考研閱讀必備真題英語一2023

考研閱讀必備真題英語一2023

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考研閱讀必備真題英語一1

Twoyearsago.RupertMurdochsdaughter,spokeatthe

unsettlingdearthofintegrityacrosssomanyofourcollapsed,

sheargued,becauseofacollectiveacceptancethatthe

mechanisminsocietyshouldbeprofitandthemarketwethe

peoplewhocreatethesocietywewant,notprofit.

Drivingherpointhome,shecontinuedltsincreasingly

absenceofpurpose,ofamorallanguagewithingovernment,

couldbecomeoneofthemostdangerousgoalsforcapitalismand

freedom.Thissameabsenceofmoralpurposewaswounding

companies,suchasInternational,shethought,makingitmore

likelythatitwouldforehadwithwidespreadillegaltelephone

hacking.

Asthehackingtrialconcludes-findingguiltyone

ex-editoroftheNewsoftheWorld,AndyCoulson,forconspiring

tohackphones,andfindingthepredecessor,RebekahBrooks,

innocentofthesamecharge-thewidedearthofintegritystill

stands.Journalistsareknowntohavehackedthephonesofup

千里之行，始于足下。

to5,500people.Thisishackingonanindustrialscale,aswas

acknowledgedbyGlennMulcaire,themanhiredbytheNewsof

theWorldin2023tobethepointpersonforphonehacking.

Othersawaittrial.Thislongstorystillunfolds.

Inmanyrespects,thedearthofmoralpurposeframesnot

onlythefactofsuchwidespreadphonehackingbuttheterms

onwhichthetrialtookplace.Oneoftheastonishing

revelationswashowlittleRebekahBrooksknewofwhatwenton

inhernewsroom,howlittleshethoughttoaskandthefactthat

sheneverinquiredhowthestoriesarrived.Thecoreofher

successfuldefencewasthatsheknewnothing.

Intodaysworld,ithasbecomenormalthatwell-paid

executivesshouldnotbeaccountableforwhathappensinthe

organizationsthattheyrun.Perhapsweshouldnotbeso

surprised.Forageneration,thecollectivedoctrinehasbeen

thatthesortingmechanismofsocietyshouldbeprofit.The

wordsthathavematteredareefficiency,flexibility,

shareholdervalue,business-friendly,wealthgeneration,

sales,impactand,innewspapers,circulation.Wordsdegraded

tothemarginhavebeenjustice,fairness,tolerance,

proportionalityandaccountability.

ThepurposeofeditingtheNewsoftheWorldwasnotto

promotereaderunderstanding,tobefairinwhatwaswritten

ortobetrayanycommonhumanity.Itwastoruinlivesinthe

questforcirculationandimpact.MsBrooksmayormaynothave

hadsuspicionsabouthowherjournalistsgottheirstories,but

sheaskednoquestions,gavenoinstructions-norreceived

traceable,recordedanswers.

第2頁/共18頁

36.Accordigntothefirsttwoparagraphs,Elisabethwas

upsetby

(A)theconsequencesofthecurrentsortingmechanism.

(B)companiesfinanciallossduetoimmoralpractices

(C)governmentalineffectivenessonmoralissues.

(D)thewidemisuseofintegrityamonginstitutions.

37.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3that

(A)GlennMulcairemaydenyphonehackingasacrime.

(B)morejournalistsmaybefoundguiltyofphonehacking.

(C)AndyCoulsonshouldbeheldinnocentofthecharge.

(D)phonehackingwillbeacceptedoncertainoccasions.

38.TheauthorbelievesthatRebekahBrookssdefence

(A)revealedacunningpersonality.

(B)centeredontrivialissues.

(C)washardlyconvincing.

(D)waspartofaconspiracy.

千里之行，始于足下。

39.Theauthorholdsthatthecurrentcollectivedoctrine

shows

(A)generallydistortedvalues.

(B)unfairwealthdistribution.

(C)amarginalizedlifestyle.

(D)arigidmoralcode.

40Whichofthefollowingissuggestedinthelastparagraph?

(A)Thequalityofwritingsisofprimaryimportance.

(B)Commonhumanityiscentraltonewsreporting.

(C)Moralawarenessmattersineditinganewspaper.

(D)Journalistsneedstricterindustrialregulations.

36.Atheconsequencesofthecurrentsortingmechanism

37.Bmorejournalistsmaybefoundguiltyofphonehacking

38.Cwashardlyconvincing

39.Agenerallydistortedvalues

40.Cmoralawarenessmattersineditinganewspaper

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考研閱讀必備真題英語一2

Text4

“TheHeartoftheMatter,“thejust-releasedreportby

theAmericanAcademyofArtsandSciences,deservespraisefor

affirmingtheimportanceofthehumanitiesandsocialsciences

totheprosperityandsecurityofliberaldemocracyinAmerica.

Regrettably,however,thereportsfailuretoaddressthetrue

natureofthecrisisfacingliberaleducationmaycausemore

harmthangood.

In2023,leadingcongressionalDemocratsandRepublicans

sentletterstotheAmericanAcademyofArtsandSciencesasking

thatitidentifyactionsthatcouldbetakenbyfederal,state

andlocalgovernments,universities,foundations,educators,

individualbenefactorsandotherstomaintainnational

excellenceinhumanitiesandsocialscientificscholarshipand

education.

Inresponse,theAmericanAcademyformedtheCommissionon

theHumanitiesandSocialSciences,withDukeUniversity

PresidentRichardBrodheadandretiredExelonCEOJohnRoweas

co-chairmen.Amongthecommissions51membersare

top-tier-universitypresidents,scholars,lawyers,judges,

andbusinessexecutives,aswellasprominentfiguresfrom

diplomacy,filmmaking,musicandjournalism.

Thegoalsidentifiedinthereportaregenerallyadmirable.

Becauserepresentativegovernmentpresupposesaninformed

千里之行，始于足下。

citizenry,thereportsupportsfullliteracy;stressesthe

studyofhistoryandgovernment,particularlyAmericanhistory

andAmericangovernment;andencouragestheuseofnewdigital

technologies.

Toencourageinnovationandcompetition,thereportcalls

forincreasedinvestmentinresearch,thecraftingofcoherent

curriculathatimprovestudentsabilitytosolveproblemsand

communicateeffectivelyinthe21stcentury,increasedfunding

forteachersandtheencouragementofscholarstobringtheir

learningtobearonthegreatchallengesoftheday.Thereport

alsoadvocatesgreaterstudyofforeignlanguages,

internationalaffairsandtheexpansionofstudyabroad

programs.

Oneofthemorenovelideasinthereportisthecreation

ofaCultureCorpsincitiesandtownacrossAmericatotransmit

humanisticandsocialscientificexpertisefromonegeneration

tothenext.

Unfortunately,despite2?yearsinthemaking,TheHeart

oftheMatternevergetstotheheartofthematter:the

illiberalnatureofliberaleducationatourleadingcolleges

anduniversities.

ThecommissionignoresthatforseveraldecadesAmericas

collegesanduniversitieshaveproducedgraduateswhodontknow

thecontentandcharacterofliberaleducationandarethus

deprivedofitsbenefits.Sadly,thespiritofinquiryonceat

homeoncampushasbeenreplacedbytheuseofthehumanities

andsocialsciencesasvehiclesfordisseminatingprogressive,

第6頁/共18頁

orleft-liberalpropaganda.

Today,professorsroutinelytreattheprogressive

interpretationofhistoryandprogressivepublicpolicyasthe

propersubjectofstudywhileportrayingconservativeor

classicalliberalideas—suchasfreemarkets,self-reliance

andadistrustofcentralplanning—asfallingoutsidethe

boundariesofroutine,andsometimeslegitimate,intellectual

investigation.

TheAAASdisplaysgreatenthusiasmforliberaleducation.

Yetitsreportmaywellsetbackreformbyobscuringthedepth

andbreadthofthechallengethatcongressaskeditto

illuminate.

36.AccordingtoParagraph1,whatistheauthorJs

attitudetowardtheAAAS'sreport?

[A]Critical

[B]Appreciative

[C]Contemptuous

[D]Tolerant

本篇文章選自華爾街日報。主要講的是非自由教育以及”問題核

心”這個報告。

答案解析:

千里之行，始于足下。

36.選A,該題是細節態度題。并非考察全文的態度，也就是說

要細節定位。依據題干定位原則，定位第一段AAAS消失之處，并且

肯定要找到表示評價的部分。該題迷惑性很強，由于文章在AAAS后

面就又"praise”所以簡單誤導大家選擇答案B"appreciative（觀

賞的）”，但是我們應當看到有however,我們知道假如第一段消失

轉折，那此轉折肯定跟主旨有關。同時各個題都與主旨相關，所以這

道題應當于主旨相關，后文中的umaycausemoreharmthangood.

讓我們知道它的還多余利，所以答案選擇A,批判性的。

37.InfluentialfiguresintheCongressrequiredthatthe

AAASreportonhowto

[A]retainpeople'sinterestinliberaleducation

[B]definethegovernmentJsroleineducation

[C]keepaleadingpositioninliberaleducation

[D]safeguardindividualsrightstoeducation

37,選C,細節題。依據自然段定位原則，36題在第一段出題,

38題在第三段出題，那37題在其次段出題的可能性就很大。同時題

干定位“InfluentialfiguresintheCongress"與"leading

congressionalDemocratsandRepublicans”同義替換。定位的答

案是askingthatitidentifyactionsthatcouldbetakenby

federal,stateand….，individualbenefactorsandothersto

askingthatitidentifyactionsthatcouldbetakenbyfederal,

stateandlocalgovernments,universities,foundations,

educators,individualbenefactorsandotherstomaintain

nationalexcellenceinhumanitiesandsocialscientific

scholarshipandeducation.'Tnhumanitiesandsocial

第8頁/共18頁

scientificscholarshipandeducation."也就是說答案重點在

maintainnationalexcellence剛好與選項C中的leading

position進行同義替換。ABD與文章不符合。

38.AccordingtoParagraph3,thereportsuggests

[A]anexclusivestudyofAmericanhistory

[B]agreateremphasisontheoreticalsubjects

[C]theapplicationofemergingtechnologies

[D]fundingforthestudyofforeignlanguages

38,選C,推理題。Suggest是推理題的標志。先化選項關鍵詞，

發覺選項A是講Americanhistory選項B;是講theoretical

subjects;選項Ciemergingtechnologies;選項Dfundingforeign

languageso返回原文定位的時候，A選項中的"exclusive排外”

并沒有在"stressesthestudyofhistoryandgovernment,

particularlyAmericanhistoryandAmericangovernment;這句

話中體現。B選項中的理論學科沒有定位點。D選項與原文

uincreasedfundingforteachersJ,以及“greaterstudyof

foreignlanguages,v不符。屬于張冠李戴。"encouragestheuse

ofnewdigitaltechnologies.與選項C同義替換。

39.TheauthorimpliesinParagraphSthatprofessorsare

[A]supportiveoffreemarkets

[B]cautiousaboutintellectualinvestigation

千里之行，始于足下。

[C]conservativeaboutpublicpolicy

[D]biasedagainstclassicalliberalideas

39題選B,屬于推理題。Implies是推理題的標志。同時依據提

題干定位第五段，找professor.uprofessorsroutinelytreatthe

progressiveinterpretationofhistoryandprogressivepublic

policyasthepropersubjectofstudywhileportraying

conservativeorclassicalliberalideas—suchasfreemarkets,

self-reliance—asfallingoutsidetheboundariesofroutine,

andsometimeslegitimate,intellectualinvestigation."A選

項中的freemarkets前面的修飾詞語是conservativeorliberal

ideas沒有體現A選項中的supportive。C選項中的conservative

與文中progressivepublicpolicy不符合。D選項中biased沒有

體現，故排解。所以選B。

40.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthe

text?

[A]WaystoGrasp"TheHeartoftheMatter

[B]IlliberalEducationand"TheHeartoftheMatter”

[C]TheAAAS'sContributiontoLiberalEducation

[D]ProgressivePolicyvs.LiberalEducation

40.題選擇B。主旨大意題。先看其他題題干，我們鎖定關鍵詞

是report,而report就是“theheartofthematter”故排解

C和D.而我們看A發覺文章并沒有講如何抓住“問題核心”的各個

方法。排解A,選擇B

第10頁/共18頁

考研閱讀必備真題英語一3

Text4

Onafivetothreevote,theSupremeCourtknockedoutmuch

ofArizona/simmigrationlawMonday-amodestpolicyvictory

fortheObamaAdministration.Butonthemoreimportantmatter

oftheConstitution,thedecisionwasan8-0defeatforthe

Administration'sefforttoupsetthebalanceofpowerbetween

thefederalgovernmentandthestates.

InArizonav.UnitedStates,themajorityoverturnedthree

ofthefourcontestedprovisionsofArizona'scontroversial

plantohavestateandlocalpoliceenforcefederalimmigration

law.TheConstitutionalprinciplesthatWashingtonalonehas

thepowerto“establishauniformRuleofNaturalization”and

thatfederallawsprecedestatelawsarenoncontroversial.

Arizonahadattemptedtofashionstatepoliciesthatran

paralleltotheexistingfederalones.

JusticeAnthonyKennedy,joinedbyChiefJusticeJohn

RobertsandtheCourtJsliberals,ruledthatthestateflew

tooclosetothefederalsun.Ontheoverturnedprovisionsthe

majorityheldthecongresshaddeliberatelyuoccupiedthe

field“andArizonahadthusintrudedonthefederal's

privilegedpowers.

However,theJusticessaidthatArizonapolicewouldbe

allowedtoverifythelegalstatusofpeoplewhocomeincontact

withlawenforcement.That,sbecauseCongresshasalways

千里之行，始于足下。

envisionedjointfederal-stateimmigrationenforcementand

explicitlyencouragesstateofficerstoshareinformationand

cooperatewithfederalcolleagues.

TwoofthethreeobjectingJustice-SamuelAlitoand

ClarenceThomas-agreedwiththisConstitutionallogicbut

disagreedaboutwhichArizonarulesconflictedwiththefederal

statute.TheonlymajorobjectioncamefromJusticeAntonin

Scalia,whoofferedanevenmorerobustdefenseofstate

privilegesgoingbacktothealienandSeditionActs.

The8-0objectiontoPresidentObamaturnsonwhatJustice

SamuelAlitodescribesinhisobjectionas“ashocking

assertionassertionoffederalexecutivepower”.TheWhite

HousearguedthatArizona,slawsconflictedwithits

enforcementpriorities,evenifstatelawscompliedwith

federalstatutestotheletter.Ineffect,theWhiteHouse

claimedthatitcouldinvalidateanyotherwiselegitimatestate

lawthatitdisagreeswith.

Somepowersdobelongexclusivelytothefederalgovernment,

andcontrolofcitizenshipandthebordersisamongthem.But

ifCongresswantedtopreventstatesfromusingtheirown

resourcestocheckimmigrationstatus,itcould.Itneverdid

so.Theadministrationwasinessenceassertingthatbecause

itdidn'twanttocarryoutCongress'simmigrationwishes,

nostateshouldbeallowedtodosoeither.EveryJustice

rightlyrejectedthisremarkableclaim.

36.ThreeprovisionsofArizona'splanwereoverturned

becausethey

第12頁/共18頁

deprivedthefederalpoliceofConstitutionalpowers.

[B]disturbedthepowerbalancebetweendifferentstates.

[C]oversteppedtheauthorityoffederalimmigrationlaw.

[D]contradictedboththefederalandstatepolicies.

37.OnwhichofthefollowingdidtheJustices

agree,accordingtoParagraph4?

[A]Federalofficers'dutytowithhold

immigrantsJinformation.

[B]States'independencefromfederalimmigrationlaw.

[C]States,legitimateroleinimmigrationenforcement.

[D]Congress'sinterventioninimmigrationenforcement.

38.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5thattheAlienand

SeditionActs

[A]violatedtheConstitution.

[B]underminedthestates'interests.

[C]supportedthefederalstatute.

[D]stoodinfavorofthestates.

千里之行，始于足下。

39.TheWhiteHouseclaimsthatitspowerofenforcement

[A]outweighsthatheldbythestates.

[B]isdependentonthestates,support.

[C]isestablishedbyfederalstatutes.

[D]rarelygoesagainststatelaws.

40.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?

[A]ImmigrationissuesareusuallydecidedbyCongress.

[B]Justicesintendedtocheckthepowerofthe

Administrstion.

[C]Justiceswantedtostrengthenitscoordinationwith

Congress.

[D]TheAdministrationisdominantoverimmigrationissues.

考研閱讀必備真題英語一4

Text4

It'snosurprisethatJenniferSenior,sinsightful,

provocativemagazinecoverstory,loveMyChildren,IHate

MyLife,“isarousingmuchchatter-nothinggetspeople

talkinglikethesuggestionthatchildrearingisanythingless

第14頁/共18頁

thanacompletelyfulfilling,life-enrichingexperience.

Ratherthanconcludingthatchildrenmakeparentseitherhappy

ormiserable,Seniorsuggestsweneedtoredefinehappiness：

insteadofthinkingofitassomethingthatcanbemeasuredby

moment-to-momentjoy,weshouldconsiderbeinghappyasa

past-tensecondition.Eventhoughtheday-to-dayexperienceof

raisingkidscanbesoul-crushinglyhard,Seniorwritesthat

“theverythingsthatinthemomentdampenourmoodscanlater

besourcesofintensegratificationanddelight.w

Themagazinecovershowinganattractivemotherholdinga

cutebabyishardlytheonlyMadonna-and-chiIdimageon

newsstandsthisweek.Therearealsostoriesaboutnewly

adoptive-andnewlysingle-momSandraBullock,aswel1

astheusualuJenniferAnistonispregnant>>news.Practically

everyweekfeaturesatleastonecelebritymom,ormom-to-be,

smilingonthenewsstands.

Inasocietythatsopersistentlycelebratesprocreation,

isitanywonderthatadmittingyouregrethavingchildrenis

equivalenttoadmittingyousupportkitten-killing?It

doesn'tseemquitefair,then,tocomparetheregretsof

parentstotheregretsofthechildren.Unhappyparentsrarely

areprovokedtowonderiftheyshouldn'thavehadkids,but

unhappychiIdlessfolksarebotheredwiththemessagethat

childrenarethesinglemostimportantthingintheworld：

obviouslytheirmiserymustbeadirectresultofthegaping

baby-sizeholesintheirlives.

Ofcourse,theimageofparenthoodthatcelebrity

magazineslikeUsWeeklyandPeoplepresentishugely

千里之行，始于足下。

unrealistic,especiallywhentheparentsaresinglemothers

likeBullock.Accordingtoseveralstudiesconcludingthat

parentsarelesshappythanchildlesscouples,singleparents

aretheleasthappyofall.Noshockthere,consideringhow

muchworkitistoraiseakidwithoutapartnertoleanon;

yettohearSandraandBritneytellit,raisingakidontheir

"own”(read：withround-the