(create)adialogue,”Liusaid.Indeed,the“FourTreasuresoftheStudy”havewrittenthewholeChinesecivilization,asitis.【答案】36.widely37.as38.wasinvented39.which40.artists41.an42.toexpress43.held44.it45.creating【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了毛筆的歷史以及重要意義，這四種書寫工具與硯、墨、宣紙一起被稱為“文房四寶”。